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1 fects of acute exposure to sidestream smoke (passive smoking).
2 The ill health effects have been extended to passive smoking.
3 % CI, 1.00-1.45), compared with never active/passive smoking.
4 t ownership, presence of older siblings, and passive smoking.
5 ecreases were primarily due to reductions in passive smoking.
6 history of asthma, higher social class, and passive smoking.
7 d VEGF and PEDF expression in the context of passive smoking.
8 k of heart disease in individuals exposed to passive smoking.
9 percent had cotinine levels consistent with passive smoking.
10 from a database of symposium proceedings on passive smoking.
11 nt confidence interval, 2.4 to 7.3) and with passive smoking among nonsmokers (odds ratio, 2.5; 95 pe
12 (CIs) for former and current smoking and for passive smoking among nonsmokers compared with a referen
13 ever smokers or lifetime intensity-years of passive smoking among nonsmokers, whereas it decreased w
18 ls were used to estimate the associations of passive smoking and genetic susceptibility with birth we
19 es modified the association between maternal passive smoking and infant birth weight in this study, w
20 s a significant interaction between maternal passive smoking and maternal EPHX1 genotype for birth we
21 t examined the association between active or passive smoking and miscarriage were included in the met
22 a modest association between first-trimester passive smoking and oral clefts that was consistent acro
23 examined the associations between active or passive smoking and perinatal death were included in the
24 s the relation between household exposure to passive smoking and serum concentrations of retinol, toc
25 estigating the relationship between maternal passive smoking and the risk of preterm birth have reach
27 ercent for cigarette smoking, 17 percent for passive smoking, and 14 percent for chronic illness.
29 various smoking behaviours (active smoking, passive smoking, and smoking cessation) with risk of typ
31 The effects of even brief (minutes to hours) passive smoking are often nearly as large (averaging 80%
33 male nurses, in whom we assessed exposure to passive smoking at home and at work as well as duration
34 n risk of COPD and self-reported exposure to passive smoking at home and work (adjusted odds ratio 1.
35 these data suggest that regular exposure to passive smoking at home or work increases the risk of CH
37 ashington County, MD, to compare exposure to passive smoking at home, recorded in a private census of
39 esults were stratified by maternal genotype, passive smoking conferred a significantly negative effec
41 reported respiratory symptoms and increasing passive smoking exposure (1.16, 1.07-1.25 for any sympto
44 rmation about lifetime smoking and household passive smoking exposure in 1995 and about lifetime expo
46 owever, previous studies did not account for passive smoking exposure in the never-smoking reference
50 osure in 1995 and about lifetime exposure to passive smoking in 3 settings (household, workplace, and
51 piratory distress syndrome patients and with passive smoking in 41% of nonsmokers (vs 20% and 40% in
52 he relationship of HDL cholesterol levels to passive smoking in children and adolescents referred to
53 ssociation of decreased HDL cholesterol with passive smoking in children but have not adjusted for po
55 blems, eczema, rehospitalization in infancy, passive smoking in infancy, family history of asthma, an
58 of the associations observed for active and passive smoking indicates that exposure to passive smoki
60 onal studies are needed to determine whether passive smoking is a risk factor for bladder cancer.
61 e was to review the scientific evidence that passive smoking is associated with 1 or more health outc
65 rall, 37% (39/106) of reviews concluded that passive smoking is not harmful to health; 74% (29/39) of
66 only factor associated with concluding that passive smoking is not harmful was whether an author was
68 oking alone or in combination with postnatal passive smoking may be important in the risk of childhoo
70 ent study provides evidence that smoking and passive smoking may influence NHL etiology, particularly
71 d passive smoking indicates that exposure to passive smoking may result in decreased circulating conc
74 ha authors examined the effect of active and passive smoking on ventilatory function assessed by spir
75 active smoking, current active smoking, and passive smoking only were, respectively, 1.36 (95% CI, 1
76 focus specifically on the health effects of passive smoking or if they were not written in English.
77 1.03, 2.22) for >40 years vs. </=5 years of passive smoking; P for trend = 0.03), particularly for f
78 [95% CI 0.92-1.15]), but was associated with passive smoking (pooled RR 1.10 [95% CI 1.06-1.15]).
79 ive (pooled RR, 1.36 [95% CI 1.17-1.46]) and passive smoking (pooled RR, 1.06 [95% CI 1.01-1.11]).
80 ive (pooled RR, 1.21 [95% CI 1.14-1.29]) and passive smoking (pooled RR, 1.07 [95% CI 1.03-1.12]).
81 tive (pooled RR, 1.40 (95% CI 1.24-1.59) and passive smoking (pooled RR, 1.09 [95% CI 1.04-1.14]).
82 for maternal age, education, parity, stress, passive smoking, prepregnancy weight and height, and inf
84 creased with increasing lifetime exposure to passive smoking (relative risk = 1.51 (95% CI: 1.03, 2.2
85 age, sex, exercise, and dietary fat intake, passive smoking remained a significant risk factor for d
90 imated the population attributable risk from passive smoking to be 27% for decayed and 14% for filled
92 luences of asthma and household environment (passive smoking, use of a gas stove, and having a dog or
94 st increased risk for allergic diseases, and passive smoking was associated with an increased risk fo
95 y, we examined whether childhood exposure to passive smoking was associated with carotid atherosclero
97 There was little evidence that exposure to passive smoking was associated with reduced serum concen
100 for trend = 0.02) when women with household passive smoking were excluded from the reference categor
101 1.57) higher risk when women with household passive smoking were excluded from the reference categor
102 ant when the number of cigarettes smoked and passive smoking were included as covariates (relative ri
103 ues, the effects of postnatal ETS, mimicking passive smoking, were equivalent to (AC) or greater than
106 e smoking, the public health consequences of passive smoking with regard to coronary heart disease ma
107 e examined prospectively the relationship of passive smoking with risk of CHD in a cohort of women.
108 d stroke, but the relationship of active and passive smoking with the progression of atherosclerosis
109 population is also exposed to high levels of passive smoking, yet little information exists on the ef
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