ライフサイエンスコーパス: owl

1 vailable at http://edamontology.org/EDAM_1.2.owl.

2 er in normal juveniles than in prism-adapted owls, indicative of declustering.

3 In control owls or prism-adapted owls, which experience small instructive signals, the fr

4 Adult owl monkeys learned to discriminate tones higher than a

5 Adult owl monkeys were trained to detect an increase in the en

6 M, P, and K axons were labeled in adult owl monkeys by means of injections of wheat germ aggluti

7 visual area (MT) was determined in six adult owl monkeys and one adult marmoset 69 d to 10 months aft

8 , increases auditory map plasticity in adult owls.

9 Two groups of naive adult owls were fit with prisms.

10 et/ultraviolet-sensitive opsin (SWS1) in all owls we studied, but two other color vision genes, the r

11 TRIM-CypA is an owl monkey-specific variant of the retrovirus restrictio

12 ation depended on the amount of resources an owl had already allocated towards reproduction (averagin

13 We also used an owl monkey kidney (OMK) cell assay that is based on time

14 ry visual cortex (V1), in nine anaesthetized owl monkeys injected with a neuromuscular blocker.

15 rons in two primate species, bush babies and owl monkeys, were retrogradely labeled, then charted in

16 in dendritic structure compared to chick and owl may indicate specialization for encoding ITDs at low

17 ned in a reptile (gecko), birds (chicken and owl), and mammals (mouse, guinea pig, gerbil, and bat),

18 ong the same axis as observed in macaque and owl monkey.

19 In squirrel monkey and owl monkey, receptive fields of magnocellular neurones w

20 aque monkey hold for the squirrel monkey and owl monkey.

21 MV) species, squirrel monkey CMV (SMCMV) and owl monkey CMV (OMCMV), that infect New World monkeys.

22 tic tract were also observed in squirrel and owl monkeys.

23 pper visual quadrant) of titi, squirrel, and owl monkeys.

24 n TRIM5alpha, rhesus macaque TRIM5alpha, and owl monkey TRIM-Cyp remained potent in cells depleted of

25 Humans and owls localize sounds by detecting the arrival time dispa

26 and/or time-of-day effects between larks and owls in decision-making tasks occur only in RNA-based ch

27 s to be different between human "larks" and "owls" (also called "morningness/eveningness types" or "c

28 ary somatosensory cortex of two anesthetized owl monkeys.

29 n one hemisphere of each of two anesthetized owl monkeys.

30 e OT were recorded from lightly anesthetized owls confronted with arrays of bars in which one bar (th

31 t of primate taxa, including the Argentinean owl monkey (Aotus azarai).

32 well developed in nocturnal primates such as owl monkeys, which are likely to be color blind.

33 s appetitive (chick silhouette) to aversive (owl silhouette) cues.

34 map high best frequencies in the adult barn owl.

35 OAE) otoacoustic emissions from a bird (barn owl, Tyto alba) and a lizard (green anole, Anolis caroli

36 mpare these results with those from the barn owl (Tyto alba) and the domestic chick (Gallus gallus).

37 f auditory space in the midbrain of the barn owl (Tyto alba) are calibrated by visual experience.

38 cochlear nucleus angularis (NA) of the barn owl (Tyto alba) was analyzed using Golgi, Nissl, and tra

39 In the barn owl (Tyto alba), the external nucleus of the inferior co

40 between the attentional systems of the barn owl and the rhesus macaque.

41 d these predictions using EFPs from the barn owl auditory brainstem where we recorded in nucleus lami

42 ches in the mammalian neocortex and the barn owl auditory localization pathway provide some of the fi

43 ere, we exploit a unique feature of the barn owl auditory localization pathway that permits retrospec

44 The optic tectum of the barn owl contains a map of auditory space.

45 cleus of the inferior colliculus in the barn owl contains an auditory map of space that is based on t

46 he auditory localization pathway of the barn owl has shed new light on this important question.

47 e demonstrate that the brainstem of the barn owl includes a stage of processing apparently devoted to

48 The barn owl midbrain contains mutually aligned maps of auditory

49 n of a single inhibitory circuit in the barn owl midbrain tegmentum, the nucleus isthmi pars magnocel

50 acuity in the auditory space map in the barn owl midbrain.

51 that lead to the reorganization of the barn owl NL take place during embryonic development, shortly

52 xons and terminals in the region of the barn owl NL.

53 ctivity along the tonotopic axis of the barn owl NM and NL and a less prominent gradient in the chick

54 ration of the auditory space map in the barn owl optic tectum.

55 auditory nerve fiber responses for the barn owl strengthens the notion that most OAE delay can be at

56 ponses by gaze control circuitry in the barn owl suggests that the central nervous system uses a comm

57 , we demonstrate that OT neurons in the barn owl systematically encode the relative strengths of simu

58 elation analysis, we demonstrate in the barn owl that the relationship between the spectral tuning an

59 rocess in the auditory space map of the barn owl's (Tyto alba) inferior colliculus using two spatiall

60 one and noise stimuli in neurons of the barn owl's auditory arcopallium, a nucleus at the endpoint of

61 Space-specific neurons in the barn owl's inferior colliculus have spatial receptive fields

62 to explain the detection of ITDs by the barn owl's laminaris neurons.

63 The barn owl's optic tectum contains a map of auditory space that

64 ditory spatial tuning of neurons in the barn owl's optic tectum in a frequency-dependent manner.

65 t neurons in the retinotopic map of the barn owl's optic tectum specifically adapt to the common orie

66 In this study, we used the barn owl's sound localization system to address this question

67 in auditory localization pathway of the barn owl, a map of auditory space is relayed from the externa

68 ears to be realized in the brain of the barn owl, an auditory specialist, and has been assumed to hol

69 The barn owl, an auditory specialist, is a classic model for stud

70 In the barn owl, both ITD detection and processing in the midbrain a

71 oding in the two cochlear nuclei of the barn owl, nucleus angularis (NA) and nucleus magnocellularis

72 In the barn owl, spatial auditory information is conveyed to the opt

73 We found that, in the barn owl, the Ipc responds to auditory as well as to visual s

74 In the barn owl, the ITD is processed in a dedicated neural pathway

75 sponses and a demonstration that in the barn owl, the result is that expected by theory.

76 is consistent with observations in the barn owl.

77 n ITD map in the laminar nucleus of the barn owl.

78 auditory nuclei of the brainstem of the barn owl.

79 Barn owls are capable of great accuracy in detecting the inte

80 Barn owls hunt in the dark by using cues from both sight and

81 Barn owls reared with horizontally displacing prismatic spect

82 perior colliculus in mammals), in awake barn owls.

83 In both barn owls and chickens, Kv3.1 mRNA was expressed in the cochl

84 ior colliculus of adult male and female barn owls.

85 l and critically important behavior for barn owls, increases auditory map plasticity in adult owls.

86 ris (Ipc) from the optic tectum (OT) in barn owls by reversibly blocking excitatory transmission in t

87 Behavioral studies in barn owls indicate that both the optic tectum (OT) and the au

88 We tested in barn owls the hypothesis that an ongoing delay, equivalent to

89 We found that, in barn owls, at each location there is a frequency range where

90 In barn owls, early experience markedly influences sound localiz

91 In barn owls, the visual system is important in teaching the aud

92 In barn owls, this process takes place in the external nucleus o

93 d in the study of sound localization in barn owls.

94 em that underlies sound localization in barn owls.

95 y neurons responses recorded in vivo in barn owls.

96 al time differences (ITDs), in juvenile barn owls that experience chronic abnormal hearing.

97 al experience in adult than in juvenile barn owls.

98 The optic tectum (OT) of barn owls contains topographic maps of auditory and visual sp

99 eus of the inferior colliculus (ICX) of barn owls is highly plastic, especially during early life.

100 e control circuitry in the forebrain of barn owls regulates the gain of midbrain auditory responses i

101 D is detected in the auditory system of barn owls, the posterior part of the lateral lemniscus (LLDp)

102 ed saliency in the optic tectum (OT) of barn owls.

103 e was studied in the auditory system of barn owls.

104 e detectors in the nucleus laminaris of barn owls.

105 ndings give rise to the hypothesis that barn owls, by active scanning of the scene, can induce adapta

106 sound source, may be very different to barn owls and to the model proposed by Jeffress.

107 ing exclusively of owls: the Tytonidae (barn owls) and the Strigidae (true owls), united by a suite o

108 When barn owls are raised wearing spectacles that horizontally dis

109 Raising young barn owls with a prismatic displacement of the visual field l

110 were known to nest prior to 1997 and barred owl density was thought to be low.

111 Spotted owl and barred owl detection probabilities were significantly higher fo

112 ccupancy of both northern spotted and barred owl without requiring owl vocalization.

113 Mean detection probability for barred owls was 20.1% for dog surveys and 7.3% for vocal survey

114 However, proximity of barred owls (Strix varia)-a significant threat to northern spot

115 remarkable similarity between the burrowing owl's defensive hiss and the rattlesnake's rattling refl

116 sed by the rattling snake, and (b) burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia) defend themselves against mamm

117 ad collection of mammalian dung by burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia) and show that they use this du

118 similar analysis of restriction mediated by owl monkey TRIM-cyclophilin A (CypA) or human TRIM5alpha

119 we found that some individuals from captive owl monkey populations harbor CD4 alleles that are compa

120 sis of prelearned and postlearned circuitry: owls reared wearing prismatic spectacles develop an adap

121 In control owls or prism-adapted owls, which experience small instr

122 ch decisions, we analyze counts of all crow, owl, and hawk species in the most complete available dat

123 With sound pairs having only envelope cues, owls localized direct sounds preferentially, and neurons

124 rticipants with advanced (larks) or delayed (owls) phases.

125 At first the developing owl's auditory brainstem exhibits morphology reminiscent

126 OWL format from http://edamontology.org/EDAM.owl and in OBO format from http://edamontology.org/EDAM.

127 in this pathway has been induced by exposing owls to prismatic spectacles that cause a large, horizon

128 er understand this restriction, we expressed owl monkey (Aotus nancymaae) CD4 and CXCR4 in the owl mo

129 h clutches of 1-2 eggs compared to 97.5% for owls with clutches of 4-6 eggs).

130 ed towards reproduction (averaging 87.7% for owls with clutches of 1-2 eggs compared to 97.5% for owl

131 00-electrode array and compared results from owl monkeys and squirrel monkeys 5-10 weeks after lesion

132 Other species (e.g., owl monkey) had a similar low density of OMP (+) VSNs as

133 ical tracers were placed into DM in galagos, owl monkeys, squirrel monkeys, and macaque monkeys.

134 swabs were collected from wild ducks, geese, owls, sparrows, swallows, and starlings and from sentine

135 conditions (fewer voles and more goshawks), owls appeared to breed more frequently, but allocated fe

136 imes are calculated as only 1-5 yr for hawk, owl, and crow populations with ceilings of one or two br

137 Paradoxically, the barrier to HIV-1 in owl monkey cells is released by capsid mutants or drugs

138 ounts for post-entry restriction of HIV-1 in owl monkeys and blocks HIV-1 infection when transferred

139 ic arrangements made by M, P, and K axons in owl monkey exhibit more similarities than differences.

140 ggests that, if AVPR1A modulates behavior in owl monkeys and other neotropical primates, it does so i

141 VPR1A on the evolution of social behavior in owl monkeys, we sequenced this locus in a wild populatio

142 the middle temporal crescent area (MT(C)) in owl monkeys (Aotus trivirgatus), squirrel monkeys (Saimi

143 The actual changes in owl population size and structure observed during goshaw

144 be a specialization for enabling neurons in owl NM to transmit high-frequency temporal information w

145 IEGs, we not only revealed apparent ODCs in owl monkeys but also discovered a number of unique featu

146 V2 organization in owl monkeys also appears similar to that of other simian

147 al orientations than oblique orientations in owl monkey middle temporal visual area (MT), a visual ar

148 ndicating a higher Alu amplification rate in owl monkeys relative to many other primates.

149 Our data indicate that HIV-1 replication in owl monkeys is not restricted at entry but can be limite

150 n a ventromedial to dorsolateral sequence in owl, squirrel, and macaque monkeys, but an altered arran

151 (which accounted for 83% of the variation in owl reproductive success).

152 ction of a wild type HIV-1 reporter virus in owl monkey cells.

153 s in the representation of central vision in owl monkey V1 was relatively small and inconsistent.

154 In owls that experienced prisms beginning late in the juven

155 and ITD and ILD tuning in normal owls and in owls raised with an acoustic filtering device in one ear

156 In contrast, in owls adapting to prisms or readapting to normal conditio

157 tive selection for low-light vision genes in owls, which contributes to their remarkable nocturnal vi

158 tent with several behavioral observations in owls and may be relevant to other visual features and sp

159 Space representation in owls provides a useful example for discussion of place a

160 Plasticity of these maps has been studied in owls forced to wear prismatic spectacles that shift thei

161 Recent studies in owls and ferrets seem to have identified the origin and

162 and intrinsic factors interact to influence owl reproductive traits (breeding propensity, clutch siz

163 tions of biotinylated dextran were made into owl monkey V1, and the resulting labeled axons were reco

164 Juvenile owls that learn new, abnormal associations between audit

165 Although juvenile owls readily acquire alternative maps of auditory space

166 In juvenile owls, plasticity in the OT increased as plasticity in th

167 In juvenile owls, this region of the brain can acquire alternative m

168 Predation of juvenile owls was disproportionately high.

169 When juvenile owls are reared with prismatic spectacles (prisms) that

170 Detection dogs (Canis familiaris) located owl pellets accumulated under roost sites, within search

171 of such connections in New World marmosets, owl monkeys, and squirrel monkeys.

172 ving branches (e.g. humans, macaque monkeys, owl monkeys) is difficult for several reasons.

173 activity patterns ("early birds" and "night owls") has been hypothesized but has remained elusive.

174 monkey (Saimiri sciureus) and the nocturnal owl monkey (Aotus trivirgatis).

175 We conclude that the nocturnal owl monkey has a specialized perinasal thermoreceptive t

176 in the diurnal monkeys than in the nocturnal owl monkey, perhaps reflecting the importance of color w

177 erus and Buteo brachyurus) and two nocturnal owls (Bubo virginianus and Strix varia).

178 and narrowband ITD and ILD tuning in normal owls and in owls raised with an acoustic filtering devic

179 In normal owls, units were tuned to frequency-specific ITD and ILD

180 al (PMD) and ventral (PMV) premotor areas of owl monkeys.

181 to visual stimuli in extrastriate cortex of owl monkeys provided evidence for the dorsal half of the

182 eral sulcus and posterior parietal cortex of owl monkeys, galagos, and macaques help identify areas t

183 Here we show that knockdown of owl monkey CypA by RNA interference (RNAi) correlates wi

184 tes, the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of owl monkeys contains three anatomically and physiologica

185 D4 receptors encoded by two other species of owl monkeys (Aotus azarae and Aotus nancymaae) also serv

186 Finally, V3 of owl monkeys shows a compartmental organization for orien

187 of raptorial birds consisting exclusively of owls: the Tytonidae (barn owls) and the Strigidae (true

188 re of competitive interactions in the Ipc of owls by using two complementary protocols: in the first

189 The nocturnality of owls, unusual within birds, has favored an exceptional v

190 frequently preserved in the fossil record of owls.

191 ning that are observed in the optic tecta of owls raised with abnormal auditory experience.

192 The overall impact on owl population size varied by up to 50%, depending on th

193 tor abundance) had the greatest influence on owl reproduction.

194 we estimate that effects of traffic noise on owls' ability to detect prey reach >120 m from a road, w

195 ts to examine the effect of traffic noise on owls' ability to detect prey.

196 Among New World primates, only owl monkeys exhibit post-entry restriction of HIV-1.

197 mately, dampened prey cycles would drive our owl local population towards extinction, with winter cli

198 re, we demonstrate that heat shock perturbed owl monkey TRIMCyp and rhesus TRIM5alpha-mediated restri

199 ledge in Sawmill Sink is a Late Pleistocene owl roost that features lizards (one species), snakes (t

200 As predicted, owls localized periodic signals in illusory directions,

201 ssible to infer the body mass of prehistoric owls by analysing tarsometatarsi, an element that is fre

202 restriction, proteasome inhibition prevented owl monkey TRIM-CypA restriction of HIV-1 reverse transc

203 squirrel monkeys) and one nocturnal primate (owl monkey).

204 ually evoked activity in MT in two primates, owl monkeys and galagos, where MT is exposed on the brai

205 previously described in the laboratory rat, owl monkey, and squirrel monkey.

206 sentation of ITD in normal and device-reared owls in two nuclei in the ascending pathway: the externa

207 In contrast, in device-reared owls, ITD tuning at most sites was shifted from normal b

208 on of results from juvenile and prism-reared owls indicated that prism experience led to topographica

209 ace may underlie the ability of prism-reared owls to readapt to normal conditions as adults.

210 In prism-reared owls, unit tuning for ITD was shifted in the adaptive di

211 rojection zone was preserved in prism-reared owls.

212 rain gaze fields, in normal and prism-reared owls.

213 ern spotted and barred owl without requiring owl vocalization.

214 lable from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro.owl.

215 he CD4 receptor encoded by permissive Spix's owl monkey alleles.

216 me, but not all, CD4 alleles found in Spix's owl monkeys (Aotus vociferans) encode functional recepto

217 al CD4 alleles in a colony of captive Spix's owl monkeys and found that 88% of surveyed individuals a

218 oyed a triple-labeling technique in the same owl monkey (Aotus trivirgatus).

219 ecting and OV-projecting neurons in the same owl, it was confirmed that neurons in IC project to eith

220 hat occurred in the optic tectum in the same owls.

221 ing observed in the optic tectum of the same owls.

222 cated inside the RF in nitrous oxide sedated owls.

223 ross the primary auditory cortex (AI) in six owl monkeys (Aotus trivirgatus).

224 Spotted owl and barred owl detection probabilities were signific

225 federal actions to conserve northern spotted owl (Strix occidentalis caurina) habitat are largely ini

226 Northern spotted owl occupancy is typically assessed by eliciting their r

227 n spotted owls-can suppress northern spotted owl responsiveness to vocalization surveys and hence the

228 For spotted owls, this difference increased with number of site visi

229 detection probabilities of northern spotted owls were 29% after session 1, 62% after session 2, and

230 iple times in an area where northern spotted owls were known to nest prior to 1997 and barred owl den

231 ia)-a significant threat to northern spotted owls-can suppress northern spotted owl responsiveness to

232 etween these two possibilities, we subjected owls to optical conditions that differed in the center o

233 auditory space map was induced by subjecting owls to a chronic prismatic displacement of the visual f

234 a 27-year study of an avian predator (tawny owl) and its main prey (field vole) collected in Kielder

235 f reproductive data from marked female tawny owls and natural variation in food availability (field v

236 line in survival with age, observed in tawny owls.

237 Using recoveries of ringed tawny owls (Strix aluco) predated by 'superpredators', norther

238 n extrinsic conditions, which indicates that owl reproductive decisions were shaped by a complex seri

239 The owl can discriminate changes in the location of sound so

240 The owl monkey, Aotus azarae, has developed a fully nocturna

241 The owl roost fauna includes Rallus undescribed sp. (extinct

242 The owl's auditory system computes interaural time (ITD) and

243 The owl's external nucleus of the inferior colliculus (ICx)

244 The owl's nucleus laminaris contains coincidence detector ne

245 Later, the two systems diverge, and the owl's brainstem auditory nuclei undergo a secondary morp

246 emur griseus, or of platyrrhines such as the owl monkey, Aotus trivirgatus, or the titi monkey, Calli

247 In both the owl and the chicken, Kv3.1 was targeted postsynaptically

248 encing the population readout commanding the owl's sound-orienting behavior.

249 An HIV-1 variant modified to evade the owl monkey restriction factor TRIM-cyp replicated effici

250 mall genomic regions were recovered from the owl monkey genome, indicating a higher Alu amplification

251 We show how the owl's ITD map can emerge from a combined action of homos

252 In the owl midbrain, a map of auditory space is synthesized in

253 alidated by neural responses measured in the owl midbrain.

254 ternatively, the loss of color vision in the owl monkey could impact K pathway circuitry earlier in t

255 onkey (Aotus nancymaae) CD4 and CXCR4 in the owl monkey kidney cell line, OMK.

256 n in the cat, corticogeniculate axons in the owl monkey maintained topographic innervation in the LGN

257 Although visual responses in the owl monkey were significantly slower than in the squirre

258 rtion of a paralogous Alu Sq sequence in the owl monkey.

259 atterns of neural population activity in the owl optic tectum (OT) categorize stimuli based on their

260 ontrol area on sensory responsiveness in the owl OT are strikingly similar to the space-specific regu

261 ences neuronal responses and behavior in the owl's auditory system.

262 microstimulating a gaze-control area in the owl's forebrain, the arcopallial gaze fields (AGFs), on

263 Space-specific neurons in the owl's inferior colliculus have spatial receptive fields

264 Space-specific neurons in the owl's inferior colliculus respond only to a sound coming

265 Auditory space-specific neurons in the owl's inferior colliculus selectively respond to the dir

266 A cholinergic nucleus in the owl's midbrain exhibits functional properties that sugge

267 Neurons in the owl's midbrain show shifting receptive fields for moving

268 ency tuning of space-specific neurons in the owl's midbrain varies with their preferred sound locatio

269 itivity and gain of sensory responses in the owl's optic tectum (OT).

270 Thus, frequency tuning in the owl's space-specific neurons reflects a higher-order fea

271 The middle temporal visual area (MT) of the owl monkey is anatomically organized with respect to bot

272 areas, and they also suggest that MST of the owl monkey is, like MST of the macaque, functionally org

273 M5 (TRIM5alpha(rh)) or by the product of the owl monkey TRIM5-cyclophilin A gene fusion (TRIMCyp).

274 ted inhibition on adaptive adjustment of the owl's auditory space map during the initial phase of pla

275 vestigated these questions in neurons of the owl's external nucleus of the inferior colliculus, where

276 Because of the shape of the owl's head, these cues vary with frequency in a manner s

277 In the external nucleus (ICX) of the owl's inferior colliculus, ITD curves show multiple peak

278 We show that this change predicts the owl's ability to detect a change in source location.

279 We conclude that the owl monkey cellular restriction machinery recognizes a p

280 across single neurons are not unique to the owl's space-specific neurons but occur in mammalian visu

281 rrelated with behavioral improvements in the owls' ability to strike and capture prey.

282 When the owls hunted live prey, auditory maps shifted substantial

283 Anatomical results from these owls demonstrated that the topography of intrinsic OT co

284 species ranging from naked mole rats [1] to owls [2], chimpanzees are the most accomplished tool use

285 ytonidae (barn owls) and the Strigidae (true owls), united by a suite of adaptations aiding a keen pr

286 brain sections from two macaque monkeys, two owl monkeys, two squirrel monkeys, and three galagos tha

287 , megapode, quail, four rails, cockatoo, two owls, and crow) are not part of the current avifauna and

288 When owls are raised wearing prismatic spectacles that displa

289 When owls were breeding in territories less exposed to goshaw

290 , we report a series of experiments in which owl monkeys performed reaching movements guided by spati

291 goshawk abundance appeared to interact with owl food availability to have a delayed effect on recrui

292 trigeminal nucleus caudalis of the New World owl monkey that is not immunoreactive for substance P or

293 re from two prosimian galagos, one New World owl monkey, one Old World macaque monkey, and one baboon

294 Sixteen New World owl monkeys (Aotus nancymae [karyotype 1, formerly belie

295 usion with TRIM5 that is unique to New World owl monkeys also targets HIV-1 CA, but this interaction

296 resentation in cortical area 3b of New World owl monkeys and squirrel monkeys.

297 New World owl monkeys, Old World macaque monkeys, and galagos shar

298 ion (MI) to identify ODCs in V1 of New World owl monkeys.

299 We altered auditory experience in young owls by implanting an acoustic filtering device in one e

300 Adaptive behavior in young owls is accompanied by a compensating shift in the respo