ライフサイエンスコーパス: operant

1 lization of the resultant H2O2 were actually operant.

2 tinction of lever pressing trained as a free operant.

3 mortality even when only innate immunity was operant.

4 from rats trained to perform three different operant actions either in two different sequences or two

5 act of intra-CeA KOR antagonism on escalated operant alcohol self-administration and physiological wi

6 Operant alcohol self-administration and progressive rati

7 nalmefene were more effective in suppressing operant alcohol self-administration in 118GG mice.

8 ome cage two-bottle free-choice drinking and operant alcohol self-administration paradigms.

9 himine (nor-BNI; 0, 2, 4, or 6 mug) prior to operant alcohol self-administration sessions and physiol

10 NCGC00185684 also decreases operant alcohol self-administration, and lowers motivati

11 rs attenuated the stroke-induced increase in operant alcohol self-administration.

12 d (increase or decrease activity) during the operant and consummatory responses in EC than IC rats.

13 Both classical and operant appetitive behavioral training enhance feeding,

14 behaviors of exploration, wheel-running and operant approach responding in different environments co

15 The present experiments used three operant arrangements to assess whether adolescent rats d

16 Although the RC had no operant associations (did not specify the required sacca

17 tic attentional priority regardless of their operant associations, and this valence-specific priority

18 Cannabinoid receptors are functionally operant at both glutamate and GABA synapses on hypothala

19 We previously used an operant-based assay to show that CGRP-sensitized transge

20 Here, using operant-based behavioral paradigms, we demonstrate that

21 ting the reinforcing effect of cocaine in an operant-based self-administration task.

22 Using an operant-based taste cue discrimination/generalization ta

23 mates, we present the development of a novel operant-based two-chamber ID/ED "Operon" task for mice.

24 heral pop-out go cue initiating the required operant behavior and the identification of a target amon

25 BM/SI corticopetal cholinergic lesions alter operant behavior and/or appetitive state, as opposed to

26 context.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Extinguished operant behavior can recover ("renew") when tested outsi

27 However, operant behavior failed at high-dose AMPH, which was due

28 Acquisition of operant behavior for food rewards was delayed in vrDD-DL

29 administration are specific to cocaine or if operant behavior maintained by food or a direct dopamine

30 ial self-stimulation of LH to VTA fibers, an operant behavior mediated by NT 1 receptors (Nts1) and N

31 mechanisms underlying the impact of pain on operant behavior of morphine intake and morphine seeking

32 c role in controlling contextually dependent operant behavior than has been previously reported.

33 Using high- and low-rate operant behavior under a fixed interval (FI) schedule, s

34 dified cocaine-reinforced or food-reinforced operant behavior under similar experimental conditions.

35 However, acquisition of operant behavior was delayed, and their motivation to ob

36 ions to the DMS, which is a crucial site for operant behavior.

37 per day) doses primarily decreased rates of operant behavior.

38 r and robustly facilitated the extinction of operant behavior.

39 e choice up to doses that decreased rates of operant behavior.

40 uiring active suppression of the unpreferred operant behavior.

41 This effect was sufficient to guide operant behavioral choices to avoidance of opioid withdr

42 a single cohort of mice using well-validated operant behavioral paradigms.

43 ere trained to self-administer alcohol using operant behavioral strategies and subjected to intermitt

44 f-administering cocaine preferred to perform operant behaviors on the side of the chamber previously

45 terminals serves as a positive reinforcer on operant behavioural assays.

46 The automated touchscreen operant chamber for rats and mice allows for the assessm

47 dard MHD, with the three response keys in an operant chamber serving as the three doors and access to

48 al cognitive tests in a touchscreen-equipped operant chamber to further investigate the nature of lea

49 in random order across nose poke holes in an operant chamber.

50 ng on the delay discounting task in standard operant chambers.

51 Using an operant co-administration paradigm, in which rats concur

52 stat, had no effect on either maintenance of operant cocaine self-administration maintained on a fixe

53 To test this, we used operant concurrent schedules and found reduced sensitivi

54 Using operant conditioning and a psychophysical task, budgerig

55 Although classical and operant conditioning are operationally distinct, it is u

56 his laser tracking system can be used for an operant conditioning assay in which a courting male quic

57 nally, a new experimental paradigm utilizing operant conditioning combined with motor tasks is propos

58 how these molecules can interact to mediate operant conditioning in an individual neuron important f

59 To test this hypothesis, we used operant conditioning in male rats to determine whether o

60 rogress to excessive ethanol drinking during operant conditioning in mice lacking ethanol-sensitive a

61 Using a single-cell analog of operant conditioning in neuron B51 of Aplysia, we examin

62 Operant conditioning is a type of associative learning i

63 e details that links the decision making and operant conditioning literatures and extends choice prop

64 In the current experiments, operant conditioning occurred in Context A, extinction i

65 ago, when Joseph Kamiya reported successful operant conditioning of alpha-rhythm in humans, the effe

66 Operant conditioning of the spinal stretch reflex or its

67 using amphetamine as a reinforcer and in an operant conditioning paradigm using sucrose reinforcemen

68 research has been dominated by pavlovian and operant conditioning paradigms.

69 tively" framed custom application focused on operant conditioning principles of reinforcement schedul

70 Operant conditioning protocols can modify the activity o

71 High-throughput operant conditioning systems for rodents provide efficie

72 tem can be incorporated into high-throughput operant conditioning systems.

73 Using an effort-based operant conditioning task for head-fixed mice, we discov

74 nhibitory neurons (INs) during a neuron-pair operant conditioning task using two-photon imaging of IN

75 during the acquisition and performance of an operant conditioning task.

76 sual display on a touch screen as part of an operant conditioning task.

77 habit-based responding in a food-reinforced operant conditioning task.

78 sual display on a touch screen as part of an operant conditioning task.

79 inforcement learning model to simulations of operant conditioning tasks that have been argued to quan

80 rd prediction functions during Pavlovian and operant conditioning tasks, less is understood about the

81 erigars and zebra finches were tested, using operant conditioning techniques, on their ability to ide

82 e an object-discrimination paradigm based on operant conditioning to show, for the first time to our

83 Moreover, a single-cell analog of operant conditioning was developed using neuron B51, a c

84 tor coordination, and apparent motivation in operant conditioning, as well as spine morphology and ph

85 activity within various brain areas through operant conditioning, but the relevance of that control

86 In sucrose operant conditioning, the photoactivation of these termi

87 Using operant conditioning, we trained mice to detect visual c

88 e motor output expression induced by in vivo operant conditioning.

89 ncrease in performance, as often observed in operant conditioning.

90 ol group), for 1 h a day under fixed ratio 1 operant conditioning.

91 arning the distinction of visual cues during operant conditioning.

92 nalog, whereas D1R mediates reinforcement in operant conditioning.

93 s new insights into the neural mechanisms of operant conditioning.

94 ion of cAMP into B51 mimicked the effects of operant conditioning.

95 behavior for sucrose in a progressive ratio operant-conditioning paradigm when administered peripher

96 place preference (CPP) and progressive ratio operant-conditioning.

97 analyse a standard rodent anxiety model, the operant conflict test.

98 in humans, then an opportunity may exist for operant control complementing or in some cases replacing

99 Operant control of a prosthesis by neuronal cortical act

100 e studied sham- and LHb-lesioned rats in our operant CTA paradigm and found that LHb lesion significa

101 d to extend to the more natural case of free operant decisions.

102 efrontal cortex (mPFC) were studied using an operant delayed response task.

103 formance when switched between Pavlovian and operant devaluation tasks, but not when switched from on

104 We compare two operant discrimination tasks (Go/No-Go: GNG; Two-Alterna

105 drug seeking is assessed after cessation of operant drug self-administration in rodents and monkeys.

106 st notably neutrophils, and similar pathways operant during hepatocyte proliferation/liver regenerati

107 ave been extensively studied, those that are operant during homeostatic forms of synaptic strengtheni

108 Operant escape and lick/guard (L/G) reflex responses to

109 of social defeat stress in male rats on the operant escape task, as well as in a test of nociceptive

110 also blocked dependence-induced elevation in operant ethanol responding.

111 ol consumption, ethanol withdrawal symptoms, operant ethanol self-administration under progressive ra

112 n other limbic nuclei during abstinence from operant EtOH self-administration.

113 In free operant experiments, subjects alternate at will between

114 for the characteristics of behavior in free operant experiments.

115 dence in any experiment that DCS facilitated operant extinction learning assessed in either the extin

116 that underlie Pavlovian, rather than purely operant, extinction.

117 in rat PLC play an important role in learned operant food seeking.

118 LC) of FosGFP-transgenic rats, we found that operant food self-administration led to increased intrin

119 altered intrinsic excitability after 10 d of operant food self-administration training (1 h/d).

120 pressing PLC neurons that were active during operant food self-administration.

121 HA (GABA) neuronal activation both increased operant food-seeking behavior, but only activation of LH

122 t cause similar asthma symptoms and might be operant in a certain phenotype.

123 e expression of common pathogenic mechanisms operant in both conditions, among which decreased bindin

124 w that this mechanism is one of two that are operant in HU inactivation of the Ct enzyme.

125 Similar properties may be operant in other solid tumors as well, so revisiting and

126 This mechanism is operant in resident liver Kupffer cells, which drive inn

127 nts delineate the molecular adhesion cascade operant in SS cell homing to the skin in vivo.

128 Similar mechanisms were operant in the kidney during endotoxemia and served a cy

129 ing of the cellular and molecular mechanisms operant in tolerance vs allograft rejection is important

130 These mechanisms appear to be operant in vivo in orchestrating LPS-induced lung neutro

131 itration and cysteine thiol oxidation may be operant in vivo in peroxynitrite-induced FeOxI activity

132 The associative processes that support free-operant instrumental avoidance behavior are still unknow

133 derstanding of the role of NMDA receptors in operant learning and behavior throughout an extended cor

134 Memories formed during operant learning are thought to be stored in "neuronal e

135 Overall, operant learning increased intrinsic excitability of PLC

136 Operant learning induces immediate early gene (IEG) expr

137 earning, suggesting that NMDAR activation in operant learning is site-specific.

138 tivation in these corticostriatal regions in operant learning is unknown.

139 ase specifically suppresses memory using the operant learning paradigm, learning that food is inedibl

140 Operant learning requires that reinforcement signals int

141 and DMS of food-deprived rats just prior to operant learning sessions.

142 tive or negative appetitive conditions in an operant learning task differentially impacts norepinephr

143 tal cortex activity plays a critical role in operant learning, but the underlying cellular mechanisms

144 a low-protein diet displayed no deficits in operant learning, but were more prone to assign salience

145 In operant learning, initial reward-associated memories are

146 atement of cocaine seeking without affecting operant learning, locomotor activity, or reinstatement o

147 blockade in OFC did not significantly impair operant learning, suggesting that NMDAR activation in op

148 receptor (NMDAR) activation is necessary for operant learning.

149 provide a biochemical association underlying operant learning.

150 Rats were trained on an unsignaled, free-operant lever press avoidance paradigm in which each res

151 lectively inhibited immediately prior to the operant lever press, which is consistent with a second d

152 ion to the mNTS (3 h before testing) reduced operant lever pressing for sucrose under increasing work

153 paradigms, including meal pattern analysis, operant lever pressing for sucrose, and conditioned stim

154 tion of a cued Pavlovian approach and a cued operant lever-press response.

155 als executed both the Pavlovian approach and operant lever-press, while raclopride did not.

156 NMDA agonist, facilitates the extinction of operant lever-pressing reinforced by food.

157 e neurons, mice drank water and performed an operant lever-pressing task for water reward with rates

158 s, massed training-induced intermediate-term operant memory requires protein synthesis as well as per

159 These studies are the first to describe an operant model of psychosocial stress-induced relapse in

160 tain presurgically trained performance in an operant NaCl vs. KCl taste discrimination task in rats.

161 multiple-choice discrimination task in which operant nosepoke responses to some visual cues were cons

162 aine-induced avoidance behaviors in a runway operant paradigm were abolished by lesions of LHb effere

163 hat trained to self-administer ethanol in an operant paradigm, AIE increased resistance to extinction

164 We used an operant paradigm, learning that food is inedible (LFI),

165 val after self-administration of cocaine, an operant paradigm, or how the length of withdrawal from c

166 er motivation for food reward observed in an operant paradigm.

167 To identify the main operant pathways across the spectrum of CGVHD, we analyz

168 Motivation was assessed through operant performance for 10% sucrose on a progressive rat

169 Operant performance was measured as a function of the st

170 gm that does not involve food deprivation or operant performance.

171 ted a change in background firing during the operant phases.

172 s were selective for one or the other of the operant phases.

173 tigated the role of both of these signals in operant place learning in Drosophila.

174 Operant place preference scores were highly correlated w

175 where they received photostimulation (i.e., operant place preference).

176 ed effort-based responding for food under an operant progressive ratio reinforcement schedule, but di

177 ( approximately 19%) that exhibited intense operant-reinforced attack behavior, decreased likelihood

178 (3) Operant reinforcement through association of the adapted

179 as model-free: use-dependent plasticity and operant reinforcement.

180 inistration significantly attenuated sucrose operant responding and D2R activation or blockade in the

181 also showed that scopolamine did not impair operant responding for a food-associated conditioned rei

182 In contrast, the treatment did not affect operant responding for a highly palatable sweet solution

183 otine self-administration without disrupting operant responding for a nondrug reinforcer or motor act

184 ignificantly reduced ad libitum chow intake, operant responding for chocolate pellets, and the incent

185 907 (volinanserin) failed to reduce rates of operant responding for cocaine infusions.

186 of their reproductive cycle, show increased operant responding for cocaine under a wide variety of s

187 ction; effective M100907 doses did not alter operant responding for cues previously associated with s

188 th hdAD-CocH did not experience a deficit in operant responding for drug reinforcement and self-admin

189 fective in alcohol-preferring rats to reduce operant responding for ethanol, (ii) is ineffective in a

190 We find that operant responding for EtOH early in training is goal-di

191 size, and body mass index on the pattern of operant responding for food.

192 paired the ability of foot shock to suppress operant responding for food.

193 n reduces food intake and inhibits impulsive operant responding for palatable food via downstream com

194 ediated GLP-1R knockdown increases motivated operant responding for palatable food.

195 Progressive ratio operant responding for sucrose was examined in male and

196 rence for an amphetamine cue, and attenuated operant responding for sucrose.

197 romoter causes place preference and supports operant responding for the stimulation.

198 ice were trained to obtain water to rule out operant responding impairments.

199 AgRP neuron photostimulation did not restore operant responding in fed mice when initiated within the

200 Operant responding in rats provides an analog to volunta

201 We investigated the acquisition of timed operant responding in two R6/2 Huntington's Disease mode

202 Food-restricted mice exhibited selective operant responding to food-predicting cues but largely f

203 Locomotor activity or food reinforced operant responding was unaffected by microinjection of R

204 , suggesting decreased temporal control over operant responding.

205 mentally enriched condition (EC) learned the operant response (nosepoke into a lit hole) for sucrose

206 Rats were trained to perform an operant response (nosepoke) to receive 10 s of vaporized

207 were trained to self-administer cocaine, the operant response extinguished, and cocaine-seeking induc

208 blockade preferential reduces Pavlovian and operant response likelihood.

209 l on BSR threshold without affecting maximum operant response rate (MAX).

210 ificantly reduce motor activity or intrabout operant response speed, or promote a conditioned place a

211 on of cannabinoid receptor signaling reduces operant responses for rewards; yet it is unknown whether

212 Here, rats were trained to make operant responses that produced both food rewards, and u

213 Strikingly, once animals began a chain of operant responses, the antagonists did not affect the ab

214 ent three testing phases in a unique Spatial Operant Reversal Test (SORT) paradigm, as well as assess

215 te that distinct neuronal ensembles encoding operant reward and extinction memories intermingle withi

216 cets of a compulsive behavior resulting from operant reward learning.

217 male Wistar rats was allowed to traverse an operant runway to obtain access to a sweetened 10% ethan

218 In contrast, prior daily practice of an operant schedule of reinforcement, albeit generating mor

219 sentations, followed by 30 days on a DRL-15s operant schedule.

220 lenti-shCRFR1) and investigate the effect on operant self-administration and motivation to self-admin

221 onic alcohol exposure that promote excessive operant self-administration and negative affective-like

222 rewarding properties of ethanol, measured by operant self-administration and the expression of an eth

223 two-bottle choice chronic ethanol intake or operant self-administration in rats before or after depe

224 vivo brain slice preparation, we found that operant self-administration increased excitability of Fo

225 Similarly, rat operant self-administration of alcohol (20%) also result

226 but not in the DLS, significantly decreases operant self-administration of alcohol and reduces alcoh

227 agonist baclofen has been shown to suppress operant self-administration of alcohol in animals and al

228 ownward shift in the dose-response curve for operant self-administration of alcohol, further suggesti

229 t inhibition of AMPARs in the DMS attenuates operant self-administration of ethanol, but not of sucro

230 2, we observed strong motivation to acquire operant self-administration of opportunities to aggress

231 consume alcohol using a two-bottle choice or operant self-administration procedure.

232 Furthermore, using two-bottle choice and operant self-administration procedures, we show that inh

233 in heroin and palatable food was enhanced in operant self-administration procedures.

234 er either ethanol or sucrose in daily 30 min operant self-administration sessions using a fixed ratio

235 palatable food was then restricted to daily operant self-administration sessions using fixed ratio 1

236 Mice lacking D2 autoreceptors acquire a cued-operant self-administration task for cocaine faster than

237 significant increases in alcohol preference, operant self-administration, and relapse.

238 striatum dopamine activity and lower cocaine operant self-administration.

239 ities, anxiety levels, reactions to novelty, operant sensation seeking, and alcohol sensitivity.

240 not perform instrumental responses under the operant sensation-seeking paradigm, although they learne

241 ound firing of orbitofrontal neurons reflect operant session characteristics associated with behavior

242 ronal ensembles was performed after the last operant session, using immunohistochemistry.

243 ns gradually decreased over the course of an operant session.

244 at responses of orbitofrontal neurons during operant sessions reflect the outcome of particular behav

245 In an operant set-shifting task, AIE-exposed rats exhibited de

246 ted deficits in behavioral flexibility in an operant set-shifting task.

247 ments showed that such deactivations in both operant-specific functional networks did not depend on t

248 II in stress-naive rats on performance of an operant strategy set-shifting task that is mediated by t

249 MOR activation on cognitive processing in an operant strategy-shifting task.

250 These findings demonstrate that the operant sufentanil vapor self-administration model has b

251 Finally, using an operant sugar reward paradigm, we showed that low-dose A

252 Lesions attenuated operant suppression and the gamma/delta ratio, but had n

253 and substantia innominata (NBM/SI) attenuate operant suppression induced by aversive events.

254 tive state, as opposed to the aversive state operant suppression is supposed to index.

255 During operant suppression, increases in the gamma/delta ratio

256 cholinergic neurons during footshock induced operant suppression.

257 Rats also performed an operant Sustained Attention Task (SAT).

258 warding effects of high-fat/sugar food in an operant task and inhibited DA neuronal firing.

259 ned that: (i) the two genotypes acquired the operant task and maintained similar levels of COC-SA, (i

260 M was found to reinforce cue selection in an operant task and to motivate future cue selection using

261 uronal activity in the LHb of rats during an operant task before and after ethanol-induced conditione

262 he amygdala in combination with a novel free operant task designed to elicit effects of both general

263 The use of this LFP pattern to trigger an operant task evoked only minor changes in its electrophy

264 redict the expected activity changes over an operant task for both types of action-coding striatal ne

265 Rats were trained on a free-operant task in which lever-press responses avoided shoc

266 Using an operant task in which mice are trained to self-administe

267 Using a self-paced operant task in which mice learn to perform a particular

268 An operant task in which octopuses learn to locate food by

269 le orbitofrontal neurons during a multiphase operant task in which the relationship between a lever-p

270 e food compartment during both Pavlovian and operant task performance.

271 , and withdrawal from chronic nicotine on an operant task that measured premature and signaled nose p

272 g a Serial Implicit Learning Task (SILT), an operant task that requires the animal to produce 2-phase

273 gly decreased motivation for saccharin in an operant task to obtain the tastant.

274 n the hippocampal CA1 area and trained to an operant task using a fixed-ratio (1:1) schedule.

275 on probabilistic reversal learning using an operant task wherein a "correct" response delivered rewa

276 necessary for learning and extinction in an operant task, a remarkable convergence of a bottom-up da

277 hoton counting (TCSPC) in mice performing an operant task, we observed transient increases in neural

278 spikes from mice performing a lever-pressing operant task.

279 significantly attenuated CTA effects in the operant task.

280 he dorsal striatum as rats learn an abstract operant task.

281 sitive reinforcing actions in a food-seeking operant task.

282 ats as they performed a simple reward-driven operant task.

283 increased propensity to work for food in an operant task.

284 oral observations of rats performing various operant tasks and determined how injection of dopamine r

285 called "flexible approach." Both high-effort operant tasks and some low-effort cue-responding tasks r

286 in the application of economic principles to operant tasks in rodents have allowed for the within-sub

287 Mice were then tested in three operant tasks that address motivated behavior, the progr

288 We therefore developed operant tasks to assay two executive functions, conditio

289 l self-administration in trained rats, using operant techniques for 11, was 0.5 mg/kg.

290 s heat hyperalgesia in a forebrain-dependent operant test of thermal escape.

291 By using operant testing, progressive ratio, and the PFC-dependen

292 eir effects on extinction of a discriminated operant, that is, one that had been reinforced in the pr

293 ying the type of contingencies (Pavlovian or operant), the number of reinforcers (one vs. two), and t

294 graphy biofeedback, low-level laser therapy, operant therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, or spinal

295 tudies differed in their use of pavlovian or operant training contingencies, single or multiple reinf

296 d by devaluation, but after 8 weeks of daily operant training, control has shifted to a habit-based s

297 Following operant training, rats were implanted with intra-CeA gui

298 a reward, or animal activity associated with operant training.

299 ast, our knowledge of the adhesion molecules operant under lymphatic flow conditions is incomplete.

300 ed their effects when extinction of the free operant was conducted in the presence of nonresponse-con