ライフサイエンスコーパス: polymyxin B

1 hoxazole and, like other S. aureus isolates, polymyxin B.

2 and El Tor V. cholerae mutants sensitive to polymyxin B.

3 unced synergy was noted with tigecycline and polymyxin B.

4 to beta-sheet defensin HNP-1 and lipopeptide polymyxin B.

5 e to the CAMPs nisin and gallidermin but not polymyxin B.

6 times more resistant than wild-type cells to polymyxin B.

7 in FA19) resistance to normal human serum or polymyxin B.

8 sion in CLP-induced sepsis was attenuated by polymyxin B.

9 binding affinity for LPS similar to that of polymyxin B.

10 ized by pretreating CLP-induced WT mice with polymyxin B.

11 tions mediating resistance to the antibiotic polymyxin B.

12 ericidal/permeability increasing protein and polymyxin B.

13 was more sensitive to cecropin A, but not to polymyxin B.

14 imilar to that achieved with 10 microg/mL of polymyxin B.

15 lls is hampered by the well-known antibiotic polymyxin B.

16 tion from the cationic antimicrobial peptide polymyxin B.

17 resistance to antimicrobial peptides such as polymyxin B.

18 inhibitable with TLR4-specific antibody and polymyxin B.

19 rivatives with affinity greater than that of polymyxin B.

20 to the antimicrobial peptides magainin 2 and polymyxin B.

21 ipid A molecules and are more susceptible to polymyxin B.

22 tions mediating resistance to the antibiotic polymyxin B.

23 a-sheet defensins and the cyclic lipopeptide polymyxin B.

24 almonella resistance to the cationic peptide polymyxin B.

25 Salmonella minnesota, was not suppressed by polymyxin B.

26 by the killed bacteria was not inhibited by polymyxin B.

27 ther anti-TLR4 blocking antibody (HTA125) or Polymyxin B.

28 ysaccharide and resistance to the antibiotic polymyxin B.

29 affected by the lipopolysaccharide inhibitor polymyxin B.

30 manner and was inhibited by the addition of polymyxin B.

31 the testing of the polymyxins, colistin and polymyxin B.

32 ed little NO), regardless of the presence of polymyxin B.

33 most completely inhibited in the presence of polymyxin B.

34 affected by the pharmacologic LPS antagonist polymyxin B.

35 in mRNA expression, which was ameliorated by polymyxin B.

36 bocyte lysate assay, and can be inhibited by polymyxin B.

37 nt and was not diminished by the presence of polymyxin B.

38 otoxins with a potency comparable to that of polymyxin B.

39 ction at 6 to 10 h, and was not inhibited by polymyxin B.

40 toxin-induced effects) were not inhibited by polymyxin B.

41 m that mediates resistance to the antibiotic polymyxin B.

42 ram-negative-targeted antimicrobials such as polymyxin B.

43 cretion with a potency comparable to that of polymyxin B.

44 r and in E. coli treated with P1vir phage or polymyxin B.

45 bute to the organism's natural resistance to polymyxin B.

46 inicians are increasingly using colistin and polymyxin B.

47 VI secretion system (T6SS), P1vir phage, and polymyxin B.

48 hances resistance to the cationic antibiotic polymyxin B.

49 tween SPLUNC1 and LPS, lipoteichoic acid, or polymyxin B.

50 MacA protein with affinity exceeding that of polymyxin B.

51 showed a 100-fold increase in sensitivity to polymyxin B.

52 heir resistance to the antimicrobial peptide polymyxin B.

53 xycholate and showed increased resistance to polymyxin B.

54 ated flagellin in the presence or absence of polymyxin B.

55 tients aged 21-87 years received intravenous polymyxin B (0.45-3.38 mg/kg/day).

56 , 0.25 to 1 microg/ml (11 to 17 mm), and for polymyxin B, 0.25 to 2 microg/ml (13 to 19 mm).

57 , 0.25 to 2 microg/ml (11 to 17 mm), and for polymyxin B, 0.25 to 2 mug/ml (14 to 18 mm).

58 Interestingly, polymyxin B (5 microg/ml) and RsDPLA show only a limited

59 omol/L) or by the protein kinase C inhibitor polymyxin B (50 micromol/L).

60 creased in the presence of the PKC inhibitor polymyxin B (50+/-6%), suggesting that if activation of

61 ajor errors were noted for colistin (5%) and polymyxin B (6%).

62 ospholipid probe to elucidate the effects of polymyxin-B (a cytolytic peptide), valproic acid (a lipo

63 Polymyxin B, a cationic peptide antibiotic, is one of th

64 e antibiotic interactions between OM-SBs and polymyxin B, a cationic peptide used to treat Gram-negat

65 , the activity was dramatically inhibited by polymyxin B, a relatively specific inhibitor of endotoxi

66 Polymyxin B abrogated only the response to LPS.

67 Polymyxin B added in the incubation media abolished the

68 Polymyxin B addition engendered Escherichia coli and Pse

69 imicrobial agents for potential synergy with polymyxin B against 12 clinical strains of carbapenemase

70 ve rods and only 7 grew on mannitol-egg yolk-polymyxin B agar and/or the Anthracis chromogenic agar.

71 S depletion of S. marcescens secretomes with polymyxin B agarose rendered secretomes unable to inhibi

72 Removal of LPS from rhHsp70-2 by polymyxin B-agarose column or direct addition of polymyx

73 sentially eliminated after passing through a polymyxin B-agarose column that removes LPS and LPS-asso

74 es of experiments, both free polymyxin B and polymyxin B-agarose stimulated mitochondrial glycerophos

75 ethylenimine, polyamidoamine dendrimers, and polymyxin B, although they attenuate thrombosis, all hav

76 e BACTEC 12B medium including PANTA reagent (polymyxin B, amphotericin B, nalidixic acid, trimethopri

77 After the antimicrobial mixture of polymyxin B, amphotericin B, nalidixic acid, trimethopri

78 ed NF-kappaB activation was not inhibited by polymyxin B, an antibiotic that binds and neutralizes LP

79 living bacteria was partially suppressed by polymyxin B, an inhibitor of LPS, but did not require se

80 and immature populations was not blocked by polymyxin B, an inhibitor of LPS.

81 Polymyxin B, an LPS blocker, did not affect ESAT-6 stimu

82 n the presence of the LPS-binding antibiotic polymyxin B and a potent LPS antagonist, E5564, which co

83 sitivity to sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and polymyxin B and also had a reduced competitive index com

84 ed to mimic the lipid A binding character of polymyxin B and are shown to bind lipid A derivatives wi

85 ts, and resistance to antimicrobial peptides polymyxin B and avian beta-defensins.

86 by cationic antimicrobial peptides, such as polymyxin B and beta-defensins.

87 susceptibility to the antimicrobial peptides polymyxin B and cathelicidin-related antimicrobial pepti

88 o polymyxin B, and some were less toxic than polymyxin B and colistin against mammalian HepG2 cells a

89 Polymyxin B and colistin displayed a nearly identical sp

90 erent clinically relevant dosage regimens of polymyxin B and colistin over 96 h.

91 d in resistance to the antimicrobial peptide polymyxin B and critical for replication in macrophages

92 of polymyxin B and rifampin as well as with polymyxin B and doxycycline, resulting in at least a 4-f

93 y classical V. cholerae mutants resistant to polymyxin B and El Tor V. cholerae mutants sensitive to

94 ed by colony counts following treatment with polymyxin B and gentamicin.

95 t due to endotoxin, since preincubation with polymyxin B and HrHRF gave similar results to that with

96 is study, we investigated the interaction of polymyxin B and human neutrophil peptide (HNP-1) with th

97 lly diverse cationic antimicrobial peptides (polymyxin B and LL-37) but not to antibiotics that exert

98 ic studies of these lipid A derivatives with polymyxin B and polymyxin B nonapeptide indicate that bi

99 e ionic interactions dominate association of polymyxin B and polymyxin B nonapeptide with lipid A.

100 In another series of experiments, both free polymyxin B and polymyxin B-agarose stimulated mitochond

101 e of S. enterica serovar Typhimurium to both polymyxin B and protegrin-1.

102 to handle the antibacterial cationic peptide polymyxin B and reactive nitrogen and oxygen radicals an

103 in particular exhibited hypersensitivity to polymyxin B and reduced survival in mice.

104 Synergy was observed with the combination of polymyxin B and rifampin as well as with polymyxin B and

105 irulence factor expression and resistance to polymyxin B and serum and in vivo colonization levels si

106 e was developed in which graded dilutions of polymyxin B and the study drug were incubated with resis

107 embrane protein, OmpU, confers resistance to polymyxin B and to a bioactive peptide (P2) derived from

108 ontrols resistance to the peptide antibiotic polymyxin B and to several antimicrobial proteins from h

109 ontrols resistance to the peptide antibiotic polymyxin B and to several antimicrobial proteins from h

110 stelae, and H. muridarum became sensitive to polymyxin B and/or trimethoprim.

111 ) and neutrophils (hNP-1) and from bacteria (polymyxin B), and (iv) the synthesis and translocation o

112 il infiltration, were treated by vancomycin, polymyxin B, and Abx (ampicillin, neomycin, metronidazol

113 ar) or little (formulation with cefamandole, polymyxin B, and agar) inhibitory effect on the growth o

114 somycin had no (formulation with vancomycin, polymyxin B, and agar) or little (formulation with cefam

115 ell wall antibiotics including beta-lactams, polymyxin B, and d-cycloserine.

116 antibiotics (intravenous penicillin, topical polymyxin B, and gentamicin sulfate) were administered.

117 ferences between parenteral CMS/colistin and polymyxin B, and highlight the clinical implications.

118 sensitive to the cationic peptides melittin, polymyxin B, and poly-l-lysine, in a manner that paralle

119 or better antimicrobial potency compared to polymyxin B, and some were less toxic than polymyxin B a

120 Prenatal neomycin, polymyxin B, and streptomycin treatment protected NOD mi

121 combination of three antibiotics--neomycin, polymyxin B, and streptomycin--on diabetes development.

122 to high salt and calcium concentrations, to polymyxin B, and to caffeine.

123 ly increased susceptibilities to daptomycin, polymyxin B, and two prototypical HD-CAPs (hNP-1 and RP-

124 , and three peptide antibiotics (bacitracin, polymyxin B, and vancomycin).

125 ive to the cationic peptides, poly-l-lysine, polymyxin-B, and melittin.

126 hocolate agar, BCYE, and selective BCYE with polymyxin B, anisomycin, and vancomycin) and on axenic a

127 ere parenteral products of both colistin and polymyxin B are available, prospective studies should be

128 Our study showed that doses of intravenous polymyxin B are best scaled by total body weight.

129 ulted in a strain that was as susceptible to polymyxin B as a phoP mutant.

130 pbgP and ugd mutants are not as sensitive to polymyxin B as a pmrA mutant.

131 Polymyxin B as an antiendotoxin strategy has an unaccept

132 is required for resistance to the antibiotic polymyxin B, as mutations of the PmrA-activated pbg oper

133 ed in increased gonococcal susceptibility to polymyxin B, as reported previously for Neisseria mening

134 ivity to the cationic antimicrobial peptide, polymyxin B, as well as a decrease in motility.

135 been previously implicated in resistance to polymyxin B, as well as dephosphorylation of the Hep(II)

136 Polymyxin B binds to and disrupts ExPortal integrity, re

137 Consistently, polymyxin B blocked the enzymatic activity of Stx1, Stx2

138 Antibody and polymyxin B blocking of the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)

139 Also, all mutants exhibited sensitivity to polymyxin B but did not display sensitivity to deoxychol

140 ability to activate DC was not eliminated by polymyxin B but was destroyed by proteinase K.

141 exposure to the CAPs, RP-1 (platelets), and polymyxin B, but not by other cationic molecules (hNP-1,

142 red Salmonella susceptible to magainin 2 and polymyxin B, but not defensin HNP-1.

143 nent regulatory system governs resistance to polymyxin B by controlling transcription of the 4-aminoa

144 experiments on nonmotile E. coli exposed to polymyxin B, cell-generated frequency noise dropped clos

145 ect to sensitivity to the peptide antibiotic polymyxin B: classical strains are sensitive and El Tor

146 ffinity chromatography, and passed through a polymyxin B column to remove contaminating lipopolysacch

147 e and significantly increased sensitivity to polymyxin B compared to the parental strain.

148 splayed >1,000-fold increased sensitivity to polymyxin B compared to the parental Y. pestis strain, K

149 Polymyxin B completely inhibited LOS stimulation but onl

150 Polymyxin B concentrations were measured by liquid chrom

151 dromal intestinal phase, and the toxicity of polymyxin B could further discourage its therapeutic use

152 Only polymyxin B could reduce hepatic lymphocytes in WD-fed F

153 ased resistance to the CAMPs gallidermin and polymyxin B, demonstrating tolerance to different types

154 confound the results, as preincubation with polymyxin B did not change iNOS or TNF protein levels.

155 Anti-CD14 monoclonal antibody and polymyxin B did not inhibit IL-1beta mRNA expression upo

156 ect LPS interaction since it, in contrast to polymyxin B, displayed only minor activity in the Limulu

157 Polymyxin B dosage regimens that achieved peak concentra

158 in the study; 29 patients used trimethoprim/polymyxin B drops, and 11 patients used fluoroquinolone

159 phages killed NBXFO cells in the presence of polymyxin B, eliminating the possibility that contaminat

160 ype (WT) was significantly more sensitive to polymyxin B, ethanol, and high-temperature stresses.

161 phorelay, which contributes to survival from polymyxin B exposure.

162 ) endotoxin was monitored using a dansylated polymyxin B fluorochrome agent.

163 reduced the ability of Salmonella to survive polymyxin B following addition of adrenaline.

164 on of the relative merits of colistin versus polymyxin B for various types of infection; investigatio

165 for povidone-iodine and 7 days for neomycin-polymyxin B-gramicidin (95% confidence interval [CI] for

166 ith povidone-iodine or antibiotics (neomycin-polymyxin B-gramicidin in the Philippines; ciprofloxacin

167 atment of STF abrogated their effects, while polymyxin B had no effect.

168 cation of lipid A plays in the resistance to polymyxin B has remained unknown.

169 We put forth the view that overall polymyxin B has superior clinical pharmacological proper

170 The polymyxin lipodecapeptides colistin and polymyxin B have become last resort therapies for infect

171 Colistin and polymyxin B have indistinguishable microbiological activ

172 ality was 0.81 (95% CI, 0.70-0.95), favoring polymyxin B hemoperfusion (p = 0.007).

173 ults were mainly influenced by studies using polymyxin B hemoperfusion from Japan.

174 Studies investigating the effect of polymyxin B hemoperfusion on mortality were considered e

175 studies have reported a survival benefit for polymyxin B hemoperfusion treatment in patients with sev

176 The present study demonstrated that polymyxin B hemoperfusion treatment may reduce mortality

177 ate meta-analysis to determine the effect of polymyxin B hemoperfusion treatment on mortality in pati

178 olled trial reported no survival benefit for polymyxin B hemoperfusion treatment.

179 sepsis and septic shock and terms related to polymyxin B hemoperfusion.

180 trials, n=457) after excluding trials using polymyxin B hemoperfusion.

181 rapy comprising direct hemoperfusion using a polymyxin B-immobilized fiber column (PMX-DHP) and susta

182 ne and protegrin, mig-14 is still induced by polymyxin B in a phoP background.

183 , and tigecycline may be useful additions to polymyxin B in the treatment of infections caused by hig

184 erstanding of the antibacterial mechanism of polymyxin B, including disruption kinetics and changes i

185 to adhere to denatured collagen in serum and polymyxin B independent fashion, a property distinct fro

186 e significantly reduced by oral neomycin and polymyxin B, indicating a pathogenetic role of gut-deriv

187 lipid A profile and in its susceptibility to polymyxin B, indicating that the PmrA-dependent modifica

188 dies of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) content and polymyxin B inhibition of LPS suggested that the H. pylo

189 the kinetics of induction and sensitivity to polymyxin B inhibition.

190 Second, a heat-labile but polymyxin B-insensitive factor present in supernatants f

191 To better understand lipid A-polymyxin B interaction, pure lipid A derivatives were p

192 Polymyxin B is a last-line therapy for multidrug-resista

193 Polymyxin B is administered directly as the active antib

194 Cell sensitivity to the antimicrobial polymyxin B is affected by LPS modifications, and cells

195 as bile salts and the antimicrobial peptide polymyxin B is increased, and periplasmic constituents l

196 Polymyxin B is one of the few antimicrobials that retain

197 omonas aeruginosa porins, in the presence of polymyxin B, it was possible to induce concentration-dep

198 l patients receiving intravenous colistin or polymyxin B; it occurred in 60.4% and 41.8%, respectivel

199 Pretreatment with polymyxin B (lipopolysaccharide [LPS] inhibitor) did not

200 iteria for colistin (</=11 and >/=14 mm) and polymyxin B (</=10 and >/=14 mm) were suggested, but som

201 t the expression of carRS and almEFG and the polymyxin B MIC increased in mutants lacking toxRS or le

202 KPC) genes by real-time PCR and had elevated polymyxin B MIC values ranging from 16 to 128 mug/ml.

203 sulting in at least a 4-fold decrease in the polymyxin B MIC.

204 onversely, leuO overexpression decreased the polymyxin B MIC.

205 nes, and carbapenems and susceptible only to polymyxin B (MIC <or= 2 microg/ml) were identified as pa

206 However, polymyxin B MICs are elevated against K. pneumoniae isol

207 ut in no significant change in resistance to polymyxin B. msbB mutants of both biotypes showed decrea

208 procedure, in which cells are incubated with polymyxin B nonapeptide (PMBN), an antibiotic derivative

209 ese lipid A derivatives with polymyxin B and polymyxin B nonapeptide indicate that binding stoichiome

210 ions dominate association of polymyxin B and polymyxin B nonapeptide with lipid A.

211 biocytin labeling in cells permeabilized by polymyxin B nonapeptide, and the helix packing at the pe

212 II was released by the antimicrobial peptide polymyxin B or a mouse macrophage antimicrobial peptide

213 ired for resistance to magainin 2 but not to polymyxin B or defensin HNP-1.

214 tibiotics, neutralization of serum LPS using polymyxin B, or removal of LPS signaling components usin

215 regulate resistance to several AP, including polymyxin B (PM).

216 Polymyxin B (PmB) is a "last-line" antibiotic scarcely u

217 Biosensing platforms are functionalized with polymyxin B (PMB), a cyclic peptide antibiotic with high

218 Polymyxin B (PMB), a cyclic, cationic peptide antibiotic

219 embrane-permeabilizing antimicrobial peptide polymyxin B (PmB).

220 and renal cytotoxicity profiles relative to polymyxin B (PMB).

221 e and to the antimicrobial cationic peptide, polymyxin B (PmxB).

222 rticles containing last resort antimicrobial polymyxin B (Pol-B).

223 ced by OMV pretreatment with proteinase K or polymyxin B prior to coincubation with IECs.

224 In addition, mig-14 is strongly induced by polymyxin B, protamine, and the mammalian antimicrobial

225 insically highly resistant to CAMPs, such as polymyxin B (PxB) (MIC > or = 512 microg/ml).

226 molecular contacts formed by the antibiotic polymyxin B (PxB) is characterized by kinetic and spectr

227 myristoylphosphatidylmethanol is mediated by polymyxin B (PxB), a cationic amphipathic cyclic decapep

228 modification as Ara4N, which greatly affects polymyxin B resistance and murine virulence, neither pmr

229 Both serum and polymyxin B resistance as well as phosphoethanolamine de

230 In this study, we report that CarR confers polymyxin B resistance by positively regulating expressi

231 binding-fold (OB-fold) protein important for polymyxin B resistance in broth and also for virulence i

232 nduces PmrA-activated gene transcription and polymyxin B resistance in response to Fe(3+), but that i

233 important for systemic infection in mice and polymyxin B resistance in vitro.

234 the PmrA/PmrB two-component system governing polymyxin B resistance is induced in low Mg(2+) in a pro

235 binding partner of RcsB, is not required for polymyxin B resistance or survival in mice.

236 anscribed PmrA-activated genes and displayed polymyxin B resistance under the same conditions as Salm

237 analysis indicates that ompD contributes to polymyxin B resistance, and both ydeI and ompD are impor

238 mrA-regulated genes appear to participate in polymyxin B resistance, as pbgP and ugd mutants are not

239 F, another general porin, also contribute to polymyxin B resistance.

240 . pestis responsible for autoaggregation and polymyxin B resistance.

241 acid promotes cellular changes resulting in polymyxin B resistance.

242 the 18 loci encode genes that contribute to polymyxin B resistance.

243 ar Typhimurium lipopolysaccharide leading to polymyxin B resistance.

244 his did not result in a measurable effect on polymyxin B resistance.

245 hanolamine is responsible for PmrA-regulated polymyxin B resistance.

246 of phosphoethanolamine into lipid A and for polymyxin B resistance.

247 hia coli mutant was isolated and shown to be polymyxin B resistant.

248 reen was conducted to select for spontaneous polymyxin B-resistant mutants displaying enhanced ExPort

249 APK inhibitor, U0126, or the LPS antagonist, polymyxin B, resulted in an attenuation of KLF5, p50 and

250 sensitivity to certain stressors, including polymyxin B, SDS, and hydrogen peroxide.

251 Polymyxin B sensitivity assays revealed compromised oute

252 Our results indicate that increased polymyxin B sensitivity of the DeltapgmA mutant is due t

253 olet staining, acryflavin agglutination, and polymyxin B sensitivity studies indicated that RB51WboA

254 king almE, almF, and almG exhibited enhanced polymyxin B sensitivity.

255 rae cell envelope by chemical treatment with polymyxin B similarly results in induction of the RpoE-m

256 nsitive to bile salt stress but resistant to polymyxin B stress, indicating OmpU is not essential for

257 odecyl sulfate and the antimicrobial peptide polymyxin B, suggesting a compromise to membrane stabili

258 hage inflammatory protein 2 not inhibited by polymyxin B, suggesting that leptospiral lipopolysacchar

259 mutant was hypersensitive to magainin 2 and polymyxin B, suggesting that the virulence attenuation e

260 ) preconjugated to an antibiotic drug called polymyxin B sulfate (PMB).

261 The secretagogue was polymyxin B sulfate (Pmx).

262 OmpU also conferred resistance to polymyxin B sulfate, suggesting that this porin may impa

263 LPS-chelating antibiotic, polymyxin B, suppressed the antiapoptotic activity, indi

264 g; Etest provided a conservative estimate of polymyxin B susceptibility.

265 pH 5.8 were > 100 000-fold more resistant to polymyxin B than organisms grown at pH 7.7.

266 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates for polymyxin B, tigecycline, cefepime, and meropenem.

267 ed by colony counts following treatment with polymyxin B to kill extracellular bacteria.

268 Furthermore, the ability of polymyxin B to neutralize LPS toxicity was identical for

269 Molar comparison of polymyxin B to proanthocyanidins indicated that the Seph

270 myxin B-agarose column or direct addition of polymyxin B to the incubation medium essentially elimina

271 Polymyxin B total body clearance did not show any relati

272 Polymyxin B treatment and boiling of the virus preparati

273 d proteinase K treatment, yet insensitive to polymyxin B treatment, indicating that the induction is

274 /ml/10(6) cells in 24 h), and insensitive to polymyxin B treatment.

275 the infection was treated with amikacin and polymyxin B-trimethoprim, and the ulcer resolved over 3

276 In the case of polymyxin B, true potency may vary by as much as 40% fro

277 tion when testing colistin (polymyxin E) and polymyxin B, two polycationic peptide antimicrobial agen

278 t the therapeutic application of colistin or polymyxin B until disk diffusion test modifications are

279 The resistance rate to colistin/polymyxin B was 16.1%.

280 endotoxin-neutralizing capacity of LF-33 and polymyxin B was attenuated by human serum.

281 that lacked lptA, and greater sensitivity to polymyxin B was consistent with the absence of phosphoet

282 f the antimicrobial activity of colistin and polymyxin B was initiated using 200 bloodstream infectio

283 Polymyxin B was predominantly nonrenally cleared with me

284 Polymyxin B was studied in combination with cefazolin, c

285 duced by membrane-disrupting natural product polymyxin B, we conclude that RP4 induces "donor-directe

286 rogenes, susceptibility testing methods with polymyxin B were analyzed.

287 tx-induced neutrophil responses inhibited by polymyxin B were performed.

288 se demographics, the total body clearance of polymyxin B when scaled by total body weight (population

289 PACs has been shown to compete with that of polymyxin B which is known to bind the lipid A component

290 o hydrolase mutants were highly sensitive to polymyxin B, which could be attributed to a defect in do

291 Third, polymyxin B, which inactivates LPS, blocks the activity

292 Sensitivity to polymyxin B, which was employed as a model cationic, amp

293 However, association of polymyxin B with lipid A is not fully understood, primar

294 e (on a molar basis) to that of colistin and polymyxin B, with an even broader spectrum of activity t