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1 ial hypertension (PAH) that recapitulate the plexiform and obliterative arteriopathy seen in PAH pati
3 dian manner, in interneurons in the external plexiform and periglomerular layers, whereas VPAC2R is e
5 l layers (nerve fiber, ganglion cells, inner plexiform, and inner nuclear layers) of eyes with previo
7 he retinal nerve fiber, ganglion cell, inner plexiform, and outer plexiform layers and increased thic
8 ciently reaching the inner nuclear and outer plexiform, and to a lesser extent the outer nuclear laye
10 inner plexiform layer (GCL+IPL), RNFL, outer plexiform/inner nuclear layers (OPL+INL), and outer nucl
11 0.25 mum/y) and the ganglion cell (GC)/inner plexiform layer (0.29 mum/y) on optical coherence tomogr
12 lls that terminate in stratum 3 of the inner plexiform layer (DB4) express more Ret-PCP2 than those t
13 including both glomerular layer and external plexiform layer (EPL) computations and incorporating bot
17 f the perifoveal retinal ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) and the peripapillary retinal n
18 e fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) of patients with DOA were evalu
20 AAs (p = 0.047), whereas ganglion cell/inner plexiform layer (GCIP) thickness did not differ by race.
21 nd that of the ganglion cell layer and inner plexiform layer (GCIP, -11.3 mum), whereas the thickness
23 NFL) and macular retinal ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) change over time in healthy and
24 of the macular ganglion cell layer and inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) was -16.42 mum (-19.23 to -13.60
25 n cell complex (GCC) and ganglion cell inner plexiform layer (GCIPL), with the accuracy of RNFL param
27 Thicknesses of the ganglion cell layer/inner plexiform layer (GCL+IPL), RNFL, outer plexiform/inner n
28 layer (GCL) (nasally and temporally), inner plexiform layer (IPL) (nasally), outer nuclear layer (ON
29 with ONHD had a significantly thinner inner plexiform layer (IPL) (P = 0.02), nerve fiber layer (P =
30 es stratify at different levels in the inner plexiform layer (IPL) and can interact with costratifyin
31 apses in the innermost ON layer of the inner plexiform layer (IPL) and from dopaminergic amacrine cel
32 rve fiber layer (NFL), and also in the inner plexiform layer (IPL) and inner nuclear layer (INL).
33 o a discrete synaptic layer called the inner plexiform layer (IPL) and only rarely extend processes i
35 from bipolar and amacrine cells in the inner plexiform layer (IPL) and send information to the brain
37 nal amacrine cells migrate towards the inner plexiform layer (IPL) and then retract their trailing pr
38 branching in the outermost part of the inner plexiform layer (IPL) and weakly melanopsin-positive M2
39 t dACs send processes into the forming inner plexiform layer (IPL) before migrating through it and in
43 ls ramifying between 0% and 30% of the inner plexiform layer (IPL) receive mixed inputs from rods and
45 cific arbor specializations within the inner plexiform layer (IPL) that occur consistently at defined
46 dor columns through synapses in the internal plexiform layer (IPL) to produce an intrabulbar map.
47 scleral half or "Off" sublamina of the inner plexiform layer (IPL) undergo the greatest changes, wher
48 e combined nerve fiber layer (NFL) and inner plexiform layer (IPL) were manually segmented and thickn
49 form functional neural circuits in the inner plexiform layer (IPL), a laminar region that is conventi
51 SAC, found at the outer border of the inner plexiform layer (IPL), forms a synaptic subband "a" with
52 cally branched into sublamina a of the inner plexiform layer (IPL), i.e., the OFF inner plexiform sub
53 on the dendritic stratification in the inner plexiform layer (IPL), those monostratified in the Off s
54 l axon terminals in sublamina-b of the inner plexiform layer (IPL), we investigated the possibility t
55 regation of ON and OFF pathways in the inner plexiform layer (IPL), where glutamate is released from
56 nals in the innermost sublamina of the inner plexiform layer (IPL), which is typical for mammals.
57 ; (4) restricted lamination within the inner plexiform layer (IPL), which renders J-RGCs responsive t
63 to the outer plexiform layer (OPL) and inner plexiform layer (IPL); the beta(3) subunit was localized
64 parameters and the ganglion cell layer-inner plexiform layer (mGCL-IPL) was determined by combining t
65 ar ganglion cell layer (mGCL), macular inner plexiform layer (mIPL), macular inner nuclear layer (mIN
66 ar inner nuclear layer (mINL), macular outer plexiform layer (mOPL), macular outer nuclear layer (mON
67 ng at the ganglion cell layer (n = 1), outer plexiform layer (n = 4), outer nuclear layer (n = 12), o
68 lion cell layer (NFL/GCL), NFL/GCL and inner plexiform layer (NFL/GCL + IPL), and total retina thickn
69 ment (OS) and outer nuclear layer plus outer plexiform layer (ONL+) thicknesses fell below the 95% co
70 nesses of the outer nuclear layer plus outer plexiform layer (ONL+), outer segment (OS), and retinal
71 S) layer, the outer nuclear layer plus outer plexiform layer (ONL+), the retinal pigment epithelium p
72 er ganglion cell layer (P = 0.003) and outer plexiform layer (OPL) (P < 0.001) compared with controls
73 pointing toward the inner limit of the outer plexiform layer (OPL) adjacent to the margin between the
74 hese areas included: subsidence of the outer plexiform layer (OPL) and inner nuclear layer (INL), and
75 ; the beta(2) subunit localized to the outer plexiform layer (OPL) and inner plexiform layer (IPL); t
76 es of HC axons fail to stratify in the outer plexiform layer (OPL) and invade the outer nuclear layer
77 l and optical property features of the outer plexiform layer (OPL) and the complex formed by the gang
78 n above (type 1) or below (type 2) the outer plexiform layer (OPL) at 6 tertiary referral centers.
79 correlating confirmed expansion of the outer plexiform layer (OPL) by optical coherence tomography (O
80 or terminals are ensheathed within the outer plexiform layer (OPL) by the processes of one type of gl
83 is localized primarily throughout the outer plexiform layer (OPL) of the distal retina, a synaptic l
85 drites (ORDs) either ramify within the outer plexiform layer (OPL) or the inner nuclear layer, and wh
86 of the inner plexiform layer (IPL) and outer plexiform layer (OPL) was identified at each age, and it
87 ribbon synapses established within the outer plexiform layer (OPL), initiating retinal visual process
88 body, near the distal boundary of the outer plexiform layer (OPL), suggesting that apical synapses a
89 tina expresses several laminins in the outer plexiform layer (OPL), where they may provide an extrace
94 ral macular retinal ganglion cell plus inner plexiform layer (RGC+IPL) loss identified by spectral-do
95 nglion cell layer (I3 and N6 sectors), inner plexiform layer (S6 and N6 sectors), inner nuclear layer
96 nuclear layer (T6 and N6 sectors), and outer plexiform layer (S6 sector), as well as the overall reti
98 rom the retinal ganglion cell layer to outer plexiform layer (standardized beta = 0.657 to 0.777, all
99 us inner plexiform layer, the INL plus outer plexiform layer (the combined thickness of these layers
100 cular (including the ganglion cell and inner plexiform layer [GCIPL], inner retina [IR], outer retina
101 l of their axon terminal system in the inner plexiform layer and in immunoreactivity for recoverin an
102 while the abnormal hyperreflectance of outer plexiform layer and inner nuclear layer on spectral-doma
103 estored; however, the thickness of the inner plexiform layer and one measure of axon branching were s
104 parameters, such as the ganglion cell inner plexiform layer and optic nerve head parameters, also ar
105 lls arborized at various levels of the inner plexiform layer and over fields of different diameters,
106 g: rods retracted their axons from the outer plexiform layer and partially degenerated, whereas cones
108 ition of an RGC's dendrites within the inner plexiform layer and that of its axon within the retinore
109 stance between the outer border of the outer plexiform layer and the inner border of the ellipsoid zo
111 es depolarize TH cell dendrites in the inner plexiform layer and these depolarizations propagate to t
113 ition, the synaptic connections in the outer plexiform layer are defective in Oc1-null mice, and phot
114 er, the synaptic mechanisms within the inner plexiform layer are not well characterized within specif
115 ression and synaptic structures in the outer plexiform layer are preserved, and visual responses are
116 e attributed to the disorganization of inner plexiform layer cells that occurs in the Dscam mutant re
118 photoreceptor axons, which changed the outer plexiform layer from a thin sheet of synaptic pedicles i
119 cted to specific sublaminae within the inner plexiform layer in adulthood, but acquire their restrict
120 of significantly thicker GCL, IPL, and outer plexiform layer in the central retinal area (i.e., fovea
122 ed thickness of the ON sublayer of the inner plexiform layer in the microbat retina, more ON than OFF
123 irregularity (18%), outer nuclear and outer plexiform layer irregularity (8%), and inner nuclear lay
124 that Gbeta5S expression in the retinal outer plexiform layer is eliminated, as is the ERG b-wave.
125 suggests that the organization of the outer plexiform layer is more complex than classically thought
126 ing from the inner nuclear layer (INL)/outer plexiform layer junction to involve the full-thickness I
127 Average and quadrant ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer measures demonstrated CVs </=4.5% with e
128 plexiform layer neurites, and varicose outer plexiform layer neurites all bear spines, that some of t
129 TH cell somata, tapering and varicose inner plexiform layer neurites, and varicose outer plexiform l
132 tina and were found to interact in the outer plexiform layer of the retina containing the photorecept
133 he organization of cells making up the outer plexiform layer of the retina in the absence of Dscam.
135 dependent cellular interactions in the outer plexiform layer overcome this variability to ensure the
136 of idiopathic ERM, deformation of the outer plexiform layer progresses and is associated with decrea
137 ent types of amacrine cells across the inner plexiform layer prompts that they should be also involve
138 specific types of RGCs and of specific inner plexiform layer sublaminae, opening new avenues for iden
141 Minimum rim width (MRW), ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness (GC-IPLT), and circumpapillary
142 (ETDRS </=35) had normal ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness and normal mfERG findings.
143 between CS at 6 cpd and ganglion cell/inner plexiform layer thickness at inferotemporal and inferona
144 al retinal thickness and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness were measured using custom-des
148 well as composite ganglion cell layer+inner plexiform layer thicknesses in the eyes of patients with
150 be obtained by measuring the areas of outer plexiform layer thinning (adjusted R(2) = 0.93), externa
152 and stratification of terminals in the outer plexiform layer were comparable among coneless, conefull
155 copically, the inner nuclear layer and outer plexiform layer were the most affected retinal structure
156 f the combined outer nuclear layer and outer plexiform layer when we compared MSNON or MSON eyes with
157 dritic reduction to sublamina b of the inner plexiform layer without retinal ganglion cell loss, show
158 ing exclusively in sublamina S5 of the inner plexiform layer, (2) bistratified cells with dendrites i
159 ayers, whereas PKG II was found in the outer plexiform layer, amacrine cells, and somata in the gangl
160 present within the nerve fiber layer, inner plexiform layer, and inner and outer nuclear layers and
161 GCs co-stratify their dendrites in the inner plexiform layer, and that Tenm3(+) ACs require Tenm3 to
162 cells occupy strata 2, 3, and 4 of the inner plexiform layer, between the two bands formed by choline
163 major targets of histamine are in the outer plexiform layer, but the retinopetal axons containing hi
164 ter degree in the OFF sublamina of the inner plexiform layer, corroborating the hypothesis that RGCs
165 t 50%) of the GlyRalpha4 puncta in the inner plexiform layer, however, was found to lack GlyRbeta and
166 s localized primarily in puncta in the inner plexiform layer, in amacrine cells, and in somata in the
167 splicing in the retinal ganglia cells, outer plexiform layer, inner nuclear layer, and outer nuclear
168 ation of photoreceptor synapses in the outer plexiform layer, leading to a progressive functional det
169 ses extending into the ON-layer of the inner plexiform layer, similar to A8 amacrine cells described
170 exiform layer appears earlier than the outer plexiform layer, synaptic proteins, and ribbons are firs
171 re layer, the ganglion cell layer plus inner plexiform layer, the INL plus outer plexiform layer (the
172 nglion cell layer (GCL) as well as the inner plexiform layer, the inner nuclear layer (INL), and the
174 his functional diversity arises in the inner plexiform layer, where inhibitory amacrine cells modulat
210 omplex formed by the ganglion cell and inner plexiform layers (GCL + IPL) provided the highest probab
211 the combined retinal ganglion cell and inner plexiform layers (RGCL+), and the inner nuclear layer (I
212 cose axons arborizing in the inner and outer plexiform layers after glutamatergic synapses depolarize
213 r, ganglion cell, inner plexiform, and outer plexiform layers and increased thickness in the inner nu
217 and their terminals in the outer nuclear and plexiform layers in a developmentally regulated manner.
219 ll structures in the inner nuclear and outer plexiform layers in paraneoplastic vitelliform retinopat
220 Reduction of the ganglion cell and inner plexiform layers predicted greater axonal damage in pati
221 uronal cell types are constrained within the plexiform layers, allowing for establishment of retinal
222 ndria of the ganglion cells, outer and inner plexiform layers, and photoreceptor inner segments.
223 iated with progression of deformation of the plexiform layers, as central retinal thickness (CRT) did
224 the visibility of the SCS: disarrangement of plexiform layers, CRT, and multiple adhesion points betw
225 at the margin of the inner nuclear and inner plexiform layers, rather than the ganglion cell layer.
226 mple, changes in the ganglion cell and inner plexiform layers, the sites of the retinal ganglion cell
227 d in bipolar cells, ganglion cells, and both plexiform layers, whereas PKG II was found in the outer
236 ng, which had similar numbers of profiles of plexiform lesions as those in lungs with more pronounced
237 ion of pulmonary arterioles and formation of plexiform lesions composed of hyperproliferative endothe
238 dothelium of remodeled pulmonary vessels and plexiform lesions of patients with pulmonary arterial hy
240 , media hypertrophy, adventitial thickening, plexiform lesions, vascular pruning) in this disease.
242 the presence of early and advanced complex (plexiform) lesions, when compared with either the SIV-in
243 ation, and various forms of obliterative and plexiform-like lesions in pulmonary arteries, similar to
244 remodeling, including vascular occlusion and plexiform-like lesions, resembling the hallmarks of the
245 irtually pathognomonic finding of NF1 is the plexiform neurofibroma (PN), a benign, likely congenital
246 , and facial structures (orbital-periorbital plexiform neurofibroma [OPPN]) can result in significant
247 ues define the cell of origin for murine Nf1 plexiform neurofibroma and leverage this finding to deve
249 urine models that closely recapitulate human plexiform neurofibroma formation indicate that tumorigen
251 dies implicating the hematopoietic system in plexiform neurofibroma genesis, delineate the physiology
256 that mast cells underpin inflammation in the plexiform neurofibroma microenvironment of neurofibromat
257 for sensitive measurement of orbitotemporal plexiform neurofibroma size, and larger volumes were ass
260 Amblyopia secondary to the orbitotemporal plexiform neurofibroma was present in 13 subjects (62%)
261 ngineered mouse model that accurately models plexiform neurofibroma-MPNST progression in humans would
267 life, whereas loss in adulthood caused large plexiform neurofibromas and morbidity beginning 4 months
273 ptic pathway gliomas (OPGs) and orbitofacial plexiform neurofibromas are two of the more common ophth
274 with neurofibromatosis type 1 and inoperable plexiform neurofibromas benefited from long-term dose-ad
275 (NF-1), malignant transformation of internal plexiform neurofibromas carries a poor prognosis, in par
278 of Nf1 resulted in the development of small plexiform neurofibromas late in life, whereas loss in ad
280 viable therapeutic options for patients with plexiform neurofibromas that cannot be surgically remove
281 eurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) develop benign plexiform neurofibromas that frequently progress to beco
282 had neurofibromatosis type 1 and inoperable plexiform neurofibromas to determine the maximum tolerat
283 e or decrease from baseline in the volume of plexiform neurofibromas) was monitored by using volumetr
285 han half of NF1 children with orbitotemporal plexiform neurofibromas, most commonly because of ptosis
286 reatment of neurofibromatosis type 1-related plexiform neurofibromas, which are characterized by elev
290 dels and human patients, induce formation of plexiform/obliterative lesions and defined the molecular
291 INL) than in the complex formed by the outer plexiform (OPL) and the Henle fiber layers (HFL): 5.0 x
294 mary endpoint was a 20% or more reduction in plexiform size by sequential volumetric MRI imaging.
299 localized to the abluminal side of the outer plexiform vascular endothelial cells, Muller glia cells,
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