ライフサイエンスコーパス: phosphodiester

1 hene with concomitant release of the desired phosphodiester.

2 irectly by the 5'-OH RNA end to form a 3',5'-phosphodiester.

3 1 incision at the relevant ribonucleotide 3'-phosphodiester.

4 o form a splice junction with a 2'-OH, 3',5'-phosphodiester.

5 uration and instead display the Man-P-GlcNAc phosphodiester.

6 covert the nicked DNA-adenylate to a sealed phosphodiester.

7 ly, coordinating to the Zn complexes) of the phosphodiester.

8 t synthetic route to beta-D-arabinofuranosyl phosphodiesters.

9 lly redundant hydrogen bonds to the terminal phosphodiester; a S37A-T80A double mutation reduced kina

10 e first direct evidence for the formation of phosphodiester adducts by B[a]PDE following reaction wit

11 smembrane glycoprotein N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphodiester alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase ("uncoverin

12 e (GlcNAc-1-phosphotransferase) and GlcNAc-1-phosphodiester alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase ("uncoverin

13 and uncovering enzyme (N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphodiester alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase).

14 phosphate, and the 2 membrane phospholipids phosphodiester and phosphomonoester.

15 thyleneimine (PEI) of various MWs and ONs of phosphodiester and phosphorothioate chemistries.

16 orus of the N(3')pp(5')G end to form a 3',5'-phosphodiester and release GMP.

17 of the ribose O2' and generation of a 3',5'-phosphodiester at the splice junction.

18 izing intermediary abasic sites cleaving the phosphodiester backbone 5' to the abasic site.

19 they both recognize AP sites and incise the phosphodiester backbone 5' to the lesion, yet they lack

20 An adjustment in the position of the phosphodiester backbone 5'-phosphate enables 8-oxoG to a

21 ation reduces the amplitude of motion in the phosphodiester backbone and furanose ring of the same DN

22 asymmetric contacts between the A-duplex RNA phosphodiester backbone and the EF-loop in one coat prot

23 tion that engages a continuous region of the phosphodiester backbone and the hydrophobic faces of exp

24 and to reveal unexpected control of the DNA phosphodiester backbone by electrostatic interactions.

25 e changes in base vibrational ring modes and phosphodiester backbone conformation.

26 crossed a turn rather than running along the phosphodiester backbone contour.

27 ntact the AMP adenine (Lys(290)), engage the phosphodiester backbone flanking the nick (Arg(218), Arg

28 groups in the OB domain that engage the DNA phosphodiester backbone flanking the nick (Arg(333)); pe

29 DNA by catalyzing hydrolytic incision of the phosphodiester backbone immediately adjacent to the dama

30 f APE1, which is responsible for nicking the phosphodiester backbone in DNA on the 5' side of an apur

31 The dynamics of the phosphodiester backbone in the [5'-GCGC-3'] 2 moiety of

32 Phosphodiester backbone interactions between the protosp

33 d through noncanonical pairings and that the phosphodiester backbone is not contacted by the RNA.

34 between cisplatin and the negatively charged phosphodiester backbone may play an important role in fa

35 Thus, a continuous phosphodiester backbone negative charge is not essential

36 ed dipole-enhanced hydrogen bond between the phosphodiester backbone of bound DNA and the N terminus

37 zyme accelerates cleavage or ligation of the phosphodiester backbone of RNA has been incompletely und

38 urface provides an extended scaffold for the phosphodiester backbone of the conserved catalytic core

39 Functionalization of the sugar/phosphodiester backbone of the GS, which is in direct co

40 ation reduces the amplitude of motion in the phosphodiester backbone of the same DNA, and our observa

41 We have examined the effects of the phosphodiester backbone on the reactions of cisplatin wi

42 Neutralization of the phosphodiester backbone resulted in a DNA-footprinting p

43 The molecular properties of the phosphodiester backbone that made it the evolutionary ch

44 interactions; and (b) the arrangement of the phosphodiester backbone to focus negative electrostatic

45 c-di-GMP structure and replacing the charged phosphodiester backbone with an isosteric nonhydrolyzabl

46 ive contacts between the protein and the DNA phosphodiester backbone, as well as a number of direct h

47 ntly alters the intrinsic flexibility of the phosphodiester backbone, favoring the A-form in duplex R

48 l difference is the result of changes in the phosphodiester backbone.

49 is allow the enzyme to translocate along the phosphodiester backbone.

50 d to make 12 symmetrical contacts to the DNA phosphodiester backbone.

51 he RNA bases and has little influence on the phosphodiester backbone.

52 to the nonbridging phosphate oxygens in the phosphodiester backbone.

53 t with tDNA bases, while Arg362 contacts the phosphodiester backbone.

54 ted in the duplex by a slight opening in the phosphodiester backbone; all sugars retain a C2'-endo pu

55 used defined dsDNA fragments with a natural (phosphodiester) backbone and show that unmethylated CpG

56 toplasmic thioesterases into native, charged phosphodiester-backbone siRNAs, which induce robust RNAi

57 onomer in solution and that DNA ligands with phosphodiester backbones induce TLR9 dimerization in a s

58 By analyzing the conformation of the phosphodiester backbones, it is possible to understand f

59 feature of DNA helicases that move along DNA phosphodiester backbones.

60 mes catalyze site-specific cleavage of their phosphodiester backbones.

61 ccelerate site-specific cleavage/ligation of phosphodiester backbones.

62 ues in ONC that are proximal to the scissile phosphodiester bond (His10, Lys31, and His97) and uracil

63 ble for the specific cleavages at the second phosphodiester bond 3' to inosine.

64 pathway by catalyzing the hydrolysis of the phosphodiester bond 5 ' to a baseless sugar (apurinic or

65 function in nature is to cleave an internal phosphodiester bond and linearize concatemers during rol

66 -DNA phosphodiesterase (TDP1) hydrolyzes the phosphodiester bond at a DNA 3' end linked to a tyrosyl

67 -DNA phosphodiesterase (TDP1) hydrolyzes the phosphodiester bond at a DNA 3'-end linked to a tyrosyl

68 By enzymatically hydrolyzing the terminal phosphodiester bond at the 3'-ends of DNA breaks, tyrosy

69 thine, as well as hypoxanthine, and cuts the phosphodiester bond at their 5' sides.

70 plice-site selection and consists of a 2'-5' phosphodiester bond between a bulged adenosine and the 5

71 me catalyzes a self-cleavage reaction at the phosphodiester bond between residues A-1 and G1.

72 and DNA ligases catalyze the formation of a phosphodiester bond between the 5'-phosphate and 3'-hydr

73 alyzes regiospecific formation of a 5' to 3' phosphodiester bond between the 5'-triphosphate and the

74 This DNA break is linked to the protein by a phosphodiester bond between the active site tyrosine of

75 transient enzyme/DNA adduct is mediated by a phosphodiester bond between the active-site tyrosine and

76 ir enzyme for trapped Top1cc, hydrolyzes the phosphodiester bond between the DNA 3'-end and the Top1

77 ost possibly via a reaction that cleaves the phosphodiester bond between the tyrosine of the polymera

78 ly loads an NTP substrate at i+1 and forms a phosphodiester bond but cannot rapidly complete bond syn

79 ifications of U51 decrease RNase P-catalyzed phosphodiester bond cleavage 16- to 23-fold, as measured

80 +) ion as the general acid-base catalysts in phosphodiester bond cleavage at physiological salt.

81 eobase, ribose and backbone modifications on phosphodiester bond cleavage in collisionally activated

82 ins, has the potential to participate in the phosphodiester bond cleavage reaction by stabilizing the

83 g RNA (ncRNA) that catalyzes a site-specific phosphodiester bond cleavage reaction.

84 The hairpin ribozyme catalyzes reversible phosphodiester bond cleavage through a mechanism that do

85 Ade38 N1(H)+ functions as a general acid in phosphodiester bond cleavage.

86 ikely stabilizes the transition state during phosphodiester bond cleavage.

87 o backbone cleavage into C: and Y: ions from phosphodiester bond cleavage.

88 ational change, followed by relatively rapid phosphodiester bond formation (11 s(-1)) and then fast r

89 he transition state and reaction barrier for phosphodiester bond formation after the prechemistry sta

90 indicating that the more sensitive steps are phosphodiester bond formation and partitioning into inac

91 third Mg(2+) appeared during the process of phosphodiester bond formation and was located between th

92 l ligase couples the hydrolysis of NAD(+) to phosphodiester bond formation between an adjacent 3'OH a

93 T4 DNA ligase catalyzes phosphodiester bond formation between juxtaposed 5'-phos

94 hich is greater than the predicted values of phosphodiester bond formation both in solution and withi

95 hanistic coupling of the efficiency of early phosphodiester bond formation during productive TSS util

96 ng the nucleotide and metal bindings and the phosphodiester bond formation in a time perspective.

97 es during a "nonchemical" step that precedes phosphodiester bond formation in the enzymatic cycle of

98 s (DNAPs) require divalent metal cations for phosphodiester bond formation in the polymerase site and

99 ith rate constants of 75 and 20 s(-1); rapid phosphodiester bond formation occurs with a Keq of 2.2 a

100 The DNA-catalyzed 2',5'-phosphodiester bond formation proceeded efficiently with

101 kinetically, but several key steps following phosphodiester bond formation remain structurally unchar

102 ulse-chase experiments indicate that a rapid phosphodiester bond formation step is flanked by slow co

103 Here we follow the course of phosphodiester bond formation using time-resolved X-ray

104 However, in all mispairing cases, phosphodiester bond formation was inefficient.

105 crease in the Trp fluorescence occurred when phosphodiester bond formation was permitted, and these r

106 In contrast, at 35 degrees C, phosphodiester bond formation was suppressed and the maj

107 of equilibrium with the inactive complex and phosphodiester bond formation were altered.

108 leotide to generate adenylylated DNA; and 3) phosphodiester bond formation with release of AMP.

109 After phosphodiester bond formation, hPolbeta reopened its con

110 repetition of the nucleotide addition cycle: phosphodiester bond formation, translocation and binding

111 in the entire primase active site needed for phosphodiester bond formation, while UL5 minimally contr

112 ransitions that precede the chemical step of phosphodiester bond formation.

113 e polymerase active center just prior to the phosphodiester bond formation.

114 distinguishing early noncovalent steps from phosphodiester bond formation.

115 oncentration, and occurred in the absence of phosphodiester bond formation.

116 along the primer-template in the absence of phosphodiester bond formation.

117 ving group occur in the transition state for phosphodiester bond formation.

118 triphosphates (iNTPs) and performs the first phosphodiester bond formation.

119 ust before and dissociated immediately after phosphodiester bond formation.

120 entify many deoxyribozymes that catalyze DNA phosphodiester bond hydrolysis and create 5'-phosphate a

121 l Type II restriction endonucleases catalyze phosphodiester bond hydrolysis within or close to their

122 nd positioning of magnesium ions to catalyze phosphodiester bond hydrolysis.

123 vations, the enzyme's closed complex forms a phosphodiester bond in a highly efficient process >99.8%

124 provides the nucleophile to re-form a 3'-5' phosphodiester bond in a recombinant DNA strand.

125 The energy of ATP is used to form a new phosphodiester bond in DNA via a reaction mechanism that

126 (type II) that directly targets the scissile phosphodiester bond in DNA.

127 pase D (PLD) catalyzes the hydrolysis of the phosphodiester bond in phospholipids and plays a critica

128 The fact that hydrolysis of the phosphodiester bond in PIP(2) by PLC also releases a pro

129 sidues affect the positioning of the cleaved phosphodiester bond in the active site without disruptio

130 RNA-dependent RNA polymerases occurs when a phosphodiester bond is formed between the first two nucl

131 The scissile phosphodiester bond is located immediately 3' of a highl

132 te-limiting step for production of the first phosphodiester bond is open complex formation.

133 FEN1 hydrolyzes a specific phosphodiester bond one nucleotide into double-stranded

134 XPF-ERCC1 has a preference for cleaving the phosphodiester bond positioned on the 3'-side of a T or

135 ion (step 1), RNA adenylylation (step 2) and phosphodiester bond synthesis (step 3).

136 hich transcribing complexes, upon completing phosphodiester bond synthesis at register +5, enter one

137 anscription reaction, after pol II completes phosphodiester bond synthesis at register +5.

138 ance of motif 1a loop structure in promoting phosphodiester bond synthesis.

139 tides, are the result of cleavage of the C-O phosphodiester bond through transfer of LEEs to the phos

140 The hairpin ribozyme cleaves a phosphodiester bond within a cognate substrate.

141 They covalently react with a specific phosphodiester bond within DNA origin of transfer sequen

142 10MD5 is also site-specific because only one phosphodiester bond within the DNA substrate is cleaved,

143 s the regioselective formation of a 5'-to-3' phosphodiester bond, a reaction for which there is no kn

144 Mg(2+) ions can drive the hydrolysis of each phosphodiester bond, and how conformational changes in b

145 addition of a single nucleotide via a normal phosphodiester bond, and since there is no identifiable

146 duplex DNA segment, nicking one strand at a phosphodiester bond, covalently attaching to the 3' end

147 In this approach, the key glycosyl phosphodiester bond-forming reaction proceeds with high

148 the active site preventing formation of the phosphodiester bond.

149 ater molecule for nucleophilic attack of the phosphodiester bond.

150 duct, which contains at least one hydrolyzed phosphodiester bond.

151 polymerase (P protein) through a tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiester bond.

152 osphorous atom that leads to breakage of the phosphodiester bond.

153 proximately 20 phosphodiester bonds 5' and 5 phosphodiester bonds 3' to the photoproduct.

154 des are removed by incising approximately 20 phosphodiester bonds 5' and 5 phosphodiester bonds 3' to

155 TFIIF stimulates formation of the first two phosphodiester bonds and dramatically stabilizes a short

156 p and multiple phosphate oxygen atoms in the phosphodiester bonds are exposed to replace the oleic ac

157 s occurs in a condensation reaction in which phosphodiester bonds are formed.

158 Interestingly, breakage of the phosphodiester bonds at the AID-initiated MBR lesions is

159 BcgI cuts all eight target phosphodiester bonds before dissociation.

160 s RNA ligase (MthRnl) catalyzes formation of phosphodiester bonds between the 5'-phosphate and 3'-hyd

161 sterase 1 (Tdp1) catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds between the DNA 3'-phosphate and ty

162 rotein folds that catalyze the hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds have arisen independently in nature

163 In addition, the mixture of 2-5 and 3-5 phosphodiester bonds have emerged as a plausible structu

164 nd RNA polymerases catalyze the formation of phosphodiester bonds in a 5' to 3' direction, suggesting

165 the recognition sequence, hydrolyzing eight phosphodiester bonds in a single synaptic complex.

166 "catalytic" and able to hydrolyze peptide or phosphodiester bonds in antigens.

167 s indicate that some endonucleases hydrolyze phosphodiester bonds in both strands simultaneously wher

168 The RNaseA enzyme efficiently cleaves phosphodiester bonds in the RNA backbone.

169 al genetic polymer composed of vicinal 2',3'-phosphodiester bonds linking adjacent threofuranosyl nuc

170 uences, like Type I sites, but cut specified phosphodiester bonds near their sites, like Type IIS enz

171 These enzymes catalyze the hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds via a mechanism involving two Mn(2+

172 two DNA segments together, by cleaving eight phosphodiester bonds within a single-DNA binding event.

173 and (32)P labeling demonstrated the lack of phosphodiester bonds, which typically occur in PG-polysa

174 paced IN active sites to access the scissile phosphodiester bonds.

175 ter molecules thought to attack the scissile phosphodiester bonds.

176 fter PIC assembly and formation of the first phosphodiester bonds.

177 d messenger containing mixed 2'-5' and 3'-5' phosphodiester bonds.

178 dp1, provided it is attached to the DNA by a phosphodiester (but not a phosphorothioate) linkage.

179 can lead to strand breaks by cleavage of the phosphodiester C(3')-O(3') bond.

180 nge of 17-35 muM, implying that the cycloSal phosphodiester-carrying amino acid could mimic the phosp

181 RNA motifs that catalyze the same reversible phosphodiester cleavage reaction, but each motif adopts

182 the reaction mechanism for the zinc-mediated phosphodiester cleavage reaction.

183 complement as general bases to initiate the phosphodiester cleavage reaction.

184 dynamics, we examined certain aspects of the phosphodiester cleavage step in the mechanism.

185 ails of the calcium inhibition mechanism for phosphodiester cleavage, an essential reaction in the me

186 The phosphodiester congener of G3139 is ineffective at the c

187 This ability of the CI-MPR to target phosphodiester-containing enzymes ensures lysosomal deli

188 vides new avenues to investigate the role of phosphodiester-containing lysosomal enzymes in the bioge

189 ing this region of the receptor in targeting phosphodiester-containing lysosomal enzymes to the lysos

190 domain 5 exhibiting a marked preference for phosphodiester-containing lysosomal enzymes.

191 e CD-MPR bound weakly or undetectably to the phosphodiester derivatives, but strongly to the phosphom

192 ion of an enzyme that can hydrolyze a cyclic phosphodiester directly to a vicinal diol and inorganic

193 y of strand joining whereby the 2',3'-cyclic phosphodiester end is hydrolyzed to a 3'-monophosphate,

194 intermediate (step 2) but is dispensable for phosphodiester formation at a preadenylylated nick (step

195 teins in this family, DUF2233 functions as a phosphodiester glycosidase.

196 At pH 7.0, the overall charge (including the phosphodiester group charge) is found to be -3.96 +/- 0.

197 (-) oxygen and changes in base stretches and phosphodiester group conformation are observed.

198 cine (EAL) domains, which hydrolyze a single phosphodiester group in c-di-GMP to produce 5'-phosphogu

199 ractions with the +1 and -1, but not the +2, phosphodiester group of the single-stranded DNA substrat

200 es with a positively charged lipid lacking a phosphodiester group reveal that this lipid modification

201 f the thymine and possibly with those of the phosphodiester group.

202 ns in EPLs and that the distance between the phosphodiester groups in the two leaflets of the DMPC an

203 Ca(2+) and P(i) and the carboxyl, amino, and phosphodiester groups of PS.

204 The phosphodiester groups of the DNA backbone are attracted

205 methyltransferase 3a and methyl-5'-cytosine-phosphodiester-guanine-domain binding proteins, reduced

206 ycerol positions, and (3) elaboration of the phosphodiester headgroup using a 2-chloro-1,3,2-dioxapho

207 e configuration that suggests a mechanism of phosphodiester hydrolysis by a metal-activated water mol

208 the selection strategy deliberately avoided phosphodiester hydrolysis led to DNA-catalyzed ester and

209 the dimer, trapping the loop; the subsequent phosphodiester hydrolysis step.

210 experiment instead led to DNA-catalyzed DNA phosphodiester hydrolysis.

211 tion of modified nucleosides after enzymatic phosphodiester hydrolysis.

212 ractions formed with nucleic acids and other phosphodiesters in solution.

213 identification of metal ions associated with phosphodiesters in solution.

214 Increasing the number of negatively charged phosphodiesters in the oligonucleotide increased the amo

215 entification and quantification of metal ion-phosphodiester interactions are essential for understand

216 A phosphodiester intermediate mimic was the most potent of

217 -NH-5' amides are excellent replacements for phosphodiester internucleoside linkages in RNA.

218 an also form a coordination complex with the phosphodiester internucleotide linkage of DNA.

219 to ribonucleoside monophosphate and cyclic X-phosphodiester, is identical to a DAK-encoded dihydroxya

220 ribose or deoxyribose) and the nature of the phosphodiester linkage (3'-5' or 2'-5' orientation) have

221 linked to Thr and Ser residues in gp72 via a phosphodiester linkage (GlcNAcpalpha1-P-Thr/Ser) and tha

222 ps in c-di-GMP with a bridging sulfur in the phosphodiester linkage affords an analogue called endo-S

223 How pol II recognizes DNA template backbone (phosphodiester linkage and sugar) and whether it tolerat

224 osition of the pyrophosphate and the unusual phosphodiester linkage between the two terminal RNA resi

225 e suggest that the asymmetric recognition of phosphodiester linkage by modern nucleic acid enzymes li

226 lves to mature-sized tRNAs where the joining phosphodiester linkage contains the phosphate originally

227 clic dinucleotide (cGAMP) containing a 2'-5' phosphodiester linkage essential for optimal immune stim

228 ogeneity sites at the template but stalls at phosphodiester linkage heterogeneity sites.

229 compatibility of a triazole mimic of the DNA phosphodiester linkage in Escherichia coli has been eval

230 ecific nucleophilic substitution at a single phosphodiester linkage in the pentapyrimidine recognitio

231 l-transferase superfamily and hydrolyzes the phosphodiester linkage on the RNA strand of a DNA/RNA hy

232 elity, suggesting essential contributions of phosphodiester linkage to pol II transcription.

233 nucleotide for the insertion of ribitol in a phosphodiester linkage to the glycoprotein.

234 lf becomes the junction phosphate of the new phosphodiester linkage, and (ii) a 3'-P ligation process

235 we propose a novel structure-a ribitol in a phosphodiester linkage-for the moiety on which TMEM5, B4

236 scopy showed a single phosphorus atom in the phosphodiester linkage.

237 asymmetric (strand-specific) recognition of phosphodiester linkage.

238 AMP containing a unique combination of mixed phosphodiester linkages (2'3'-cGAMP) is an endogenous se

239 osamine-1-phosphate units linked together by phosphodiester linkages [ --> 6)-alpha-D-ManNAc-(1 --> O

240 Concurrent studies also reveal unique phosphodiester linkages in endogenous cGAMP that disting

241 n generating site-specific oxygen-18-labeled phosphodiester linkages in oligonucleotides, such that c

242 The unusual 2',5'-phosphodiester linkages in RNA lariats produced by the s

243 his work, we systematically investigated how phosphodiester linkages of nucleic acids govern pol II t

244 was treated with cisplatin, but not when the phosphodiester linkages of T(pT)(8) were replaced with m

245 gments containing (2'-->5')-internucleotidic phosphodiester linkages or noteworthy nucleobase modific

246 nsferase (NT) superfamily and hydrolyzes the phosphodiester linkages that form the backbone of the RN

247 catalysts (deoxyribozymes) can hydrolyze DNA phosphodiester linkages, but DNA-catalyzed amide bond hy

248 messenger contains G(2',5')pA and A(3',5')pG phosphodiester linkages, designated c[G(2',5')pA(3',5')p

249 AMP in mammalian cells contains two distinct phosphodiester linkages, one between 2'-OH of GMP and 5'

250 P molecules containing other combinations of phosphodiester linkages.

251 cleotides harboring vicinal 2',5'- and 3',5'-phosphodiester linkages.

252 GAMP that contains G(2',5')pA and A(3',5')pG phosphodiester linkages.

253 n why the enzyme lacks activity toward 3',5'-phosphodiester linkages.

254 human Tdp1 lacks the ability to hydrolyze a phosphodiester linked 5'-fluorescein.

255 First, the conformations of the phosphodiester linker were determined by quantum chemist

256 ed as homo- or heterodimers or multimers via phosphodiester linkers that are stable in plasma, but cl

257 ffinity for lysosomal enzymes containing the phosphodiester Man-P-GlcNAc when in the context of a con

258 ontain solely phosphomonoesters (Man-6-P) or phosphodiesters (mannose 6-phosphate N-acetylglucosamine

259 nd that amides as non-ionic replacements for phosphodiesters may be useful modifications for optimiza

260 ift in response to applied force, indicating phosphodiester mechanical alterations.

261 The phosphodiester modes can be assigned to individual adeni

262 d on hydrogen bonding between nucleobase and phosphodiester moieties.

263 no acid carrying a cyclosaligenyl (cycloSal) phosphodiester moiety, into dipeptides to investigate th

264 or interactions lost due to the absence of a phosphodiester moiety.

265 GlcNAc-1-phosphodiester-N-acetylglucosaminidase ("uncovering enzy

266 f the sequence motifs of B-class and C-class phosphodiester ODNs to identify the sequence properties

267 to the pro-(S(p))-oxygen of the G(+3)pA(+2) phosphodiester of the nonscissile strand.

268 oside monomers ("fluorosides") into DNA-like phosphodiester oligomers (oligodeoxyfluorosides or ODFs)

269 Control phosphodiester oligonucleotide (PO-ON) polymer without t

270 a mixture of porcine-derived single-stranded phosphodiester oligonucleotides (9-80-mer; average, 50-m

271 Herein, we show that DF and phosphodiester oligonucleotides can bind to heparin-bind

272 re containing zero, one, or two Man-P-GlcNAc phosphodiester or Man-6-P phosphomonoester residues was

273 Opines are either sugar phosphodiesters or the products of condensed amino acids

274 ound to produce the corresponding unmodified phosphodiester (PDE) primer, which was then a suitable D

275 holds that synthesis of polynucleotide 3'-5' phosphodiesters proceeds via the attack of a 3'-OH on a

276 oups have been introduced as esterase-labile phosphodiester protecting groups that additionally are t

277 ts often yield ribozymes that generate 2'-5' phosphodiesters rather than conventional 3'-5' linkages.

278 riants, reveal the molecular basis for 2',5'-phosphodiester recognition and explain why the enzyme la

279 een attributed to diffusion-in-a-cone of the phosphodiester region, analogous to motion of a cylinder

280 e substrate at the positions of the scissile phosphodiesters result in abolition or inhibition of res

281 transitions required for intercalation of a phosphodiester-ribose backbone and suggest a possible co

282 k of the 5'-OH on DNA3'pp5'G to form a 3'-5' phosphodiester splice junction.

283 of the nick 3'-OH on AppDNA to form a 3'-5' phosphodiester (step 3).

284 ltanuM) is largely insensitive to changes in phosphodiester structure but strongly dependent on the a

285 at enables Escherichia coli to utilize alkyl phosphodiesters, such as diethyl phosphate, as the sole

286 r, we found that the number and placement of phosphodiesters surrounding a GTG sequence significantly

287 VLig-AMP revealed that the rate constant for phosphodiester synthesis (k(step3) = 25 s(-1)) exceeds t

288 talysis of DNA 5'-adenylylation (step 2) and phosphodiester synthesis (step 3).

289 n the catalysis of the DNA adenylylation and phosphodiester synthesis reactions.

290 The rates of DNA adenylylation and phosphodiester synthesis respond differently to pH, such

291 ligase adenylylation, DNA adenylylation, and phosphodiester synthesis).

292 ly adenylylate 5'-phosphate ends en route to phosphodiester synthesis.

293 To determine how the CI-MPR recognizes phosphodiesters, the structure of domain 5 was determine

294 ze the requisite chemistry, generating a new phosphodiester through attack of a terminal hydroxyl of

295 ificant (P = .02) reduction was found in the phosphodiester to ATP ratio.

296 The hairpin ribozyme accelerates the rate of phosphodiester transfer reactions by at least 5 orders o

297 ribitol, and phosphoric acid, joined to form phosphodiester units that are found in the envelope of G

298 templates with triazole linkages in place of phosphodiesters, we have designed a strategy for chemica

299 ')pp(5')G end is converted to a 2',3'-cyclic phosphodiester, which is then attacked directly by the 5

300 H 14 are both large relative to reactions of phosphodiesters with good leaving groups, indicating tha