ライフサイエンスコーパス: paraxial mesoderm

1 d sort symmetrically into the left and right paraxial mesoderm.

2 tent inhibitors of myogenesis in the cranial paraxial mesoderm.

3 the primitive streak and a selective loss of paraxial mesoderm.

4 uctive signals from local tissues, including paraxial mesoderm.

5 ll populations, the cranial neural crest and paraxial mesoderm.

6 he lumbosacral (LS) spinal cord and adjacent paraxial mesoderm.

7 d, and after axial displacement of posterior paraxial mesoderm.

8 chondrogenic and myogenic differentiation of paraxial mesoderm.

9 mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition of the paraxial mesoderm.

10 the FGFs, FGF8 is strongly expressed by the paraxial mesoderm.

11 thoracic levels and likely to originate from paraxial mesoderm.

12 esoderm mainly at the expense of the somitic paraxial mesoderm.

13 ttern of fak mRNA expression in the anterior paraxial mesoderm.

14 s: neuroectoderm, lateral plate mesoderm and paraxial mesoderm.

15 t for retinoic acid signalling from adjacent paraxial mesoderm.

16 he features of the embryonic spinal cord and paraxial mesoderm.

17 g that pMesogenin1 is involved in specifying paraxial mesoderm.

18 o play a significant role in segmentation of paraxial mesoderm.

19 ily devoted to formation and segmentation of paraxial mesoderm.

20 iption factors, Brachyury or Tbx6, also lack paraxial mesoderm.

21 oderm lineages, including chordamesoderm and paraxial mesoderm.

22 ecular and cellular characteristics of early paraxial mesoderm.

23 of EphA4, an anterior segment marker, in the paraxial mesoderm.

24 ated in Wnt3a mutants in cells fated to form paraxial mesoderm.

25 ighly dynamic prepatterned subdomains of the paraxial mesoderm.

26 he early E8.5 pioneer neural crest cells and paraxial mesoderm.

27 nd to reduced Notch1 expression in the mouse paraxial mesoderm.

28 , in agreement with its normal expression in paraxial mesoderm.

29 xpands and generates the spinal cord and the paraxial mesoderm.

30 ents required for the formation of axial and paraxial mesoderm.

31 at profoundly affects the differentiation of paraxial mesoderm.

32 initially in Spemann's organizer and then in paraxial mesoderm.

33 n the initiation of patterning of vertebrate paraxial mesoderm.

34 ng notochord and blocking differentiation of paraxial mesoderm.

35 gene may be involved in the specification of paraxial mesoderm.

36 l requires secondary signals produced in the paraxial mesoderm.

37 to positionally restricted signals from the paraxial mesoderm.

38 a different myogenic potential of the caudal paraxial mesoderm.

39 derived from both cephalic neural crest and paraxial mesoderm.

40 ate, expressing paraxis, a gene expressed in paraxial mesoderm.

41 cells fated to continue ingressing and form paraxial mesoderm.

42 anscription factor in the development of the paraxial mesoderm.

43 lateral plate mesoderm, but is unaffected in paraxial mesoderm.

44 opic induction of PTC in the neural tube and paraxial mesoderm.

45 in the primitive streak and newly recruited paraxial mesoderm.

46 rmation of more posterior derivatives of the paraxial mesoderm.

47 orm neuroectoderm, lateral plate mesoderm or paraxial mesoderm.

48 the dorsolateral plate rather than from the paraxial mesoderm.

49 rply down-regulated upon segmentation of the paraxial mesoderm.

50 chrony of the differentiation process in the paraxial mesoderm.

51 al and peripheral nervous systems and in the paraxial mesoderm.

52 populations of renal stroma originate in the paraxial mesoderm.

53 tebrates--are rhythmically produced from the paraxial mesoderm.

54 anizing centers, such as the floor plate and paraxial mesoderm.

55 odes are concomitantly at work to set up the paraxial mesoderm.

56 ton of vertebrates derive from the embryonic paraxial mesoderm.

57 a5 activation, and FN matrix assembly in the paraxial mesoderm.

58 n; as a result, the embryos have very little paraxial mesoderm.

59 process that results in segmentation of the paraxial mesoderm.

60 the spinal cord originates from the adjacent paraxial mesoderm.

61 ch adjacent to the source of RA synthesis in paraxial mesoderm.

62 es derived from neural crest cells (NCC) and paraxial mesoderm.

63 the elongating spinal cord and the adjacent paraxial mesoderm.

64 e entire spinal cord and also contributes to paraxial mesoderm.

65 issue that transiently stops dividing is the paraxial mesoderm, a dynamically mobile tissue that form

66 We show that RA synthesized in the anterior paraxial mesoderm adjacent to the foregut is necessary f

67 form in a rostrocaudal progression from the paraxial mesoderm adjacent to the neural tube.

68 requires bilateral rhythmic segmentation of paraxial mesoderm along the antero-posterior axis.

69 We show that signals from paraxial mesoderm also control the much finer-grained se

70 Stage 13-14 paraxial mesoderm also exhibited a myogenic response to

71 quent patterning and specification steps for paraxial mesoderm also fail, leading to a complete absen

72 mitotically in concert with the surrounding paraxial mesoderm, although no myogenic potential was ev

73 ed by regulating transcript stability in the paraxial mesoderm and by selective translation and/or de

74 opus, zebrafish chordin is also expressed in paraxial mesoderm and ectoderm and in localized regions

75 potential nature of the progenitor cells for paraxial mesoderm and establish regulatory relationships

76 l to the rostrocaudal axis between the trunk paraxial mesoderm and IM before stage 8 developed a pron

77 /et-1 is expressed in a central core of arch paraxial mesoderm and in arch epithelia, both surface ec

78 Retinoic acid (RA) is produced by the paraxial mesoderm and is an inducer of neural differenti

79 pically expressing Tbx6 within the segmented paraxial mesoderm and its derivatives using a 3-componen

80 are expressed in overlapping patterns in the paraxial mesoderm and its derivatives.

81 Pax3 gene is an early marker for the entire paraxial mesoderm and its dorsal derivative, the dermomy

82 ene is specifically expressed in unsegmented paraxial mesoderm and its immediate progenitors.

83 se a severe defect in the differentiation of paraxial mesoderm and lead to the formation of additiona

84 uppression of Wnt signals emanating from the paraxial mesoderm and midbrain territory.

85 m myogenic progenitors that originate in the paraxial mesoderm and migrate into the limb-bud mesenchy

86 In both species, expression of Hoxc8 in the paraxial mesoderm and neural tube is associated with mid

87 nous retinoic acid in signalling between the paraxial mesoderm and neural tube.

88 ion in zebrafish resulted in an expansion of paraxial mesoderm and neurectoderm at the expense of mor

89 ment of pattern within the neurectoderm, the paraxial mesoderm and other tissues.

90 normal timing of recruitment of prospective paraxial mesoderm and partially rescues the development

91 n is limited to the overlying ectoderm, core paraxial mesoderm and pharyngeal pouch endoderm of the m

92 Outside of the paraxial mesoderm and prior to apparent reduction of the

93 tablishment of a segmental prepattern in the paraxial mesoderm and prior to somite boundary formation

94 at Paraxis acts as an important regulator of paraxial mesoderm and somite development and functions i

95 loop-helix transcription factor expressed in paraxial mesoderm and somites.

96 on of three tissue layers, the endoderm, the paraxial mesoderm and the neural crest cells; however, t

97 cells that originate from both the cephalic paraxial mesoderm and the neural crest populate the head

98 n of Wee2 increases the mitotic index of the paraxial mesoderm and this results in the failure of con

99 cription factor expressed in the unsegmented paraxial mesoderm and throughout epithelial somites befo

100 Tbx6 expression is restricted to presomitic, paraxial mesoderm and to the tail bud, which replaces th

101 ing for the PDGF-alpha receptor, a marker of paraxial mesoderm, and for the absence of Flk-1, a marke

102 essential for the specification of posterior paraxial mesoderm, and in its absence cells destined to

103 rimitive streak, make only a small amount of paraxial mesoderm, and the lateral anlage of the heart d

104 xpression was detected in the notochord, the paraxial mesoderm, and the tail bud but was not observed

105 signals from a localized region of the trunk paraxial mesoderm are both required and sufficient for t

106 pieces of dorsal neural tube and unsegmented paraxial mesoderm are combined in tissue culture, myocyt

107 ndaries of expression in the neural tube and paraxial mesoderm are located between 11 and 19 kb downs

108 for a paraxis null mutation, cells from the paraxial mesoderm are unable to form epithelia and so so

109 mining Ca(2+) dynamics in the intact Xenopus paraxial mesoderm as it differentiates into the mature m

110 eriments do not, however, implicate adjacent paraxial mesoderm as the only source of graded signals.

111 head structures, neural tube, notochord, and paraxial mesoderm as well as NCAM and XMyoD expression.

112 e proper positioning and segmentation of the paraxial mesoderm as well as the complete elongation of

113 d derriere, are coexpressed in the posterior paraxial mesoderm at neurula stage.

114 s in the anterior tailbud only gives rise to paraxial mesoderm, at the exclusion of axial mesoderm.

115 During vertebrate embryogenesis, the paraxial mesoderm becomes segmented into somites, which

116 During embryonic development, the paraxial mesoderm becomes segmented into somites, within

117 In contrast, transplanted cells in paraxial mesoderm behave according to the host genotype;

118 onsiveness with the caudal (more 'immature') paraxial mesoderm being more myogenically responsive to

119 nscription factor, Tbx6, is expressed in the paraxial mesoderm but is downregulated as somites develo

120 in vitro led to induction of IM genes in the paraxial mesoderm but not in the lateral plate mesoderm.

121 photon images of zebrafish neuroectoderm and paraxial mesoderm by comparing its results with those de

122 evelopment begins with the patterning of the paraxial mesoderm by inductive signals from midline tiss

123 To determine whether the trunk paraxial mesoderm caudal to the fifth somite maintains i

124 ssed in developmentally immature unsegmented paraxial mesoderm, causes complete failure of somite for

125 their initial rostrocaudal position, cranial paraxial mesoderm cells migrate to fill the core of spec

126 rulation, but the recruitment of prospective paraxial mesoderm cells to the primitive streak is delay

127 senchyme, composed of mixed neural crest and paraxial mesoderm cells, as well as cells from adjacent

128 ling centers, and not directly in the NC and paraxial mesoderm cells.

129 s a more proximal distribution of cells with paraxial mesoderm character within the primitive streak,

130 -dependent ectopic expression of Bmp4 in the paraxial mesoderm consistent with Noggin antagonizing an

131 anging signalling properties of the adjacent paraxial mesoderm control the progression of neurogenesi

132 We also show that RA produced by the paraxial mesoderm controls branchiomotor differentiation

133 We show that this restriction to the somitic paraxial mesoderm correlates well with the ability of Sc

134 , leading to a complete absence of all trunk paraxial mesoderm derivatives, which include skeletal mu

135 tissue completely devoid of neural crest and paraxial mesoderm derivatives.

136 t palate, and a striking loss of many NC and paraxial mesoderm derived cranial bones.

137 ligand mRNA is expressed by arch epithelium, paraxial mesoderm-derived arch core and the arch vessel

138 In all vertebrates examined so far, paraxial mesoderm-derived signals specify distinct moton

139 e role that Pax3 plays during development of paraxial mesoderm-derived structures, we followed the de

140 al for the maintenance of segment borders in paraxial mesoderm-derived structures.

141 ved signals can induce motoneuron formation, paraxial-mesoderm-derived signals can pattern motoneuron

142 is an essential upstream regulator of trunk paraxial mesoderm development and segmentation.

143 dorsomedial quadrant grafts of all stages of paraxial mesoderm development tested, indicating that pe

144 rafish mutants that have distinct effects on paraxial mesoderm development.

145 astrulating mouse embryo and is required for paraxial mesoderm development.

146 , which has been suggested to play a role in paraxial mesoderm development.

147 F signaling function antagonistically during paraxial mesoderm development.

148 In embryos expressing these antimorphs, the paraxial mesoderm differentiated normally into somitic t

149 We propose that Delta signaling from paraxial mesoderm diversifies midline cell fate by induc

150 ements is crucial for the maintenance of the paraxial mesoderm domain of Hoxb4 expression.

151 In spt embryos, which lack normal paraxial mesoderm due to incorrect cell migration, early

152 d signals originating from Hensen's node and paraxial mesoderm establish and refine the Hox-c positio

153 Embryo surgery and paraxial mesoderm explant experiments show that each of

154 Addition of BMP2 or BMP4 to paraxial mesoderm explants blocks Shh-mediated induction

155 raxis failed to be expressed, cells from the paraxial mesoderm failed to epithelialize and somites we

156 derm and by controlling specification of the paraxial mesoderm fate in the tail bud.

157 c expression of msgn1, a master regulator of paraxial mesoderm fate, or if transplanted into the bipo

158 factors: retinoic acid (RA) signals from the paraxial mesoderm; fibroblast growth factor (Fgf) signal

159 embryoid body differentiation enhances both paraxial mesoderm formation and the myogenic potential o

160 suggest that the mechanisms responsible for paraxial mesoderm formation are largely conserved across

161 This is due to the paucity of paraxial mesoderm formation during embryoid body (EB) in

162 Here, we reinvestigate paraxial mesoderm formation in the chicken embryo and de

163 een in embryonic stem cells, is required for paraxial mesoderm formation in the mouse.

164 sgn1 and Tbx6, each of which is critical for paraxial mesoderm formation, since absence of any one of

165 ryos cut between the notochord and the trunk paraxial mesoderm formed pronephric structures on both s

166 s Pax-1, MyoD, and Pax-3 after separation of paraxial mesoderm from axial structures.

167 k inhibitory kinase that is expressed in the paraxial mesoderm from mid-gastrula stages onwards.

168 ecessary for otic placode induction and that paraxial mesoderm from other locations cannot induce the

169 on of KDR(-)PDGFRalpha(+) progeny expressing paraxial mesoderm genes and the mesendoderm reporter MIX

170 Cells of the cranial paraxial mesoderm give rise to parts of the skull and mu

171 During vertebrate embryogenesis, paraxial mesoderm gives rise to somites, which subsequen

172 pothesis that determinative aspects of early paraxial mesoderm growth and morphogenesis occur in earl

173 explants from neurulae in which movement of paraxial mesoderm had not yet begun also developed taste

174 latory network operating in the formation of paraxial mesoderm has been described.

175 om the neural plate, non-neural ectoderm and paraxial mesoderm have all been suggested to play a role

176 The hindbrain and cranial paraxial mesoderm have been implicated in the induction

177 Here we show that in the paraxial mesoderm, Hoxb genes are first activated in a t

178 nopus, mouse and zebrafish implicate lateral/paraxial mesoderm in supplying the transforming influenc

179 Paraxial mesoderm in vertebrates gives rise to all trunk

180 ancers, and the subdivision of the axial and paraxial mesoderm in vertebrates.

181 Brachyury and differentiate into neural and paraxial mesoderm in vitro and in vivo.

182 function of PAPC during segmentation of the paraxial mesoderm in Xenopus embryos.

183 r, they show a complete absence of segmented paraxial mesoderm, including anterior somites.

184 ecombination assay, we show that prospective paraxial mesoderm induces a panel of neural crest marker

185 metamerism can be traced to the division of paraxial mesoderm into individual units, termed somites,

186 ing pathway are required for subdividing the paraxial mesoderm into repeating segmental structures, c

187 vertebrate embryos is the subdivision of the paraxial mesoderm into repeating, metameric structures c

188 mitogenesis involves the segmentation of the paraxial mesoderm into units along the anteroposterior a

189 Finally, the paraxial mesoderm intrinsically controls its competence

190 tion of somites, and Nrarp expression in the paraxial mesoderm is altered in several Notch pathway mu

191 As a result, chicken Hoxc8 expression in the paraxial mesoderm is at a posterior axial level, extendi

192 sion of Wnt3a, Msgn1 and Tbx6 at a time when paraxial mesoderm is being formed.

193 orsal neural tube, myogenesis in the cranial paraxial mesoderm is blocked by these same signals.

194 In contrast, in lower vertebrates, paraxial mesoderm is formed as a result of the continuat

195 In amniotes, paraxial mesoderm is formed bilaterally to the nerve cor

196 e show that although myogenesis in the trunk paraxial mesoderm is induced by Wnt signals from the dor

197 In vertebrates, paraxial mesoderm is partitioned into repeating units ca

198 At the same time, the paraxial mesoderm is patterned along the anterior-poster

199 est that the FN matrix on the surface of the paraxial mesoderm is required for body elongation via it

200 se genetics to show that RA derived from the paraxial mesoderm is required for lateral LMC induction

201 Retinoic acid (RA) generated by Raldh2 in paraxial mesoderm is required for specification of the p

202 ons, demonstrating that Tbx6 activity in the paraxial mesoderm is required not simply for somite spec

203 nclude that neither cranial neural crest nor paraxial mesoderm is responsible for the induction of em

204 The development of axial and paraxial mesoderm is severely abnormal in lin28 knockdow

205 During vertebrate embryonic development, the paraxial mesoderm is subdivided into metameric subunits

206 ion of the vertebrate embryo begins when the paraxial mesoderm is subdivided into somites, through a

207 To determine whether paraxial mesoderm is sufficient for pronephros induction

208 Paraxial mesoderm is the tissue which gives rise to the

209 fish mutant fused somites (fss), because its paraxial mesoderm lacks segment polarity.

210 nd later in the node, midbrain, spinal cord, paraxial mesoderm, lateral plate mesoderm, and limb bud.

211 sterior tissues (e.g. neural tube, axial and paraxial mesoderm, lateral plate, ectoderm, endoderm) to

212 Thus, hPS cell-derived KDR(-)PDGFRalpha(+ )paraxial mesoderm-like cells have potential in engineere

213 embryonic stem cells (ESCs) generate rostral paraxial mesoderm-like progeny in 5-6 days of differenti

214 ak, Ch-Tbx6L becomes restricted to the early paraxial mesoderm lineage and could play a role in regul

215 otential is lost in some of the cells of the paraxial mesoderm lineage in no tail and spadetail embry

216 e chondrogenic in vitro, and expressed trunk paraxial mesoderm markers such as Tcf15 and Meox1, and s

217 originate from hedgehog-responsive cephalic paraxial mesoderm (Mes) cells, which migrate rapidly to

218 orrelation spectroscopy within the zebrafish paraxial mesoderm mesenchyme reveals a physical associat

219 f axial mesoderm and failed specification of paraxial mesoderm, mimicking phenotypes in embryos with

220 oducing mesodermal boundaries, generating in paraxial mesoderm morphological boundaries between somit

221 hinge (CNH), contributes descendants to the paraxial mesoderm, notochord and neural tube, and is ser

222 is the sequential production from posterior paraxial mesoderm of blocks of cells termed somites.

223 lunatic fringe expression in the unsegmented paraxial mesoderm of chick embryos.

224 ch signaling system, is not expressed in the paraxial mesoderm of early segmentation stage fss embryo

225 t restoration of Eph/Ephrin signaling in the paraxial mesoderm of fss mutants rescues most aspects of

226 locks cardiogenesis in the adjacent anterior paraxial mesoderm of stage 8-9 chick embryos can be mimi

227 atically down-regulated, suggesting that the paraxial mesoderm of the fss mutant embryo is profoundly

228 demonstrate that expression of Hoxb4 in the paraxial mesoderm of the mouse embryo is transcriptional

229 ion is first seen distinctly in the emerging paraxial mesoderm of the primitive streak stage chick em

230 The paraxial mesoderm of the somites of the vertebrate embry

231 In addition, we demonstrate that the entire paraxial mesoderm of wild-type embryos has the potential

232 rder cells, delaminate and migrate along the paraxial mesoderm on either side of the neural tube, eve

233 Ventral somite fragments (sclerotome), head paraxial mesoderm or non-paraxial (lateral plate) mesode

234 efore migration or by grafting quail cranial paraxial mesoderm orthotopically.

235 gh the process of somitogenesis in which the paraxial mesoderm periodically segments into bilateral t

236 Thus, the low mitotic index of the paraxial mesoderm plays an essential function in the int

237 , indicating that the signal arises from the paraxial mesoderm (PM) and not from axial mesoderm.

238 etail (spt) mutant embryos, which lack trunk paraxial mesoderm (PM) due to a cell-autonomous defect i

239 rafish that FGF is continuously required for paraxial mesoderm (PM) induction in post-gastrula NMPs.

240 southpaw is expressed bilaterally in paraxial mesoderm precursors and then within the left la

241 suggest that in the absence of signals from paraxial mesoderm, primary motoneurons have a hybrid ide

242 al of most of the neural plate and axial and paraxial mesoderm prior to neural tube closure does not

243 -specific antisense oligonucleotide into the paraxial mesoderm produced discrete segmentation anomali

244 on and prospective isolation of chondrogenic paraxial mesoderm progeny from human pluripotent stem (P

245 result from a failure to produce sufficient paraxial mesoderm, rather than a failure of mesoderm pre

246 rafted quail trunk mesoderm into the cranial paraxial mesoderm region.

247 ts in which posterior neural segments and/or paraxial mesoderm segments were placed at different axia

248 an integration of Hensen's node-derived and paraxial mesoderm signaling.

249 show that although FGF alone does not mimic paraxial mesoderm signals, it is directly required in ep

250 ment of the correct anterior boundary in the paraxial mesoderm (somite 6/7).

251 or limits of expression in the hindbrain and paraxial mesoderm (somites), respectively.

252 erous tissues of the mouse embryo, including paraxial mesoderm, somites, branchial arches, vibrissae,

253 mouse that we call pMesogenin1 (referring to paraxial mesoderm-specific expression and regulatory cap

254 ertebrates first arises when the unsegmented paraxial mesoderm subdivides to form paired epithelial s

255 aining excluded from head, heart and somitic paraxial mesoderm territories.

256 Our fate mapping further shows that the paraxial mesoderm territory in the epiblast is regionali

257 e derives from the adaxial cells, a layer of paraxial mesoderm that differentiates medially within th

258 3 is expressed in the neural tube and in the paraxial mesoderm that gives rise to skeletal muscles.

259 of paraxis expression, an early phase in the paraxial mesoderm that is dependent on signals from the

260 iferation, and differentiation of the NC and paraxial mesoderm that make the face.

261 primitive streak at the level of prospective paraxial mesoderm, the primitive streak at the level of

262 Little is known about how this paraxial mesoderm tissue is specified.

263 e embryos arises through segmentation of the paraxial mesoderm to form somites.

264 that an RA signal initially travels from the paraxial mesoderm to r3, forming a boundary next to the

265 itx2 homeobox gene functions in both cranial paraxial mesoderm, to regulate eye muscle, and in splanc

266 rived from epithelium (oral sulcus), cranial paraxial mesoderm (tongue) and cranial neural crest (Mec

267 in which caudal is the default identity for paraxial mesoderm, upon which is patterned rostral ident

268 ) to promote myogenesis in stage 10-14 chick paraxial mesoderm utilizing 72 hour explant cultures.

269 Disruption of somite formation from the paraxial mesoderm was observed in 67% of the surviving t

270 In chick and mouse embryos, paraxial mesoderm was proposed to derive from a populati

271 None of the allantoic regions contributed to paraxial mesoderm when placed into the fetus, but all th

272 edian fins arise predominantly from somitic (paraxial) mesoderm, whereas paired appendages develop fr

273 tablished through interactions with adjacent paraxial mesoderm which develops as sclerotome in some v

274 in chick embryos, we also show that cranial paraxial mesoderm which normally lies beneath the presum

275 th no tail-expressing midline precursors and paraxial mesoderm, which expresses deltaC and deltaD.

276 mplished by Polycomb and Hox proteins in the paraxial mesoderm, while their subsequent morphogenesis

277 somitogenesis, RALDH-2-IR is present in the paraxial mesoderm with a rostral boundary at the level o

278 on can be induced by signals from underlying paraxial mesoderm without concomitant induction of an am