ライフサイエンスコーパス: neural

1 This investigation of neural activation during natural, connected speech produ

2 s of the phonetic and speaker information in neural activations revealed that different time interval

3 Importantly, evoked neural activities were modeled by Bayesian inference, wh

4 ignalling systems ensure stable but flexible neural activity and animal behaviour.

5 f its most vital roles: the coupling between neural activity and blood flow.

6 for dual-task performance, and compared the neural activity and functional connectivity pattern in t

7 put-output curve, impaired spatial tuning of neural activity and impaired sparse coding of informatio

8 tion, and deficits in the temporal tuning of neural activity and its implication for neural codes.

9 How neural activity creates this motivation remains poorly u

10 participants, predict subsequent patterns of neural activity during fear learning.

11 To address this question, we recorded neural activity in a prefrontal sensorimotor area while

12 alternative computational framework in which neural activity in each brain area depends on a combinat

13 he strong link between motion perception and neural activity in the middle temporal (MT) area of the

14 To investigate these mechanisms, we recorded neural activity in the rat hippocampus and prefrontal co

15 Changes in neural activity occur in the motor cortex before movemen

16 SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Neural activity plays a major role in the development of

17 t, derived from correlative measures such as neural activity recordings.

18 To identify neural activity specifically associated with contextual

19 se effects could be explained by patterns of neural activity that do not represent neural tuning to n

20 ge scale networks and an abnormal pattern of neural activity underlie cognitive dysfunction in PP-MS,

21 Further, population neural activity was found to shift farther from a moveme

22 inistered oxytocin and vasopressin modulated neural activity when receiving negative feedback on task

23 task or overt stimulation are used to infer neural activity.

24 increasingly supports coordinated control of neural activity.

25 These neural alterations are associated with habit learning an

26 eration of hypotheses about the evolution of neural anatomy and function.

27 y, highlighting the importance of individual neural and autonomic differences in the response to natu

28 tocentral cortices during rest and follow-up neural and behavioral effects of cognitive dissonance.

29 Here, we characterize neural and computational mechanisms underlying this form

30 Further, the two drugs effectively attenuate neural and vascular deficits in chronic and acute mouse

31 ly, we generate time-lapse movies of complex neural arborization through automated image registration

32 We propose a neural architecture for feature binding in visual workin

33 ique opportunity to investigate the critical neural architectures of musical processing in the brain.

34 gnition in part by disturbing the ability of neural assemblies to synchronize.

35 g neuroplasticity, especially in brains with neural atypicalities.

36 oximately 70,000 patients undergoing service neural autoantibody evaluation in 2015, was 0.024%, equa

37 sion [1, 2], and experience's impact on this neural balancing act continues into adulthood [3-5].

38 cative motion, enabling further inquiry into neural bases of communication.

39 hildren's well-being and sociality; yet, the neural basis of coparenting has not been studied in huma

40 These insights open new vistas on the neural basis of social behavior and social impairment.

41 To understand the neural basis of such flexibility, we recorded from the m

42 Our results suggest that the neural basis of the decoy effect could be the context-de

43 The neural basis of this phenotype was investigated through

44 ysialic acid is a glycan modification of the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) produced by the pol

45 cid (PSA) and its major protein carrier, the neural cell adhesion molecule NCAM, play important roles

46 g (SHH) and consequently altering SHH-guided neural cell-fate decisions.

47 potent than natural flavonoids at protecting neural cells against oxidative stress and is capable of

48 l conditions and determine the fate of other neural cells.

49 modating the protracted development of human neural cells.

50 Although light is a strong modulator of the neural circadian clock, time of food intake is emerging

51 Proper neural circuit formation requires the precise regulation

52 GABAergic interneurons are essential for neural circuit function, and their loss or dysfunction i

53 plasticity-parameters that critically govern neural circuit information processing-suggesting that si

54 However, the neural circuit mechanisms underlying persistent neuronal

55 dling by NCLX of calcium exchange can map to neural circuit patterning and axon guidance decisions du

56 ctive drugs can derail the experience-driven neural circuit remodeling process important for executiv

57 t updating process appears to reorganize the neural circuit supporting the trace-trained memory, so t

58 that good-based decisions are generated in a neural circuit within the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC).

59 Despite its clear clinical relevance, the neural circuitry governing the maladaptive persistence o

60 Mapping neural circuits across defined synapses is essential for

61 n create a correspondence between biological neural circuits and optimization in structured architect

62 lly contribute to this process; however, the neural circuits and synaptic mechanisms by which distinc

63 The uncovered neural circuits and their molecular and cellular targets

64 tic analysis of the plasticity of developing neural circuits by showing that sensory experience durin

65 ry interneurons are essential for functional neural circuits in the brain.

66 aracterization of the effects of oxytocin on neural circuits in the hypothalamus is needed to establi

67 vide insight into defects in the function of neural circuits in vivo and provide an approach for expl

68 fect of disease pathology on the function of neural circuits in vivo This work describes early postna

69 The mechanisms by which neural circuits perform the computations prescribed by m

70 While central neural circuits regulating thirst have been well studied

71 he formation of complex but highly organized neural circuits requires interactions between neurons an

72 ver, multiple lines of evidence suggest that neural circuits supporting model-based behavior are stru

73 vidual neurons or on the connectivity within neural circuits to maintain the persistent activity.

74 Addressing how neural circuits underlie behavior is routinely done by m

75 (SCZ) is proposed to involve alterations of neural circuits via synaptic dysfunction, the underlying

76 opportunity that ensure the proper wiring of neural circuits, as well as windows of vulnerability whe

77 terizing visually identified cells in intact neural circuits, but it requires skill to perform.

78 ding cells (engram cells) by a common set of neural circuits, but this hypothesis has not been establ

79 ral and can be applied to the study of other neural circuits.

80 cellular and molecular reorganization of its neural circuits.

81 its low temporal and spatial resolution, the neural code must be smooth at the voxel and functional l

82 g of neural activity and its implication for neural codes.

83 Here, we demonstrate sexually dimorphic neural coding of odorants by olfactory sensory neurons (

84 of identity in propagated calls relies on a neural coding that is robust to intensity changes, signa

85 ech sentences on both speech recognition and neural coding.

86 Using a neural community detection strategy and graph theoretica

87 ng place over milliseconds, are the basis of neural computation.

88 y critically, and more broadly, underlie the neural computational dysfunction prototypical of schizop

89 f interhemispheric functional and structural neural connection were derived with analyses of voxel mi

90 al experiments were conducted to examine the neural connections and cellular mechanisms of GLP-1R sig

91 SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Neural control of the dynamic body patterning of cephalo

92 unctional organization of the optic lobe and neural control of the various body patterns by the optic

93 to that of oscine vocal learning and complex neural control.

94 osterior cingulate cortex in depression is a neural correlate of the disturbed self-appraisal that is

95 ed versus model-free decision making and its neural correlates as well as alcohol expectancies in alc

96 Here, we investigated what neural correlates in DLS are affected by previous cocain

97 MRI) methods uniquely powered to compare the neural correlates of attention variability in these thre

98 Here we demonstrate both behavioral and neural correlates of looming bias without manipulating o

99 approach provides sensitive and quantitative neural correlates of the underlying chronic disease.

100 M) training (WMT) program, the corresponding neural correlates, and LMX1A-rs4657412 polymorphism on t

101 gs of neurons in singing finches reveal that neural correlations increase across the circuit driving

102 aphy to assess whether direct gaze increases neural coupling between adults and infants during screen

103 The neural coupling in patients was significantly associated

104 arapacial pigmentation as both the migratory neural crest cells and pigment localized only to PNA-fre

105 However, trunk neural crest cells are generally regarded as nonskeletog

106 Neural crest cells give rise to a diverse array of deriv

107 In the head, cranial neural crest cells give rise to the dentine-producing ce

108 s, a role that was largely subsumed by vagal neural crest cells in early gnathostomes.

109 caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) disrupts neural crest gene expression, migration, and melanocytic

110 DF6-induced BMP signaling maintained a trunk neural crest gene signature in melanomas.

111 Similarly, NA transiently inhibits neural crest migration in Xenopus embryos in a Snail1-de

112 ng embryo, melanoblasts originating from the neural crest must traverse the dermis to reach the epide

113 from the anterior mandibular-stream cranial neural crest or from multiple embryonic cell populations

114 Neuroblastoma, an embryonal cancer of neural crest origin, shows metastases frequently at diag

115 combinatorial labeling of zebrafish cranial neural crest-derived cells (CNCCs) to define global gene

116 Our results suggest that neural-crest-derived Schwann cell precursors made an imp

117 raumatic brain injury (TBI) causes extensive neural damage, often resulting in long-term cognitive im

118 SOX1 plays an important role in neural development and neural progenitor pool maintenanc

119 al an essential role for n1-src in amphibian neural development and suggest that alternative splicing

120 Using light-sheet microscopy, early neural development is here followed in vivo in real time

121 Sox2 and Sox19 appear to play major roles in neural development.

122 i knockdown of either Cbx3 or Med26 inhibits neural differentiation while up-regulating genes involve

123 eads to down regulation of genes involved in neural differentiation, and that the transcription facto

124 le of sensory input in the generation of the neural drive to muscles and provide the basis for design

125 We also found a link between individual neural dynamics (long-range temporal correlations) of th

126 RS provided an estimate of the participants' neural efficiency, and this efficiency was consistent ac

127 ted to anisotropic growth of the somatic and neural elements following early development of the centr

128 vasive GBM cells intermixed with functioning neural elements is a major goal of advanced therapeutic

129 t events can trigger an accelerated onset of neural encoding mechanisms supporting the integration of

130 Elucidating such novel neural endophenotypes can facilitate new approaches to B

131 Here we show that this measure of neural engagement predicted the duration of time that vi

132 lutionary adaptation' to generate a reliable neural estimate of the variable world.

133 re characterized by altered or inappropriate neural function and behaviour.

134 undant, antipsychotic medications may affect neural function in studies of animals, healthy volunteer

135 ermittent ethanol (AIE) exposure compromises neural function into adulthood.

136 etuses in utero and found that systems-level neural functional connectivity was diminished in fetuses

137 nergic responsivity in line with compromised neural gain.

138 omputational modeling can aid in identifying neural generators of field potentials.

139 specification by enhancing the expression of neural genes and down-regulating genes specific to alter

140 In sum, this review will argue that neural-glial interactions represent an important avenue

141 s as a potential drug by which modulation of neural glycan biosynthesis and thus function can be achi

142 The plethora of methods for functional neural imaging can be daunting to the nonexpert to navig

143 ffects on neurodevelopment and plasticity in neural, immune, and endocrine networks.

144 nt mice were resistant to leukocyte-mediated neural inflammation.

145 ing world or to recover basic movement after neural injuries.

146 ally characterize the common and independent neural input, originated from different levels of the ce

147 he central nervous system provides extrinsic neural inputs that modulate, regulate, and integrate the

148 ive-imaging tools for the study of molecular-neural interactions important for the operation of the c

149 avioral work provides understanding, whereas neural interventions test causality.

150 ptors CXCR4/CXCR7 on SC in the initiation of neural invasion in the cancer precursor stage and the re

151 ne reward sensitivity at both behavioral and neural levels in humans.

152 To examine the neural locus of this effect, we then combined the adapta

153 ogical data from the literature to show that neural maps appear as the number of neurons in visual co

154 sory processing requires proper alignment of neural maps throughout the brain.

155 as the primary reason for the appearance of neural maps, which we link to a known phase transition i

156 ads and beyond laboratory walls, to identify neural markers of group engagement during dynamic real-w

157 ns at the level of psychological process and neural mechanism, examining both the limitations to ment

158 onment, it has remained largely unknown what neural mechanisms are used by the primate auditory corte

159 a-band effects are in line with compensatory neural mechanisms such as increased cognitive control an

160 Early visual experience sculpts neural mechanisms that regulate the balance of influence

161 hat extensive behavioral training alters the neural mechanisms that support selective attention.

162 (MT) area of the macaque monkey to study the neural mechanisms that underlie the behavioral consequen

163 properties of the moving object, though the neural mechanisms underlying this process remain poorly

164 We then propose a neural model of the self as an emerging property of inte

165 This assay includes a convolutional neural net pipeline and allows us to discriminate betwee

166 which FMRP mediates protein translation and neural network activity, we demonstrated that a ubiquiti

167 quired for Gp1 mGluR-induced translation and neural network activity.

168 Deep neural network approaches, which have been forwarded as

169 This neural network improves the strength of the tree search,

170 elp interpret and improve existing ideas for neural network mechanisms underlying behaviorally observ

171 These predictions are validated in a spiking neural network model of the OB-PC pathway that satisfies

172 According to prior neural network simulations, this sequence of events-misp

173 n of speech, and reveal a widely distributed neural network supporting perceptual grouping of speech

174 Our findings delineate a neural network that integrates distinct behavioral modul

175 We present a deep neural network that prospectively predicts lineage choic

176 d with other architectures of CNN, Recurrent Neural Network, and Random Forest, the simple CNN archit

177 ooted dendrogram, which was based on the SOM neural network, shows the same results as the cluster an

178 eters in the approach are the weights of the neural network, which are automatically optimized based

179 re sophisticated methods, such as Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), form an attractive platform to bu

180 wo powerful technologies: deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) and panoramic videos of natural

181 complex brain consists of multiple intricate neural networks assembled from distinct sets of input an

182 Neural networks can efficiently encode the probability d

183 ry networks (GRNs) for brain development and neural networks for brain function.

184 Creating and running realistic models of neural networks has hitherto been a task for computing p

185 y and functional integrity of these impacted neural networks in primary progressive aphasia are lacki

186 hat activate these stabilizing mechanisms in neural networks of mature animals remain elusive.

187 Neural networks that control reproduction must integrate

188 symbolic logic and automated reasoning, with neural networks to generate embeddings of nodes that enc

189 esses that might be implemented by divergent neural networks.

190 ardware technology with up-scaled memristive neural networks.

191 he complex algorithms involving hierarchical neural networks.High-density information storage calls f

192 tead, we identify Insensible (Insb), another neural nuclear Notch pathway inhibitor, as a critical di

193 Insects and mammals share similarities of neural organization underlying the perception of odors,

194 The neural origins underpinning these changes remain unclear

195 odels of memory have argued that large-scale neural oscillations are reinstated to support successful

196 of speech/nonspeech stimuli or lack thereof, neural oscillatory activities at the single trial level

197 Our results define the molecular and neural pathways through which parallel biogenic amine si

198 The neural pathways underlying these abilities are unknown.

199 Moreover, the neural pattern in right LPFC successfully predicted idio

200 rdinated variance to explore and consolidate neural patterns.

201 C3a receptor signalling in ischaemia-induced neural plasticity, we subjected C3a receptor-deficient m

202 direct cells to form central nervous system (neural plate) or sensory placodes.

203 he gastrointestinal tract contains intrinsic neural plexuses that allow a significant degree of indep

204 proach augments the decoder by incorporating neural population dynamics remembered from an earlier po

205 the production of an aberrant proliferative neural population in surviving animals.

206 nable from an unadapted facial identity at a neural population level.

207 ed dynamic stimulus reconstructions based on neural population responses for auditory nerve (ANF) inp

208 view of functional diversity within a local neural population.

209 n, sounds that activate the same or separate neural populations in primary auditory cortex (A1) are p

210 t govern differentiation of individual human neural precursor cells (NPC) into mature neurons are cur

211 one-specific marker and nestin, a marker for neural precursor cells.

212 Zika targets cerebral neural precursors, a cell population essential for corti

213 will increase access to wireless optofluidic neural probes for advanced in vivo pharmacology and opto

214 rily an endogenous, not yet well understood, neural process.

215 l entrainment to language does not depend on neural processes that are specific to auditory speech pe

216 brain, even general purpose and fundamental neural processing mechanisms are shaped by the physical

217 y little is known about how stress response, neural processing of reward, and depression are related

218 To further understand the underlying neural processing of TFS, experiments in humans and anim

219 s indicate that prior expectations influence neural processing right from the earliest stage of the c

220 ticity, where language experience can change neural processing.

221 Neural progenitor cell (NPC) culture within three-dimens

222 The mechanisms that determine whether a neural progenitor cell (NPC) reenters the cell cycle or

223 n (H3K4me2) in EPO treated and control fetal neural progenitor cells, identifying 1,150 differentiall

224 an important role in neural development and neural progenitor pool maintenance.

225 Here we identify a brain-region-specific neural progenitor-based signaling pathway dedicated to r

226 the developmental potential of intermediate neural progenitors (INPs) generated by asymmetrically di

227 Neural progenitors lacking Lgl1 had decreased N-cadherin

228 Neural progenitors were organized in niches in the subep

229 g cells, which represent enteric glia and/or neural progenitors.

230 t data characterize the excitatory nature of neural projections activated by cisplatin in rats and re

231 al model before movement could improve motor neural prostheses being developed for people with paraly

232 rently being made towards the development of neural prostheses.

233 need for the development of new sensory and neural prosthetic devices which are capable of more prec

234 ssed, leading to a deep dynamic reshaping of neural receptive fields going far beyond simple surround

235 ussion history on white matter structure and neural recruitment.

236 IRS), we examined hemodynamic responses over neural regions integral to fluent speech production incl

237 , which are previously implicated in various neural related phenotypes.

238 The neural reliability, as quantified by ISC, has been linke

239 should lead to differentiation of the item's neural representation from the previous context (on whic

240 of different nature, we identify distributed neural representation of value, saliency, and category d

241 trinsic temporal context dependence into the neural representation of value.

242 for faces and to quantify the allocation of neural resources to threat-related distracters in 81 you

243 Moreover, the similarity of the neural response to different clusters in the PPA could b

244 ation to one individual face, the suppressed neural response to this identity becomes discriminable f

245 f the algorithm, we also apply it to cluster neural responses and demonstrate successful recovery of

246 dinal numerosities in the IPS and that their neural responses are accounted for by a model of numeros

247 Stimulus-related neural responses are increased for the attended stimulus

248 extends previous findings of gender-specific neural responses in monosexual men, and provides initial

249 erosity coding that has been used to explain neural responses in the adult IPS.

250 results provide evidence for differences in neural responses to linguistic competition between versu

251 NT We characterized the properties of evoked neural responses to phoneme instances in continuous spee

252 uth with IGD exhibited significantly blunted neural responses within distributed subcortical and cort

253 is used to target the Nrl gene, encoding for Neural retina-specific leucine zipper protein, a rod fat

254 ated level of consciousness - as measured by neural signal diversity.

255 iscovery of a transient, spatially selective neural signal in humans that encodes the relative value

256 of neural synchronization on propagation of neural signals.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT By comparing brain

257 We find a neural signature of the unique hues 230 ms after stimulu

258 Findings point to neural signatures of risk for maintaining PTSD symptoms

259 ally strengthen connections between separate neural sites in motor cortex (MC).

260 Here, we show that modeling of neural sound representations in terms of frequency-speci

261 BACKGROUND & AIMS: Neural stem and progenitor cells from the enteric nervou

262 (+) cells and increased apoptosis in Sox2(+) neural stem and progenitor cells, and in DCX(+) and Tuj1

263 e we demonstrate that Prdm16 is required for neural stem cell maintenance and neurogenesis in the adu

264 ctions in inflammation/gliosis and increased neural stem cell numbers in areas of tissue injury.

265 and colleagues asked whether the results of neural stem cell transplantation might be improved by ac

266 (INPs) generated by asymmetrically dividing neural stem cells (neuroblasts).

267 Neural stem cells (NSCs) are a heterogeneous population

268 al for the normal cycling and maintenance of neural stem cells (NSCs) in the brain subependymal zone

269 Neural stem cells have been envisioned as a source of do

270 We previously showed that MCPH1 deletion in neural stem cells results in early mitotic entry that di

271 NF-kappaB-mediated signaling that activates neural stem cells to reconstitute the olfactory epitheli

272 This enabled us to discover that neural stem cells, derived from the murine spinal cord a

273 we found that intrathecal transplantation of neural stem/precursor cells (NPCs) in mice with experime

274 us a uniquely differentiated picture of the neural substrate for the first 500 ms of word recognitio

275 h they are deemed most relevant; and (2) the neural substrates that support such dynamic prioritizati

276 inking cognition with WM via the reliance of neural synchronization on propagation of neural signals.

277 e microstructure of the optic radiations and neural synchrony during visual attention predict reactio

278 ectedness among interacting partners, ground neural synchrony in key nonverbal social behaviors, and

279 Among couples, neural synchrony was anchored in moments of social gaze

280 and positive affect correlated with greater neural synchrony.

281 This information relies on the same neural system, but it is not known whether the organisat

282 We propose a neural systems mechanism for this finding where the node

283 Neural systems use homeostatic plasticity to maintain no

284 How can neural tissue exhibit both type I and type II excitabili

285 t by specifically formulating the bioink for neural tissues, and by spatially patterning cell types a

286 immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and neural tracing with subunit B of cholera toxin (CTB), we

287 hese findings provide evidence for a dynamic neural transformation of low-level speech features as th

288 the controls whose IQ is correlated with the neural transition frequency, IQ scores of individuals wi

289 epithelial cells, as seen in the vertebrate neural tube and the Drosophila ventral furrow.

290 sensitive metabolic processes at the time of neural tube closure.

291 abetes mellitus in early pregnancy can cause neural tube defects (NTDs) in embryos by perturbing prot

292 similar to the testing/screening method for neural tube defects and common chromosomal anomalies dur

293 lly lethal and recapitulates JBTS, including neural tube defects and polydactyly; however, the underl

294 Neural tube defects, harms of treatment (twinning, respi

295 tor 1 (Folr1; also known as FRalpha) impairs neural tube formation and leads to NTDs.

296 ly, PRDM13 also ensures a battery of ventral neural tube specification genes such as Olig1, Olig2 and

297 t children as young as 3-4 years old exhibit neural tuning to cardinal numerosities in the IPS and th

298 rns of neural activity that do not represent neural tuning to numerosity.

299 biological studies, however, have shown that neural value coding dynamically adapts to the statistics

300 hanism for the introduction or modulation of neural variability in this circuit.