ライフサイエンスコーパス: odor

1 d at birth disrupts responses to an aversive odor.

2 se grain and well-perceivable sour taste and odor.

3 uppressed upon repeated exposure to the same odor.

4 P1 in five patients with cabbage-like breath odor.

5 can be triggered by a lateralized source of odor.

6 an) which attributed to strong pungent fishy odor.

7 to choose the high intensity of the nonsated odor.

8 decreases in the animal's attraction to that odor.

9 to mixtures of two odors than to individual odors.

10 mone as a blend against a background of food odors.

11 g <100 ms after inhalation onset to identify odors.

12 d, leading to improved pattern separation of odors.

13 the detection of and response to AWC sensed odors.

14 ry receptor neurons in terms of a mixture of odors.

15 erforms better than other models at demixing odors.

16 tically depend on the ability to identify an odor across a wide range of concentrations.

17 The most potent odor-active compounds fully or tentatively identified we

18 Odor-active compounds of leaves were characterized by GC

19 A total of 73 odor-active compounds were listed based on GC-O.

20 re correlated with corresponding profiles of odor-active compounds, determined using gas chromatograp

21 e vapour pressure, the molecular weight, the Odor Activity Value (OAV) and the number of double bonds

22 Furthermore, acetaldehyde had the greatest odor activity value of up to 4266.

23 The calculated Odor Activity Values were used to establish significant

24 were quantitated by GC-mass spectrometry and odor-activity values (OAVs) determined.

25 Odors almost never occur in isolation, and different odo

26 Sickness status presented by odor and facial photograph resulted in increased neural

27 Each receptor should respond to half of all odors and (ii) the response of different receptors shoul

28 n the OB increases glomerular sensitivity to odors and decreases activation thresholds.

29 mitral cells adapt to continuous background odors and how target odors are encoded on top of such ba

30 roducing volatile phenols that result in off-odors and loss of fruity sensorial qualities.

31 ory neurons is an exponential for nearly all odors and odor mixtures, with the mean rate dependent on

32 ny dietary benefits, but due to their strong odors and rapid deterioration, their application in food

33 s: Approximately 15% of cells are excited by odor, and another approximately 15% have their spontaneo

34 tation to short (thirty minute) exposures of odor, and contains a candidate PKG phosphorylation site

35 Aroma attributes of fishy odor, frying odor, and rancid odor predominantly contributed to the s

36 ensorial features such as consistency, stale odor, and sour odor, increased their intensity during st

37 areas are equally capable of discriminating odors, and exhibit similar odor tuning, reliability, and

38 h resulted in increased neural activation of odor- and face-perception networks, respectively.

39 Here, we tested how background odors are encoded by mitral cells (MCs) in the olfactory

40 propose that distinct perceptual features of odors are encoded in independent subnetworks of neurons

41 o continuous background odors and how target odors are encoded on top of such background.

42 y, which could have a powerful impact on how odors are perceived.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT We examined a

43 o neural activity), it must figure out which odors are present in the world.

44 the sensor array in detecting mouth and skin odor as a potential tool for portable diagnosis of trime

45 y compound that was described with divergent odor attributes, namely musty, rotten and coconut-like.

46 eveloped conditioned flavor (i.e., taste and odor) aversion to intravenously self-administered (IVSA)

47 tegration (i.e., sniffing longer to identify odors better).

48 hoices toward the low intensity of the sated odor but continued to choose the high intensity of the n

49 re altered after the meal for the sated food odor but retained for the nonsated counterpart.

50 ar odors, so that behaviors learned from one odor can be applied when a similar odor is experienced.

51 Once learned under anesthesia, a novel odor can no longer re-activate the same high-level trans

52 e monomolecular odorants whose difference in odor cannot be quantified.

53 baclofen reduced pattern separation between odor categories in orbitofrontal cortex, and impeded wit

54 and Carlson and shown that the combinatorial odor code supplied by the fruit fly antenna is a very si

55 Our results show clear differences in odor coding based on the immediate history of the stimul

56 Our results support the argument that odor coding in the olfactory bulb depends on the recent

57 st a few studies have addressed the issue of odor coding on top of continuous odorous backgrounds.

58 activity patterns play a fundamental role in odor coding.

59 e about the influence of these modalities on odor coding.

60 thought to play distinct functional roles in odor coding.

61 ngle olfactory sensory neurons increases the odor-coding capacity, providing a means of efficient sen

62 In a subset of odor combinations, this history-dependent processing was

63 A blood odor component, E2D, has been shown to trigger approach

64 ange substantially over a 100-fold change in odor concentration, apparently degrading the population

65 ixtures, with the mean rate dependent on the odor concentration.

66 Our data are consistent in both low and high odor concentrations and in anesthetized and awake mice.

67 with stress in a neutral-but not a predator odor-context.

68 Accurate identification of the odor-contributing compounds in aqueous slurries of rice

69 by a thick brown crust, with marked toasted odor, coupled to yellow and consistent crumb, with coars

70 an animal's ability to locate the source of odor cues in realistic turbulent environments-a common t

71 ives hardwired inputs that may link specific odor cues to innate olfactory behaviors.

72 equate surrogate for actual knowledge of the odors cuing the canine, but canines are easily exposed t

73 epending on when it is activated relative to odor delivery.

74 se of noise and the large number of possible odors, demixing is fundamentally a probabilistic inferen

75 ally observed improvements in near-threshold odor detection and discrimination.

76 ability, reproducibility and specificity for odor detection, and particularly, the high sensitivity f

77 d provide a limited understanding of primary odor detection.

78 Intriguingly, during active odor discrimination learning, mitral but not tufted cell

79 e main olfactory bulb and strongly influence odor discrimination, detection, and learning.

80 ys an important role, especially during fine odor discrimination.

81 s granule cells, function to facilitate fine odor discrimination.

82 e in odor processing, especially during fine odor discrimination.

83 n produces two types of spatially dispersed, odor-distinctive patterns of responses in piriform corte

84 tive mechanisms for the generation of innate odor-driven behaviors and additional roles for the plCoA

85 lts demonstrate that brain regions mediating odor-driven innate behaviors can, like brain areas invol

86 Novel odors elicit strong activity in output neurons (MBONs) o

87 One potential stimulus is "odor" emanating from settlement sites (e.g., coral reefs

88 Previous studies have reported that food odors enhance flies' behavioral response to cVA, specifi

89 g by a lack of understanding of the canine's odor environment, which is dynamic and typically contain

90 developing an evaluation method based on the odor environment.

91 espiration revealed that exhalation preceded odor-evoked activity and reversible inactivation of olfa

92 the amygdala nonetheless strongly suppressed odor-evoked activity in GABAergic inhibitory interneuron

93 tionship, we used optical imaging to observe odor-evoked activity in populations of olfactory bulb in

94 eural activity upon familiarization requires odor-evoked activity in the dopaminergic neuron innervat

95 in both olfactory and orbitofrontal cortical odor-evoked activity, which is expressed in a performanc

96 We show that D. sechellia exhibits derived odor-evoked attraction and physiological sensitivity to

97 Odor-evoked Ca(2+) responses showed net facilitation acr

98 While odor-evoked excitation in peripheral olfactory cells is

99 nstrated that a bidirectional code with both odor-evoked inhibition and excitation in single olfactor

100 Remarkably, this odor-evoked inhibition of olfactory sensory neurons elic

101 molecular mechanism and functional roles of odor-evoked inhibition remain largely unknown.

102 odor identity can be made solely using early odor-evoked neural activity.

103 s in the patterning of plCoA and PCx inputs, odor-evoked neural ensembles in both areas are equally c

104 NE into the OB modulate both spontaneous and odor-evoked neural responses.

105 haviors from attraction to avoidance, as did odor-evoked olfactory sensory neuron excitation.

106 lb mitral and tufted cells display different odor-evoked responses and are thought to form parallel c

107 ntensities and distinct temporal patterns of odor-evoked responses in MCs and TCs emerge in part due

108 e cAMP generated during conditioning affects odor-evoked responses in the MB.

109 Functionally, odor-evoked responses of mitral cells, which are normall

110 ificant alterations in their spontaneous and odor-evoked spiking properties.

111 Our results show that, by allowing odor-evoked suppression as well as excitation, the respo

112 inactivation preferentially strengthened the odor-evoked synaptic output of weakly activated populati

113 Moreover, exposure of a fly to novel odors evokes an alerting response that can also be elici

114 most never occur in isolation, and different odors excite overlapping populations of olfactory recept

115 y early life stress associated with predator odor exposure (POE) within the developing rat amygdala.

116 Here we show that odor exposure during STFP, but not unconditioned odor ex

117 ion of Orco(S289) that occurs upon prolonged odor exposure is a mechanism underlying reduction in odo

118 Early postnatal odor exposure to acetophenone, a ligand of M72 olfactory

119 exposure during STFP, but not unconditioned odor exposure, induces glomerulus-specific long-term pot

120 lp (MP-OSNs) using a large number of natural odor extracts to identify novel ligands for each MP-OSN

121 kwheat and cloudberry-bog honeys with strong odor, flavor and color were regarded as unfamiliar and u

122 e found that rat dams conditioned to fear an odor, froze when tested alone, whereas if pups were pres

123 Aroma attributes of fishy odor, frying odor, and rancid odor predominantly contrib

124 gh phosphorylation at S289 are defective for odor-guided behavior.

125 ly delayed rewards as they performed a novel odor-guided intertemporal choice task.

126 t of time that rats and mice use to identify odors have led to some disagreements about odor-processi

127 id and neurodegeneration are correlated with odor identification (OI) in the population-based Mayo Cl

128 e the sensory integration time necessary for odor identification and demonstrate that animals can use

129 ey disease associated with increased odds of odor identification deficits (odds ratio, 4.80; 95% conf

130 rt and proton secretion activator) increased odor identification score in five out of seven (71%) pat

131 A reduction in odor identification score was associated with higher sub

132 We quantified odor identification, odor threshold, and subjective odor

133 acilitate non-interfering representations of odor identity and intensity in piriform cortex.

134 ite considerable trial-to-trial variability, odor identity can accurately be decoded from ensembles o

135 cy coding" scheme is that decisions based on odor identity can be made solely using early odor-evoked

136 hat this problem can be resolved by decoding odor identity from a subpopulation of concentration-inva

137 Odor identity is encoded by combinatorial patterns of ac

138 ere, we use calcium imaging to determine how odor identity is encoded in olfactory cortex.

139 intain a relatively stable representation of odor identity over the tested concentration range, even

140 ivated is sufficient to accurately represent odor identity, with no additional information about iden

141 ors forms a code for concentration-invariant odor identity.

142 y degrading the population representation of odor identity.

143 hat there were no significant differences in odor impressions from the parent monoterpenes and their

144 entical to those triggered by the full blood odor in mammalian carnivores and as such, is a key candi

145 Prolonged exposure to an AWC sensed odor in the absence of food leads to reversible decrease

146 Finally, pups exposed to the odor in the presence of the conditioned dam later froze

147 between social lives and ability to identify odors in a large sample of nationally representative old

148 ed with 16 odors in one context and the same odors in a second context.

149 ted selective devaluation of appetizing food odors in combination with pattern-based neuroimaging and

150 rpegnathos saltator for responses to general odors in comparison to cuticular hydrocarbons which can

151 ium imaging, we studied how MCs responded to odors in isolation versus their responses to the same od

152 Rats were presented with 16 odors in one context and the same odors in a second cont

153 mitral and tufted cells to best discriminate odors in separate concentration ranges, indicating that

154 s emit dramatically increased amounts of fly odors, including the aggregation pheromones methyl laura

155 es such as consistency, stale odor, and sour odor, increased their intensity during storage.

156 ship was noted between rancidity indices and odor index (R(2)>0.85).

157 ymers (TGDP), among others) and e-nose based odor index.

158 (OB), glomeruli are the functional units for odor information coding, but inhibition among glomeruli

159 est a flat, non-hierarchical organization in odor information processing.

160 Rats may extend sampling time to integrate odor information up to approximately 0.5 s (2-6 sniffs).

161 eripheral olfactory cells is known to encode odor information, the molecular mechanism and functional

162 We report that nearly all odors inhibit these cells, likely through connections ma

163 se" and highlight how substantially degraded odor input can be transformed to yield meaningful olfact

164 The resulting models accurately predicted odor intensity and pleasantness and also successfully pr

165 Instead, odor intensity can be encoded by temporal features of th

166 Response to fungal odors involves the olfactory neuron AWCs.

167 from one odor can be applied when a similar odor is experienced.

168 teral ORNs, providing a structural basis for odor lateralization behavior.

169 in reversal learning- in rats performing an odor learning and reversal task.

170 In contrast, novel appetitive odor learning is sensitive to inactivation of adult-born

171 behaviors can, like brain areas involved in odor learning, represent odor objects using distributive

172 embles of neurons that act as substrates for odor learning.

173 Rats sample odors longer in a go/no-go (GNG) than in a two-alternati

174 Rats sample odors longer in GNG than in TAC, even when they know bot

175 nt contribution of OSNs to the generation of odor maps.

176 es become yellow or disintegrate, and an off-odor may develop.

177 ary olfactory cortex - a region critical for odor memory and perception- and orbitofrontal cortex (OF

178 ived volatile metabolites identified several odors mimicking food cues attractive to nematodes.

179 conserved chemosensory cue within the blood odor mixture.

180 Because SMELL-S uses odor mixtures rather than a single molecule, odor-specif

181 s is an exponential for nearly all odors and odor mixtures, with the mean rate dependent on the odor

182 mary sensory neurons that physically contact odor molecules in the nose and provide the initial senso

183 ory domain, pattern-based representations of odor objects are encoded in piriform cortex.

184 n areas involved in odor learning, represent odor objects using distributive population codes; these

185 ponding exclusively to taste (taste-only) or odor (odor-only), or bimodal, responding to both gustato

186 The odor of ammonia is attractive to many insects, including

187 These cues vary between species, but the odor of blood seems to be an exception and suggests the

188 in many cases, also affecting the taste and odor of drinking water and promoting the corrosion of pi

189 compounds responsible for the characteristic odor of lion MF.

190 id oxidation derived odorants to the overall odor of rice proteins.

191 isolation versus their responses to the same odors on top of continuous backgrounds.

192 g exclusively to taste (taste-only) or odor (odor-only), or bimodal, responding to both gustatory and

193 ether a given molecule will have a perceived odor or what olfactory percept it will produce.

194 1; 95% CI 1.08-1.59), while exposure to mold odor (OR 1.29; 95% CI 1.03-1.62) and visible mold (OR 1.

195 ing was useful in helping to identify target odors over background.

196 d when co-presented with the uninfected host odors, overriding attraction to uninfected hosts.

197 ating a meal corresponding to one of the two odors, participants switched choices toward the low inte

198 enabling each area to play a unique role in odor perception and behavior.

199 puts, though their relative contributions to odor perception are poorly understood.

200 entification, odor threshold, and subjective odor perception in a cohort (n=161) comprising 36 partic

201 Odor perception in mammals is mediated by parallel senso

202 aviors and additional roles for the plCoA in odor perception.

203 In the absence of applied odors, piriform neurons exhibit spontaneous firing at me

204 ch scale-invariance could be critical during odor plume navigation.

205 Relatively high odor potency was observed for 1-octen-3-one, (E)-2-octen

206 butes of fishy odor, frying odor, and rancid odor predominantly contributed to the sensory evaluation

207 We show that MCs adapt to continuous odor presentation and that mixture responses are differe

208 e (STFP), mice form long-term memory of food odors presented by a social partner.

209 rs should be uncorrelated when averaged over odors presented with natural statistics.

210 ources and is a concern due to its taste and odor problems, as well as its toxicity.

211 subtype, the granule cell, is excited during odor processing beyond the unusual anatomical arraignmen

212 Thus, odor processing in the OB is strongly influenced by the

213 onal measurements of olfactory health assess odor processing pathways within the brain and provide a

214 the olfactory bulb (OB) play a major role in odor processing, especially during fine odor discriminat

215 y odors have led to some disagreements about odor-processing mechanics, including whether or not rode

216 nna is a very simple one in which nearly all odors produce, statistically, the same neuronal response

217 All compounds were tested for their odor qualities and odor thresholds in air, revealing tha

218 substance class, odor thresholds in air and odor qualities of guaiacol and its alkylated, alkenylate

219 he perception of concentration invariance of odor quality.Humans and animals recognize an odorant acr

220 Upon odorant binding, odor receptors couple to G-protein activating adenylyl c

221 romas while red wines were marked by intense odor reminiscent of green, herbaceous notes but also fig

222 piriform cortex extends the dynamic range of odor representation and enriches the coding space for th

223 Decoding analyses indicate that cortical odor representations are not sparse.

224 High-variance, slow-timescale primary odor representations are transformed by bulbar circuitry

225 opulations showed reorganization of ensemble odor representations yet stable pattern separation acros

226 teractions between two ecologically relevant odors, representing food and sex.

227 Both output populations displayed similar odor response profiles.

228 is or oxidative phospholylation impaired the odor response.

229 Odor responses in GCs were temporally diverse and spatia

230 Using multi-electrode array recordings of odor responses in the olfactory bulb, we find that conce

231 We propose that NE enhances odor responses not through direct potentiation of the af

232 The basis for host odor responses resides in olfactory receptor neurons (OR

233 ates olfactory bulb spontaneous activity and odor responses so as to generate an increased signal-to-

234 were also excited by raphe activation, their odor responses were bidirectionally modulated, leading t

235 Odor responses were confirmed to result from retronasal

236 lfactory appetitive conditioning enhanced MB odor responses, mimicking the cAMP-dependent plasticity

237 Using in vivo calcium imaging of odor responses, we compared functional responses of both

238 fted cells at rest and potentiation of their odor responses.

239 ow identity-specific representations of food odor reward are updated by satiety.

240 Rodents sniff in response to novel odors, reward expectation, and as part of social interac

241 intensity versions of two value-matched food odor rewards.

242 echnology, dogs actively sniff to acquire an odor sample.

243 Facial photographs and body odor samples were taken from the same donors when "sick"

244 Odor-sampling time is extended in both tasks when the od

245 hly overlapping, sensory input patterns into odor-selective population responses.

246 te PKG phosphorylation site required to tune odor sensitivity.

247 contribute individually to mint and coconut odors, sensory studies suggested for the first time that

248 es the brain associate a social context with odor signals to promote memory encoding?

249 similar neural activity patterns to similar odors, so that behaviors learned from one odor can be ap

250 The odor space constructed based on the responses from all t

251 Because of the multidimensional nature of odor space, this ability is particularly important for t

252 odor mixtures rather than a single molecule, odor-specific insensitivity is averaged out, and the tes

253 e local circuitry in this region facilitates odor-specific output is not known, but previous work sug

254 nule cell interconnections to develop highly odor-specific responses that facilitate fine olfactory d

255 Across seven patients, odor stimulation enhanced theta power in human piriform

256 Odor stimulation produces two types of spatially dispers

257 the peripheral temporal resolution in coding odor stimuli and allows for robust olfactory behavior.

258 Second, prior familiarity with odor stimuli can bias smell test performance.

259 ilize these signals to rapidly differentiate odor stimuli.

260 n response to different temporal features of odor stimuli.

261 able to fire APs more faithfully to repeated odor stimuli.

262 These pPAM neurons are acutely necessary for odor-sugar reward learning and require intact TH functio

263 al organization underlying the perception of odors, taste, vision, sound, and gravity.

264 socially desirable when sick, and sick body odors tended to lower liking of the faces.

265 TCs are more sensitive and broadly tuned to odors than MCs and also are much more sensitive to stimu

266 sponding in opposite ways to mixtures of two odors than to individual odors.

267 ioral responses to important classes of host odors that are underrepresented in the AgOr chemical spa

268 , EI (P= 0.001), palatability (P= 0.01), and odor threshold (P= 0.05) were higher at DIET4; relative

269 We found no associations between odor threshold and nutritional parameters.

270 be formed in concentrations higher than its odor threshold concentration, resulting in aesthetic cha

271 on limits (0.45-2.51mug/L) far below sotolon odor threshold for any type of wine.

272 Patients with ESRD exhibited higher odor threshold than the remaining participants exhibited

273 s; however, substantial differences in their odor threshold values were observed, with beta-citronell

274 We quantified odor identification, odor threshold, and subjective odor perception in a coho

275 formation of new metabolites with different odor thresholds and qualities) and/or organisms' health

276 his olfactorily interesting substance class, odor thresholds in air and odor qualities of guaiacol an

277 nds were tested for their odor qualities and odor thresholds in air, revealing that there were no sig

278 The odor thresholds of the compounds were generally very low

279 Many aglycones reached or exceeded their odor thresholds, enriching the flavor of the juice.

280 re easily exposed to unintentional explosive odors through training material cross-contamination.

281 od pellet test when a background of the same odor to the food pellet was present even though they sho

282 ling time is extended in both tasks when the odors to be discriminated are very similar.

283 s for some odors, we are capable of tracking odor trails, and our behavioral and affective states are

284 We support that odor transduction relies on ATP generated by oxidative p

285 r-Fechner relation and occurred primarily at odor transduction, while variance-dependent gain control

286 ry sensory neurons and found that inhibitory odors triggered outward receptor currents by reducing th

287 s generate calcium transients in response to odors, triggering long lasting depolarization of olfacto

288 teral excitation via gap junctions modulates odor tuning in the antennal lobe and drives synergistic

289 of discriminating odors, and exhibit similar odor tuning, reliability, and correlation structure.

290 or neuron subtypes, typically have different odor tuning.

291 sticity of behavioral responses to different odor types according to age, feeding state, circadian rh

292 Corresponding odor values were, 111, 86, 22 and 21, respectively.

293 t in virgin females cVA and the complex food odor vinegar evoke a synergistic response in the cVA-res

294 ore sensitive than rodents and dogs for some odors, we are capable of tracking odor trails, and our b

295 t and discriminate an extraordinary range of odors, we are more sensitive than rodents and dogs for s

296 rounds were highly dominant such that target odors were completely masked by their presence.

297 e for the temporal context of items (whether odors were presented in the correct or incorrect sequent

298 wines with a tendency to develop sulfury off-odors were subjected to three different MOX conditions (

299 eral phases of labile memory to associate an odor with coincident punishment in the mushroom body (MB

300 factory sensory neurons (OSNs), which detect odors within the nasal cavity, would provide insight int