ライフサイエンスコーパス: photopigment

1 at results in proteolytic degradation of the photopigment.

2 press a human long-wavelength-sensitive cone photopigment.

3 activities and express the melanopsin (OPN4) photopigment.

4 ches too large a fraction of the rod or cone photopigment.

5 that bleached a significant fraction of cone photopigment.

6 also as a consequence of regeneration of the photopigment.

7 contain melanopsin, a putative ganglion cell photopigment.

8 enerated in some way by the bleaching of the photopigment.

9 ng an antiserum against melanopsin, a likely photopigment.

10 which bleached a negligible fraction of the photopigment.

11 ough to bleach a substantial fraction of the photopigment.

12 charge motion is consistent with a rhodopsin photopigment.

13 ing the immediate utility of acquiring a new photopigment.

14 transgenic mouse that expresses a human cone photopigment.

15 that is unrelated to spectral shifts of the photopigment.

16 it to all-trans-retinal, which activates the photopigment.

17 ated with 9-cis retinal before extraction of photopigment.

18 pends on the presence of three types of cone photopigment.

19 t with the predicted axial absorptance of th photopigment.

20 uggesting the involvement of another retinal photopigment.

21 atic theory, with no need to invoke a fourth photopigment.

22 All ipRGCs use melanopsin (Opn4) as their photopigment.

23 the rate of recovery of functional rhodopsin photopigment.

24 diate dim light vision and express rhodopsin photopigment.

25 istry share more in common with invertebrate photopigments.

26 nset of synaptogenesis and the expression of photopigments.

27 y random rule for assigning the L and M cone photopigments.

28 reased effective optical density of the cone photopigments.

29 a delay in the regeneration of cone and rod photopigments.

30 have been proposed to function as circadian photopigments.

31 tinin or by colabeling with antisera to cone photopigments.

32 absorptance differences among the three cone photopigments.

33 icantly, both isoforms form fully functional photopigments.

34 n that enhances the regeneration of rod/cone photopigments.

35 L and cVA) are capable of forming functional photopigments.

36 mals being based almost exclusively on opsin photopigments [1].

37 in the lambda(max) values of the L-sensitive photopigments (514-545 nm).

38 retinal that is generated after cone and rod photopigments absorb photons of light is recycled back t

39 otopigment gene sites responsible for tuning photopigment absorption spectra revealed differences tha

40 cone noise was not dominated by spontaneous photopigment activation or by quantal fluctuations in ph

41 receptor current, a linear manifestation of photopigment activation, indicated large expression of O

42 Within 48 h, there was formation of rod photopigment and dramatic improvement in rod physiology,

43 ough to bleach a significant fraction of the photopigment and is restricted to the part of the outer

44 ty of pigment distributions: central peak of photopigment and macular pigment, small foveal alteratio

45 erified the function of gene products in the photopigment and opsin biosynthetic pathways.

46 ite conformations in the AppA (activation of photopigment and puc expression) BLUF domain before and

47 l of Leber congenital amaurosis, have no rod photopigment and severely impaired rod physiology.

48 distinct genes encoding 10 classical visual photopigments and 32 nonvisual opsins, including 10 nove

49 sin, defines a new gene family of vertebrate photopigments and is expressed in a majority of parapine

50 In many cases the photopigments and photopigment gene arrangements underly

51 th with restored regulated synthesis of both photopigments and ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxyg

52 ate intensity (bleaching 0.3-3% of the total photopigment) and duration (between 5 and 90 s) were rec

53 ous measurements of the regeneration of cone photopigment, and it seems highly probable that the redu

54 retinal ganglion cells use melanopsin as the photopigment, and mediate non-image-forming visual funct

55 9-cis-retinal generated isorhodopsin, a rod photopigment, and restored light sensitivity to the elec

56 light-attenuating macular pigment (MP), cone photopigment, and retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) pigme

57 eptors mediate vision in bright light, their photopigments are bleached at a rapid rate and require s

58 ven alterations in the complement of retinal photopigments are fundamental steps in the evolution of

59 In rodents, cones expressing different opsin photopigments are sensitive to middle (M, 'green') and s

60 centration suggest that the blue and near-UV photopigments are tautomeric forms of RGR, in which an a

61 provide the basis for functionally distinct photopigments arising from a single gene.

62 prise a novel pathway that regenerates opsin photopigments at a rate 20-fold faster than the known vi

63 flashes, thereby quantifying the fraction of photopigment available at the time of delivery of each f

64 is an aerobic repressor of genes involved in photopigment biosynthesis and puc operon expression.

65 er of genes which encode enzymes involved in photopigment biosynthesis and the puc operon.

66 Disruption of aerR resulted in increased photopigment biosynthesis during aerobic growth to a lev

67 ynthetic complexes as well as genes encoding photopigment biosynthesis enzymes.

68 complexes, and to indirectly upregulate the photopigment biosynthesis genes bch and crt.

69 ogous expression of six genes, five encoding photopigment biosynthetic proteins and one encoding a PR

70 To recover photopigment bleached by unavoidable light exposure, the

71 Photopigment bleaching occurred during the first 1.5 sec

72 ostress is caused by excessive local retinal photopigment bleaching uncommon in ordinary situations.

73 nsitive and utilize an opsin/vitamin A-based photopigment called melanopsin maximally sensitive in th

74 direct demonstration that melanopsin forms a photopigment capable of activating a G-protein, but its

75 explained by absorptions in four, not three, photopigment classes.

76 an photoreceptors with a retinal-based OPN4X photopigment conferring intrinsic photosensitivity.

77 the potential deleterious effects related to photopigments consumption by Spectralis optical coherenc

78 different light regimes, and an analysis of photopigment content and photosynthetic rates along bori

79 ayed a pleiotropic phenotype with defects in photopigment content, photoautotrophic growth and carbon

80 uch conditions, melanopsin acts as a sensory photopigment, coupled to a native ion channel via a G-pr

81 tina also expresses the potential blue light photopigments cryptochromes 1 and 2.

82 a large neural adjustment to their inherited photopigment defect.

83 The difference in cone photopigment density in the fovea was mapped for the lon

84 To compare alterations in cone photopigment distribution to those of macular pigment an

85 tions in the regularity of their foveal cone photopigment distribution.

86 opsins demonstrate that they form functional photopigments, each with unique chromophore-binding and

87 To make this photopigment excitable again,all-trans-retinal must be r

88 Melanopsin photopigment expressed in intrinsically photosensitive r

89 apparent in early chordates; the decrease in photopigment expression-and loss of the anatomical corre

90 9-cis retinal did not add absorbance to the photopigment extracts of dark-adapted retinas at any age

91 However, melanopsin, the primary photopigment for the circadian system, is most sensitive

92 Cones that express opsin photopigments for response to both short (S) and medium-

93 on and in most mammals express M and S opsin photopigments for sensitivity to medium-long and short l

94 ryptochromes have been proposed as candidate photopigments for this system.

95 o be distinct from that of rod and cone cell photopigments for vision.

96 The distinct absorbance spectra of the cone photopigments form the basis of color vision, but ultras

97 taloging the spectral properties of the cone photopigments found in retinas of a number of primate sp

98 More than 100 photopigment G protein-coupled receptors (opsins) have b

99 In many cases the photopigments and photopigment gene arrangements underlying these patterns

100 ether with FnrL and PrrA stringently control photopigment gene expression.

101 The expression of the human L photopigment gene in both classes of cone of the mouse r

102 ion in which the expression of a mutant cone photopigment gene leads to the loss of the entire corres

103 An examination of specific photopigment gene sites responsible for tuning photopigm

104 omparison of the sequence of the dolphin rod photopigment gene with that of the bovine rod suggests t

105 dolphin long-wavelength sensitive (LWS) cone photopigment gene with those of the human LWS cones sugg

106 evolved after changes in X chromosome-linked photopigment genes.

107 Photopigments governing circadian photoreception have be

108 IF responses can all be mediated by a single photopigment has remained a mystery.

109 e whether melanopsin is a functional sensory photopigment, here we transiently expressed it in HEK293

110 ichromatic image showing the distribution of photopigment if the retina could be viewed directly in w

111 Transient arrestin binding to the photopigment in cones may be responsible for the extreme

112 a primary role for a novel short-wavelength photopigment in light-induced melatonin suppression and

113 light bleaches a significant fraction of the photopigment in rods and cones and produces a prolonged

114 n at about embryonic day 16 and requires the photopigment in the fetus and not the mother.

115 d a human long-wavelength-sensitive (L) cone photopigment in the form of an X-linked polymorphism.

116 findings suggest that there is a novel opsin photopigment in the human eye that mediates circadian ph

117 The photopigment in the human eye that transduces light for

118 ing that cryptochrome does not function as a photopigment in the inner retina.

119 s have demonstrated that melanopsin is a key photopigment in the mammalian circadian system.

120 ectance affect the light that passes through photopigment in the receptors rather than the stray ligh

121 Melanopsin is the signaling photopigment in these cells.

122 s approach identified the full complement of photopigments in a highly light-sensitive model vertebra

123 uggest decreased optical density of the cone photopigments in the early postoperative period.

124 The localization of different photopigments in the pineal complex suggests that two pa

125 se properties reflect the use of specialized photopigments in the primary process of magnetoreception

126 gment, suggesting the expression of multiple photopigments in the salamander ipRGC.

127 evealed a remarkable number and diversity of photopigments in zebrafish, the largest number so far di

128 ggest that single site mutations can convert photopigments into visual light sensors or nonvisual sen

129 termine whether a gene encoding a human cone photopigment introduced into the mouse genome would be e

130 After the photopigment is bleached, a second set of three images i

131 vity of vision, which recovers slowly as the photopigment is regenerated.

132 The data also suggest that this new photopigment is retinaldehyde based.

133 rements, for which the bleaching of the cone photopigment is too small to affect flash kinetics, the

134 Melanopsin (Opn4), an opsin-based photopigment, is a primary candidate for photoreceptor-m

135 the middle- (M) wavelength-sensitive visual photopigments, is the most common single locus genetic d

136 as dominated by elementary events other than photopigment isomerizations.

137 Mapping of these L photopigment lambda(max) values onto a phylogeny reveale

138 and (4) detects light via an opsin:vitamin A photopigment (lambda(max) approximately 483 nm).

139 within Lepidoptera of convergently evolved L photopigment lineages whose lambda(max) values were blue

140 igh-frequency alleles at the single X-linked photopigment locus, and that the spectral sensitivity pe

141 ost New World monkeys have only one X-linked photopigment locus, many species have three polymorphic

142 he results suggest that, in humans, a single photopigment may be primarily responsible for melatonin

143 that the spectral sensitivity of horse cone photopigments, measured as cone excitation ratios, was c

144 uble-knockout mice lacking the inner-retinal photopigment melanopsin (OPN4) and RPE65, a key protein

145 ipRGCs express the nonvisual photopigment melanopsin (OPN4), encoded by two genes: th

146 tinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) expressing the photopigment melanopsin (OPN4), together with rods and c

147 inal ganglion cells (pRGCs) that utilize the photopigment melanopsin (OPN4).

148 mammalian retinal ganglion cells express the photopigment melanopsin and are intrinsically photosensi

149 on cells in the mammalian retina express the photopigment melanopsin and are intrinsically photosensi

150 on cells in the mammalian retina express the photopigment melanopsin and are intrinsically photosensi

151 These ganglion cells express the putative photopigment melanopsin and by signalling gross changes

152 retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) contain the photopigment melanopsin and drive subconscious physiolog

153 tion of retinal ganglion cells expresses the photopigment melanopsin and function as autonomous photo

154 an retinal ganglion cell (RGC) expresses the photopigment melanopsin and is a photoreceptor.

155 retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) expresses the photopigment melanopsin and is intrinsically photosensit

156 tinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), which use the photopigment melanopsin and mediate nonimage-forming vis

157 retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) express the photopigment melanopsin and mediate several non-image-fo

158 retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) express the photopigment melanopsin and regulate a wide array of lig

159 tinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) expressing the photopigment melanopsin and the neuropeptide pituitary a

160 tinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) expressing the photopigment melanopsin belong to a heterogenic populati

161 The photopigment melanopsin confers photosensitivity upon a

162 The photopigment melanopsin has recently been identified in

163 The photopigment melanopsin supports reflexive visual functi

164 how retinal ganglion cells that express the photopigment melanopsin, also known as OPN4, contribute

165 nal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) that express the photopigment melanopsin, but also receive input from rod

166 Using the photopigment melanopsin, intrinsically photosensitive re

167 l subset of retinal output cells express the photopigment melanopsin, rendering them intrinsically li

168 retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) expresses the photopigment melanopsin, rendering these cells intrinsic

169 retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), which use the photopigment melanopsin.

170 ese novel retinal photoreceptors express the photopigment melanopsin.

171 l ganglion cells (ipRGCs), which express the photopigment melanopsin.

172 retinal ganglion cells express the putative photopigment melanopsin.

173 s (RGCs) that project to the SCN express the photopigment melanopsin.

174 eceptors and ganglion cells that contain the photopigment melanopsin.

175 oreception system that heavily relies on the photopigment melanopsin.

176 f photoreceptor-based input, mediated by the photopigment melanopsin.

177 and this effect was abolished by loss of the photopigment melanopsin.

178 inal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), expressing the photopigment melanopsin.

179 In bright light, mammals use a distinct photopigment (melanopsin) to measure irradiance for cent

180 The presence of a photopigment (melanopsin) within certain retinal ganglio

181 We sought to determine how a newly added photopigment might impact vision by studying a transgeni

182 In darkness, each photopigment molecule in ipRGCs, as well as rod/cone pho

183 l differentiation preceded the expression of photopigment molecules.

184 elanopsin resembles invertebrate rhabdomeric photopigments more than vertebrate ciliary pigments and

185 They use a unique photopigment, most probably melanopsin.

186 After photic activation, photopigments must be reverted to their dark state to be

187 which the mouse OPN4 replaced the native Rh1 photopigment of Drosophila R1-6 photoreceptors, resultin

188 ctional sensory photopigment, that it is the photopigment of ganglion-cell photoreceptors, and that t

189 Melanopsin is the photopigment of intrinsically photosensitive retinal gan

190 Melanopsin is the photopigment of mammalian intrinsically photosensitive r

191 Melanopsin, the photopigment of the "circadian" receptors that regulate

192 Melanopsin has been proposed to be the photopigment of the intrinsically photosensitive retinal

193 ged as the leading candidate for the elusive photopigment of the mammalian circadian system.

194 d compelling evidence that melanopsin is the photopigment of the pRGCs.

195 id sites are under positive selection in the photopigments of both butterflies and primates, spanning

196 lts have established that mice have two cone photopigments, one peaking near 350 nm (UV-cone pigment)

197 t with peak sensitivity around 479 nm (opsin photopigment/OP479).

198 propose that mammals have a vitamin A-based photopigment (opsin) for vision and a vitamin B2-based p

199 from the combination of red, green, and blue photopigment opsins.

200 ponses, the question arises whether a single photopigment or a greater diversity of proteins within t

201 erations in the distributions of foveal cone photopigment or macular pigment were found that varied a

202 ad distribution with missing central peak of photopigment or macular pigment.

203 trometric analysis of subnanomolar levels of photopigments or other integral membrane proteins either

204 nall nomograms generated for rhodopsin-based photopigments over the lambda(max) range 420-480 nm show

205 New World monkeys that show sex-linked cone photopigment polymorphism, whereby all males and some fe

206 asure of the product of the fraction of cone photopigment present, and the amplification constant of

207 ationship between cone opsin genes and their photopigment products.

208 Photopigment protein was localized in retinal cross sect

209 etinal significantly increases the amount of photopigment recovered without reducing the variance in

210 thout reducing the variance in the amount of photopigment recovered.

211 recovery time and the time constant of cone photopigment regeneration among the patients was quantif

212 For rods and to some extent cones, photopigment regeneration depends on the retinoid cycle

213 omophore and in understanding the process of photopigment regeneration in photoreceptors that are not

214 s also measured their time constants of cone photopigment regeneration with a video imaging fundus re

215 Melanopsin, a photopigment related to the rhodopsin of microvillar pho

216 rppA (regulator of photosynthesis- and photopigment-related gene expression) and rppB exhibit s

217 t RppA is a regulator of photosynthesis- and photopigment-related gene expression, is involved in the

218 stem II (PSII) and PSI genes, in addition to photopigment-related genes.

219 Changes in retinal photopigments represent a fundamental step in the evolut

220 In Old World primates the three photopigments required for routine trichromatic colour v

221 The total photopigment (retinal plus pigment epithelial fractions)

222 We show that the visual photopigment rhodopsin [11] is expressed in HEMs and con

223 Deactivation of the vertebrate photopigment rhodopsin is achieved through a two-step pr

224 Mislocalization of the photopigment rhodopsin may be involved in the pathology

225 al processes, including the formation of the photopigment rhodopsin.

226 h is a million-fold less stable than the rod photopigment rhodopsin.

227 The retinal photopigment(s) transducing these light responses in hum

228 ed than would be expected for a single opsin photopigment, suggesting the expression of multiple phot

229 blue cones and mediated ester hydrolysis for photopigment synthesis in vitro.

230 The aerobic repressor of photopigment synthesis, CrtJ, seems to contain a redox r

231 Action spectra implicated an opsin-based photopigment system, but further identification based on

232 Melanopsin is the photopigment that confers light sensitivity on intrinsic

233 These cells express melanopsin, a photopigment that confers this photosensitivity.

234 s melanopsin (Opn4), a putative opsin-family photopigment that has been shown to play a role in media

235 xtremely rapid regeneration and reuse of the photopigment that is essential for cone function at high

236 Melanopsin (OPN4) is a retinal photopigment that mediates a wide range of non-image-for

237 adian rhythms are generated, but the retinal photopigment that mediates circadian entrainment has rem

238 part of the spectrum is reduced because the photopigments that mediate discrimination in this range

239 the degree of similarity among the residual photopigments that serve vision in the color-anomalous e

240 mammalian melanopsin is a functional sensory photopigment, that it is the photopigment of ganglion-ce

241 ight bleaching a significant fraction of the photopigment, the circulating current was initially supp

242 the changes caused by the presence of novel photopigments, this study was designed to determine whet

243 lor afterimages range from bleaching of cone photopigments to cortical adaptation [4-9], but direct n

244 t may also regulate phototransduction and/or photopigment trafficking in cone photoreceptors.

245 The human L photopigment transduces light efficiently in mouse cones

246 -wave data were fitted with a model based on photopigment transduction to obtain values for log Rmax

247 -wave data were fitted with a model based on photopigment transduction to obtain values for the param

248 e and after bleaching at each wavelength are photopigment transmittance maps of the retina.

249 ntial for the efficient regeneration of cone photopigments under bright-light conditions.

250 t, published action spectra suggest that the photopigment underlying the intrinsic light sensitivity

251 ctance of different cones, even when all the photopigment was bleached.

252 Photopigment was extracted from the retinas of paired ey

253 er stage of the transduction cascade, as the photopigment was relatively stable.

254 Light transduction of the cone photopigments was assessed by flicker photometric electr

255 ed that large quantities of a blue absorbing photopigment were expressed, having a dark stable blue i

256 for the human long wavelength-sensitive (L) photopigment were generated by microinjection of fertili

257 The vertebrate ancient (VA) opsin photopigments were isolated in 1997 but were thought to

258 nes arose from spontaneous activation of the photopigment, which is a million-fold less stable than t

259 t to exist since the rhodopsins are bistable photopigments, which consist of a chromophore that norma

260 tion signatures of diatom and cyanobacterial photopigments, which were confirmed by HPLC-analysis.

261 A photopigment with a spectral sensitivity profile quite d

262 light response and suggest the presence of a photopigment with multiple absorption states.

263 is driven by a single opsin/vitamin A-based photopigment with peak sensitivity around 479 nm (opsin

264 t even if melanopsin functions as a bistable photopigment with photo-regenerative activity native mel

265 to replace the 11-cis retinal chromophore in photopigments with 11-cis 3,4-didehydroretinal.

266 tinal and formed two long-lived pH-dependent photopigments with absorption maxima of 469 +/- 2.4 and

267 ddle- (M) and long-wavelength- (L) sensitive photopigments with overlapping absorbance spectrum maxim

268 also a RPE-independent visual cycle for cone photopigment within the neurosensory retina may contribu