ライフサイエンスコーパス: precipitation

1 re and strengthening the positive impacts of precipitation.

2 lexes, interlayer anion exchange, and CaMoO4 precipitation.

3 ncreased lateral root length with decreasing precipitation.

4 re least abundant in areas with intermediate precipitation.

5 ecame positive or vice versa with increasing precipitation.

6 llin) from cows' milk, without prior protein precipitation.

7 land-use change and any future reduction in precipitation.

8 , especially for annual or spring and winter precipitation.

9 clei, whereby they impact cloud coverage and precipitation.

10 e observed relationship between aerosols and precipitation.

11 on delay were milder than those of decreased precipitation.

12 was carried out using ammonium sulphate for precipitation.

13 variables were most sensitive to mean annual precipitation.

14 h drip tips did not increase with increasing precipitation.

15 for movement, and experience higher seasonal precipitation.

16 els with asymptotic functions of mean annual precipitation.

17 patterns of ecosystem sensitivity to altered precipitation.

18 tes that differed in vegetation structure or precipitation.

19 ted to dry via decreased frequency of winter precipitation.

20 ilized plots that received additional winter precipitation.

21 ased precipitation and enhanced by increased precipitation.

22 projected decreases in low-medium intensity precipitation.

23 erant to cold winter temperatures and summer precipitations.

24 annual temperature (14.9-21.6 degrees C) and precipitation (1,120-1,680 mm/year).

25 VPD, +0.66 kPa), annual percent deviation in precipitation (-38%), and 2011 difference between precip

26 Here we show that in the absence of precipitation, absorption of dew and water vapor by litt

27 in the probability density function (pdf) of precipitation accumulations is presented with an evaluat

28 Precipitation accumulations, integrated over rainfall ev

29 s process, causing significant reductions in precipitation across Amazonia, and potentially at a glob

30 cipitation change) of BNPP was similar under precipitation additions and reductions, but ANPP was mor

31 d reductions, but ANPP was more sensitive to precipitation additions than reductions; this was especi

32 g complexation and metal-containing particle precipitation, aggregation, and dissolution.

33 mes globally, independent of changes in mean precipitation alone.

34 We find that whereas precipitation alteration does not influence biomass temp

35 In addition, precipitation altered the sign or strength of consumer-r

36 n the middle growing season, suggesting that precipitation amount in the middle growing season is mor

37 h's hydrological cycle, resulting in altered precipitation amounts, increased interannual variability

38 Scenarios included a decrease in precipitation and a delay of monsoon rainfall.

39 ds show a recent increase in coastal Alaskan precipitation and Aleutian Low intensification, but are

40 sion inhibitors can affect calcium carbonate precipitation and associated in situ and in-service wate

41 First, the response of ANPP to changes in precipitation and biodiversity is saturating, so we expe

42 costs of $3.01 per cubic meter for chemical precipitation and biological wastewater treatment and $1

43 skin pigmentation is not due to clofazimine precipitation and CLDI formation, but rather to the part

44 t a 3:1 ratio of solvent to milk for protein precipitation and dichloromethane for lipid removal, was

45 Similarly, the effect of precipitation and elevation on Delta(13)C were stronger

46 ith soil respiration suppressed by decreased precipitation and enhanced by increased precipitation.

47 gs are associated with a westward cascade of precipitation and evapotranspiration across the Amazon.

48 However, the nonlinearity between precipitation and flood magnitude motivates the need for

49 xplained much of the yield variability, with precipitation and heat stress during the late vegetative

50 has been subject to significant decreases in precipitation and increases in temperature in recent dec

51 tes this intensification led to increases in precipitation and infiltration along the California coas

52 Changes in precipitation and land use are therefore more likely to

53 bility increases by at least as much as mean precipitation and less than moisture and extreme precipi

54 residue methodology based on fat and protein precipitation and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spec

55 seasonal water availability, given by recent precipitation and mean daily VSWC .

56 pitation (-38%), and 2011 difference between precipitation and potential evapotranspiration (-1,206 m

57 We report that aspects of precipitation and potential evapotranspiration, along wi

58 Abiotic factors, including precipitation and potential evapotranspiration, were als

59 days are expected in spring due to increased precipitation and reduced bareness.

60 ultural land use, catchment size, as well as precipitation and seasonal dynamics on pesticide risk ta

61 the root collar was best explained by spring precipitation and summer temperature, whereas stem growt

62 Precipitation and temperature variables explained much o

63 eme weather years, characterized by abnormal precipitation and temperature, are increasing.

64 urthermore, we found that the association of precipitation and ZIKV outbreak was more evident in Colo

65 t how interactions between climate (seasonal precipitation) and competitor densities result in steep

66 onses are further mediated by soil moisture, precipitation, and carbon supply and regions in which en

67 t primary productivity (NPP) to temperature, precipitation, and CO2 in ten ecosystem models with the

68 We mapped forest cover, modeled regional precipitation, and collected data on bird community comp

69 ed to winter daily temperature, total winter precipitation, and detrended vegetation green-up dates i

70 5, times larger than N deposition, decreased precipitation, and increased grazing intensity.

71 In this study, distillation, precipitation, and ion-exchange methods were chosen for

72 mounts, increased interannual variability of precipitation, and more frequent extreme precipitation e

73 robust negative coupling of temperature and precipitation anomalies, exhibits stronger and faster re

74 ral and spatial variation characteristics of precipitation are different in different regions with th

75 Globally, changes in precipitation are especially likely to also exacerbate e

76 a, however, projections of changes in annual precipitation are inconsistent.

77 on events', or AMDEs) and wet deposition via precipitation are sources of Hg to the Arctic in its oxi

78 torical probability of extreme (high or low) precipitation are used to provide vital information on t

79 its that abiotic factors (e.g., temperature, precipitation) are stronger determinants of range bounda

80 the GLMs strongly implicate temperature and precipitation as driving forces of this flu season and n

81 fy the overall effects that aerosols have on precipitation as multiple influencing factors such as re

82 on microbial (biotic) degradation enabled by precipitation as the main mechanism of litter decomposit

83 grity was confirmed using an oligonucleotide precipitation assay.

84 1970's corresponds to a strong reduction in precipitation associated with a shift from negative to p

85 ted to increased atmospheric temperature and precipitation, associated with reduced ice extent in the

86 ty, but often declined after periods of high precipitation at longer lag times (2-4 years) likely due

87 Abundances of all species increased with precipitation at short lag times (1-1.5 years) likely du

88 last glacial oxygen isotopic composition of precipitation based on global circulation models (GCMs).

89 The precipitation behavior in the MPZ was characterized and

90 ch from negative to positive with increasing precipitation, but also differed among taxa, for instanc

91 Atmospheric aerosols influence precipitation by changing the earth's energy budget and

92 orological variables such as temperature and precipitation can affect disease distribution and abunda

93 Indirect effects through cloud formation and precipitation can be important in facilitating continent

94 s study highlighted the fact that surfactant precipitation can be used as a primary recovery method f

95 Hunter, the magnitude and seasonality of the precipitation change indicate a long-term strengthening

96 productivity responses and the magnitude of precipitation change were saturating in form.

97 ivity response standardized by the amount of precipitation change) of BNPP was similar under precipit

98 there were limited studies imposing extreme precipitation change, and there was considerable variati

99 could ultimately destabilize biocrusts when precipitation changes are combined with global warming.

100 Future precipitation changes in a warming climate depend region

101 er, response patterns of soil respiration to precipitation changes remain uncertain in terrestrial ec

102 years because it simultaneously alters other precipitation characteristics (i.e., event size) consist

103 Precipitation concentrations were 10-40% of those in sur

104 lution (0.5 degrees x 0.5 degrees ) observed precipitation data, contrary to previous studies on inte

105 correlations between aerosol properties and precipitation data.

106 proportion of true zeros is validated using precipitation data.

107 The change of precipitation decreases with elevation, relief amplitude

108 We have shown that precipitation, degradation and loss of biological activi

109 Much of the precipitation delivered to western North America arrives

110 Chemical and immune-precipitation demonstrated that these BCR constituents a

111 d MERRA2 reanalysis, we find that wet season precipitation displays vertical gradients (i.e., changes

112 to account for the fact that secondary CaCO3 precipitation does not fill the pore space completely, w

113 ter stress, despite anticipated increases in precipitation, due to the higher temperatures, earlier l

114 hypothesis that child growth is sensitive to precipitation during key periods in a child's early life

115 been converted to peri-urban, and increased precipitation during spring migration.

116 rimental effects were identified for extreme precipitation during the pupal life stage for univoltine

117 use soil moisture integrates temperature and precipitation dynamics, it can more directly constrain t

118 wenty-first century - largely due to reduced precipitation, enhanced land surface bareness, and incre

119 Quantitative precipitation estimates are based on observed regional a

120 measure of changes in local hydrology (e.g., precipitation/evaporation, freshwater inputs) and global

121 ecipitation Index (SPI) and the Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) across Eur

122 variables: gridded cool-season standardized precipitation-evapotranspiration index, April snow water

123 time series spanning the March, 2015 extreme precipitation event in the hyperarid Atacama desert of C

124 erns vary across timescales of an individual precipitation event to an entire growing season.

125 as well as the response to a later, smaller precipitation event.

126 the timescale of shallow water storage after precipitation events are increasingly valuable as global

127 Droughts and other extreme precipitation events are predicted to increase in intens

128 Extreme precipitation events are predicted to occur more frequen

129 A case study demonstrates how heavy precipitation events can reduce the solar inactivation p

130 ogical cycle, ranging from larger individual precipitation events to more extreme multiyear droughts,

131 al water vapor transport, bolstering extreme precipitation events.

132 of precipitation, and more frequent extreme precipitation events.

133 pond to increases in temperature and altered precipitation expected with climate change, but weak rel

134 tterflies to four extremes (drought, extreme precipitation, extreme heat and extreme cold), identifie

135 ntly has greater predictive ability than the precipitation/extreme climate model in explaining strata

136 to significant increases in temperature and precipitation extremes in most regions.

137 ing of differential ecosystem sensitivity to precipitation extremes, but there are many design challe

138 el understanding of ecosystem sensitivity to precipitation extremes.

139 amages was road flooding caused by increased precipitation followed by damages to buildings associate

140 ntial centrifugation and polyethylene glycol precipitation followed by lectin affinity chromatography

141 ipitation and less than moisture and extreme precipitation for most models, regions, and timescales.

142 tude and longitude and temperature, and with precipitation for PHYC.

143 Do corals form their skeletons by precipitation from solution or by attachment of amorphou

144 between the two fluids and the shape of the precipitation front was influenced by the relative flow

145 sect spanning the State's fivefold east-west precipitation gradient ( 1,500 to 300 mm), we compared

146 lly, we compared grasslands spanning a broad precipitation gradient ( approximately 200-1,000 mm/y) i

147 linked: agricultural communities across the precipitation gradient shared more species with dry than

148 bient precipitation to form a drought to wet precipitation gradient) was conducted over three growing

149 n of soil respiration along the experimental precipitation gradient, with soil respiration suppressed

150 ies from three grassland communities along a precipitation gradient.

151 atural variability of drivers is as follows: precipitation>grazing>temperature>biodiversity>N.

152 tensity was as follows: biodiversity>grazing>precipitation>N.

153 Recent warming and summer precipitation has the potential to alter water availabil

154 While changes in mean and extreme precipitation have been studied intensively, precipitati

155 Frequently, experimental manipulations of precipitation have linked altered precipitation regimes

156 ounds are characterized by increasing winter precipitation, higher temperatures, and the conversion o

157 Analysis of daily precipitation in 30 GCMs reveals patterns in projected h

158 Second, secondary precipitation in brine begins via nucleation kinetics, a

159 The classical model assumes precipitation in contrast with observed "vital effects,"

160 ntial role of intra-annual redistribution of precipitation in regulating ecosystem C cycling in arid

161 xtremes vs. averages, and of temperature vs. precipitation in strength of association with abundance

162 for 43% more phosphate recovery via struvite precipitation in the acetic acid addition synthetic urin

163 titude of models to show CA may receive more precipitation in the future under a business-as-usual sc

164 der the projected seasonal redistribution of precipitation in the future.

165 broad-scale gradients (e.g. temperature and precipitation) in structuring tropical ectothermic assem

166 The boreal winter season-when most of the CA precipitation increase occurs-is associated with robust

167 ng may account for a portion of the observed precipitation increase on Mt.

168 The ranges in annual precipitation increase with the increase in the scenario

169 Precipitation increased detection probability by 43%, an

170 Although precipitation increased plant biomass, direct effects on

171 mers as well as high seasonal variability in precipitation increased the likelihood of tree death.

172 the temperature range observed in SSA, while precipitation increased yields up to a level roughly mat

173 ing (+4 degrees C above ambient) and altered precipitation (increased frequency of 1.2 mm monsoon-typ

174 ons, ranging from extreme drought to extreme precipitation increases into future climate change exper

175 ely driven by ANPP responses to very extreme precipitation increases, although there were limited stu

176 orological drought indices: the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Standardized Precipita

177 h to local soil water profiles determined by precipitation infiltration depth from the top (reflectin

178 ese compounds are propeller-shaped, and upon precipitation into water, readily assembled into stable

179 Combining polyethylene glycol precipitation, iodixanol gradient, and size-exclusion ch

180 quantitative understanding of grain boundary precipitation is important to interpreting intergranular

181 The increase in heavy and extreme precipitation is particularly robust over California, wh

182 Extreme precipitation is predicted to be more frequent and inten

183 g-term negative correlations between AOD and precipitation, it did not significantly affect the posit

184 e spaces that are eventually sealed by CaCO3 precipitation, leading to a loss of gel and capillary na

185 , the harvest year effect was evaluated; the precipitation level in April and May had a significant i

186 ble annual variation in climate patterns and precipitation levels appeared to influence selection by

187 f climate indicators such as temperature and precipitation, making the interpretation of potential ob

188 esponses to adverse effects of more variable precipitation, management strategies that bolster AM fun

189 results from 83 case studies of experimental precipitation manipulations in grasslands worldwide.

190 onate mineral, through a coupled dissolution-precipitation mechanism.

191 od compared to the conventional cold acetone precipitation method.

192 Microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) has been widely researched recently

193 Sulfide mineral precipitation occurs at mid-ocean ridge (MOR) spreading

194 for live hippocampal neuron reactivity, IgG precipitation of (125)I-alphaDTX and (125)I-alphaDTX-lab

195 North America with observed ranges in annual precipitation of 100-1000 mm, annual temperatures of 2-2

196 al scale, OC attains the maximum of 2.29% at precipitation of 800 mm.

197 H conditions that do not favor the inorganic precipitation of aragonite.

198 This preferential precipitation of fluorohydroxyapatite with reduced solub

199 n rust intermediary, prior to the subsequent precipitation of goethite within 24 h.

200 vesicles (MVs) is a fundamental stage in the precipitation of HA, with PHOSPHO1 being identified as t

201 However, the precipitation of insoluble and irreversible sulfide spec

202 ppocampal neurons decreased 4 days after the precipitation of nicotine withdrawal, when the cognitive

203 ound evidence for the concurrent release and precipitation of Pb within a small confined volume.

204 xtraction of C. vulgaris followed by ethanol precipitation of polyphosphate was shown to be superior

205 Strengthening by precipitation of second phase is the guiding principle f

206 monly encountered technical problems such as precipitation of solids ('clogging') and reactor failure

207 or the impact of projected future changes in precipitation on nitrogen loading.

208 assess the influence of warming and altered precipitation on the temporal stability of plant communi

209 sis that increases in winter temperature and precipitation on the wintering grounds would advance pel

210 We find that fluctuations in net precipitation on timescales from hours to years can redu

211 tributions from the deposition of Hg(ii) via precipitation or AMDEs.

212 are not correlated to seasonal variations in precipitation or insolation, but are strongly related to

213 ansion of wetland area, driven by the excess precipitation over the Tropical continents during the La

214 ed to historically high temperatures and low precipitation over the tropics, while the growth rate of

215 chronously with GI-5.1 warming and decreased precipitation over the western equatorial Pacific and At

216 imatic variability (seasonal temperature and precipitation) over the last century through dendrochron

217 cerbate under climate change due to shifting precipitation patterns and rising air temperature.

218 Altered precipitation patterns associated with anthropogenic cli

219 limate change and deforestation have altered precipitation patterns in the Amazon.

220 045 References 1045 As temperatures warm and precipitation patterns shift as a result of climate chan

221 nvironmental change is altering temperature, precipitation patterns, resource availability, and distu

222 s (i.e., event size) consistent with natural precipitation patterns.

223 the additive effects of advanced and delayed precipitation peaks indicate semiarid grasslands will re

224 ing longwave radiation (OLR) and global-mean precipitation per unit surface warming (dP/dTs) for both

225 of thiabendazole using synthesized MIPs via precipitation polymerization.

226 ion decreased after a chemical-free, thermal precipitation pretreatment.

227 layered structure during its dissolution and precipitation process for stabilizing and enhancing its

228 This coupled dissolution-precipitation process that occurs in a boundary layer at

229 that compares well against a compilation of precipitation proxy data, to demonstrate that while asym

230 This makes interpretation of precipitation-proxy records as large-scale rainbelt move

231 restrial net primary productivity (NPP), and precipitation (r(2) = .56), and to create the first high

232 is a direct measure of both dissolution and precipitation reactions across a large range of saturati

233 al supersaturation of constituents and drive precipitation reactions.

234 The new precipitation record suggests significant low latitude h

235 years (defined statistically from historical precipitation records) is increasing, there is a clear n

236 Significant in-phase precipitation reduction across the equator in the tropic

237 Precipitation reduction alters the uptake of shallow sou

238 in pinon pine and juniper trees subjected to precipitation reduction, atmospheric warming, and to bot

239 l and wet summers, both species responded to precipitation reduction, but juniper increased deep wate

240 del setup, crossing the tipping point causes precipitation reductions of up to 40% in non-deforested

241 Changes in precipitation regimes are known to have powerful effects

242 Changing precipitation regimes could have profound influences on

243 lations of precipitation have linked altered precipitation regimes to changes in NPP.

244 Effects of extreme events, precipitation regimes, and seasonality on diseases are s

245 l role of RH as an influencing factor in AOD-precipitation relationship over Southeast Asia.

246 he interfacial structure of R5 during silica precipitation remains poorly understood.

247 esponds to changing seasonal distribution of precipitation remains unclear.

248 Although precipitation responses were least consistent among mode

249 Soil wetting from above (precipitation) results in a characteristically different

250 igning an Al-based alloy through solid state precipitation route that provides a synergistic coupling

251 source of Se and of other trace elements in precipitation samples.

252 air concentrations at Pallas, due to greater precipitation scavenging at lower temperatures.

253 .g. weaning age) and extrinsic factors (e.g. precipitation seasonality within a species geographic ra

254 from the deleterious nutritional effects of precipitation shortfalls, underscoring the role of broad

255 Precipitation shows an increasing trend in the TRB, but

256 uncertainty, our record shows a doubling of precipitation since 1840 CE, with recent values exceedi

257 re largely associated with the variations of precipitation, soil bareness, and surface winds speed.

258 along biotic (life form, genus) and abiotic (precipitation, soil, drainage) gradients.

259 Here, we reconstruct regional changes in precipitation source and seasonality and local changes i

260 The method incorporates a protein precipitation step with trifluoroacetic acid followed by

261 A combined and improved N stripping and P precipitation technique is used in this study.

262 that better simulate the observed El Nino-CA precipitation teleconnection yield larger, and more cons

263 o manipulated gradients of species richness, precipitation, temperature, nitrogen fertilization (N),

264 and have altered patterns of disturbance and precipitation than nearby rural areas.

265 ng from landfills in wet climates (>75 cm/yr precipitation) that contain 47% of U.S. solid waste.

266 larger, and more consistent increases in CA precipitation through the twenty-first century.

267 r cent) decreases the nucleation barrier for precipitation, thus enabling and stabilizing nanoprecipi

268 he largest trees in the world: high ratio of precipitation to evapotranspiration (2.8), moderate mean

269 were evaluated, determining the response of precipitation to external changes over typical basins.

270 reatments (i.e. from -60% to +60% of ambient precipitation to form a drought to wet precipitation gra

271 Epochs, vast subtropical regions had enough precipitation to support rich vegetation and fauna.

272 spiration, temperature, solar radiation, and precipitation together, but nonlinear dynamics of these

273 A field experiment with seven precipitation treatments (i.e. from -60% to +60% of ambi

274 ore which climatic variables (temperature or precipitation) trigger the population responses.

275 We analyze the effect of precipitation type on mercury wet deposition using a new

276 ary experimental approaches for manipulating precipitation under field conditions to inform the desig

277 We estimate quantitative precipitation variability and the high resolution and da

278 Precipitation variability encompasses attributes associa

279 precipitation have been studied intensively, precipitation variability has received less attention, d

280 e find that in the global, multi-model mean, precipitation variability increases 3-4% K(-1) globally,

281 Precipitation variability increases by at least as much

282 Understanding changes in precipitation variability is essential for a complete ex

283 This is because precipitation variability varies >fivefold globally resu

284 cal models relating seasonal temperature and precipitation variables to historical annual fire activi

285 1935 and 1963-1993), significantly lower ASM precipitation was observed compared with that during the

286 increases in leaf area and productivity but precipitation was still adequate, based on the downscale

287 The annual and seasonal changes in precipitation were analyzed for the RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and R

288 We found that temperature and precipitation were key factors driving the nutrients sto

289 The granules are Ga(OH)3 precipitation, which indicates immobilization or limited

290 resolved projections of terrestrial NPP and precipitation while keeping everything else constant, we

291 rojected increases in both total and extreme precipitation, will be especially strong for the Northea

292 tified meteorological information (pressure, precipitation, wind speed, dew point, and temperature) a

293 published LC-HR-MS/MS procedures after urine precipitation with conjugate cleavage (UglucP) or dried

294 The increase of precipitation with elevation is caused by increasing con

295 imple method of isolation of yolkin based on precipitation with ethanol or acetone was developed.

296 otocols that contained steps of acid/ethanol precipitation without heating (Protocols 2 and 3) show l

297 With evidence that the incidence of extreme precipitation years (defined statistically from historic

298 e endorse this approach for imposing extreme precipitation years because it simultaneously alters oth

299 istic studies of naturally occurring extreme precipitation years, combined with results from a relati

300 latively low-cost CDE that simulates extreme precipitation years.

301 tem-specific thresholds for defining extreme precipitation years.