ライフサイエンスコーパス: pineal

1 circadian and light phase information to the pineal.

2 ing clock input to clock function within the pineal.

3 and ultimately melatonin production, in the pineal.

4 in regulating gene transcription within the pineal.

5 the sensory and circadian systems within the pineal.

6 y play a role in circadian regulation of the pineal.

7 the nocturnal production of melatonin in the pineal.

8 poxic depression of fetal breathing, and the pineal.

9 nd other photoreceptor-specific genes in the pineal.

10 gulates expression of circadian genes in the pineal.

11 a parapineal organ forms to the left of the pineal.

12 Daily pineal 5-HT output is triphasic: (i) 5-HT levels are con

13 s, we have characterized in vivo dynamics of pineal 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; serotonin) release.

14 These properties make the in vitro pineal a particularly useful model for exploring circadi

15 Pineal AANAT activity increases at night in all vertebra

16 ting cues to produce the circadian rhythm of pineal activity.

17 lso project aberrantly into the epithalamus, pineal and across the dorsal midline.

18 o exist in two isoforms-TPH1 is found in the pineal and gut, and TPH2 is selectively expressed in bra

19 sts, agrp2, is specifically expressed in the pineal and is required for up-regulation of hypothalamic

20 It includes the pineal and parapineal organs and the habenular nuclei.

21 The pineal and pituitary glands both expressed rhythms that

22 55% of the clones from the thymus, adrenal, pineal and pituitary libraries, respectively, represente

23 eased the presence of axonal proteins in the pineal and reduced the density and thickness of sympathe

24 anscriptional relationship between the avian pineal and retina in addition to providing previously un

25 nt comparative transcriptome analysis of the pineal and retinal oscillators distinguished several tra

26 The parapineal lies to the left of the pineal and the left habenula is larger, has expanded den

27 4.2%), and 0.7% (95% CI: 0.3%-1.2%) for any, pineal, and nonpineal trilateral retinoblastoma, respect

28 ion of light by the vertebrate hypothalamus, pineal, and retina is known to govern seasonal and circa

29 reatment for lesions of the cavernous sinus, pineal, and sellar regions and offers increasing applica

30 set of genes including the upregulation of a pineal- and retina-specific transcription factor, CRX.

31 genes are expressed in the left side of the pineal anlage.

32 marker genes in the forebrain, midbrain, and pineal are expressed in normal temporal, spatial, and ci

33 NE is known to markedly elevate pineal cAMP, and here it was found that cAMP agonists el

34 ogy to obtain a more complete description of pineal cell biology.

35 ure of the [(125)I]ZM 241385 binding site in pineal cell membranes generalized to the site characteri

36 Chick pineal cells in culture display a circadian rhythm of me

37 tifiable gap junctions between the different pineal cells, used antibodies and cDNA probes to screen

38 e endogenous beta4alpha3alpha5 subunits, and pineal cells, which express the endogenous beta4alpha3 c

39 ighly expressed in retinal photoreceptor and pineal cells, yet whose physiological role remains elusi

40 ffective in blocking melatonin production in pineal cells.

41 ssary or sufficient for entrainment in chick pineal cells.

42 ms based on superfusion of rat pituitary and pineal cells.

43 omeobox (otx) family, is thought to regulate pineal circadian activity.

44 Further, we hypothesize that the pineal circadian transcriptome is reduced but functional

45 eprivation in the superior cervical ganglion-pineal circuit of adult rats, which can be noninvasively

46 candidate molecular components of the avian pineal clock, and herein we employ high density cDNA mic

47 The zebrafish epithalamus, consisting of the pineal complex and flanking dorsal habenular nuclei, pro

48 pineal cells arise from the medially located pineal complex anlage and migrate to the left side of th

49 e of Fgf8a a subset of cells in the anterior pineal complex anlage differentiate as cone photorecepto

50 organ migrate as a cluster of cells from the pineal complex anlage to the left side of the brain.

51 odes a transcription factor expressed in the pineal complex anlage.

52 neal neurons) that are derived from a single pineal complex anlage.

53 that cell specification and migration in the pineal complex are regulated by a network of at least th

54 The zebrafish pineal complex consists of four cell types (rod and cone

55 The pineal complex consists of the midline pineal organ and

56 The pineal complex consists of the pineal organ anlage and a

57 Formation of an asymmetric pineal complex differentially influences adjacent dience

58 Tbx2b is a transcription factor required for pineal complex formation.

59 orescence activated cell sorted (FAC sorted) pineal complex neurons in wild-type and tbx2b knockdown

60 n of both exorhodopsin and melanopsin in the pineal complex of halibut larvae.

61 eptor development are still expressed in the pineal complex of med12 mutants, FGF signaling is impair

62 fby was identified by a pineal complex phenotype, and carries a nonsense mutatio

63 We conclude that this subset of anterior pineal complex precursors, which normally become parapin

64 f8a regulates a fate decision among anterior pineal complex progenitors that occurs just prior to the

65 calization of different photopigments in the pineal complex suggests that two parallel photoreceptor

66 grate unilaterally away from the rest of the pineal complex whereas rods, cones and projection neuron

67 ish diencephalon, which lie bilateral to the pineal complex, exhibit left-right differences in their

68 By studying the zebrafish pineal complex, which exhibits notable asymmetries, both

69 l habenulae, the brain nuclei that flank the pineal complex.

70 t show circadian expression in the zebrafish pineal complex.

71 hemoreduction vs nonchemoreduction) revealed pineal cyst (20/252 vs 14/156, P = .7) and pineoblastoma

72 The pineal cyst (n = 34) (mean diameter 4 mm) was asymptomat

73 val from date of retinoblastoma detection to pineal cyst was 2 months (median 2, range 0-8 months) an

74 Characteristics of patients with pineal cysts and pineoblastoma were reviewed.

75 floating head, a mutant with defective pineal development, exhibits defective up-regulation of

76 nated pineal function and markedly decreased pineal expression of neurotrophins.

77 Pineal FcepsilonRIalpha and FcepsilonRIgamma may represe

78 Pineal FcepsilonRIalpha protein also increased markedly

79 Our studies indicate that pineal Fcer1a mRNA levels are controlled by a well descr

80 rated that sympathetic inactivity eliminated pineal function and markedly decreased pineal expression

81 In mammals, pineal function is influenced by retinal photoreceptors

82 Pineal function is phased to the light-dark cycle by ret

83 it could contribute to circadian changes in pineal function through this mechanism.

84 These data suggest that the failure of pineal function to recover is not attributable to a quan

85 well described neural pathway that controls pineal function.

86 irecting a normal NAT rhythm and thus normal pineal function.

87 t progress has been made in the treatment of pineal GCTs with treatment strategies using a combinatio

88 ed inactivation of Crx causes a reduction in pineal gene expression and attenuated entrainment to lig

89 Comparison of the pineal gene expression profile with that in other tissue

90 gulating the expression of photoreceptor and pineal genes.

91 ermal tumor (n = 6), ependymoma (n = 3), and pineal germinoma (n = 1).

92 o be related to the regulation of the nearby pineal gland (which Rene Descartes described as the "pri

93 d to one of three photosensitive organs (the pineal gland and both eyes) can protect the eyes from th

94 thm of plasma melatonin originating from the pineal gland and driven by the circadian pacemaker locat

95 in distal intracranial SCG targets, such as pineal gland and extracerebral blood vessels (bv).

96 Unlike pineal gland and extracerebral bv, the external carotid

97 n of pgPepT1 appears to be restricted to the pineal gland and follows a marked circadian pattern with

98 dorsal structures, including the developing pineal gland and habenular nucleus, both implicated in C

99 at TPH1 is the predominant form expressed in pineal gland and in P815 mastocytoma cells with a molecu

100 e of two putative photoisomerases within the pineal gland and in retinal layers associated with biolo

101 -binding proteoglycan that is present in the pineal gland and interphotoreceptor matrix of the retina

102 VT-AANAT contributed to the evolution of the pineal gland and lateral eyes from a common ancestral ph

103 ression was detected in the hypothalamus and pineal gland and reiterates Bsx expression.

104 The mRNA for both genes within the pineal gland and retina is regulated on a circadian basi

105 AT), which is predominantly expressed in the pineal gland and retina.

106 es were predominantly distributed within the pineal gland and retina: the retinal pigmented epitheliu

107 In birds, the pineal gland and retinae have been defined as pacemakers

108 crease in beta4 and alpha3 expression in the pineal gland and SCG.

109 concentrations of paraquat were seen in the pineal gland and the lateral ventricles.

110 daily changes in melatonin production by the pineal gland and thereby plays a unique role in biologic

111 rom several experiments performed on the rat pineal gland and Toxoplasma gondii, successfully detecti

112 Surgery reliably reset the phase of the pineal gland and vascular organ of the lamina terminalis

113 sustained circadian oscillators, whereas the pineal gland and VOLT are weak oscillators that require

114 of nicotinic drugs for binding sites in the pineal gland are similar to those at alpha3beta4 nAChRs

115 that virtually all of the nAChRs in the rat pineal gland are the alpha3beta4 nAChR subtype and that

116 r cells at embryonic day 16 (E16) and in the pineal gland at E21.

117 athetic neurotransmitter that stimulates the pineal gland at night.

118 increases in acetylation of serotonin in the pineal gland by arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANA

119 or matrix by Postnatal day 5 (P5) and in the pineal gland by P6.

120 Although 12L/12D covering of the pineal gland can protect chick eyes from CL's effects (c

121 e the alpha3beta4 nAChR subtype and that the pineal gland can therefore serve as an excellent and con

122 that is mostly expressed in hypothalamic and pineal gland cells.

123 e the existence of a functional HCRT neurons-pineal gland circuit able to modulate melatonin producti

124 in DNA from retinal photoreceptor cells and pineal gland compared to DNA from other tissues.

125 Binding studies in human and rat brain and pineal gland confirmed the selectivity of AT-1001 for al

126 Ribbon synapses of the ear, eye and pineal gland contain a unique protein component: Ribeye.

127 The rat pineal gland contains a high density of neuronal nicotin

128 lkylamine N-acetyltransferase, AANAT) in the pineal gland control the rhythmic production of the time

129 Overall, 34 patients (8%) manifested pineal gland cyst and 4 (1%) showed pineoblastoma.

130 Pineal gland cyst was incidentally detected in 8% of ret

131 on and protein appearance during retinal and pineal gland development in the rat.

132 of the anterior chamber, and hyperopia), the pineal gland does not appear to be necessary for normal

133 melatonin synthesis, is reduced in hcrtr-/- pineal gland during the night.

134 The chick retina and pineal gland exhibit circadian oscillations in biochemic

135 nce of AA-NAT protein in both the retina and pineal gland exhibited a daily rhythm that was statistic

136 cetyltransferase, AANAT) mRNA in the chicken pineal gland exhibits a circadian rhythm, which is trans

137 ur understanding of the 24-h dynamics of the pineal gland from one focused on melatonin synthesis to

138 octurnal melatonin signal generated from the pineal gland has been co-opted to provide the photoperio

139 Pineal gland hoods and eye covers worn 12 hours a day si

140 Numerous physiological functions of the pineal gland hormone melatonin are mediated via activati

141 The agrp2 gene was expressed in the pineal gland in a previously uncharacterized subgroup of

142 f serotonergic areas and melatonin-producing pineal gland in rat brains.

143 ), the immediate precursor of melatonin, the pineal gland indole, is regulated in a circadian rhythm.

144 The mammalian pineal gland is a neuroendocrine organ that responds to

145 cadian expression of FcepsilonRIalpha in the pineal gland is driven by this neural circuit via an adr

146 Arg8-vasotocin isolated from the pineal gland of rainbow trout is detected, demonstrating

147 P specifically to rod photoreceptors and the pineal gland of transgenic mice.

148 The pineal gland plays an essential role in vertebrate chron

149 of two key influx nodes at the pituitary and pineal gland recesses, while dynamic MRI permitted the d

150 expressed greater than 8-fold higher in the pineal gland relative to other tissues.

151 vated by 12 weeks, yet TH innervation of the pineal gland remained significantly decreased.

152 n we employ high density cDNA microarrays of pineal gland transcripts to determine oscillating transc

153 y (MCA)], the submandibular gland (SMG), and pineal gland was quantified following injury using an an

154 etic resonance imaging (MRI) features of the pineal gland were evaluated in all patients with retinob

155 The night levels of MAT2A mRNA in the pineal gland were severalfold higher than in other neura

156 3 and miR-96 are also highly enriched in the pineal gland, a distinctive pattern also found in the re

157 ovide evidence for amphioxus homologs of the pineal gland, adenohypophysis, and endocrine pancreas.

158 expectation was examined with respect to the pineal gland, an organ innervated by the two SCGs.

159 mission in adrenal gland, autonomic ganglia, pineal gland, and several nuclei in the central nervous

160 ity of approximately 100 pM to nAChRs in the pineal gland, and the density of these sites is approxim

161 cadian axis, the suprachiasmatic nucleus and pineal gland, but not in other brain areas examined.

162 In the pineal gland, GLAST is expressed by astrocytic cells nea

163 In the pineal gland, gRgr message was sparsely distributed amon

164 s containing synaptic ribbons, including the pineal gland, inner ear, and retina.

165 elatonin, the chief secretory product of the pineal gland, is a direct free radical scavenger, an ind

166 and protein expression were detected in the pineal gland, medial mammillary nucleus, median eminence

167 ated by focusing on the main function of the pineal gland, melatonin synthesis.

168 transfected neuronal cells and in rat brain pineal gland, nucleus accumbens, and globus pallidus.

169 gths of light but does not require the eyes, pineal gland, or other canonical deep-brain photorecepti

170 hythmic nocturnal melatonin signals from the pineal gland, providing a critical cue to time seasonal

171 ealed mRNA expression for both opsins in the pineal gland, retina, and brain tissue.

172 Among its oscillators are the pineal gland, retinae, and a hypothalamic structure assu

173 ine and murine tissues (whole brain, retina, pineal gland, superior colliculus, cortex, thymus, haben

174 gene product has been identified in the rat pineal gland, termed pgPepT1.

175 T neuroanatomy, including projections to the pineal gland, where hcrtr mRNA is expressed.

176 to continuous stimulation in contrast to the pineal gland, which (being insulated from the external e

177 The chicken pineal gland, which contains a heterogeneous cell popula

178 12 lncRNAs (0.3 to >50 kb) occurs in the rat pineal gland, which is the source of melatonin, the horm

179 xpressed in a rhythmic manner in the chicken pineal gland, with peak levels at early subjective night

180 During development, the abundance of most pineal gland-enriched miRNAs increases; however, there i

181 A retina- and pineal gland-specific transcription factor, cone-rod hom

182 the pattern of melatonin secretion from the pineal gland.

183 iencephalic tract in Alligator which lacks a pineal gland.

184 alocyte, the melatonin-secreting cell of the pineal gland.

185 Ribeye b is absent in the pineal gland.

186 e retina and a subset of pinealocytes in the pineal gland.

187 ates photoneural-circadian regulation of the pineal gland.

188 se (MAT), increases 2.5-fold at night in the pineal gland.

189 candidate opsinlike genes in the retina and pineal gland.

190 of the retina and in the pinealocytes of the pineal gland.

191 of the retina and in the pinealocytes of the pineal gland.

192 zebrafish crx is expressed in the retina and pineal gland.

193 ein is detectable in both the retina and the pineal gland.

194 , is expressed selectively in the retina and pineal gland.

195 hotoreceptor system for regulating the human pineal gland.

196 nates is comparable to that of the night rat pineal gland.

197 GC in photoreceptors, was not present in the pineal gland.

198 presence of ROS-GC2 was not detected in the pineal gland.

199 k, and MOP4) are co-expressed in the chicken pineal gland.

200 r by reducing production of melatonin by the pineal gland.

201 role in regulating circadian rhythm in chick pineal gland.

202 nt shark) were cloned, and it was found that pineal glands and retinas from these groups express a fo

203 reover, HCRT perfusion of cultured zebrafish pineal glands induces melatonin release.

204 Pineal glands removed from neonatal rats at 5, 7, and 9

205 Half of the chicks in each group had their pineal glands surgically removed at 3 to 6 days after ha

206 OST2) is predominantly restricted to daytime pineal glands.

207 ERalpha expression in the pineal, gonad, and pituitary axis may function to time s

208 In lower vertebrates, the pineal has an endogenous circadian clock as well as phot

209 rosis, one with cortical dysplasia, one with pineal hemorrhage and one with a brain tumor.

210 Melatonin, a pineal hormone and a potent free radical scavenger with

211 ogic and pharmacologic concentrations of the pineal hormone melatonin have shown chemopreventive, onc

212 The sleep-promoting effect of the pineal hormone melatonin in humans is known for decades.

213 In mammals, the pineal hormone melatonin relays photoperiodic informatio

214 Interestingly, the loss of the pineal hormone melatonin, a known regulator of circadian

215 d, encoded by the nocturnal secretion of the pineal hormone melatonin, as a critical cue to drive hor

216 The pineal hormone melatonin, secreted nocturnally, sets the

217 operiodic responses in mammals depend on the pineal hormone melatonin.

218 ends on transplacental communication via the pineal hormone melatonin.

219 Melatonin, a pineal hormone, modifies numerous physiologic processes

220 melatonin, a suprachiasmatic nucleus-driven pineal hormone.

221 the first time that light induces changes in pineal HS fine structure and that occurrence of the rare

222 s in the circadian pacemaker system (retina, pineal, hypothalamus) as well as in the peripheral (live

223 These studies identify a role for the pineal in background adaptation in teleosts, a unique ph

224 tro, and supports an endogenous role for the pineal in regulating local rhythms in metabolism, immune

225 Furthermore, although pineals in culture were shown to be photosensitive, nigh

226 Comparative analysis of WNDP, the WNDP pineal isoform, and WNDP C-terminal truncation mutants r

227 of p53 in murine premalignant proliferating pineal lesions resulted in cellular senescence, while p5

228 on was determined in vivo as well as ex vivo pineal light/dark sensitivity.

229 Therefore, the NE-cAMP dependent increase in pineal MAT activity seems to reflect an increase in MAT

230 In this study, we found that pineal MAT2A mRNA and the protein it encodes, MAT II, al

231 y beta-adrenergic agonists that activate the pineal melatonin formation and is induced by beta-adrene

232 mosome 11, are significantly associated with pineal melatonin levels.

233 C57BL/6J do not produce detectable levels of pineal melatonin owing to deficits in enzymatic activity

234 postulated to result from the suppression of pineal melatonin production by exposure to light at nigh

235 in the SCN attenuates the effect of light on pineal melatonin production, as well as on circadian pha

236 well described neural pathway that controls pineal melatonin production.

237 ion of the circadian axis and suppression of pineal melatonin production.

238 s also alters photic regulation of nocturnal pineal melatonin production.

239 Pineal melatonin release exhibits a circadian rhythm wit

240 hanging annual day-length cycles to regulate pineal melatonin secretion and thereby drive many physio

241 at may contribute to the circadian rhythm of pineal melatonin secretion.

242 ircadian photoentrainment and suppression of pineal melatonin secretion.

243 or) is linked to the circadian regulation of pineal melatonin synthesis, although little is known abo

244 rainment, pupil constriction, suppression of pineal melatonin synthesis, and direct photic regulation

245 nses, such as behavioral responses to light, pineal melatonin synthesis, pupillary light reflex, and

246 asking of locomotor activity, suppression of pineal melatonin, or the pupillary light reflex.

247 srupt a non-behavioral rhythm, the rhythm in pineal melatonin.

248 rcadian rhythms and the acute suppression of pineal melatonin.

249 Pineal miRNAs do not exhibit a marked night/day differen

250 In this study, rat pineal miRNAs were profiled for the first time, and thei

251 rized the modulatory effects of melatonin, a pineal neurohormone that mediates circadian and seasonal

252 Melatonin, a pineal neurohormone, mediates circadian and seasonal pro

253 rons and causes a loss of differentiation in pineal neurons and photoreceptors.

254 denosine A(2A) receptors in the thalamus and pineal of sheep brain.

255 s of forced expression of 3OST2 in the night pineals on N-acetyltransferase gene expression and melat

256 and otx5 orthologs are expressed in both the pineal organ and the asymmetrically positioned parapinea

257 The pineal complex consists of the midline pineal organ and the left-sided parapineal organ.

258 The pineal complex consists of the pineal organ anlage and an unpaired, left-sided accessor

259 In lower vertebrates, the pineal organ contains photoreceptors whose activity entr

260 The vertebrate pineal organ has a conserved role in circadian regulatio

261 amygdala homologs of the dorsal pallium, the pineal organ, the inner ear, the pituitary, and the ovar

262 Central to this process is the pineal organ, which has a conserved role in the cyclical

263 circadian rhythmicity and photoperiod to the pineal organ.

264 orresponding to the presumptive epiphysis or pineal organ.

265 dorsal surface of the brain adjacent to the pineal organ.

266 hr advance or delay in the light cycle, the pineal, paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, and

267 Optimal grading and treatment of pineal parenchymal tumours of intermediate differentiati

268 rotein Exo-rhodopsin (Exorh) is expressed in pineal photoreceptors and is a candidate to mediate the

269 when devoid of input from classical eye and pineal photoreceptors.

270 We hypothesize that a mechanism to suppress pineal photosensitivity by using NE released from sympat

271 As pineal-produced melatonin is a major sleep-inducing horm

272 e was 12 years, and 76% were male; 53.9% had pineal region masses, and 23.5% had suprasellar lesions.

273 However, when a pineal region tumor was discovered and treated with chem

274 After careful review of more than 500 pineal region tumours treated in our centre, 27 patients

275 oses of 36.0 and 59.4 Gy to the neuraxis and pineal region, respectively.

276 About half of the tumours are located in the pineal region.

277 ut is even higher for tumours located in the pineal region.

278 rodless and coneless mice show circadian and pineal responses to light, suggest that multiple non-ima

279 ediate the effects of environmental light on pineal rhythms and melatonin synthesis.

280 The activity of pineal serotonin N-acetyltransferase (NAT) exhibits a la

281 4, 95% CI = 1.011-19.608, p = 0.048), lesser pineal shift on follow-up CT (OR = 1.316, 95% CI = 1.073

282 p = 0.009), and reduction or no increase in pineal shift on follow-up CT (OR = 11.628, 95% CI = 2.20

283 in is a transactivator of many photoreceptor/pineal-specific genes in vivo, such as rhodopsin and the

284 oform is expressed at high levels in the rat pineal specifically during the daylight hours.

285 ST is expressed by astrocytic cells near the pineal stalk, whereas GLT-1 is expressed by pinealocytes

286 est 3OST2 may serve a unique function in the pineal that may be independent of melatonin formation.

287 gh density of labeled A(2A) receptors in the pineal, these sites were characterized more fully in hom

288 d from mouse pituitary, adrenal, thymus, and pineal tissue, using a vector-primed cDNA synthesis meth

289 son of the chick retina transcriptome to the pineal transcriptome under constant conditions yields an

290 Here we have analyzed the rodent pineal transcriptome using Affymetrix GeneChip(R) techno

291 dynamic 24-h pattern that characterizes the pineal transcriptome.

292 incidence of 3.5% (95% CI: 1.2%-6.7%) and a pineal trilateral retinoblastoma incidence of 3.2% (95%

293 incidence of 4.1% (95% CI: 1.9%-7.1%) and a pineal trilateral retinoblastoma incidence of 3.7% (95%

294 nce interval [CI]: 3.3%-7.7%); the chance of pineal trilateral retinoblastoma was 4.2% (95% CI: 2.6%-

295 Pineal tumors are rare in children, with pineoblastoma a

296 enescence, while p53 restoration in invasive pineal tumors did not.

297 rent effects in premalignant versus invasive pineal tumors, and that p53 activation needs to be conti

298 The retina, pineal, vascular sac, and pituitary were also targets of

299 seen following unilateral denervation of the pineal, was profoundly impaired in the absence of neural

300 zyme controlling the melatonin rhythm in the pineal, we tested the effects of forced expression of 3O