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1 neurotransmitters (dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine).
2 ance the synaptic levels of serotonin and/or norepinephrine.
3 er for serotonin than it is for dopamine and norepinephrine.
4 uestion of a possible noncanonical action by norepinephrine.
5 tial changes in regulation of brain state by norepinephrine.
6 efore and after inducing cardiac stress with norepinephrine.
7 smitters, including L-DOPA, epinephrine, and norepinephrine.
8 n; midodrine; octreotide; noradrenaline; and norepinephrine.
9 ylguanidine (MIBG), a guanethidine analog of norepinephrine.
10 eceptor activation by the endogenous agonist norepinephrine.
11 al to 2 mmol/L, randomized to vasopressin or norepinephrine.
12 ments of related neuromodulators dopamine or norepinephrine.
13 in preparing noradrenaline analogs, such as norepinephrine, (11)C-metahydroxyephedrine, and (123)I-m
18 ongbird brain, we tested the hypothesis that norepinephrine actions depend on local estrogen synthesi
19 accessible biological parameter regulated by norepinephrine activation of alpha1ARs on peripheral art
23 ) excitation and global gain modulation (via norepinephrine) amplifies selectivity in information pro
24 (defect of the positron emission tomography norepinephrine analog (11)C-hydroxyephedrine), lack of a
25 017) uncover how octopamine, an invertebrate norepinephrine analog, modulates the neural pathways tha
26 similarity and the ability to interact with norepinephrine and a number of compounds that bind with
28 the different physiological features of the norepinephrine and acetylcholine systems in the light of
31 on, the activities of the central glutamate, norepinephrine and central cytokine systems are signific
32 ute SCI in mice induced suppression of serum norepinephrine and concomitant increase in cortisol, des
33 knowledge, significant interactions between norepinephrine and D2R or D3R receptors have not been de
36 ophysiological effects of the catecholamines norepinephrine and dopamine on stimulus-evoked cortical
37 dence suggests that neuromodulators, such as norepinephrine and dopamine, increase neural gain in tar
40 n = 101), vasopressin and placebo (n = 104), norepinephrine and hydrocortisone (n = 101), or norepine
42 e > 2 mmol/L) differ from vasopressin versus norepinephrine and mortality in Vasopressin and Septic S
45 tudies on the immunomodulatory properties of norepinephrine and viable alternatives are highly warran
48 enty-three percent were septic, 47% required norepinephrine, and 53% were mechanically ventilated.
49 target monoamine transporters for dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin (DAT, NET, and SERT, respe
50 s study, we examined the effect of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin on lOFC neuronal excitabil
51 eart rate dissipated after administration of norepinephrine, and there were no differences in heart r
52 hormonal systems activated in heart failure (norepinephrine, angiotensin II, aldosterone, and neprily
53 ctate measurement during first hospital day, norepinephrine as first vasopressor, and avoidance of st
54 ot support the use of vasopressin to replace norepinephrine as initial treatment in this situation, t
55 uartile 1, 2.8; 95% CI, 2.1-3.7) and receive norepinephrine as initial vasopressor (adjusted odds rat
56 d with septic shock who received dopamine or norepinephrine as initial vasopressor during the first 2
60 he arguments on the physiological effects of norepinephrine at the cortical level are inconsistent wi
63 validity and generalizability beyond classic norepinephrine circuits because it simplifies extremely
64 t hypothesis was that the vasopressin versus norepinephrine comparison and 28-day mortality of patien
65 compared dopamine transients in the NAc with norepinephrine concentration changes in the vBNST, and c
67 ften interpreted in terms of the activity of norepinephrine-containing neurons in the brainstem nucle
68 induced lipolysis accompanied by a decreased norepinephrine content in white adipose tissue (WAT).
71 neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine and norepinephrine contributed to neuronal control of target
73 eta-adrenergic stress induced with 10 microm norepinephrine demonstrated increased susceptibility to
75 , the early use of vasopressin compared with norepinephrine did not improve the number of kidney fail
76 ne group (25.4% for vasopressin vs 35.3% for norepinephrine; difference, -9.9% [95% CI, -19.3% to -0.
78 omodulators, corticotropin-releasing factor, norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin to affect the ci
80 oronary percutaneous intervention (PCI), and norepinephrine dose, the mean +/- SD post-arrival increm
82 light the potential of adrenergic stress and norepinephrine-driven beta-AR signaling to regulate the
83 of epinephrine and a 44% increase in plasma norepinephrine during hypoglycemia compared with placebo
84 fects of different stressors on behavior and norepinephrine dynamics in the BNST of rat strains known
85 in a predictive coding approach, the arousal/norepinephrine effects described by the GANE (glutamate
86 a pattern classifier analysis indicated that norepinephrine enhanced the ability of single neurons to
87 sed by Mather et al. attempts to explain how norepinephrine enhances processing in highly activated b
88 ncomitant vasopressor requirements, based on norepinephrine equivalents excluding vasopressin, were s
90 To restore the energy balance, epinephrine/norepinephrine-exposed cells may face higher iron demand
92 ls (5.3 +/- 0.1 mmol/L), plasma epinephrine, norepinephrine, glucagon, cortisol, and growth hormone r
93 significant blunting of plasma epinephrine, norepinephrine, glucagon, cortisol, and growth hormone r
94 ed in significant reductions of epinephrine, norepinephrine, glucagon, growth hormone, cortisol, endo
95 f memory by this circuit is modulated by the norepinephrine-glutamate loop described by Mather et al.
96 therapy in the vasopressin group than in the norepinephrine group (25.4% for vasopressin vs 35.3% for
97 group and 93 of 157 patients (59.2%) in the norepinephrine group (difference, -2.3% [95% CI, -13.0%
98 sin group and 13 days (IQR, 1 to -25) in the norepinephrine group (difference, -4 days [95% CI, -11 t
99 in group vs 17 of 204 patients (8.3%) in the norepinephrine group (difference, 2.5% [95% CI, -3.3% to
101 ic enhancement, dopamine (bromocriptine) and norepinephrine (guanfacine) manipulations did not improv
102 is circumstantial, as immunologic effects of norepinephrine have not been investigated properly in ex
104 e cells, we still know very little about how norepinephrine impacts signaling pathways in dendritic c
107 ) mediates reuptake of synaptically released norepinephrine in central and peripheral noradrenergic n
108 028) lower mortality with vasopressin versus norepinephrine in lactate less than or equal to 2 mmol/L
109 ned vocalizations, and the potential role of norepinephrine in modulating the neuronal computations f
111 nged with physiologically relevant levels of norepinephrine in the presence of iron-bound transferrin
113 ed a careful comparison between dopamine and norepinephrine in their possible activation of all D2-li
116 uncoupling protein 1 expression and maximal norepinephrine-induced heat production were gradually in
121 ving protocol-guided parenteral fluids and a norepinephrine infusion to maintain mean arterial pressu
128 he curves for insulin and insulin secretion, norepinephrine, insulin sensitivity, acute insulin respo
129 effects) model proposes that local glutamate-norepinephrine interactions enable "winner-take-more" ef
133 findings in rodents and humans indicate that norepinephrine is ineffective in modulating mnemonic pro
135 stress response, as are the locus coeruleus norepinephrine (LC-NE) and dorsal raphe serotonin (DR 5-
138 locus coeruleus noradrenaline (also known as norepinephrine) (LC-NE) neurons receive input from and s
139 ted subchondral bone loss and decreased bone norepinephrine level in all experimental subgroups when
140 ral bone loss and increased subchondral bone norepinephrine level were observed in the CIS and UAC gr
141 re severe subchondral bone loss, higher bone norepinephrine level, and decreased chondrocyte density
143 lication to the renal arteries reduced renal norepinephrine levels and blunted angiotensin II-induced
144 ts displayed progressive loss of hippocampal norepinephrine levels and locus coeruleus fibres in the
146 onomic failure phenotype had very low plasma norepinephrine levels, slow resting heart rate, no REM s
149 hat norepinephrine induces local "hotspots": Norepinephrine mainly decreases evoked responses; facili
150 sing immunoparalysis is underway, the use of norepinephrine may aggravate the development, extent, an
151 levate dopamine in addition to serotonin and norepinephrine, may demonstrate greater efficacy, with t
152 complex and heterogeneous actions including norepinephrine mechanisms related to higher cognitive ci
154 n humans, with a focus on heart rate, plasma norepinephrine, microneurographic recording of sympathet
155 eus innervation and deficits locus coeruleus/norepinephrine modulated behaviours, does not exist, ham
157 (versus WT mice at baseline and all doses of norepinephrine), myocardial blood flow was lower in Kv1.
160 gic receptor stimulation with noradrenaline (norepinephrine; NA, 50 mul, 250 muM) was applied to elic
162 control of the heart is a classic example of norepinephrine (NE) and acetylcholine (ACh) triggering o
163 f neuromodulation by acetylcholine (ACh) and norepinephrine (NE) and afferent synaptic excitation.
164 s catecholamine transmission via blockade of norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) reuptake transport
165 Diffuse neuromodulatory systems such as norepinephrine (NE) control brain-wide states such as ar
167 ught to determine whether the stress hormone norepinephrine (NE) could induce hTERT expression and su
169 ion factor Nr4a1 regulated the production of norepinephrine (NE) in macrophages and thereby limited e
173 rmacological studies in mammals suggest that norepinephrine (NE) plays an important role in promoting
174 omplete ECS of the alpha1B-adrenoreceptor on norepinephrine (NE) potency, affinity, and efficacy.
175 rength of a representation and interact with norepinephrine (NE) to enhance high priority representat
176 ransmitter levels of serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine (NE) were dysregulated from Postnatal day
177 cal redox cycling behavior of dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), and their mixture was investigated
178 nd in Skov3-ip1 and HeyA8 cells treated with norepinephrine (NE), and these changes were shown to be
180 cellular mechanism(s) linking macrophages to norepinephrine (NE)-mediated regulation of thermogenesis
185 amines serotonin (SERT), dopamine (DAT), and norepinephrine (NET) are targets of multiple psychoactiv
186 studies to date have examined the effects of norepinephrine on the neuronal response to relatively si
187 pamine or the D2 agonist quinpirole, but not norepinephrine or serotonin, was prevented by the GABAA
189 hock who were receiving more than 0.2 mug of norepinephrine per kilogram of body weight per minute or
191 ctopamine (OA, the invertebrate homologue of norepinephrine), plays a major role in controlled sugar
192 hydroxymandelic acid (DHMA), a metabolite of norepinephrine produced by E. coli, is a chemoattractant
194 reset hypothesis" supporting the notion that norepinephrine promotes rapid cognitive and behavioral a
196 , P < 0.0001) were positively associated and norepinephrine (r(2) = 0.59, P < 0.0001) was negatively
198 e interdisciplinary model of arousal-induced norepinephrine release and its role in selectively enhan
199 e important role of alpha2AAR in controlling norepinephrine release and response, this novel regulati
200 at high stress levels (represented by higher norepinephrine release by sympathetic nerves) contribute
201 ary sensory input to the brain by modulating norepinephrine release from the locus coeruleus into the
202 timulation of LC-NE fibers in the BLA evokes norepinephrine release in the basolateral amygdala (BLA)
203 t information through local "hotspots" where norepinephrine release interacts with glutamatergic acti
207 from adrenal medullary chromaffin cells and norepinephrine released locally from sympathetic nerve t
208 Primary outcome was the total amount of norepinephrine required to maintain a target mean arteri
209 hours of study drug infusion, the amount of norepinephrine required was no different between the stu
210 model of septic shock did not markedly alter norepinephrine requirement or any other physiological pa
211 itially started on hemodialysis despite high norepinephrine requirements and ultimately transitioned
215 tions for a selective serotonin or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor between conception and
216 antidepressant, is a selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor in humans, and this dr
217 ctive serotonin reuptake inhibitor/serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor prescription before or
218 ctive serotonin reuptake inhibitor/serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor use and 11 studies rep
219 ctive serotonin reuptake inhibitor/serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor users, but uncertainty
222 eceptor agonist, opioid antagonist, dopamine-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, and glucagon-like pep
223 scitalopram and sertraline and the serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, venlafaxine-extended
224 rotonin reuptake inhibitors or serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (collectively: SSRIs)
226 tonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), and placebo
227 nin reuptake inhibitors [SSRIs] or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors [SNRIs], tricyclic or
229 ctive serotonin reuptake inhibitor/serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors are among the most co
230 ctive serotonin reuptake inhibitor/serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors in critically ill pat
231 ctive serotonin reuptake inhibitor/serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors previously or during
232 ctive serotonin reuptake inhibitor/serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors were continued in ICU
233 use of tricyclic antidepressants, serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, and voltage-gated ca
234 e dopamine-dense nucleus accumbens (NAc) and norepinephrine-rich ventral bed nucleus of the stria ter
237 e amine neurotransmitters, such as dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin, and trace amines, relies in p
240 tals that demonstrated at least 1 quarter of norepinephrine shortage in 2011, norepinephrine use amon
241 ion between admission to a hospital during a norepinephrine shortage quarter and in-hospital mortalit
243 c shock in US hospitals affected by the 2011 norepinephrine shortage, the most commonly administered
245 ta support reciprocal roles for dopamine and norepinephrine signaling during drug exposure and withdr
247 c neurons innervating the gut muscularis and norepinephrine signaling to beta2 adrenergic receptors o
249 d to the following groups: control, esmolol, norepinephrine (started at 18 hr after the surgery), and
250 smolol (started at 4 hr after the surgery) + norepinephrine (started at 18 hr after the surgery).
251 pressed higher levels of beta2-AR and RANKL; norepinephrine stimulation further increased their RANKL
253 chnologies highlight how the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system can now be targeted with increased
254 ery and maintain basal activity of the brain norepinephrine system in the absence of stress are not f
255 ts that sensitization of the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system may underlie behavioral and autono
256 was associated with activity of the central norepinephrine system, estimated using pupilometry, for
257 dulatory systems, such as the locus ceruleus-norepinephrine system, which send diffuse projections to
261 (ACO2) activity are elevated by epinephrine/norepinephrine that are blocked by the antioxidant N-ace
262 c neurotransmitters, such as epinephrine and norepinephrine, that are known to increase virulence in
263 we discuss the potential detrimental role of norepinephrine, the cornerstone treatment for septic sho
264 associated with a 2011 national shortage of norepinephrine, the first-line vasopressor for septic sh
267 nsfusion of shed blood, fluid resuscitation, norepinephrine titrated to maintain mean arterial pressu
268 f differences in the ability of dopamine and norepinephrine to activate different human D4R variants.
271 The brainstem locus coeruleus (LC) supplies norepinephrine to the forebrain and degenerates in Alzhe
272 y an optimal binding frequency (371.1 Hz) of norepinephrine to the immobilized enzyme on a gold disk
274 th retroviral vectors encoding for the human norepinephrine transporter (hNET), human sodium-iodide s
278 we demonstrated a role for p38 MAPK-mediated norepinephrine transporter (NET) Thr(30) phosphorylation
280 e five putatively functional variants of the norepinephrine transporter (SLC6A2, NET) and serotonin t
281 techolamine levels and neural gain using the norepinephrine transporter blocker atomoxetine and demon
282 thalmic solution, a rho-kinase inhibitor and norepinephrine transporter inhibitor, in patients with o
284 d that is a potent inhibitor of dopamine and norepinephrine transporters that achieves stable plasma
285 transporters (i.e., serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine transporters) have been implicated as pla
286 DHD), which blocks dopamine transporters and norepinephrine transporters, ameliorated the behavioral
287 rrent in vitro and animal data indicate that norepinephrine treatment exerts immunosuppressive and ba
288 ceptor activation had higher skeletal muscle norepinephrine turnover, indicating an increased SNS dri
290 inephrine transporter (NET) is essential for norepinephrine uptake at the synaptic terminals and adre
291 The 5-HT uptake inhibitor fluoxetine and the norepinephrine uptake inhibitor desipramine failed to re
292 quarter of norepinephrine shortage in 2011, norepinephrine use among cohort patients declined from 7
293 al in 2011 during which the hospital rate of norepinephrine use decreased by more than 20% from basel
294 Healthcare Database with a baseline rate of norepinephrine use of at least 60% for patients with sep
295 owth factor-1 were positively associated and norepinephrine was negatively associated with hindlimb w
296 utput was decreased during withdrawal, while norepinephrine was released in the vBNST during specific
298 e hormones/neurotransmitters epinephrine and norepinephrine which are found in the nervous system and
299 rine could have a fundamental advantage over norepinephrine with respect to their immunologic propert
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