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1 tion of their ability to inhibit or modulate orthosteric [(3)H]NMS binding revealed that para-LRB-AC4
3 ides crucial insights into the mechanisms of orthosteric activation and allosteric modulation of musc
4 rthosteric agonists, Tyr-93 can conduct both orthosteric activation and desensitization among the sub
6 identify Tyr-93 as an essential element for orthosteric activation, because Y93C mutants are insensi
7 , and mutagenesis results suggested that the orthosteric agonist 5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine binds
10 anges are coupled between the extracellular, orthosteric agonist binding domain and the transmembrane
13 568, the allosteric agonist neomycin, or the orthosteric agonist Ca(2+) (0.5 or 5 mm), suggesting tha
15 e positively modulate the binding of the CB1 orthosteric agonist CP55,940 while exhibiting an antagon
18 nts showed that cinnabarinic acid acts as an orthosteric agonist interacting with residues of the glu
19 the M2 receptor simultaneously bound to the orthosteric agonist iperoxo and the positive allosteric
20 ffects on the modulation of responses to the orthosteric agonist l-quisqualate and the allosteric mod
22 Residues involved in cooperativity with the orthosteric agonist NECA were different in PD81723 and V
23 lating the activity of the receptor when the orthosteric agonist occupies the receptor, thus maintain
24 that cinnabarinic acid is a novel endogenous orthosteric agonist of mGlu4 receptors endowed with neur
25 receptor 4 (mGlu4 receptor), either with an orthosteric agonist or a positive allosteric modulator (
26 Ms), and 5) compounds that have no effect on orthosteric agonist responses but block allosteric modul
27 duce signaling and also selectively traffics orthosteric agonist signaling via the ERK phosphorylatio
29 M4 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) orthosteric agonist xanomeline (1) and the putative M1 m
30 ydroxylpropyl]cyclohe xan-1-ol (CP55,940, an orthosteric agonist) while at the same time decreasing i
32 his work expands the characterization of the orthosteric agonist, iperoxo, at the M(4) receptor, and
34 potent negative allosteric modulation of the orthosteric agonist-induced cAMP accumulation, [(35)S]GT
37 or, this could be markedly increased by both orthosteric agonists and antagonists [15-, 9-, and 19-fo
38 of mGluR1alpha is adjacent to the site where orthosteric agonists and antagonists bind on the extrace
41 describe the first potent and selective FFA2 orthosteric agonists and demonstrate key aspects of liga
42 To date, most studies have been done with orthosteric agonists and/or antagonists at specific site
45 d in vivo pharmacological actions of the CB1 orthosteric agonists CP55,940 and N-arachidonoylethanola
46 esis studies indicate that the compounds are orthosteric agonists despite the absence of a carboxylat
47 tivity binding of [(3)H]LY2119620 with mAChR orthosteric agonists detects significant changes in Bmax
48 -1-ol) and Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol are orthosteric agonists for the receptor, bind the conventi
49 exhibiting high positive cooperativity with orthosteric agonists in a manner that correlated with ef
50 in penetrant, increased the potency of these orthosteric agonists in mouse behavioral assays indicati
52 increase the affinity and/or efficacy of the orthosteric agonists leu-enkephalin, SNC80 and TAN67, as
54 g evidence that activation by allosteric and orthosteric agonists results in different alpha7 nAChRs
55 responsive manner, whereas M1 allosteric and orthosteric agonists showed weak affinity (>30 muM).
56 acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) activation by orthosteric agonists with intrinsic allosteric agonist a
57 ional calcium mobilization assays to compare orthosteric agonists, acetylcholine and xanomeline, M1 a
58 toxin, a positive allosteric modulator, and orthosteric agonists, at 3.8 to 4.1 angstrom resolution.
59 the restraints placed on the requirement for orthosteric agonists, Tyr-93 can conduct both orthosteri
65 Undesirable side effects associated with orthosteric agonists/antagonists of cannabinoid 1 recept
66 Although PAMs must work in concert with "orthosteric" agonists, compounds such as GAT107 ((3aR,4S
67 d differential potentiation depending on the orthosteric-allosteric pairing, with the largest coopera
71 hore via spacers of varying lengths, exhibit orthosteric/allosteric binding properties at muscarinic
72 lecular modeling studies focused on putative orthosteric/allosteric bitopic poses for AC-42 and para-
77 ts into P2Y1R should enable discovery of new orthosteric and allosteric antithrombotic drugs with red
79 its a multivalent bimodal orientation in the orthosteric and allosteric binding pockets of mAChR and
80 eptor structures, reveals differences in the orthosteric and allosteric binding sites that contribute
85 )-imido]triphosphate, suggests that both the orthosteric and allosteric ligands can alter the populat
86 nalysis of P2X4R kinetics and elucidates the orthosteric and allosteric mechanisms regulating its cha
89 of residues that form a network linking the orthosteric and allosteric sites of the M4 receptor, whi
91 gagement (i.e., concomitant association with orthosteric and allosteric sites) and that the compound
94 g two pharmacophores to simultaneously adopt orthosteric and allosteric topography within a G protein
95 rom the extracellular environment as well as orthosteric and bitopic ligands with very different phys
96 Most ligands in the D3R(APO) model span both orthosteric and extended pockets and behave as antagonis
98 hed the inhibitory effect of the mGluR1alpha orthosteric antagonist (S)-alpha-methyl-4-carboxyphenylg
99 ration binding studies at the M2R, using the orthosteric antagonist atropine to determine unspecific
100 harmacological profile, decreased binding of orthosteric antagonist N-methylscopolamine to human M1-
103 n the discovery of a series of M5-preferring orthosteric antagonists based on the scaffold of 1,2,5,6
105 o date were obtained with receptors bound to orthosteric antagonists, and only a few structures bound
106 he side effects associated with CB1 receptor orthosteric antagonists, negative allosteric modulators
112 rved NMR confirms 1 binds PPARgamma with two orthosteric binding modes and to an allosteric site.
113 firm that LY2119620 does not compete for the orthosteric binding pocket at any of the five muscarinic
114 utation of amino acid residues that form the orthosteric binding pocket caused a loss of carbachol re
115 nomeric and the dimeric compound bind to the orthosteric binding site (apparent Kd: 0.87 and 0.31 nM,
116 subtle differences in the highly homologous orthosteric binding site (OBS) differentially affect D2R
117 tween the D3R and D2R, especially within the orthosteric binding site (OBS) that binds dopamine, has
118 The existence of a high affinity primary orthosteric binding site (S1) and a low affinity seconda
119 Perspective is to identify the well-defined orthosteric binding site and possible allosteric sites a
120 olves simultaneous interaction with both the orthosteric binding site and the allosteric binding site
121 are a similar binding pocket adjacent to the orthosteric binding site at the opposite face of Trp101.
122 ne analogs bind at the monoamine transporter orthosteric binding site by adopting one of two mutually
124 Here, we investigate the pharmacology of the orthosteric binding site in GluD2 by examining the activ
125 tivated GLIC protein, exhibiting an uncommon orthosteric binding site in terms of sequence and local
126 oop receptors, involving an expansion of the orthosteric binding site in the extracellular domain tha
127 2), a compound supposed to interact with the orthosteric binding site of dopamine receptors, was actu
128 antagonists that exploit differences in the orthosteric binding site of GluN1 and GluN3 subunits, we
130 ed in brain tissues, did not compete for the orthosteric binding site of the CB(1) receptor (vs.
131 ex with TK40 and show that TK40 binds to the orthosteric binding site of the GluN1 subunit with a bin
132 r antagonism by ligands interacting with the orthosteric binding site of the receptor to incorporate
133 Whereas endogenous agonists acting at the orthosteric binding site stabilize the active receptor c
134 onal changes in the extracellular region and orthosteric binding site than observed in the active sta
135 zation-induced conformational changes in the orthosteric binding site underlie the voltage-dependence
136 formational coupling between the ECS and the orthosteric binding site, showing that drugs targeting t
137 R-selective compounds binds to the conserved orthosteric binding site, whereas the extended aryl amid
141 activated by extracellular ATP through three orthosteric binding sites and allosterically regulated b
142 0 CH(2) groups) to simultaneously occupy two orthosteric binding sites in H(2)R dimers are nearly ina
143 ules are potentially able to interact at two orthosteric binding sites of a heterodimer simultaneousl
144 tor binding site partially overlaps with the orthosteric binding sites of class A GPCRs but is more r
146 ng point mutations within the allosteric and orthosteric binding sites, as well as brain slice electr
147 r prevent the synergy between allosteric and orthosteric binding sites, so that these mutants can als
151 hically distinct from the endogenous ligand (orthosteric) binding site, allowing for co-occupation of
152 hically distinct from the endogenous ligand (orthosteric) binding site, which allows for co-occupatio
153 sidue seems to be located within or near the orthosteric-binding pocket and is not part of the allost
154 ructure of CCR2 in a ternary complex with an orthosteric (BMS-681) and allosteric (CCR2-RA-[R]) antag
155 of bipharmacophoric ligands composed of the orthosteric building blocks iperoxo and 1 linked to allo
156 ellular site, and atropine or scopolamine as orthosteric building blocks, both connected by a hexamet
159 lactic inactivation of CD11b/CD18, using the orthosteric CD11b/CD18 inhibitor mAb107, improves microv
161 patially distinct sites: nucleotide MRS2500 (orthosteric, contacting the helical bundle) and urea BPT
162 we show progressive disruption of individual orthosteric contacts in the ligand binding sites, allowi
163 lation mediated via beta-arrestin unlike the orthosteric CP55,940 that does so in a G protein-depende
164 sp52(2.50) as an allosteric link between the orthosteric drug binding site and the intracellular sign
165 ein-coupled receptors respond to traditional orthosteric drugs are an exciting and rapidly expanding
171 al view of an allosteric binding mode for an orthosteric GPCR ligand and provide additional opportuni
173 ionalize oligonucleotides with biotin and an orthosteric inhibitor of the eukaryotic initiation facto
174 ones, also known as oncohistones, are potent orthosteric inhibitors of specific Su(var)3-9, Enhancer-
175 yses revealed that GIV3727 likely acts as an orthosteric, insurmountable antagonist of hTAS2R31.
176 having a significant role in contributing to orthosteric ligand affinity and signaling for various G
177 omparison of the effects of the modulator on orthosteric ligand affinity relative to signaling throug
178 ECL2-TM3 disulfide bond selectively affected orthosteric ligand affinity, whereas a cluster of five r
180 ence that was based upon the efficacy of the orthosteric ligand and can be explained using the Monod-
182 standing of the role of the receptor core in orthosteric ligand binding and biological activity.
183 study highlights a key role for ECL2 in A1AR orthosteric ligand binding and receptor activation.
184 ational space that includes breathing of the orthosteric ligand binding site and shear motion of the
185 n of B2 receptor signaling by binding to the orthosteric ligand binding site of the AT1 receptor and
190 trate that the fusion of a fluorophore to an orthosteric ligand is not neutral, as it may confer, unl
192 569 and PSNCBAM-1 appeared to influence only orthosteric ligand maximum occupancy rather than affinit
193 c and allosteric ligand as no two allosteric-orthosteric ligand pairs could induce the same signaling
197 egative allosteric effects, depending on the orthosteric ligand used as a probe of receptor activity.
198 electivity problem by combining (linking) an orthosteric ligand with an allosteric modulator, theoret
199 ease involves potentiation of the endogenous orthosteric ligand, acetylcholine, at the M1 muscarinic
202 d structural conservation extending from the orthosteric ligand-binding site in the transmembrane cor
204 a a different binding site than the natural (orthosteric) ligand site and hence form a conceptually d
205 ompared with drugs targeting the endogenous (orthosteric) ligand-binding site that include the abilit
206 voked signaling but also the actions of both orthosteric ligands and allosteric modulators on mGluR1a
207 timation of affinity and efficacy values for orthosteric ligands are not appropriate for allosteric m
208 estibule that overlaps with a region used by orthosteric ligands as they transit into the canonical A
209 can be differentially stabilized not only by orthosteric ligands but also by allosteric ligands actin
212 ng pathways and in combination with multiple orthosteric ligands in systems such as the GLP-1R where
213 the coupling between PAMs and the binding of orthosteric ligands requires tryptophan 55 (Trp-55), whi
214 renergic receptor (beta2AR) upon exposure to orthosteric ligands with different efficacies, in the ab
216 pond differently in the presence of discrete orthosteric ligands, a behavior termed "probe dependence
218 hese compounds do not compete for binding of orthosteric ligands, but indeed the R isomer increased t
219 7569, offer enormous potential as drugs over orthosteric ligands, but their mechanistic, structural,
220 compound has no effect on the binding of the orthosteric ligands, implying its allosteric mode of act
231 ructural information about the nature of the orthosteric muscarinic binding site (the conventional ac
232 ntrations up to 1 mM did not compete for the orthosteric nAChR binding site labeled by [(3)H]epibatid
235 retase presents several hot spots for either orthosteric or allosteric inhibition of catalytic activi
236 ologic activity induced by ligand binding to orthosteric or allosteric sites on a G protein-coupled r
237 e or negative, depending upon the allosteric-orthosteric pair, and they arose from interactions withi
239 ng modes for these ligands, which occupy the orthosteric pocket and an extended binding pocket close
240 l)benzenesulfonamide (1, T2384) revealed two orthosteric pocket binding modes attributed to a concent
243 inhibits chemokine binding by occupying the orthosteric pocket of the receptor in a previously unsee
244 he high degree of structural homology in the orthosteric pocket, particularly for GPCRs within a sing
245 mation and binds to the receptor deep in the orthosteric pocket, stabilizing a network of extracellul
247 ues in the intracellular, extracellular, and orthosteric pockets is significantly weakened upon sodiu
248 ed nucleophilic residues near and within the orthosteric pockets of M(1) and M(2) muscarinic receptor
250 es was assessed by their ability to displace orthosteric radioligand [(3)H]4-(2-((7-amino-2-(furan-2-
251 ptor binding with a series of allosteric and orthosteric radioligands at structurally related CCK1R a
252 ed changes in the dissociation rates for the orthosteric radioligands, [N-methyl-(3)H]scopolamine met
253 t of affinity for allosteric modulators with orthosteric radioligands, which has so far been the most
254 Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol and other CB1 orthosteric receptor agonists remain limited because of
260 further show that selected mutations in the orthosteric site abolish the fluorescence signal and con
261 ls the entry and efflux of agonists from the orthosteric site and agonist binding elicits a conformat
262 a bitopic ligand, interacting with both the orthosteric site and an allosteric site, at the M(1) mAC
264 ligands that compete with each other at the orthosteric site and two ligands that compete with each
266 tes because their activity requires that the orthosteric site be occupied by an agonist, thereby conf
267 dulate the 5-HT(3) receptor, not through the orthosteric site but by binding to allosteric sites.
269 the expected change in affinity of the CHRM1 orthosteric site for acetylcholine in human cortex.
270 lthough it is well established that the A1AR orthosteric site is located within the receptor's transm
273 ing to the binding of LY2033298, whereas the orthosteric site residues, Tyr104(3.33) and Tyr403(6.51)
275 Visual opsins bind 11-cis retinal at an orthosteric site to form rhodopsins but increasing evide
276 a binding pose predicted to extend from the orthosteric site up toward a putative allosteric site bo
277 tween subunits in a topologically conserved "orthosteric site" whose amino acid composition defines t
278 e extracellular entrance, in addition to the orthosteric site, allowed us to obtain 5-HT7R antagonist
279 lu4, mGlu6, and mGlu8 receptors with its own orthosteric site, and (2) that chloride is not an agonis
280 sts, such as acetylcholine (ACh), bind to an orthosteric site, located at subunit interfaces in the e
281 ng of a neurotransmitter to an extracellular orthosteric site, located at the interface of two adjace
290 the alpha-Ctx-binding sites overlap with the orthosteric sites at the beta/alpha subunit interface.
292 ngest functional group interaction in enzyme orthosteric sites offers a rational starting point for F
294 receptors topographically distinct from the orthosteric sites, so-called allosteric sites, has heral
295 in contrast to the global impact of GABA via orthosteric sites, the force of anaesthetics through all
296 ll activation paradigm via allosteric versus orthosteric sites, we used highly homologous, but homo-o
299 receptors can simultaneously occupy both the orthosteric transmitter binding site and the allosteric
300 t a difference in spatial orientation of the orthosteric tropane moiety translates into a divergent M
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