ライフサイエンスコーパス: nipple

1 d induce the overlying epidermis to form the nipple.

2 mammary epithelium and the formation of the nipple.

3 later when rats were tested on the surrogate nipple.

4 on the schedule of milk infusion through the nipple.

5 ched to and ingested milk from the surrogate nipple.

6 ment pattern when reexposed to the surrogate nipple.

7 re and during presentation of the artificial nipple.

8 sp responses and sustained attachment to the nipple.

9 tered subsequent behavioral responses to the nipple.

10 d sustained attachment to an empty surrogate nipple.

11 ral grasping when presented with a surrogate nipple.

12 l grasp response and experienced milk at the nipple.

13 le elicited sustained attachment to an empty nipple.

14 l oblique view if it is lateral (out) to the nipple.

15 which pups ingested fluids from a surrogate nipple.

16 sponses and ingested milk from the surrogate nipple.

17 ed infant rats to compete successfully for a nipple.

18 al and involved predominantly the top of the nipple.

19 d pregnancy-associated hyperkeratosis of the nipple.

20 r the treatment of Raynaud phenomenon of the nipple.

21 ream role of this hormone in maintaining the nipple.

22 rmine sampling limitations at depth from the nipple.

23 ged less frequently than were young on other nipples.

24 ged less frequently than were young on other nipples.

25 ochrogaster) in laboratory cages prefer hind nipples.

26 ps to voluntarily release their hold on hind nipples.

27 le providing ethanol or saccharin (but not a nipple alone or fluids alone) increased subsequent respo

28 motor activity and respond to an artificial nipple (AN) with mouthing and oral grasping behavior.

29 Time attached to the nipple and amount of milk ingested depended on the sched

30 rentiation from nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola.

31 ment, and/or in nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola.

32 ities of milk delivery through the surrogate nipple and reproduce the initial attachment pattern when

33 Hyperkeratosis of the nipple and/or areola can develop in the context of infla

34 ignificantly increased incidence of retained nipples and compromised sperm motility.

35 vironment to confirm the preference for hind nipples and to determine if young on hind nipples were g

36 er and situated at least 1 cm from the skin, nipple, and chest wall were selected.

37 ontact with the nipple, oral grasping of the nipple, and experience with milk altered subsequent beha

38 ICCs for clockface, distance from nipple, and individual lesion diameter all exceeded 0.7,

39 e during the test, less time attached to the nipple, and less body weight gain.

40 Pups orally grasped the artificial nipple, and they performed more and longer oral grasps i

41 We identified specialized populations of nipple- and pilo-erector muscle neurons.

42 n cohort 2 involved less than a third of the nipple areola complex (NAC), and the most frequent recon

43 or sweating of the implant; necrosis of the nipple, areola, or flap; malfunction of the filler port

44 anterior tongue, which is wedged between the nipple-areola complex and the lower lips, moves as a rig

45 to our knowledge, that latch-on to draw the nipple-areola complex into the infant mouth, as well as

46 y subatmospheric pressure or mouthing of the nipple-areola complex to induce a peristaltic-like extra

47 inoma was defined as that within 2 cm of the nipple-areolar complex.

48 ome insects use arrays of elements, known as nipple arrays, to reduce reflectivity in their compound

49 S, sustained attachment occurred to an empty nipple as if it provided milk, whereas pups in control c

50 investigated the presence of microbes in the nipple aspirate fluid (NAF) and their potential associat

51 (CEA) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in nipple aspirate fluids (NAFs), but the usefulness for th

52 At all ages, pups demonstrated greater nipple attachment for saccharin or 5% ethanol than for w

53 rn to the nest reduced this desynchrony, and nipple attachment induced a further reduction but increa

54 -regulated only on the side contralateral to nipple blockade.

55 Pregnancy-associated hyperkeratosis of the nipple can be symptomatic and persist post partum.

56 Reported physiologic nipple changes in pregnancy do not include hyperkeratosi

57 e cancer and distances of the tumor from the nipple, chest wall, and skin were computed.

58 22 of 59 (37.3%) had lesions >5 cm from the nipple, compared with 1 of 17 women for whom distance of

59 uses received presentations of an artificial nipple (conditioned stimulus; CS) paired with milk (unco

60 r, ectopic delivery of Tgfbeta1 protein into nipple connective tissue reduced epidermal proliferation

61 .4, 95% CI: 2.04, 5.51), using an antifungal nipple cream (presumably for nipple thrush) in the same

62 The nipple CS has no effect on opioid activity, but after pa

63 ersion or retraction (n = 4), and associated nipple discharge (n = 2).

64 nely used to evaluate women with spontaneous nipple discharge (SND), but definitive diagnosis is usua

65 ears to have been therapeutic as well, since nipple discharge ceased after the procedure.

66 56 patients who underwent CDR for pathologic nipple discharge greater than 15 years previous were rev

67 CDR for pathologic nipple discharge is an effective way to diagnose and tre

68 Patients found with pathologic nipple discharge present a diagnostic dilemma to surgeon

69 ary 1992 and December 1998, 23 patients with nipple discharge underwent contrast material-enhanced MR

70 Nipple discharge was not present.

71 fective way to diagnose and treat pathologic nipple discharge without missing underlying cancers.

72 ciated findings such as microcalcifications, nipple discharge, and interval change were evaluated.

73 Data including type of nipple discharge, future biopsy, and pathology reports w

74 y was performed in women who had problematic nipple discharge.

75 identify both benign and malignant causes of nipple discharge.

76 ification of potential sources of pathologic nipple discharge.

77 enign versus malignant sources of pathologic nipple discharge.

78 bese range, birth weight >3600 g, absence of nipple discomfort between 0-3 d postpartum, and infant f

79 eptor 2 amplification, tumor size, and tumor-nipple distance were associated with nipple involvement

80 al fate, no mammary ducts are formed and the nipple does not form.

81 ted in more frequent disengagements from the nipple during the test, less time attached to the nipple

82 Less frequent dislodgment from hind nipples during maternal movements may play a role in the

83 ilk from an oral cannula or from a surrogate nipple elicited sustained attachment to an empty nipple.

84 ogether, these results show that specialized nipple epidermis is maintained by estrogen-induced repre

85 We observed the conversion of nipple epithelium into pilosebaceous units.

86 d organogenesis, BMPs are likely used by the nipple epithelium to suppress keratinocyte differentiati

87 Nipple fluid CEA and PSA titers are correlated in the af

88 Nipple fluid CEAs are higher for breasts with untreated

89 Nipple fluid CEAs are significantly higher for cancerous

90 Nipple fluid PSA titers do not seem to be useful for bre

91 Nipple fluid PSAs do not differ by tumor status.

92 Seventy-one percent of nipples from therapeutic mastectomies showed no patholog

93 Prairie vole young on hind nipples, however, were dislodged less frequently than we

94 Twenty-five cases of pregnancy-associated nipple hyperkeratosis identified during a 5-year period

95 ic analysis of cases of pregnancy-associated nipple hyperkeratosis.

96 ffspring competed with peers for access to a nipple in infancy, and to water in adolescence or adulth

97 activity and oral grasping of an artificial nipple in newborn rats.

98 s may play a role in the preference for hind nipples in prairie voles.

99 with the formation of the convex bulge, or "nipple", in the initial stage of membrane fusion.

100 disease, lymph node involvement, skin and/or nipple invasion, chest wall and/or pectoralis muscle inv

101 including palpable mass (n = 29), associated nipple inversion or retraction (n = 4), and associated n

102 Presentation is usually a lump or nipple inversion, but is often late, with more than 40%

103 of breast carcinoma with low probability of nipple involvement by carcinoma and prophylactic procedu

104 Extent and location of nipple involvement by carcinoma was assessed with the ti

105 Nipple involvement by IC or DCIS was identified in the r

106 e of the 84 prophylactic mastectomies showed nipple involvement by IC or DCIS.

107 d tumor-nipple distance were associated with nipple involvement by multivariate analysis (P = .0047,

108 y evaluates frequency and patterns of occult nipple involvement in a large contemporary cohort of pat

109 retroareolar margin as possible indicator of nipple involvement.

110 (touch-deprived) but not in pups placed with nipple-ligated dams (food-deprived).

111 nt to reprogram wild-type keratinocytes into nipple-like epidermis.

112 Nipple-like nanostructures covering the corneal surfaces

113 ifferentiation of the ventral epidermis into nipple-like skin and is accompanied by ectopic expressio

114 fter 2, 3, or 6 pairings with the artificial nipple, milk evoked both kappa and mu opioid activity.

115 hypospadias (n = 199), and polythelia (extra nipples) (n = 167) among male offspring, using a nested

116 ent responsiveness toward an empty surrogate nipple (no fluid), both 1 hr and 24 hr after preexposure

117 nfluence the development of hairs within the nipple of the KRT14-Noggin mouse.

118 he total dose was injected under each of six nipples on the right side.

119 ated by the progressive use of more anterior nipples only as litter size increased and by the relucta

120 Contact with the nipple, oral grasping of the nipple, and experience with

121 5 were gynaecomastia (n=24), fatigue (n=23), nipple pain (n=13), and hot flush (n=12), all of which w

122 considered in the differential diagnosis of nipple pain during lactation.

123 tfeeding mothers demonstrated improvement of nipple pain.

124 pine,10 (83%) reported decreased or resolved nipple pain.

125 ls before presentation without resolution of nipple pain.

126 ger oral grasps in the latter portion of the nipple presentation.

127 e 22 patients with Raynaud phenomenon of the nipple, previous treatment for Candida mastitis with ora

128 The surrogate nipple provides a new technique for experimental study o

129 Preexposure to a nipple providing ethanol or saccharin (but not a nipple

130 osure, pups responded most positively to the nipple providing saccharin, the longest time spent on an

131 was robust enough to promote attachment to a nipple providing saline, which is aversive to the newbor

132 Responsiveness to a surrogate nipple providing water, saccharin, 5% ethanol, or 10% et

133 After ingesting milk from the surrogate nipple, pups remained attached to an empty surrogate nip

134 tic glandular tissue remains confined to the nipple region, implying that the requirement for ER alph

135 Male nipple retention and compromised sperm motility at 2,000

136 olar ulcerating skin plaque, more noticeable nipple retraction, and new onset of retroareolar aching.

137 Scalp-ear-nipple (SEN) syndrome is a rare, autosomal-dominant diso

138 uctal development and patterns the overlying nipple sheath.

139 air follicle formation within the developing nipple sheath.

140 Raynaud phenomenon of the nipple should be considered in the differential diagnosi

141 n pups that ingested milk from the surrogate nipple showed brief oral grasp responses and, when teste

142 Pups ingesting milk from a surrogate nipple showed increased intake of water and saline from

143 yme and the entire ventral epidermis becomes nipple skin.

144 dence interval (CI): 2.64, 6.11), cracks and nipple sores in the same week as mastitis (OR = 3.4, 95%

145 Surgical options now include nipple-sparing mastectomy but its oncological safety is

146 Nipple-sparing mastectomy may be suitable for selected c

147 or occult involvement in patients undergoing nipple-sparing mastectomy.

148 To identify candidate nipple-specific signaling factors, we compared gene expr

149 Between cohort 1 and cohort 2, nipple survival rates rose from 80% to 95% (P = 0.003) a

150 mographic lesion is medial or lateral to the nipple, the "down and out" rule is commonly employed.

151 We propose that during evolution of the nipple, the BMP pathway was co-opted to suppress hair fo

152 s in seminatural environments preferred hind nipples; this preference was illustrated by the progress

153 g an antifungal nipple cream (presumably for nipple thrush) in the same 3-week interval as mastitis (

154 lter the fate of the epithelium in the mouse nipple to a hair-covered epidermal phenotype.

155 ta, indicated that the traditional metric of nipple to the ductal front distance, or percent fat pad

156 evaluated by measuring the distance from the nipple to the pectoralis major muscle on the mediolatera

157 itioned opioid activity if preexposed to the nipple twice before conditioning.

158 itution that is oncologically safe with high nipple viability and early low rates of recurrence.

159 y (TSSM) technique is limited by concerns of nipple viability, flap necrosis, local recurrence risk,

160 men for whom distance of the lesion from the nipple was known in the conventional group (P = 0.02).

161 accharin, the longest time spent on an empty nipple was observed in pups preexposed to 10% ethanol.

162 instillation of dye or other materials, the nipple was sutured shut, and the mastectomy proceeded as

163 nd nipples and to determine if young on hind nipples were groomed more frequently or dislodged less f

164 There was more conspicuous retraction of the nipple when compared with that seen at prior examination

165 ncreased intake of water and saline from the nipple when tested subsequently.

166 tered both attachment and ingestion from the nipple, whereas preloading with the same amount of water

167 usion, spent a greater amount of time on the nipple while M1 was erupting than in the preceding year,

168 pups remained attached to an empty surrogate nipple, while pups exposed to distilled water or saline

169 Without it, a babe that sucks at a nipple will go hungry, even if the breast at which it su

170 h intraorally infused ethanol or a surrogate nipple with ethanol administered intraperitoneally (to m

171 rogen signaling through ovariectomy produced nipples with abnormally thin epidermis, and we identifie

172 Nipple withdrawal, with or without milk transfer, induce

173 ial for evaluation of lesions of the mammary nipple yields samples which permit a diagnosis of Paget'