ライフサイエンスコーパス: pacing

1 ction fraction </=50% to biventricular or RV pacing.

2 options, with particular focus on His-bundle pacing.

3 guideline-based indications for ventricular pacing.

4 ally preferable approach for antibradycardia pacing.

5 s His-bundle (HIS) and left ventricular (LV) pacing.

6 ic instabilities and arrhythmias under rapid pacing.

7 ross the valve ring during rapid ventricular pacing.

8 characteristics of IC neurons to ventricular pacing.

9 plemented controls during physiological 1-Hz pacing.

10 s QRS alternans (although moderate) at rapid pacing.

11 L and heart failure status, compared with RV pacing.

12 patients benefit from upfront biventricular pacing.

13 oes not offer bradycardia or antitachycardia pacing.

14 ned during all ectopic beats and ventricular pacing.

15 </=50% to biventricular or right ventricular pacing.

16 s (0.3%) were replaced for right ventricular pacing.

17 ficult to locate in desired positions for LV pacing.

18 increased synchrony arising from endocardial pacing.

19 ivity during normal sinus rhythm and ectopic pacing.

20 AN cells, whereas inhibition of IP3 Rs slows pacing.

21 important phrenic nerve stimulation from IPL pacing.

22 equired permanent single-chamber ventricular pacing.

23 r-field potentials that can be recognized by pacing.

24 inotropic agents, volume resuscitation, and pacing.

25 ic reverse remodeling with right ventricular pacing.

26 induced vasovagal syncope compared with sham pacing.

27 characteristics were analyzed during atrial pacing.

28 cal results with conventional single-chamber pacing.

29 dle pacing, and endocardial left ventricular pacing.

30 ynamics of an atrial cell subjected to rapid pacing.

31 nction and caused missed pumps during 3.7 Hz pacing.

32 arrhythmic pauses alternating with bursts of pacing.

33 tantial cytotoxicity, which hindered optical pacing.

34 left ventricular (LV) pacing, and His-bundle pacing.

35 e interval, 0-3) required rescue ventricular pacing.

36 14 versus 0%; P=0.004), and need for chronic pacing (10% versus 0%; P=0.008).

37 QRS duration was shorter during LVS pacing (144 +/- 20 ms) than during RVA (172 +/- 33 ms; P

38 (172 +/- 33 ms; P = 0.02 versus LVS) and RVS pacing (165 +/- 17 ms; P = 0.004 versus LVS).

39 nt alternans (Ca2+ALT) were induced by rapid pacing (300-120 ms) before and after the XO inhibitor al

40 sinus rhythm, and reinduction of AF by burst pacing (50 Hz) was prevented in 8 of 8 pigs.

41 , and epicardial and endocardial ventricular pacing (65 records in total).

42 ced LVdP/dtmax compared with baseline atrial pacing (-7.1 +/- 4.1% and -6.9 +/- 4.3%, respectively),

43 a median of 14.3 (range, 13.4-17.6) years of pacing, 7 patients continue with their original lead.

44 Using our premature pacing algorithm, pentageminal PVCs at coupling interval

45 tic pacing and to examine whether stochastic pacing allows discriminating between voltage-driven and

46 In conclusion, stochastic pacing allows the practical estimation of lambdaalt to r

47 showed little change with right ventricular pacing alone, indicating no systematic reverse remodelin

48 logy) trial, which demonstrated a benefit of pacing among patients with recurrent syncope and asystol

49 adenine dinucleotide fluorescence following pacing and 2) increased distance between mitochondria an

50 battery life reset to ventricular inhibited pacing and could not be reprogrammed; the device was sub

51 Implantable cardiac pacing and defibrillation devices are effective and comm

52 se of simulations to improve anti-arrhythmic pacing and defibrillation interventions; to predict opti

53 The pacing and duration of ecosystem change during extinctio

54 nic devices enabling, for example, multisite pacing and implantation of internal cardiac defibrillato

55 d points were inappropriate anti-tachycardia pacing and inappropriate ICD shock.

56 is best suited for patients at low risk for pacing and increased risk for transvenous lead complicat

57 These studies demonstrate that electric pacing and mechanical stimulation promote maturation of

58 diac implantable electronic devices includes pacing and perhaps defibrillation without a lead travers

59 ort who had an indication for single-chamber pacing and received an LCP between December 2012 and Apr

60 ntracellular calcium dynamics during control pacing and reveals the high-resolution 3-D spatial struc

61 sing CARTO3v4 in sinus rhythm or ventricular pacing and reviewed for ripple mapping conducting channe

62 leadless cardiac pacemaker met prespecified pacing and sensing requirements in the large majority of

63 ppropriate ICD intervention (antitachycardia pacing and shocks) occurred more often in the TV-ICD gro

64 d trials and observational studies examining pacing and syncope, and the bibliographies of known syst

65 between the stimulus to QRS duration during pacing and the lateness of a capturing electrogram (P<0.

66 ationship between the variance of stochastic pacing and the occurrence of spatially discordant altern

67 oping HF in the setting of right ventricular pacing and to determine whether these patients benefit f

68 fy lambdaalt experimentally using stochastic pacing and to examine whether stochastic pacing allows d

69 ical function, allowing simultaneous optical pacing and Vm mapping.

70 xia, neurohormonal stimulation, and electric pacing, and are amenable to patch clamp and adenoviral g

71 hniques such as multisite pacing, His bundle pacing, and endocardial left ventricular pacing.

72 biventricular pacing, left ventricular (LV) pacing, and His-bundle pacing.

73 percent atrial pacing, percent biventricular pacing, and implant year.

74 Synchronized LV pacing, multisite LV pacing, and LV endocardial pacing offer promise as novel

75 At rapid pacing, APD maps show areas of conduction block in the f

76 b/ligand was also suitable for cardiomyocyte pacing, as shown in experiments performed on zebrafish h

77 cing for 12 months followed by sham DDI mode pacing at 30 pulses/min for 12 months (group A), or sham

78 3 versus 76.8 +/- 8 ms, P < 0.01) and atrial pacing at 400 ms (102 +/- 13 versus 91 +/- 9 ms, P < 0.0

79 Cs at 375 ms compared with rapid ventricular pacing at 400 ms (P<0.0001), whereas no difference was f

80 we retrospectively analyzed electrograms and pacing at 546 separate low bipolar voltage (<1.5 mV) sit

81 l anesthesia, AF was induced by burst atrial pacing at baseline and after 1 h of LLTS or sham treatme

82 on, action potential properties under steady pacing at different rates, restitution properties, block

83 Antitachycardia pacing (ATP) in implantable cardioverter-defibrillators

84 d as the leading candidate for physiological pacing because it provides nearly normal electrical acti

85 ith beta-adrenergic stimulation or increased pacing because of protein kinase A and CaMKIIdelta phosp

86 hasic stimuli in low-energy antifibrillation pacing being advantageous.

87 ugh alternate RV pacing sites, minimizing RV pacing, biventricular pacing, left ventricular (LV) paci

88 y ablation (AVNA) with permanent ventricular pacing can be used to control rate in patients with atri

89 Although right ventricular pacing can contribute to cardiomyopathy, the impact of c

90 cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) with pacing capability (CRT-P)/defibrillation capability (CRT

91 onstrated a </=0.5 V increase in ventricular pacing capture threshold (100% MRI vs. 98.8% control, no

92 primary efficacy endpoints were ventricular pacing capture threshold and ventricular sensing amplitu

93 e percentage of patients with low and stable pacing capture thresholds at 6 months (</=2.0 V at a pul

94 After catheterization, a transvenous pacing catheter was placed and adenosine was given follo

95 to different mechanical stress and electric pacing conditions.

96 The following pacing configurations were systematically assessed: stan

97 apy (CRT) with defibrillation (CRT-D) versus pacing (CRT-P) for patients with nonischemic cardiomyopa

98 eir step rate and length to sudden shifts in pacing cue tempo.

99 on a treadmill in synchrony with a series of pacing cue tones, and quickly adapting their step rate a

100 tation to shifts in the tempo of an auditory pacing cue: (8-13 Hz) mu rhythm and (13-35 Hz) beta band

101 .001) in 12 native failing hearts at 1000 ms pacing cycle length (PCL).

102 As pacing cycle length decreases, both the normal and faili

103 During 1-s pacing cycle length in the absence of 4-aminopyridine, a

104 induce bradycardia-dependent EADs at a long pacing cycle length of 6 s, when native rabbit Ito is su

105 EADs disappeared when the pacing cycle length was shortened to 1 s, when Ito becom

106 During 6-s pacing cycle length, EADs were blocked by the Ito blocke

107 sive pacing (DDDR) versus nonrate-responsive pacing (DDD) has shown no survival benefit for patients

108 Rate-responsive pacing (DDDR) versus nonrate-responsive pacing (DDD) has

109 r endocardial (en) versus epicardial (ep) LV pacing (defined as %dLV=100x(LVLATep-LVLATen)/LVLATep an

110 ng mode was changed to asynchronous mode for pacing-dependent patients and to demand mode for other p

111 Successful CRT using coronary venous pacing depends on appropriate patient selection, lead im

112 nvestigations and in patients with implanted pacing devices to determine the susceptibility to, and t

113 k simulations to reveal the conditions (i.e. pacing, drugs, sympathetic stimulation) required for tri

114 tudy opens the perspective to use stochastic pacing during clinical investigations and in patients wi

115 ation of continuous right ventricular apical pacing during tachycardia effectively distinguishes betw

116 ation of continuous right ventricular apical pacing during tachycardia.

117 underwent implantation of an LV endocardial pacing electrode and a subcutaneous pulse generator.

118 a wireless left ventricular (LV) endocardial pacing electrode.

119 ivered via left ventricular (LV) endocardial pacing (ENDO-CRT) is associated with improved acute hemo

120 andard right ventricular apex+LV and LV-only pacing enhanced systolic function and LV synchrony at in

121 dynamic response compared with LV epicardial pacing (EPI-CRT).

122 to have a higher burden of right ventricular pacing, experienced an increased risk of new-onset HF af

123 m DDI mode for 12 months followed by DDD-CLS pacing for 12 months (group B).

124 Patients were randomized to either DDD-CLS pacing for 12 months followed by sham DDI mode pacing at

125 AF was induced and maintained by burst pacing for 6 weeks.

126 and function are improved with biventricular pacing for patients with atrioventricular block and LV s

127 morbidities, AVNA with permanent ventricular pacing for rate control seems safe during follow-up and

128 The evidence does not support the use of pacing for reflex-mediated syncope beyond patients with

129 body temperature and found that 1) at a low pacing frequency of 0.5 Hz, the upper and lower bounds c

130 pharynx either locked in pumping at half the pacing frequency or stopped pumping altogether, possibly

131 )]sm value to approximately 9 mM; 2) at 2 Hz pacing frequency, [Na(+)]sm is bounded between 9 mM at r

132 onse (FFR), a change in developed force with pacing frequency.

133 an 77.2% of baseline QRS duration) confirmed pacing from a late activated RV area.

134 The response to overdrive pacing from different zones of the circuit was examined.

135 Overdrive pacing from isthmus sites determined by activation mappi

136 er a shock or an appropriate antitachycardia pacing from their implantable cardioverter defibrillator

137 pacemakers are limited to right ventricular pacing, future advanced, communicating, multicomponent s

138 Permanent His-bundle pacing has emerged as the leading candidate for physiolo

139 amics in ventricular myocytes under periodic pacing have been developed to study the mechanisms of Ca

140 for alternative techniques such as multisite pacing, His bundle pacing, and endocardial left ventricu

141 By contrast, HIS-LV pacing improved hemodynamic indexes at all AVD (stroke v

142 1 per patient-year), and for antibradycardia pacing in 1 (0.003 per patient-year).

143 ion relative to right ventricular apex (RVA) pacing in animals.

144 ch block by atrial-synchronized RV free wall pacing in complete fusion with spontaneous ventricular d

145 Biventricular pacing in heart failure (HF) improves survival, relieves

146 (Biventricular Versus Right Ventricular Pacing in Heart Failure Patients With Atrioventricular B

147 K HF (Biventricular Versus Right Ventricular Pacing in Heart Failure Patients With Atrioventricular B

148 The Biventricular versus Right Ventricular Pacing in Heart Failure Patients with Atrioventricular B

149 However, little is known about biventricular pacing in HF patients with atrioventricular block becaus

150 Transvenous pacing in infants <10 kg results in encouraging short- a

151 enabling beat-to-beat adaptation of cardiac pacing in response to physiological feedback.

152 Structural heart disease or inadvertent pacing in scar was not associated with changes in E12; h

153 Atrial pacing in the presence of mANP induced arrhythmias in 62

154 AF was initiated by applied ectopic pacing in the pulmonary veins, which led to the generati

155 Pacing in vasovagal syncope remains controversial.

156 e deleterious effects of long-term RV apical pacing in vulnerable populations has created tremendous

157 reduction in inappropriate anti-tachycardia pacings in both group and a significant reduction in ina

158 sing rate-adaptive pacing (versus fixed-rate pacing) in unselected patients with CHF does not improve

159 gher O2 consumption rates (OCR) and impaired pacing induced mechanical performance compared with wild

160 We investigated the role of fusing pacing-induced activation and intrinsic conduction in ca

161 Pacing-induced AF duration decreased significantly by 6.

162 effective refractory periods and acute burst pacing-induced AF were examined in anaesthetized open ch

163 Pacing-induced APD and CaT alternans were studied in sin

164 We also used a goat model of pacing-induced atrial fibrillation (24 with atrial fibri

165 e form of pre-recorded APs (AP-clamp) during pacing-induced CaT alternans revealed a Ca(2+)-dependent

166 8X/+) hearts had an increased propensity for pacing-induced or spontaneous VF initiated by short-coup

167 nol), only Casq2(-/-) atrial myocytes showed pacing-induced self-sustained repetitive activity (31 +/

168 wed that spontaneous Ca(2+) release preceded pacing-induced triggered activity at subendocardial PCs.

169 Finally, accelerated pacing initiated wave reentry and breakup in the failing

170 Cardiac pacing is an effective treatment for patients with brady

171 isk of AF in patients receiving dual chamber pacing is independently associated with LA size and func

172 functioning hearts and stimulated by cardiac pacing; it thus functioned as an ideal therapeutic trans

173 Permanent placement of an LVS pacing lead by transvenous approach through the interven

174 d to establish permanent placement of an LVS pacing lead in patients using a transvenous approach thr

175 AVNS was delivered via a right atrial pacing lead positioned in the posterior right atrium.

176 A custom pacing lead with extended helix was introduced via the l

177 Pacing leads were placed into the right ventricular apex

178 ffers a potential alternative to endocardial pacing leads.

179 g sites, minimizing RV pacing, biventricular pacing, left ventricular (LV) pacing, and His-bundle pac

180 n ventricular model with VF induced by rapid pacing; light sensitisation via systemic, cardiac-specif

181 nd -6.9 +/- 4.3%, respectively), whereas LVS pacing maintained LVdP/dtmax at baseline level (1.0 +/-

182 T were induced at electrophysiology study by pacing maneuvers and autonomic stimulation or occurred s

183 g electrogram (P<0.001), but electrogram and pacing markers of slow conduction were discordant at 40%

184 predominantly AF and secondary SND, cardiac pacing may be the mainstay of therapy for patients with

185 Sustained right ventricular (RV) apical pacing may lead to deterioration in ventricular function

186 suggest that early transvenous phrenic nerve pacing may mitigate ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunc

187 This new pacing method could serve as an alternative and hemodyna

188 The pacing mode was changed to asynchronous mode for pacing-

189 Synchronized LV pacing, multisite LV pacing, and LV endocardial pacing o

190 5), or biventricular (n = 4) or bradycardia pacing (n = 1).

191 lock and systolic dysfunction, biventricular pacing not only reduces the risk of mortality/morbidity,

192 The pacing of glacial-interglacial cycles during the Quatern

193 reorganization of the basin, a change in the pacing of hydroclimate variability associated with the M

194 Epicardial pacing of the injection site identified matching beats a

195 ing, multisite LV pacing, and LV endocardial pacing offer promise as novel pacing options in select p

196 nd mechanically ventilated for 2.5 days with pacing on alternate breaths at intensities that reduced

197 primary performance endpoint, biventricular pacing on the 12-lead electrocardiogram at 1 month, was

198 fect of mechanical conditioning and electric pacing on the maturation of human-induced pluripotent st

199 amics, electrotonic coupling, and stochastic pacing on the nodal dynamics of spatially discordant alt

200 Pacing optimization has been demonstrated as effective i

201 LV endocardial pacing offer promise as novel pacing options in select patients.

202 aper reviews the current status of available pacing options, with particular focus on His-bundle paci

203 has created tremendous interest in alternate pacing options.

204 ented by a 12-lead electrocardiogram without pacing or atrial fibrillation noted on their baseline Ja

205 force and twitch kinetics because increased pacing or beta1-adrenergic stimulation were nearly absen

206 tients at rest and during incremental atrial pacing or supine bicycle ergometry.

207 tion, defibrillation, cardioversion, cardiac pacing, or treatments targeted at the underlying disease

208 The HRSc did not change with DDD pacing over time.

209 (63% in control vs. 44% in MI to ventricular pacing; P < 0.01).

210 Better prediction of cardiac pacing patients at risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) woul

211 de partially suppressed the arrhythmic burst pacing pattern of intact NCX KO SAN tissue.

212 r age, sex, lower rate limit, percent atrial pacing, percent biventricular pacing, and implant year.

213 ysmal in 69.5%, did not reduce biventricular pacing percentage.

214 The pacing performance results at 6- and 12-month follow-up

215 We also show that stochastic pacing permits the estimation of further markers disting

216 CaMKIIdelta, which is activated by increased pacing, phosphorylated ser302 principally, ser282 to a l

217 nd QRS morphological change when restricting pacing points to areas of voltage >0.5 mV.

218 Nine hundred thirty-five pacing points were collected, generating 6219 pacing sit

219 entially decreased to ventricular vs. atrial pacing post-MI (63% in control vs. 44% in MI to ventricu

220 on (after 30 to 60 days of right ventricular pacing postimplant) and every 6 months through 24 months

221 as the basis for low-energy antifibrillation pacing, potentially more effective than traditional sing

222 LVS pacing preserves acute left ventricular pump function.

223 used intracoronarily at the beginning of the pacing protocol or during compensated heart failure.

224 in calcineurin activation during changes in pacing rate for neonatal versus adult myocytes.

225 timulation of IP3 Rs accelerates spontaneous pacing rate in isolated mouse SAN cells, whereas inhibit

226 t and human at physiological temperature and pacing rate, and conclude that species differences requi

227 y leads to aperiodic response of Ca at rapid pacing rates that is caused by the complex interplay bet

228 on and produced EADs, in particular, at slow pacing rates.

229 ence or disappearance, respectively, at fast pacing rates.

230 RVA and RVS pacing reduced LVdP/dtmax compared with baseline atrial

231 review of the biomedical literature, whether pacing reduces risk of recurrent syncope and relevant cl

232 Left ventricular septal (LVS) pacing reduces ventricular dyssynchrony and improves car

233 Leadless cardiac pacing represents the future of cardiac pacing systems,

234 e AAI, right ventricular apex+LV and LV-only pacing resulted in improved stroke volume (85+/-32 mL an

235 In vivo electrophysiology using atrial burst pacing revealed that mice with global RGS4 deletion deve

236 sis without regurgitation, and possibly more pacing runs, earlier date of procedure, and no dual anti

237 Right ventricular pacing (RVP) increases risk of atrial fibrillation in pa

238 output when compared with clinically derived pacing settings in the postoperative period.

239 Patients with biventricular pacing showed greater improvement in NYHA functional cla

240 Biventricular pacing significantly reduced LV volume indices and intra

241 DDD-CLS pacing significantly reduced syncope burden and time to

242 The q-RV interval at the RV free wall pacing site (mean 77.2% of baseline QRS duration) confir

243 acing points were collected, generating 6219 pacing site pair combinations (3087 [50%] ventricular bo

244 hnological advances, the optimal ventricular pacing site to mimic normal human ventricular physiology

245 he search has continued through alternate RV pacing sites, minimizing RV pacing, biventricular pacing

246 o perform comfortable gaits (e.g. ambling or pacing), so-called 'gaited' horses, have been highly val

247 01D increased spontaneous contractions after pacing stress.

248 failed to reach a new steady state following pacing, suggesting impaired matching of energy supply an

249 0.05, n = 4) only in response to electrical pacing, suggesting impaired mechanosensitivity.

250 A leadless intracardiac transcatheter pacing system has been designed to avoid the need for a

251 6 kg (2.7-10 kg)-had a permanent transvenous pacing system implanted.

252 emonstrated a remote-controlled miniaturized pacing system with low power consumption, thereby provid

253 ion that occurred from the use of epicardial pacing systems to the familiar transvenous systems of to

254 diac pacing represents the future of cardiac pacing systems, similar to the transition that occurred

255 evidence and potential benefits of leadless pacing systems, which are either commercially available

256 rect randomized comparison with conventional pacing systems, will be required to define the proper cl

257 e lead-related complications of conventional pacing systems.

258 darone recipients required temporary cardiac pacing than did recipients of lidocaine or placebo.

259 on of synaptic inputs appeared sufficient in pacing the activity of the GHRH neuronal population.

260 It has been hypothesized that electrically pacing the diaphragm during mechanical ventilation could

261 "Milankovitch" climate change in timing and pacing the Late Devonian mass extinction.

262 graphy-guided PN monitoring was performed by pacing the right PN at 60 per minute and recording diaph

263 al synchronous right ventricular (RV) apical pacing, the search has continued through alternate RV pa

264 cise therapy (GET) were superior to adaptive pacing therapy (APT) or SMC alone in improving fatigue a

265 proving physical function than both adaptive pacing therapy (APT) plus SMC and SMC alone for chronic

266 ne catheter-based, transvenous phrenic nerve pacing therapy for protecting the diaphragm in sedated a

267 Cumulative duration of pacing therapy ranged from 19.7 to 35.7 hours.

268 s eigenvalue can be estimated in practice by pacing these cells at intervals varying stochastically.

269 e MSDB play a central role in generating and pacing theta-band oscillations in the hippocampal format

270 at the cerebellum plays an important role in pacing those tremors.

271 ry efficacy end point was both an acceptable pacing threshold (</=2.0 V at 0.4 msec) and an acceptabl

272 llow-up were, respectively, as follows: mean pacing threshold (at a 0.4-ms pulse width), 0.40 +/- 0.2

273 layed effects including signal interference, pacing threshold changes, and premature battery depletio

274 to conventional CRT (n = 10), and a high CS pacing threshold or phrenic nerve capture (n = 5).

275 R-wave amplitude and pacing threshold were 12.2 +/- 6.7 mV and 0.5 +/- 0.2 V

276 Pacing threshold within the area of low voltage was lowe

277 Changes in lead impedance, pacing threshold, battery voltage, and P-wave and R-wave

278 in 1.7%), cardiac perforation (in 1.3%), and pacing-threshold elevation requiring percutaneous retrie

279 venous system while providing low and stable pacing thresholds.

280 mes, ranging from intermittent inappropriate pacing to proarrhythmia leading to patient mortality.

281 entry but abnormal electrical events after a pacing train in RGS4(-/-) mice.

282 Larger leadless pacing trials, with long-term follow-up and direct rando

283 in Langendorff perfused rat hearts by burst pacing until sustained VF was induced.

284 m, delivery catheter in the body time, rapid pacing used during valvuloplasty, and repositioning of t

285 Temporary transvenous phrenic nerve pacing using a novel electrode-bearing catheter may prov

286 ction; 2) increasing HRR using rate-adaptive pacing (versus fixed-rate pacing) in unselected patients

287 tient population by performing biventricular pacing via a wireless left ventricular (LV) endocardial

288 o terminate re-entrant AT (induced via rapid pacing) via optogenetic stimulation.

289 pen-label (unblinded) studies, we found that pacing was associated with a 70% reduction in recurrent

290 When electric pacing was combined with static stress conditioning, the

291 cute hemodynamic effect of RVA, RVS, and LVS pacing was evaluated by invasive LVdP/dtmax measurements

292 sgenic mouse and a pig model of rapid atrial pacing, we found that oxidation products (such as 4-hydr

293 e most common indications for endocardial LV pacing were difficult CS anatomy (n =12), failure to res

294 ement of ripple bars, during sinus rhythm or pacing, which were distinct from surrounding tissue and

295 In this First-in-Human series, diaphragm pacing with a temporary catheter was safe and effectivel

296 Overdrive pacing with capture of the tachycardia from within the a

297 The authors evaluated dual-chamber pacing with closed loop stimulation (DDD-CLS) in patient

298 t RyR2(R4497C), were unable to follow 3.7 Hz pacing, with progressive defects during long stimulus tr

299 d persistence of arrhythmias induced by fast pacing, with unstable scroll waves meandering and freque

300 By contrast, HIS+LV pacing yielded improvements, regardless of AVD setting.