ライフサイエンスコーパス: photolyase

1 y with the light-activated DNA repair enzyme photolyase.

2 y of the flavin cofactor in Escherichia coli photolyase.

3 lesion changes dramatically upon binding to Photolyase.

4 tructurally related to the DNA repair enzyme photolyase.

5 , from Chlamydomonas encoding a class II DNA photolyase.

6 new procedure for the rapid isolation of DNA photolyase.

7 at PHR2 encodes the chloroplast targeted DNA photolyase.

8 by T4 endonuclease V and photoreversal by UV photolyase.

9 nalogous to the cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer photolyase.

10 A sequence encoding a type II (metazoan) CPD photolyase.

11 is PHR1, which encodes the apoenzyme for DNA photolyase.

12 omology to the Drosophila melanogaster (6-4) photolyase.

13 same is also true for the DNA repair enzyme, photolyase.

14 to the antenna chromophore-binding pocket of photolyase.

15 -induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers by UV photolyase.

16 erve as photoreceptors for cryptochromes and photolyases.

17 ing and thymine base moieties in class I CPD photolyases.

18 in 10 elementary steps in all classes of CPD photolyases.

19 ent reaction catalyzed by enzymes called DNA photolyases.

20 e homology to animal cryptochromes and (6-4) photolyases.

21 distinguishing them from conventional (6-4) photolyases.

22 own to serve as a second chromophore for DNA photolyases.

23 e chromophore in native Escherichia coli DNA photolyase ([6R]-5,10-CH+-H4Pte(Glu)n=3-6) serves as an

24 repair pathway (cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer photolyase), a LINE-type reverse transcriptase, and a mu

25 Through electron tunneling, photolyase, a photoenzyme, splits UV-induced cyclobutane

26 r in the DNA-repair enzyme, Escherichia coli photolyase, a protein closely related to cryptochrome wh

27 dissimilarity of a surface cavity to that of photolyase account for its lack of DNA-repair activity.

28 However, cryptochromes lack photolyase activity and are characterized by distinguish

29 n (Cry-DASH) subfamily of cryptochromes have photolyase activity exclusively for single-stranded cycl

30 abidopsis mutant that is entirely lacking in photolyase activity has been found to contain a lesion w

31 Chlamydomonas has been shown to have DNA photolyase activity in both the nucleus and the chloropl

32 photoreceptors, both hCRY1 and hCRY2 lacked photolyase activity on the cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer

33 is deficient in nuclear but not chloroplast photolyase activity was shown by RFLP analysis not to be

34 selected catalytic DNA that shows efficient photolyase activity, using light of <310 nm wavelength t

35 in vivo, and plant extracts lack detectable photolyase activity.

36 ofactor has an unusual bent configuration in photolyase and cryptochrome, and such a folded structure

37 Assuming ET as the universal mechanism for photolyase and cryptochrome, these results imply anionic

38 -temporal molecular picture of CPD repair by photolyase and elucidate the underlying molecular mechan

39 After addition of photolyase and exposure to visible light, some of the tr

40 The flavin cofactor in photoenzyme photolyase and photoreceptor cryptochrome may exist in a

41 ur study presents a unique prokaryotic (6-4) photolyase and proposes that the prokaryotic (6-4) photo

42 light activation of flavin analogous to DNA photolyase and rapid intramolecular electron transfer be

43 support a role for Phycomyces cry-DASH as a photolyase and suggest a similar role for cry-DASH in mu

44 in its electron-transfer-mediated repair by photolyase and that the unique relative orientation of t

45 This damage is repaired by photolyase and the nucleotide excision repair system in

46 Photolyases and cryptochrome blue-light photoreceptors a

47 Photolyases and cryptochromes are flavoproteins that bel

48 is a major pathway, but mechanisms involving photolyases and DNA glycosylases have also been characte

49 Cryptochromes are proteins related to DNA photolyases and have been shown to function as blue-ligh

50 redox states of the flavin cofactor in both photolyases and insect type 1 cryptochromes.

51 the photolyase/photoreceptor family are not photolyases and instead may function as blue-light photo

52 FAD is the catalytic chromophore for all photolyases and is essential for photoreactivation.

53 chromophores have been described for several photolyases and related cryptochromes, but no correlatio

54 e and synthetic DNA using T4 endonuclease V, photolyase, and anti-CPD antibodies strongly suggest tha

55 The hybrid duplex is recognized by photolyase, and irradiation of the complex leads to the

56 have an N-terminal domain that is similar to photolyase, and most have an additional C-terminal domai

57 oteins that encompasses DNA repair proteins, photolyases, and cryptochromes that regulate blue-light-

58 acterium tumefaciens, and propose that (6-4) photolyases are broadly distributed in prokaryotes.

59 Photolyases are DNA repair enzymes that use energy from

60 Cryptochromes and photolyases are flavoproteins that undergo cascades of e

61 Cyclobutane dimer photolyases are proteins that bind to UV-damaged DNA con

62 Photolyases are proteins with an FAD chromophore that re

63 DNA photolyases are specific for either cyclobutane-type pyr

64 The cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer class III photolyases are structurally unknown but closely related

65 yase and proposes that the prokaryotic (6-4) photolyases are the ancestors of the cryptochrome/photol

66 By using the bacterial photolyase as a starting point, we modeled the region en

67 It was recently discovered that animal (6-4) photolyases, as well as animal cryptochromes, feature a

68 e presence of genes for both CPD and (6-4)PP photolyases, as well as genes for nucleotide excision re

69 ptochrome 1 (Cry1) and 2 (Cry2) evolved from photolyases, bacterial light-activated DNA repair enzyme

70 and with the apparent absence of Arabidopsis photolyases bearing transit peptides.

71 Photolyase binds to UV photoproducts in DNA and repairs

72 DNA clone with high sequence homology to the photolyase/blue-light photoreceptor family was identifie

73 Similar to other members of the photolyase/blue-light photoreceptor family, both protein

74 nessential for photoreactivation because DNA photolyase bound to only FAD is sufficient to catalyze t

75 aeal primases, suggesting that the PhrB-like photolyases branched at the base of the evolution of the

76 tochromes have high sequence homology to DNA photolyase but appear to lack photorepair activity.

77 t-Cry3 are not conserved in Escherichia coli photolyase but are strongly conserved in the Cry-DASH su

78 A-repair activity of the closely related DNA photolyases, but they retain the ability to bind nucleot

79 active site of cofactor/substrate in enzyme photolyase by examining femtosecond-resolved fluorescenc

80 the functional differences between CRYs and PHOTOLYASE can be attributed to the few amino acid chang

81 We find that both wild-type and W306F mutant photolyases carry out at least 25 rounds of photorepair

82 molecular model of a thymine dimer docked to photolyase catalytic site and studied molecular dynamics

83 DNA photolyases catalyze the blue light-dependent repair of

84 The (6-4) photolyase catalyzes the photoreversal of the (6-4) dipy

85 the generation and characterization of xCRY/photolyase chimeras, we found that the second half of th

86 Escherichia coli DNA photolyase contains FADH(-) as the catalytic cofactor.

87 The cryptochrome/photolyase (CRY/PL) family of photoreceptors mediates ad

88 nding site differs from other members of the photolyase-cryptochrome superfamily by an antenna loop t

89 genome revealed three genes belonging to the photolyase/cryptochrome blue-light photoreceptor family.

90 sfer for the initial functional steps of the photolyase/cryptochrome blue-light photoreceptor family.

91 The photolyase/cryptochrome family is a large family of flav

92 he evolution of the diverse functions of the photolyase/cryptochrome family of flavoproteins and offe

93 Recently, a new branch of the photolyase/cryptochrome family was identified.

94 amily of highly conserved flavoproteins, the photolyase/cryptochrome family.

95 unlikely to be the functional states of the photolyase/cryptochrome family.

96 Unlike the homologous DNA repair enzyme 6-4 PHOTOLYASE, CRYs have extended carboxyl-terminal tails a

97 scherichia coli, is able to complement a DNA photolyase deficiency.

98 ponding FPV ORF to complement functionally a photolyase-deficient Escherichia coli strain.

99 The PHR1 protein complements a photolyase-deficient mutant of Escherichia coli and thus

100 Cyclic and square-wave voltammograms of photolyase deposited on these electrodes show a redox si

101 Photoreactivation with (6-4) photolyase did not lower the mutant frequency appreciabl

102 A structural model for photolyase-dimer interaction is presented.

103 The structure of the photolyase/DNA complex is unknown at present.

104 tion of efficient, visible light-harnessing, photolyase DNAzymes for either the prophylaxis or therap

105 uinone flavin can be the functional state in photolyase due to the slower ET dynamics (2 ns) with the

106 In Escherichia coli photolyase (EcPhr), the MTHF cofactor is present in subs

107 d by treating keratinocytes with photosomes (photolyase encapsulated in liposomes) followed by photor

108 nisms such as nucleotide excision repair and photolyase enzymes for repairing UV-induced DNA damage a

109 Exposure of the photolyase-expressing cell lines to photoreactivating li

110 ingle gene for a protein of the cryptochrome/photolyase family (CPF) encoding a cry-DASH, cryA, despi

111 inherent to all proteins of the cryptochrome/photolyase family and that cryptochromes are, therefore,

112 eduction of the FAD cofactor of cryptochrome/photolyase family proteins.

113 closely related members of the cryptochrome-photolyase family.

114 he base of the evolution of the cryptochrome/photolyase family.

115 lyases are the ancestors of the cryptochrome/photolyase family.

116 photoreceptors share sequence similarity to photolyases, flavoproteins that mediate light-dependent

117 To mimic photolyase for efficient repair of UV-damaged DNA, numer

118 s structurally conserved in eukaryotic (6-4) photolyases for which the second His is essential for th

119 stitution, whereas the higher plant class II photolyase from Arabidopsis thaliana fails to bind any o

120 Unlike the recently reported class II DNA photolyase from Arabidopsis, the protein encoded by PHR2

121 isolation and characterization of a type III photolyase from Caulobacter crescentus.

122 l analysis of the distantly related class II photolyase from the archaeon Methanosarcina mazei (MmCPD

123 ch the second His is essential for the (6-4) photolyase function.

124 nce homology with light-dependent DNA repair photolyases, function as photoreceptors in plants and ci

125 eversed by photoreactivation with E. coli UV photolyase, further demonstrating the correct stereochem

126 onclude that PHR1 represents a genuine plant photolyase gene and that the plant genes with homology t

127 stingly, insertional inactivation of the FPV photolyase gene did not impair the replication of such a

128 Based on transcriptional analyses, the photolyase gene was found to be expressed late during th

129 ing the cloned Drosophila melanogaster (6-4) photolyase gene, we overproduced and purified the recomb

130 high light inducible protein (Hlip) and DNA photolyase genes in their genomes.

131 roscopy measurements on Xenopus laevis (6-4) photolyase have shown that the fourth residue is effecti

132 Plant photolyases have been purified, characterized, and have

133 Previous studies on microbial photolyases have revealed an electron-tunneling pathway

134 e presence of a cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer photolyase homologue in FPV suggests the presence of a p

135 vel cry mutation (cry(m)) reveals that CRY's photolyase homology domain is sufficient for light detec

136 These receptors consist of a photolyase homology region (PHR) carrying the oxidized f

137 imeras, we found that the second half of the photolyase homology region (PHR) of CRY is important for

138 eveal that a small domain extending from the photolyase homology region (PHR) of CRY1 regulates the s

139 ferentiating alpha-helical domain within the photolyase homology region (PHR) of CRY1, designated as

140 hese photoreceptors bind oxidized FAD in the photolyase homology region (PHR).

141 4,5)P(2) and PI(3,4,5)P(3), was fused to the photolyase homology region domain of CRY2, and the CRY2-

142 We show that the photolyase-homology region interacts with the C-terminal

143 acid carboxy-terminal extensions beyond the photolyase-homology region that have been shown to media

144 mology to the recently characterized type II photolyases identified in a number of prokaryotic and an

145 Overexpression of PHR2 photolyase in a photoreactivation-deficient mutant, phr1

146 class II cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD)-photolyase in the genome of FPV.

147 , consistent with the presence of a gene for photolyase in the genome of S. solfataricus.

148 amination, and treated with Escherichia coli photolyase in the presence of 365 nm light to reverse cy

149 cally in a mechanism consistent with that of photolyase in which the photoexcited state of the purine

150 ryptochrome DASH, reveals commonalities with photolyases in DNA binding and redox-dependent function,

151 cting 8-HDF binding for most of the class II photolyases in the whole phylome.

152 ide in At-Cry3 is similar to that of E. coli photolyase, in conjunction with the presence of electron

153 an unusual folded conformation of FADH(-) in photolyases, in which the isoalloxazine ring of the flav

154 ed with and without photoreactivation by CPD photolyase indicated that the remaining mutations were d

155 he deduced amino acid sequence of M. xanthus photolyase indicates that the protein contains 401 amino

156 Therefore, FPV appears to incorporate its photolyase into mature virions where the enzyme can prom

157 we have introduced photoproduct-specific DNA photolyases into a mouse cell line carrying the transgen

158 Photolyase is a blue-light-activated enzyme that repairs

159 DNA photolyase is a flavoprotein that repairs cyclobutylpyri

160 DNA Photolyase is a flavoprotein that uses light to repair c

161 Photolyase is a light-activated flavoenzyme that binds t

162 The electron donor cofactor of a photolyase is a two-electron-reduced flavin adenine dinu

163 Photolyase is an enzyme that catalyses photorepair of th

164 for a second gene for full activity of a DNA photolyase is novel.

165 This mutant provides evidence that CPD photolyase is required for plant survival in the presenc

166 ts show that the photocycle of DNA repair by photolyase is through a radical mechanism and completed

167 and DNA sequences with those of other known photolyases, it has been found that it is more similar t

168 Cryptochromes (CRY) are photolyase-like blue-light receptors that mediate light

169 Cryptochromes are photolyase-like blue/UV-A light receptors that regulate

170 us in vitro experiments established that the photolyase-like domain of CRY-1 can bind Mg.ATP, and we

171 We present here the crystal structure of the photolyase-like domain of CRY-1 from Arabidopsis thalian

172 d through the flavin bound to the N-terminal photolyase-like domain.

173 Gene knockout analysis in two putative photolyase-like genes (phr1 and phr2) implicated only ph

174 the C terminus of CRY on the photosensitive, photolyase-like part of the protein.

175 Here, we report the isolation of a novel photolyase-like sequence from Arabidopsis designated PHR

176 ctra of various flavoproteins, including DNA photolyase, measured using this new technique.

177 Two new artificial photolyase models that recognize pyrimidine dimers in pr

178 rp306 and *FADH. in the Escherichia coli DNA photolyase molecule, using the method of interatomic tun

179 decreases the steady-state concentration of photolyase molecules and PHR1 mRNA, and increases the UV

180 THF), fully complements the Escherichia coli photolyase mutant and repairs in vitro CPD lesions in si

181 We demonstrate that the CPD photolyase mutation is genetically linked to a DNA seque

182 PHR2 was predicted to encode the chloroplast photolyase of Chlamydomonas.

183 r to the deduced amino acid sequences of the photolyases of "higher" eukaryotes than to the photolyas

184 otolyases of "higher" eukaryotes than to the photolyases of other eubacteria.

185 Exposure of photolyase on T<>T-damaged DNA films to near-UV/blue lig

186 ittle sequence similarity with either type I photolyases or the cryptochrome family of blue light pho

187 repair enzymes for UV-B-induced DNA lesions (photolyases) or as UV-A/blue light photoreceptors (crypt

188 hotolyase which is >50% identical to E. coli photolyase over the region comprising the DNA binding do

189 ussed in the context of electron transfer in photolyase, particularly for the semiquinone photoreduct

190 protein electron transfer is not part of the photolyase photocycle under physiological conditions.

191 e that these newly discovered members of the photolyase/photoreceptor family are not photolyases and

192 In Escherichia coli photolyase, photoreduction of the flavin adenine dinucle

193 synthesis and repair, including dipyrimidine photolyase (phr) and cytidylate monophosphate kinase (pa

194 structural gene mutation in the type II CPD photolyase PHR1.

195 he identification of the gene encoding a DNA photolyase (phrA) from the Gram-negative eubacterium Myx

196 Here we report a prokaryotic (6-4) photolyase, PhrB from Agrobacterium tumefaciens, and pro

197 D and FADH(*) in folate-depleted E. coli DNA photolyase (PL(OX) and PL(SQ), respectively) was measure

198 DNA photolyase (PL) is a monomeric flavoprotein that repairs

199 CPDs can be directly repaired by DNA photolyase (PL) upon absorption of blue-green light.

200 Our simulations confirm that ET in (6-4) photolyase proceeds out of equilibrium.

201 The cryptochrome/photolyase protein family possesses a conserved triad of

202 The DNA repair enzyme photolyase provides a natural system that allows for the

203 The crystal structure of photolyase related protein B (PhrB) at 1.45 A resolution

204 l structure of a class III photolyase termed photolyase-related protein A (PhrA) of Agrobacterium tum

205 DNA photolyases repair pyrimidine dimers via a reaction in w

206 Photolyases repair UV-damaged DNA in many species from b

207 DNA photolyase repairs pyrimidine dimer lesions in DNA throu

208 uously tune local configurations to optimize photolyase's function through resonance energy transfer

209 ain a lesion within this Arabidopsis type II photolyase sequence.

210 Unlike DNA photolyase, SP lyase does not contain a flavin cofactor

211 Only one of the three, VcPhr, is a photolyase specific for cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers.

212 The crystal structure of Escherichia coli photolyase suggested that the pyrimidine dimer is flippe

213 est that PHR2 is the structural gene for the photolyase targeted to both the chloroplast and the nucl

214 present the crystal structure of a class III photolyase termed photolyase-related protein A (PhrA) of

215 es cerevisiae DNA repair gene PHR1 encodes a photolyase that catalyzes the light-dependent repair of

216 ccharomyes cerevisiae produce a CPD-specific photolyase that eliminates only this class of dimer, Ara

217 emical analysis shows that it is a bona fide photolyase that repairs cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers.

218 ogue, which in other organisms encodes a DNA photolyase that repairs UV-induced pyrimidine dimers wit

219 UVR3 products were previously identified as photolyases that remove UV-induced pyrimidine dimers in

220 , structurally and evolutionarily related to photolyases, that are involved in the development, magne

221 that the plant genes with homology to type I photolyases (the cryptochrome family of blue light photo

222 Therefore, in photolyase, the photo-excitation itself enhances the ele

223 In photolyases, the excited active state (FADH(-)*) has a l

224 hey are flavoproteins similar in sequence to photolyases, their presumptive evolutionary ancestors.

225 taining blue light photoreceptors related to photolyases-they are found in both plants and animals an

226 wn how the photoinduced step is optimized in photolyase to attain maximum efficiency.

227 able FADH(*) radical (300-700 nm) allows CPD photolyase to highly efficiently form FADH(-), making it

228 In addition, we used photolyase to mark the sites of UV lesions in supercoile

229 picture on the evolutionary transition from photolyase to photoreceptor.

230 hoto-induced repair of (6-4) photolesions by photolyases to specific molecular structures.

231 t higher eukaryotes which depend on class II photolyases to struggle with the genotoxic effects of so

232 d to UVC (to induce CPD and 6-4PP), to UVC + photolyase (to leave only 6-4PP on the plasmid), or to U

233 n events (CC to UU), is PCR amplification of photolyase-treated DNA using primers complemetary to the

234 ing that most of the mutations arising in UV/photolyase-treated ds DNA were C-->T mutations mediated

235 ion of UVB + acetophenone-, but not of UVC + photolyase-treated plasmids was normal in XP4PA-SE1 cell

236 The (6-4) photolyases use blue light to reverse UV-induced (6-4) p

237 DNA photolyases use two noncovalently bound chromophores to

238 In many organisms, a flavoenzyme called photolyase uses blue light energy to repair the 6-4PP.

239 Photolyase uses blue light to restore the major ultravio

240 Photolyase uses energy from blue light to repair UV-indu

241 Photolyase uses light energy to split UV-induced cyclobu

242 teps of repair of ultraviolet-damaged DNA by photolyase using femtosecond spectroscopy.

243 the cII gene after photoreactivation by CPD photolyase was reduced from 127 x 10(-5) to 34 x 10(-5)

244 ls that stably express photoproduct-specific photolyases, we determined the binding characteristics o

245 mydomonas reinhardtii encodes a class II DNA photolyase which catalyzes the photorepair of cyclobutan

246 odel using the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Phr1 photolyase which is >50% identical to E. coli photolyase

247 ed a new class of the family, named type III photolyase, which cosegregates with plant cryptochromes.

248 the antenna chromophores of light-driven DNA photolyases, which remove UV-induced DNA lesions.

249 l to flavoenzyme's functions, as observed in photolyase with a planar structure to lengthen the lifet

250 ining, folate-depleted) Escherichia coli DNA photolyase with and without dinucleotide and polynucleot

251 nd repair kinetics of Anacystis nidulans DNA photolyase with dimeric and pentameric oligothymidine su

252 aracterization of photoreduction dynamics of photolyase with femtosecond resolution.

253 rial, plant, and animal sources actually are photolyases with high degree of specificity for cyclobut

254 cture reveals a fold that is very similar to photolyase, with a single molecule of FAD noncovalently

255 ch has a high degree of sequence identity to photolyase, works as the main circadian photoreceptor an

256 r species, as well as to the closely related photolyases, xCRYs have a conserved flavin binding domai

257 us laevis contains both CRYs (xCRYs) and 6-4 PHOTOLYASE (xPHOTOLYASE), providing an excellent compara