ライフサイエンスコーパス: penguin

1 for flightless wing-propelled diving birds (penguins).

2 change is a significant risk for the emperor penguin.

3 vide satisfactory conditions for the emperor penguin.

4 as illustrated by recent work on rabbits and penguins.

5 n conductance than those from never-immersed penguins.

6 ula's largest breeding populations of gentoo penguins.

7 trategy which limits competition with Adelie penguins.

8 itive exclusion of Adelie penguins by gentoo penguins.

9 stroke, essentially the same as turtles and penguins.

10 er wing-propelled diving seabirds, including penguins.

11 ss and observation error to all known Adelie penguin abundance data (1982-2015) in the Antarctic, cov

12 Linking trends in penguin abundance with trends in krill biomass explains

13 declines, we suggest that declines in Adelie penguins along the WAP are more likely due to direct and

14 We used satellite-tagged penguins, an autonomous underwater vehicle, and historic

15 ami, and bitter tastes have been lost in all penguins, an order of aquatic flightless birds originati

16 a (WAP) is coincident with increasing gentoo penguin and decreasing Adelie penguin populations, sugge

17 greement with observations on lean and obese penguins and rats.

18 itude Antarctic seabirds (Adelie and Emperor penguins and snow petrels) indicate that winter sea-ice

19 ertical foraging ranges of Adelie and gentoo penguins, and found that krill selected for habitats tha

20 Compared to other terrestrial animals, penguins appear to have excessive amount of frontal plan

21 This is the case for the Emperor penguin Aptenodytes forsteri, a flagship Antarctic speci

22 tarctic affect the life cycle of the emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri).

23 reenhouse gases (GHGs) increase, and emperor penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri) are extremely sensitive

24 im was to estimate the population of emperor penguins (Aptenodytes fosteri) using a single synoptic s

25 cs are driven by stochastic processes.Adelie penguins are a key Antarctic indicator species, but data

26 Conversely, Adelie and chinstrap penguins are experiencing a 'reversal of fortunes' as th

27 Pygoscelis penguins are experiencing general population declines in

28 Contrary to current thought, breeding penguins are not always philopatric.

29 re on current trends, we see Southern gentoo penguins are responding to current warming as they did d

30 arctic Peninsula, favoring generalist gentoo penguins as climate change 'winners', while Adelie and c

31 estimated the breeding population of emperor penguins at each colony during 2009 and provide a popula

32 light of this new structure and of the king penguin AvBD103b defensin structure, the consensus seque

33 heir dimensions were similar to those of non-penguin avian taxa and that the feathering may have been

34 n early penguin cranial osteology, trends in penguin body size, and the evolution of the penguin flip

35 ected sites giving a total number of emperor penguin breeding colonies of 46.

36 We used true presence-absence data on Adelie penguin breeding colonies to estimate past and future ch

37 There were 17,120 and 21,183 Adelie penguin breeding pairs on Inexpressible Island in 1983 a

38 ly result in competitive exclusion of Adelie penguins by gentoo penguins.

39 ate total GHG emission potential from Adelie penguin colonies during breeding seasons in 1983 and 201

40 Penguin colonies enhance the SOM content in some areas w

41 n conducted to determine the GHG fluxes from penguin colonies, however, at regional scale, there is s

42 we project that one-third of current Adelie penguin colonies, representing ~20% of their current pop

43 o 2012 and CH4 was the main GHG emitted from penguin colonies.

44 tailed biogeochemical analyses to track past penguin colony change over the last 8,500 years on Ardle

45 nstead, at least three of the five phases of penguin colony expansion were abruptly ended by large er

46 (VHR) satellite imagery to identify emperor penguin colony locations.

47 The first sustained penguin colony was established on Ardley Island c. 6,700

48 pecies provide critical information on early penguin cranial osteology, trends in penguin body size,

49 mpetition for food may exacerbate the Adelie penguin decline.

50 Juvenile king penguins develop adaptive thermogenesis after repeated i

51 ate an abrupt shift to lower-trophic prey in penguin diets within the past approximately 200 years.

52 following summer, which is evident in Adelie penguin diets, thus demonstrating tight trophic coupling

53 their terrestrial call, the offshore call of penguins during their foraging trips has been poorly stu

54 hydrography and foraging patterns of Adelie penguins during these switching tidal regimes suggest th

55 es of delta13C and delta15N values of Adelie penguin eggshell from abandoned colonies located in thre

56 amyxovirus recently isolated from rockhopper penguins (Eudyptes chrysocome) suggested that this virus

57 For 10 years (2003-2012), macaroni penguins (Eudyptes chrysolophus) were marked with subcut

58 garding the causal role of climate change in penguin evolution.

59 edators-sharks, bony fishes, sea turtles and penguins-exhibit Levy-walk-like behaviour close to a the

60 We propose that this isolate, named APMV10/penguin/Falkland Islands/324/2007, be the prototype viru

61 Penguin feathers are highly modified in form and functio

62 ntrast, the dark black-brown color of extant penguin feathers is generated by large, ellipsoidal mela

63 The nanostructure of penguin feathers was thus modified after earlier macrost

64 It has been isolated from penguin feces and an aborted bovine fetus.

65 How do emperor penguins find their mates on a featureless ice flow, pac

66 penguin body size, and the evolution of the penguin flipper.

67 Penguin foraging and breeding success depend on broad-sc

68 In overlapping Adelie and gentoo penguin foraging areas, four gentoo penguins switched fo

69 le, and historical tidal records to model of penguin foraging locations over ten seasons.

70 Adelie penguins foraging locations changed in response to tidal

71 New penguin fossils from the Eocene of Peru force a reevalua

72 Actual counts of penguins from eleven ground truthing sites were used to

73 supervised classification method to separate penguins from snow, shadow and guano.

74 Penguin guano provides favorable conditions for producti

75 o make radio-frequency identifications, wild penguins had significantly lower and shorter stress resp

76 change 'winners', while Adelie and chinstrap penguins have become climate change 'losers'.

77 ice-loving Adelie and ice-avoiding chinstrap penguins have declined significantly.

78 Penguins have exhibited dramatic declines in population

79 o their sensitivity to environmental change, penguins in Antarctica are widely used as bio-indicators

80 important implications for the use of Adelie penguins in Southern Ocean feedback management, and sugg

81 Climate change impacts on penguins in the Antarctic will likely be highly site spe

82 first description of the vocal behaviour of penguins in the open ocean and discuss the function of t

83 story and population structure of Pygoscelis penguins in the Scotia Arc related to climate warming af

84 ains why populations of Adelie and chinstrap penguins increased after competitors (fur seals, baleen

85 hat OBIA method was effective for extracting penguin information from aerial photographs.

86 e middle and late Eocene of Peru reveal that penguins invaded low latitudes >30 million years earlier

87 The African penguin is a nesting seabird endemic to southern Africa.

88 We show that survival of macaroni penguins is driven by a combination of individual qualit

89 southward contraction in the range of Adelie penguins is likely over the next century.

90 ore, adaptive thermogenesis in juvenile king penguins is linked to two separate mechanisms of uncoupl

91 contour feather shafts, evolved early in the penguin lineage.

92 Our findings show that penguins may use vocal communication in the ocean relate

93 ndonment of the colonies, and we believe the penguins migrated from the coastal area of mid Cape Bird

94 In penguins of the genus Spheniscus vocalisations are impor

95 cal tidal currents on a population of Adelie penguins on Humble Is., Antarctica.

96 We posit that penguins only recently began to rely on krill as a major

97 Repeatedly it has been proposed that penguins originated in high southern latitudes and arriv

98 nt profiles, we reconstructed the historical penguin population change at Cape Bird, Ross Island, for

99 krill is one of the major drivers of Adelie penguin population declines, we suggest that declines in

100 edicts a decline of the Terre Adelie emperor penguin population of 81% by the year 2100.

101 sent a population projection for the emperor penguin population of Terre Adelie, Antarctica, by linki

102 Clear succession of penguin population peaks were observed in different prof

103 We project emperor penguin population responses to future sea ice changes,

104 ng the contemporary period, declining Adelie penguin populations experienced more years with warm sea

105 Changes in penguin populations on the Antarctic Peninsula have been

106 t attributes both increases and decreases in penguin populations to changes in the abundance of their

107 The main reasons for the increase in Adelie penguin populations were attributed to increase in tempe

108 literature that global and regional emperor penguin populations will be affected by changing climate

109 reasing gentoo penguin and decreasing Adelie penguin populations, suggesting that competition for foo

110 ved changes in krill (Euphausia superba) and penguin populations.

111 emonstrate this mechanism is not controlling penguin populations; populations of both ice-loving Adel

112 in their dominant frequency and length, and penguins produced calls of different lengths in successi

113 Excavations of abandoned Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) colonies in Antarctica ofte

114 atry was previously confirmed for the Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) during a period of stable e

115 The Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) is a circumpolar meso-preda

116 nalysis (OBIA) method to estimate the Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) population based on aerial

117 We deployed an animal-borne camera on gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua) and recorded their foraging

118 a, places the new species outside the extant penguin radiation (crown clade: Spheniscidae) and suppor

119 All three pygoscelid penguins responded positively to post-LGM warming by exp

120 earing niche spaces for the three Pygoscelis penguin species and used a maximum entropy approach (Max

121 For all Pygoscelis penguin species, the MaxEnt models predict significant c

122 MJ was isolated from the choana of a jackass penguin (Spheniscus demersus) with recurrent mucocaseous

123 llite tracked postnatal dispersal in African penguins (Spheniscus demersus) from eight sites across t

124 Juvenile penguin survival is low in populations selecting degrade

125 d gentoo penguin foraging areas, four gentoo penguins switched foraging behavior by foraging at deepe

126 Skeletal muscle mitochondria from penguins that had been either experimentally immersed or

127 Skeletal muscle mitochondria isolated from penguins that had never been immersed in cold water show

128 30 y of field studies and recent surveys of penguins throughout the WAP and Scotia Sea demonstrate t

129 used three different groups of juvenile king penguins to investigate the mitochondrial basis of avian

130 e of their 'two-voice' calls enables emperor penguins to locate their mates and chicks under some of

131 ian state-space and habitat models show that penguins traversed thousands of square kilometers to are

132 Penguins undertook dives of shallower depths and shorter

133 nvert these classified areas into numbers of penguins using a robust regression algorithm.We found fo

134 e level confirmed that APMV2, APMV8, and the penguin virus all were sufficiently divergent from each

135 n addition, antiserum generated against this penguin virus did not inhibit the HA of representative v

136 This penguin virus resembled other APMVs by electron microsco

137 natomical constraints that influence nesting penguin vocalisations from a source-filter perspective,

138 edators in this region, Adelie and chinstrap penguins were never directly harvested by man; thus, the

139 To avoid extinction, emperor penguins will have to adapt, migrate or change the timin

140 We infer from our results that macaroni penguins will most likely be negatively impacted by an i

141 A giant penguin with feathers was recovered from the late Eocene

142 most complete giant (>1.5 m standing height) penguin yet described.

143 from two of the best exemplars of Paleogene penguins yet recovered.