ライフサイエンスコーパス: phage

1 themselves from infection by bacteriophages (phages).

2 additional CRISPR spacers from the infecting phage.

3 vels to 10 mg/l, and restored the display on phage.

4 y macrophages than bacteria not producing Pf phage.

5 s facilitating their spread via plasmids and phages.

6 ng redundant for defence against some of the phages.

7 host, lifestyle and genetic constitution of phages.

8 r the life cycle of temperate staphylococcal phages.

9 cholerae colonies are resistant to all three phages.

10 ct P. aeruginosa from certain pilus-specific phages.

11 verage 22% of the PSI-gene-cassette carrying phages.

12 major families of tailed double-stranded DNA phages.

13 phy, we showed that Pseudomonas chlororaphis phage 201phi2-1 assembled a compartment that separated v

14 Phages 80alpha and phiNM1 encode structurally distinct d

15 E. coli phage 9 g contains the modified base deoxyarchaeosine (d

16 We also mapped phage 9 g DNA packaging (pac) site containing two 21-bp

17 Here we report phage 9 g DNA sensitivity to >200 Type II restriction en

18 Phage 9 g restriction fragments can be degraded by DNA e

19 In single-stranded RNA bacteriophages (ssRNA phages) a single copy of the maturation protein binds th

20 preclude phage infection is to block initial phage adsorption to the cell.

21 gated the efficacy of bacteriophage-therapy (phage) alone or combined with antibiotics against experi

22 vely, these data suggest that filamentous Pf phage alters the progression of the inflammatory respons

23 , but little is known about the diversity of phages among the pneumococcus, a leading global pathogen

24 Interestingly, the costs of building a T4 phage and a single influenza virus are nearly the same.

25 domonas phage, and distant homologs in other phage and bacterial genomes, suggesting that dG(+) is no

26 lar tubulin-based spindle, and it segregated phage and bacterial proteins according to function.

27 d to in vitro lysis ability by the infecting phage and the level of virulence of the E. coli strain.

28 Two therapeutic virulent phages and 4 reference antibiotics were studied in vitro

29 Although the interaction between phages and bacteria has already been well described, it

30 endonuclease Cas9 to defend against invading phages and conjugative plasmids by introducing site-spec

31 revealed here may be common among tailed DNA phages and herpesviruses.

32 riven by horizontal gene transfer with other phages and host genomes(5).

33 els to unravel both the interactions between phages and how individual phages determine cellular fate

34 mble cyclic sequences likely to be plasmids, phages and other circular elements.

35 ns in the fight against foreign DNA, such as phages and plasmids, as well as a revolutionary gene edi

36 o defend against invasive nucleic acids from phages and plasmids.

37 at provide protection against bacteriophage (phage) and other parasites.

38 C homologs in Enterobacteria and Pseudomonas phage, and distant homologs in other phage and bacterial

39 er S. thermophilus strain, against unrelated phages, and in another bacterial genus immunized using t

40 ogical contributions of oral fungi, viruses, phages, and the candidate phyla radiation (CPR) group of

41 Most, if not all, of the crAss-like phages appear to be associated with diverse bacteria fro

42 broad-ranging implications for the design of phage applications in biotechnology, phage therapy and t

43 Here, we examine if phages are an effective treatment strategy against this

44 Since phages are bacteria-specific viruses, they do not natura

45 Temperate phages are common, and prophages are abundant residents

46 different proportions of temperate and lytic phages are distributed in either mode depending on the h

47 Phages are genetically diverse, and their genome archite

48 As a countermeasure, numerous phages are known that produce proteins to block the func

49 Phages are not passive bystanders in their interactions

50 nt analysis confirmed the importance of both phages as main water quality parameters.

51 ative characterization of the orientation of phages as they adsorb onto cells, and suggest that cyano

52 Here we perform phage-assisted continuous evolution (PACE) of TEV protea

53 Here the authors use phage-assisted continuous evolution to evolve a variant

54 has been argued that lysogeny is favoured in phages at low host densities.

55 ighly directional; recombination between the phage attachment site attP and the host attachment site

56 Phage-bacterial ecosystems are traditionally described i

57 questionable due to current shortcomings in phage-based delivery systems such as inefficient deliver

58 tors selects for strains that mask potential phage binding sites using glycosylation.

59 Phage-biofilm encounters are undoubtedly common in the e

60 ith unrelated proteins, encoded by different phages, but in all cases performing the same conserved f

61 osome, and expanding host specificity of the phage by complementing tail fiber protein.

62 allows bacteria to adaptively defend against phages by acquiring short genomic sequences (spacers) th

63 The T7lacZ phages can infect E. coli, and have the ability to trigg

64 In particular, as phages can kill bacterial cells within <10 minutes, the

65 Overall, this study shows that polyvalent phages can propagate in soil bacteria and significantly

66 bes was achieved through covalent linkage of phage capsid onto the carbon nanotubes.

67 om the Tara Oceans expedition (7) shows that phages carrying PSI gene cassettes are abundant in the t

68 Even when considering the fastest phage (cell lysis in 9 minutes), the concentrations of p

69 Moreover, phage/ciprofloxacin combinations were highly synergistic

70 defences against predation and ways in which phages circumvent them, and provide a rationale for the

71 rtic EE were treated with an antipseudomonas phage cocktail alone or combined with ciprofloxacin.

72 The phage compartment was centered by a bipolar tubulin-base

73 le theory, which reveals that late-infecting phages contribute less to cellular decision-making.

74 We find that phages cooperate during lysogenization, compete among ea

75 o a pathogen upon infection by a filamentous phage, CTXPhi, that transmits the cholera toxin-encoding

76 Comparing efficacies of phage-curative and prophylactic treatments in healthy im

77 ronments, bacteria express a battery of anti-phage defences including CRISPR-Cas, restriction-modific

78 uding bacterial stress tolerance, virulence, phage defense, and biofilm formation.

79 acer acquisition after infection with mutant phages demonstrated that most spacers are acquired durin

80 We used a phage-derived small protein to specifically perturb bact

81 teractions between phages and how individual phages determine cellular fates.

82 that reverse transcription of the Bordetella phage DGR is primed by an adenine residue in TR RNA and

83 ith cefoxitin and ceftriaxone), amikacin and phages did not modify cell shape but produced intracellu

84 ithout the confounding effects of restricted phage diffusion.

85 tide macrocycle that was recently evolved by phage display (Ki = 0.84 +/- 0.03 nM).

86 selected broadly neutralizing nanobodies by phage display after immunization of dromedaries with dif

87 on-antibody binding proteins against GPC3 by phage display and developed a new sandwich chemiluminesc

88 roteome of pancreatic cancer endothelium via phage display and identify hornerin as a critical protei

89 a high-throughput method, we developed a T7 phage display cDNA library derived from mRNA isolated fr

90 We have developed a phage display engineering strategy to generate synthetic

91 Starting from large phage display libraries of single-chain antibody fragmen

92 Here we describe the construction of a VHH phage display library against the cyanobacterial hepatot

93 We have utilized a high-diversity phage display library to engineer antibody fragments (Fa

94 e identified through immunocreenings of a T7 phage display library with high accuracy, which may have

95 By screening a peptide phage display library, we discovered a novel ligand (PDN

96 teome can be represented by a random peptide phage display library.

97 ning antibody variable domains, generated by phage display or derived from human/humanized monoclonal

98 g an aggregated mAb as bait for screening of phage display peptide library and identifying those pept

99 We performed in vivo peptide phage display screens in mice bearing 4T1 metastatic bre

100 e then subjected to in vitro selection using phage display technique and 3 clones (CSP3, CSP4 and CSP

101 we generated high-affinity SUMO2 variants by phage display that bind the back side binding site of Ub

102 We present the first report of the use of phage display to identify novel activities toward insect

103 We used phage display to isolate peptides that possess bona fide

104 Using in vivo phage display, we searched for molecular markers of the

105 Through phage display-based functional proteomics, immunohistoch

106 In this work, we established a phage-display platform to select for specific amidation,

107 irs of recombinant affinity reagents through phage-display.

108 We employed a phage-displayed ubiquitin variant (UbV) library to devel

109 Here we demonstrate the use of lambda-phage displaying Cry1Aa13 toxin variants modified in dom

110 Temperate phages distribute into high and low gene flux modes, whe

111 further show that DISARM restricts incoming phage DNA and that the B. paralicheniformis DISARM methy

112 ity and molecular epidemiology of prophages (phage DNA integrated within the bacterial genome) among

113 roximately 50 atmospheres as a result of the phage DNA-packaging process.

114 tospacer within the genome, and the state of phage DNA.

115 Additionally, we observe that phage DNAs have fluctuating cellular arrival times and v

116 We propose that temperate phages do not need to carry antimicrobial resistance gen

117 tems are regulated, preventing prediction of phage dynamics in nature and manipulation of phage resis

118 The library was panned and screened by phage ELISA using trimeric recombinant proteins to ident

119 thesized and screened for peptide binding by phage ELISA.

120 Certain bacteria and their phages employ the 8/4 structure for serine and histidine

121 The trimeric staphylococcal phage-encoded dUTPases (Duts) are signalling molecules t

122 The 'reverse' reaction requires another phage-encoded protein called the recombination direction

123 e deletions (2) , DNA modifications (3) , or phage-encoded proteins that interfere with the CRISPR-Ca

124 The phage encodes its own primase, DNA ligase, DNA polymeras

125 age strains suggests an 'arms race' in which phage escape from the type I-F system can be overcome th

126 viruses (phages) is also the first record of phages evading that immunity (1) .

127 As a consequence, phage evolution is complex and their genomes are compose

128 Interestingly, AIM06 and SR14 phages exhibited significant correlations with each othe

129 Groups of genetically related phages fall into either the high or low gene flux modes,

130 Our findings provide novel insights into how phages fine-tune the activity of the host transcription

131 In extreme conditions, pb10 protects the phage from releasing its genome.

132 ed the engineered bacteria protected against phages from all three major families of tailed double-st

133 librium (un)folding intermediate state of T4 phage gene product 45 (gp45, also known as DNA polymeras

134 rmafrost soils also have a large presence of phage genes and genes involved in the recycling of cellu

135 , however; recent discoveries have described phage genes that inhibit CRISPR-Cas function.

136 ng different developmental paths, where each phage genome may make an individual decision.

137 on from host RNAP-dependent promoters on the phage genome via a mechanism that involves interaction w

138 of recombinant DNA sequences into the lambda-phage genome with 90-100% yield.

139 egrating CRISPR/Cas9 system into a temperate phage genome, removing major virulence genes from the ho

140 Such strategies are effective, but the phage genome-which encodes potentially inhibitory gene p

141 ed and assembled a complete Saccharibacteria phage genome.

142 s and a major terminase cleavage site in the phage genome.

143 the smaller SaPI1 genome, but not a complete phage genome.

144 These outnumber all currently known phage genomes in marine habitats and include members of

145 racterized to date originated from temperate phages, genomic islands, or prophages (4-8) , and shared

146 cted (p)ppGpp synthetase, which blocks lytic phage growth, promotes bacterial survival and enables ef

147 Many dsDNA bacterial viruses (bacteriophages/phages) have long tail structures that serve as organell

148 cularly those of Myoviridae and Siphoviridae phages, have an evolutionary relationship with other cel

149 Phage HP3 reduced E. coli levels and improved health sco

150 The Science Education Alliance-Phage Hunters Advancing Genomics and Evolutionary Scienc

151 ulence, including the acquisition of an stx2 phage in 1 outbreak, population and environmental factor

152 is end, we test a cocktail of three virulent phages in two animal models of cholera pathogenesis (inf

153 The endogenous and phage-induced beta-gal was detected using the electroche

154 l lysis in 9 minutes), the concentrations of phage-induced ER never reached the highest values, which

155 Bacteriophages (phages) infect many bacterial species, but little is kno

156 f two different families of SSAPs present in phages infecting the clinically relevant bacterium Staph

157 colony size depends on key parameters in the phage infection cycle.

158 The safest way to preclude phage infection is to block initial phage adsorption to

159 Alterations to pilin sequence can also block phage infection, but glycosylation is considered less li

160 acterial populations are at highest risk for phage infection.

161 nt for fast phycobiliprotein assembly during phage infection.

162 , it is unclear how the timing of individual phage infections affects the lysis-lysogeny decision of

163 we consider a more dynamic scenario in which phage infections give rise to abrupt and severe collapse

164 putative virion assembly protein (gp17), the phage integrase (gp29), the endolysin (gp31), the phage

165 These insights into biofilm-phage interactions have broad-ranging implications for t

166 ial inhibitors, we screened an internalizing phage (iPhage) display library in tumor cells, and selec

167 ing colonies indicate that resistance to the phages is largely conferred by mutations in genes requir

168 n of its activity against bacterial viruses (phages) is also the first record of phages evading that

169 ncing Genomics and Evolutionary Science (SEA-PHAGES) is an iREC that promotes engagement and continue

170 Examining resistance to phages isolated from Mediterranean seagrass meadows, we

171 This study demonstrates that phage, isolated from the environment and with little exp

172 s largely due to bacterial permissiveness to phage killing.

173 The final step of lysis in phage lambda infections of Escherichia coli is mediated

174 Infection of Escherichia coli by the T7 phage leads to rapid and selective inhibition of the bac

175 We constructed a phage library displaying variants of the substrate-like

176 ences we used for generation of profiles the phage library enriched by panning on the pool of cancer

177 In vivo phage library screening in mice bearing non-responder tu

178 s reveal that CRISPR-Cas systems exploit the phage life cycle to generate a pattern of spacer acquisi

179 R-Cas targeting by the host is determined by phage life style, the positions of the targeted protospa

180 o phage-like transducing particles by helper phages like 80alpha or phiNM1.

181 second one includes more variable temperate phages, like GIL16 or Bam35, whose hosts are Bacillus ce

182 SaPIs are derepressed and packaged into phage-like transducing particles by helper phages like 8

183 e protocol to perform genetic engineering of phage, liter-scale amplification, purification, and self

184 Pseudomonas phage LKA1 of the subfamily Autographivirinae encodes a

185 Autolysins and phage lysins are peptidoglycan hydrolases, enzymes that

186 oposed Piggyback-the-Winner model of reduced phage lysis at higher host densities.

187 Phage lysis proteins that overcome this barrier can poin

188 to fuse the inner and outer membranes during phage lysis.

189 Temperate bacterial viruses (phages) may enter a symbiosis with their host cell, form

190 promiscuous transfer by targeting conserved phage mechanisms.

191 However, mechanisms contributing to phage-mediated bacterial clearance in an animal host rem

192 t approaches for characterizing hierarchical phage nanostructures using optical microscopy, atomic-fo

193 ve identified an unrelated Acr in a virulent phage of Streptococcus thermophilus.

194 The presence of the immobilized phage on carbon nanotube-modified electrode was confirme

195 edance due to the binding of E. coli B to T2 phage on the CNT-modified electrode.

196 Here, with a phage-oriented approach, we have identified an unrelated

197 s Orthologous Groups (pVOGs, formerly called Phage Orthologous Groups, POGs) resource has aided in th

198 Additionally, when producing Pf phage, P. aeruginosa was less prone to phagocytosis by m

199 of Escherichia coli to a virulent mutant of phage P1.

200 nd cleavage using TerL from the thermophilic phage P74-26.

201 idually by coating their surface and binding phage particles, thereby preventing their attachment to

202 m the A2 and E proteins indicates that small phages, particularly the single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) lev

203 Here we compare the efficacy of polyvalent phage PEf1 versus coliphage T4 in suppressing a model en

204 Phage pharmacology, therapeutic efficacy, and resistance

205 Phage photosynthesis genes from both photosystems are ex

206 sion was observed by the combined effects of phages plus competing bacteria.

207 However, little is known about how phage polyvalence (i.e., broad host range) affects bacte

208 e model predicts regimes where bacterial and phage populations can co-exist, others where the populat

209 uring lysogeny, allowing rapid adaptation of phage populations for various environments.

210 growth is exactly balanced by losses due to phage predation.

211 Since phages present a major challenge to survival in most env

212 production of biofilm-relevant amounts of Pf phage prevents the dissemination of P. aeruginosa from t

213 Previous work indicated that when in vivo Pf phage production was inhibited, P. aeruginosa was less v

214 al with lysogen formation, or host lysis and phage production.

215 nery to ensure both successful and efficient phage progeny development.

216 thway leading to infected cell death with no phage progeny release.

217 Furthermore, filamentous phage promoted bacterial adhesion to mucin and inhibited

218 A detailed characterization of the phage promoter has provided a set of constitutive promot

219 For acute infections, such as cholera, phage prophylaxis could provide a strategy to limit the

220 some immunogenic accessory loci, including a phage protein and a phase-variable glycosyltransferase u

221 ition to the beta and beta'-like subunits, a phage protein gp226.

222 t SaPI de-repression is effected by specific phage proteins that bind to Stl, initiating the SaPI cyc

223 and predict the functions of the majority of phage proteins, in particular those that comprise the st

224 in genes required for the production of the phage receptors.

225 encoding these enzymes significantly reduced phage replication and the generation of infectious parti

226 that the Ssb proteins are also required for phage replication, both in the donor and recipient strai

227 integrase (gp29), the endolysin (gp31), the phage repressor (gp47), and six proteins of unknown func

228 at these enzymes are absolutely required for phage reproduction.

229 phage dynamics in nature and manipulation of phage resistance in clinical settings.

230 al colonies allow long-term survival of both phage-resistant mutants and, importantly, colonies of mo

231 Phage-resistant mutants emerged in vitro but not in vivo

232 Phage-resistant mutants had impaired infectivity.

233 Phage-resistant mutants regrew after 24 hours but were p

234 to control both phage-sensitive and emergent phage-resistant variants to clear infection.

235 nce analysis of randomly selected monoclonal phages revealed two conserved peptide sequences.

236 without, a finding accompanied by a reduced phage richness (P = 0.01).

237 hat neutrophils are required to control both phage-sensitive and emergent phage-resistant variants to

238 odel predicts that colonies formed solely by phage-sensitive bacteria can survive because the growth

239 mutants and, importantly, colonies of mostly phage-sensitive members.

240 with a single spacer targeting an essential phage sequence.

241 tic-resistance genes, virulence factors, and phage sequences in microbial communities from an environ

242 ructure of the tail adaptor protein gp7 from phage Sf6.

243 high and low gene flux modes, whereas lytic phages share only the lower gene flux mode.

244 nner-membrane functions are preserved by the phage-shock-protein (Psp) system, a stress response that

245 the production of abundant quantities of Pf phage similar to those produced by biofilms under in vit

246 ctivity assessments of related bacterial and phage strains suggests an 'arms race' in which phage esc

247 his Review will summarize the current use of phage structures in many aspects of precision nanomedici

248 The SEA-PHAGES students show strong gains correlated with persis

249 h two reagents are randomly-displayed on the phage surface.

250 ction to reinforce the capsid thus favouring phage survival in harsh environments.

251 is presented for three DNA templates: Lambda phage, Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 rbcL gene, and human H

252 pleted murine hosts revealed that neutrophil-phage synergy is essential for the resolution of pneumon

253 nditions when implementing our R5 displaying phage system, we may provide a relatively simple, econom

254 The decoration protein pb10 of phage T5 binds at the centre of the 120 hexamers formed

255 bunit RNA polymerases (RNAPs) are present in phage T7 and in mitochondria of all eukaryotes.

256 inal primase domain of the gene 4 protein of phage T7 comprises a zinc-binding domain that recognizes

257 haracterized by different angles between the phage tail and the cell surface.

258 Furthermore, different conformations of phage tail fibers correlated with the aforementioned ori

259 on of chimeric phages, we show that specific phage tail proteins allow for infection of strains with

260 Phage tail-like bacteriocins (PTLBs) are widespread in b

261 in mediating the sequential assembly of the phage tail.

262 x structures, termed tailocins, derived from phage-tail gene assemblies and hypothesized to be the se

263 Namely, phage tails were (i) parallel to, (ii) 45 degrees to, o

264 which are related to contractile Myoviridae phage tails, and the F-type PTLBs, which are related to

265 h are related to noncontractile Siphoviridae phage tails.

266 re with the infection of lytic and temperate phages that are either closely related (homotypic defenc

267 also suggest that during infection by lytic phages that are susceptible to CRISPR interference, CRIS

268 We tested two phiNM1 mutant phages that had null enzyme activity and found that they

269 y beyond the tail tip in vertically-oriented phages that had penetrated the cell wall, capturing the

270 s (AMG) are commonly found in the genomes of phages that infect cyanobacteria and increase the fitnes

271 ter capsulatus and characterization of novel phages that possess homologs of this GTA's structural an

272 th of a monoclonal colony during exposure to phages that proliferate on its surface.

273 ngle-stranded DNA (the microviruses) and RNA phages (the leviviruses) that effect host lysis using a

274 sign of phage applications in biotechnology, phage therapy and the evolutionary dynamics of phages wi

275 In vivo, single-dose phage therapy killed 2.5 log CFUs/g of vegetations in 6

276 ge synergy" contrasts with the paradigm that phage therapy success is largely due to bacterial permis

277 Single-dose phage therapy was active against P. aeruginosa EE and hi

278 and comforting data regarding the safety of phage therapy.

279 approach is the ability of our R5-displaying phage to form silica materials without the need for supp

280 unpredictable, ranging from a single target phage to one-third of those tested.

281 (gRNA) and is required for attachment of the phage to the host pilus.

282 en an enormous variety of strategies used by phages to overcome their hosts, one can expect that the

283 e cell protection results from inhibition of phage transport into the biofilm, which we demonstrate i

284 rway epithelial cultures, suggesting that Pf phage traps P. aeruginosa within the lung.

285 ive concentrations of endotoxin over time in phage-treated conditions were lower than those observed

286 promised host is substantially reduced after phage treatment.

287 coded by the Phrann prophage defends against phage Tweety infection, but Tweety codes for a tetrapept

288 Oral administration of the phages up to 24 h before V. cholerae challenge reduces c

289 bility, Fab yield and display on filamentous phage using different vectors and bacterial strains.

290 charide gene cap5E Although the PVL-encoding phage varphiSa2USA was introduced into the ST8 backgroun

291 ology to segments of commensal Acinetobacter phage viruses.

292 The in vivo production of Pf phage was also associated with reduced lung injury, redu

293 Enrichment of antibody binding phages was observed after three panning rounds, and sequ

294 n CRISPR-immunized against a set of virulent phages, we found one that evaded the CRISPR-encoded immu

295 Through construction of chimeric phages, we show that specific phage tail proteins allow

296 Lastly, therapeutic phages were not cleared by pulmonary immune effector cel

297 AR9 is a giant Bacillus subtilis phage whose uracil-containing double-stranded DNA genome

298 age therapy and the evolutionary dynamics of phages with their bacterial hosts.

299 (Flavobacterium-infecting, lipid-containing phage), with a circular ssDNA genome and an internal lip

300 Therapeutically relevant phages, with their low endotoxin release profile and fas