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1 year, an order of magnitude higher than for nuclear DNA.
2 ut shared many haplotypes with the latter at nuclear DNA.
3 polymorphism is linked to differences in the nuclear DNA.
4 ation from organellar DNA in preparations of nuclear DNA.
5 , precluding their use on most alignments of nuclear DNA.
6 3 subunits encoded by both mitochondrial and nuclear DNA.
7 us, whereas APOBEC3A alone efficiently edits nuclear DNA.
8 II trials; however, all of these target only nuclear DNA.
9 ferent subunits encoded by mitochondrial and nuclear DNA.
10 different cells possess variable amounts of nuclear DNA.
11 ove approximately 20 muM, the complex images nuclear DNA.
12 ithful replication of both mitochondrial and nuclear DNA.
13 nstrating the inaccessibility of most of the nuclear DNA.
14 include components that are not specified by nuclear DNA.
15 D4-PLAG1; a fusion between mitochondrial and nuclear DNA.
16 n be caused by mutations in mitochondrial or nuclear DNA.
17 H 3) 2} 1,2-intrastrand d(GpG) cross-link in nuclear DNA.
18 thelia is associated with the degradation of nuclear DNA.
19 reactive oxygen species and fragmentation of nuclear DNA.
20 d Chk1/Chk2 phosphorylation and release from nuclear DNA.
21 mount of the triphosphate form (L-OddCTP) in nuclear DNA.
22 ation, and oligonucleosomal fragmentation of nuclear DNA.
23 roapoptotic protein Bax and fragmentation of nuclear DNA.
24 effects of ferritin iron on the integrity of nuclear DNA.
25 ften enriched in the cytoplasm away from the nuclear DNA.
26 -characterized function is repair of damaged nuclear DNA.
27 r of indels made during replication of yeast nuclear DNA.
28 ell explored in central Europe using ancient nuclear DNA [1, 2], its genetic impact on northern and e
29 was found in 5 cases (mean ratio of mtDNA to nuclear DNA: 239 [95% CI, 217-239] vs 179 [95% CI, 165-1
32 and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI)] or nuclear DNA [adenine nucleotide translocator 1 (ANT1) an
35 ntimicrobial strategy comprising decondensed nuclear DNA and associated histones that are extruded in
36 e range of likely APOBEC3 targets to include nuclear DNA and endogenous retroelements, which have pat
37 iminate invading microorganisms by expelling nuclear DNA and histones to form extracellular web-like
39 essential to prevent uracil accumulation in nuclear DNA and indicate that SHMT1-mediated nuclear de
42 c mouse strains were generated: one with ALR nuclear DNA and NOD mtDNA (ALR.mt(NOD)) and the reciproc
43 ukaryotes (polymerases delta and epsilon for nuclear DNA and polymerase gamma for mitochondrial) are
44 d on the newly synthesized leading strand of nuclear DNA and were present upstream of (G+C)-rich trac
45 Although iPSCs and nt-ESCs shared the same nuclear DNA and yet carried different sources of mitocho
48 The amplicon curves for mitochondrial and nuclear DNA, and the correlations among the curves, were
51 anism by which Ty1 integrase gains access to nuclear DNA as a model for how other retroelements, incl
52 nters the nucleus and reacts with its target nuclear DNA, as determined by platinum atomic absorption
53 t dendritic cells (DCs) can uptake and sense nuclear DNA-associated entities released by dying cells
56 t that ribonucleotides are incorporated into nuclear DNA beyond their role in priming Okazaki fragmen
59 otein (HMGB1), originally characterized as a nuclear DNA-binding protein, has also been described to
60 rison of cells with identical oocyte-derived nuclear DNA but different mtDNA shows that either mtDNA
63 not only are ribonucleotides present in the nuclear DNA, but that they can be incorporated by at lea
64 long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are encoded by nuclear DNA, but the mechanisms that mediate their trans
65 esults showed that the copy numbers of viral nuclear DNA can vary by as much as 1.8 orders of magnitu
66 en species (ROS) and the decondensing of the nuclear DNA catalyzed by peptidyl arginine deiminase-4.
67 ransferred gene has integrated into sea slug nuclear DNA comes from the finding of a highly diverged
68 l triggering of endocycles results in higher nuclear DNA content (C value) that in some cases has bee
70 use mutants to show that a 16-fold change in nuclear DNA content does not influence the relative size
71 on, as a link in coordinating cell shape and nuclear DNA content in endoreplicated Arabidopsis tricho
72 QF-PCR with flow cytometric determination of nuclear DNA content indicated near perfect agreement bet
77 t visualization and estimation of changes in nuclear-DNA content in live cells during their developme
83 espond to age-related increases in oxidative nuclear DNA damage by forming DNA damage repair foci; ho
84 ased nuclear localization of cDDP, increased nuclear DNA damage by platination, and increased apoptos
85 drial ROS, however, did not cause detectable nuclear DNA damage even when base excision repair was bl
91 ngiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase orchestrates nuclear DNA damage responses but is proposed to be invol
93 ron's protective effect against H2O2-induced nuclear DNA damage was greater than the cellular antioxi
95 PCR-based measurements of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA damage, mtDNA damage was preferentially note
96 We propose that in addition to NO-mediated nuclear DNA damage, the hypoxia-induced increased ratio
97 ial protein oxidation, and mitochondrial and nuclear DNA damage, without interfering with mitochondri
103 oint mutation of mitochondrial DNA or with a nuclear DNA defect (44% and 52%, respectively; P<0.001).
104 only independent predictor associated with a nuclear DNA defect (P=0.002; odds ratio 8.43, 95% confid
107 l feature in mitochondrial disease caused by nuclear DNA defects and single, large-scale mitochondria
114 BEC3A with a TRIB3 expression vector reduced nuclear DNA editing whereas siRNA knockdown of TRIB3 inc
115 A knockdown of TRIB3 increased the levels of nuclear DNA editing, indicating that TRIB3 functioned as
116 ervation may yield substantial quantities of nuclear DNA, enabling novel applications of ancient DNA
117 -binding factor 1), that associated with the nuclear DNA-encoded lncRNA RMRP and mobilized it to mito
118 n adipocytes similarly induced expression of nuclear DNA-encoded mitochondrial ETC genes, including t
119 tion, the basal expression levels of several nuclear DNA-encoded oxidative damage responsive genes wh
120 ith mutations in the gene NDUFS4, encoding a nuclear DNA-encoded subunit of CI (NADH dehydrogenase ub
121 I) and subcellular organelles (mitochondria, nuclear DNA, etc.) not known to affect either focal adhe
124 sults demonstrated there were alterations in nuclear DNA expression and DNA methylation driven by mtD
127 esults suggest that mitochondrial damage and nuclear DNA fragmentation are likely to be critical even
129 O-mediated expression of the Bax protein and nuclear DNA fragmentation in the cerebral cortex of newb
130 al release of apoptosis inducing factor, and nuclear DNA fragmentation resulting in centrilobular nec
131 this leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and nuclear DNA fragmentation, resulting in necrotic cell de
132 ase [GDH] and mitochondrial DNA [mtDNA]) and nuclear DNA fragments were measured in plasma from APAP-
135 r body transfer: all involve the transfer of nuclear DNA from an egg or zygote containing defective m
137 rial Nuclear eXchange mice, that contain the nuclear DNA from one inbred mouse strain, and the mtDNA
140 at low levels of genetic capture of maternal nuclear DNA from other species occur within otherwise an
142 lude the possibility that some mitochondrial-nuclear DNA fusions observed in cancer occurred years ea
143 chondrial genome encompasses over a thousand nuclear DNA genes plus hundreds to thousands of copies o
144 pecific targeting of the metalloinsertors to nuclear DNA gives rise to their cell-selective cytotoxic
145 Furthermore, interplay between mtDNA and nuclear DNA has been found in cancer cells, necessitatin
146 nor nuclei into recipient oocytes, whose own nuclear DNA has been removed, can result in large number
147 a result of DNA damage, mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA has been shown to enter the cytoplasm where
148 nscription and nucleotide excision repair of nuclear DNA, however, whether or not XPD exerts similar
149 at antiviral therapy leads to a reduction in nuclear DNA in a manner consistent with symmetrical dist
150 nd apoptotic cells, but whether C1q binds to nuclear DNA in apoptotic cells remains to be investigate
157 Deletion of DNase1L2 causes retention of nuclear DNA in the tongue epithelium but not in the skin
158 tochondrial myopathies are due to defects in nuclear DNA, including coenzyme Q10 deficiency and mutat
159 tochondrial myopathies are due to defects in nuclear DNA, including coenzyme Q10 deficiency, and muta
161 mice exhibited decreased levels of uracil in nuclear DNA, indicating enhanced de novo thymidylate syn
163 ced enhancement of ROS formation, attenuated nuclear DNA injury, reduced the activation of the nuclea
164 iscordance between mitochondrial (mtDNA) and nuclear DNA introgression detected in North American pop
166 hysical studies and a significant portion of nuclear DNA is compacted, a unique effect different from
172 euchromatin comprises only 25% of the tomato nuclear DNA, it is sufficient to account for approximate
173 acene (DMBA), cisplatin and etoposide induce nuclear DNA leakage into the cytosol that intrinsically
174 Here, we review evidence linking aging to nuclear DNA lesions: DNA damage accumulates with age, an
175 nt correlations were observed between plasma nuclear DNA levels and ex vivo cytokine production.
178 d 467 amplified fragment-length polymorphism nuclear DNA markers, we show that the introduced white s
180 ed to uncouple the inheritance of mtDNA from nuclear DNA may enable affected women to have a genetica
183 bred mouse strain to examine the genome-wide nuclear DNA methylation and gene expression patterns of
184 tosis and micronucleus formation, by loss of nuclear DNA methylation, and by an increased fraction of
185 sial; whether DNMT2 functions primarily as a nuclear DNA methyltransferase or as a cytoplasmic tRNA m
186 We found non-coincident clines in mtDNA and nuclear DNA, mirroring directionality of premating isola
189 es, despite evidence both compounds increase nuclear DNA mutations and demonstrated B[a]P adduct form
190 luated the minimum prevalence of symptomatic nuclear DNA mutations and symptomatic and asymptomatic m
192 The mitochondria are assembled from both nuclear DNA (nDNA) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genes.
193 ernally inherited mtDNA, the more than 1,000 nuclear DNA (nDNA) bioenergetic genes, and the epigenomi
195 bled from both mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and nuclear DNA (nDNA) encoded subunits, with complex I enco
196 genase (GDH), mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), and nuclear DNA (nDNA) fragments can be measured in circulat
197 an evolve different anatomical forms through nuclear DNA (nDNA) mutations permitting exploitation of
202 such as doxorubicin (DXR), intercalate into nuclear DNA of cancer cells, thereby inhibiting their gr
203 an epigenetic modification of thymine in the nuclear DNA of flagellated protozoa of the order Kinetop
204 l-hydroxymethyluracil) was discovered in the nuclear DNA of some pathogenic protozoa, such as trypano
205 itively shown to originate from mutations in nuclear DNA or mitochondrial DNA, repair of oxidized, sa
206 Therefore, partial defects in either the nuclear DNA or mtDNA genes or combinations of the two ca
211 lear antigen (PCNA), the auxiliary factor of nuclear DNA polymerases, plays an important role in regu
213 used whole blood to analyze mitochondrial-to-nuclear DNA ratio (mtDNA/nDNA) using quantitative polyme
214 s, as evidenced by elevated mitochondrial-to-nuclear DNA ratio and increased expression of the mitoch
216 ases in mitochondrial mass, mitochondrial-to-nuclear DNA ratios, and both nuclear and mitochondrial e
220 However, Lig3 inactivation did not result in nuclear DNA repair deficiency, indicating essential DNA
223 d in detection of a protein complex with the nuclear DNA repair regulator MRE11 in both cell lines, a
224 These results suggest that, contrary to nuclear DNA repair, mitochondrial DNA repair is not able
226 with HAT1 knock-down display mitosis without nuclear DNA replication and also specific de-repression
227 C6-interacting factors also act in T. brucei nuclear DNA replication and demonstrate that TbORC1/CDC6
228 2) is essential in RNA primer removal during nuclear DNA replication and is important in repairing UV
229 an DNA2, originally identified in yeast as a nuclear DNA replication and repair factor, functions exc
230 Early embryonic development features rapid nuclear DNA replication cycles, but lacks mtDNA replicat
231 n MMR in light of increasing knowledge about nuclear DNA replication enzymology and the rate and spec
232 aintain genome stability, mismatch repair of nuclear DNA replication errors must be directed to the n
233 Perhaps surprisingly, our understanding of nuclear DNA replication in kinetoplastids was limited un
234 study, we show that TbOrc1 is essential for nuclear DNA replication in mammalian-infectious bloodstr
236 liest acting components of the kinetoplastid nuclear DNA replication machinery - the factors that dem
240 isiae homologs, Pif1p and Rrm3p, function in nuclear DNA replication, telomere length regulation, and
243 anscript levels of mitochondrial DNA but not nuclear DNA respiratory complex subunits, suggesting act
245 interferon-inducible protein IFI16 acts as a nuclear DNA sensor following HCMV infection, binding vir
246 reveal that KSHV utilizes the innate immune nuclear DNA sensor IFI16 to maintain its latency and rep
248 nted the standard barcoding locus (COI) with nuclear DNA sequence data (ITS2) and analyzed congruence
249 al description, as well as mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequence data, from another molar (Denisova
252 imescale derived from analyses of multilocus nuclear DNA sequences for Holarctic genera of plethodont
253 amined approximately 32 kilobases of aligned nuclear DNA sequences from 19 independent loci for 169 s
257 clade "Syngnathiformes" following the latest nuclear DNA studies with some revisions on the included
259 ncient mitochondrial genomes and genome-wide nuclear DNA surveys to reveal that the wisent is the pro
268 incorporated in mitochondrial DNA, while in nuclear DNA the ribonucleotide pattern was only altered
270 learly distributes genome-wide in vertebrate nuclear DNA, the state of methylation in the vertebrate
272 re formed when neutrophils externalize their nuclear DNA together with antimicrobial granule proteins
275 PPD crystal-stimulated neutrophils and their nuclear DNA undergo morphological changes characteristic
278 plains a proportion of the mitochondrial and nuclear DNA variation among moths on different species o
279 the cytokine's activated state) and also to nuclear DNA via its N-terminal CCP module pair (CCP1/2),
281 i's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), a nuclear DNA virus, inhibits mRNA export in a transcript-
283 platin 1,2-intrastrand d(GpG) cross-links on nuclear DNA was confirmed by using a monoclonal antibody
284 in 1,2-intrastrand d(GpG) cross-links on the nuclear DNA was demonstrated by use of a monoclonal anti
286 Relative mtDNA copy number as compared with nuclear DNA was measured by quantitative real-time polym
290 esions per 10 kb per genome in the mtDNA and nuclear DNA were measured with long-extension polymerase
292 0-fold increase in uracil content in hepatic nuclear DNA when fed a folate- and choline-deficient die
294 responsible for the anticancer activity, is nuclear DNA, which is packaged in nucleosomes that compr
295 e mechanism, mitaplatin thereby attacks both nuclear DNA with cisplatin and mitochondria with DCA sel
296 e were bred to female MNX mice having FVB/NJ nuclear DNA with either FVB/NJ, C57BL/6J, or BALB/cJ mtD
297 il extracellular traps (NETs), consisting of nuclear DNA with histones and microbicidal proteins, are
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