ライフサイエンスコーパス: preparatory

1 Additionally, preparatory activation in bilateral parietal cortex and

2 ccade errors and showed reduced differential preparatory activation in the dACC and increased differe

3 nly, antisaccade error rates correlated with preparatory activation in the FEF, DLPFC, and VLPFC.

4 Greater preparatory activation in the VLPFC and the correlations

5 ation in the dACC and increased differential preparatory activation in the VLPFC.

6 This relationship between preparatory activation of spatial processing networks an

7 est that attentional biases are mediated via preparatory activation of task-relevant perceptual repre

8 clear whether this relationship results from preparatory activation of task-specific networks, or fro

9 In schizophrenia, reduced differential preparatory activation of the dACC may reflect reduced s

10 ree of target specificity that characterized preparatory activation patterns correlated with perceptu

11 participants, we examined the difference in preparatory activation to cues indicating an impending a

12 what extent such areas might be involved in preparatory active control of behavior.

13 ject management systems, front-load critical preparatory activities, and ensure continuous communicat

14 whereas motor cortex showed choice-specific preparatory activity and movement-related activity, cons

15 Preparatory activity appeared first in deep layers of AL

16 In some situations, this preparatory activity can predict how well human subjects

17 A common assumption is that preparatory activity constitutes a subthreshold form of

18 sory and motor tuning curves for premovement preparatory activity do not generally align.

19 or perceptual nature, led to enhanced motor preparatory activity early during movement planning, and

20 We recorded motor preparatory activity from populations of neurons in PMd/

21 ned before they are executed, but how is the preparatory activity in a population of neurons related

22 ed in LTM triggers spatiotopic modulation of preparatory activity in extrastriate visual cortex.

23 during a delayed grasping task revealed that preparatory activity in F5 could explain a threefold lar

24 for grasping, suggesting that variability in preparatory activity in F5 has a more potent effect on t

25 In trials with incorrect S1, preparatory activity in left PMd during the S1-S2 delay

26 d individuals, several studies have reported preparatory activity in retinotopic areas, which enhance

27 hat premotor cortex hemispheres can maintain preparatory activity independently.

28 lts reveal the transformation of distributed preparatory activity into movement commands within hiera

29 premotor cortex, largely accounting for how preparatory activity is attenuated in primary motor cort

30 Here, we show that prestimulus, preparatory activity is highly correlated across regions

31 It is unknown whether this preparatory activity is localized to ALM or widely distr

32 We show that preparatory activity is remarkably robust to large-scale

33 movement, but the nature and purpose of this preparatory activity is unclear.

34 Preparatory activity may mediate this behavioral effect

35 Our results thus suggest that preparatory activity may not represent specific factors,

36 Such preparatory activity occurs in many motor centres in the

37 The preparatory activity of dorsal premotor cortex/primary m

38 d this possibility directly by recording the preparatory activity of single cortical neurons during a

39 ysis of functional MRI (fMRI) data, that the preparatory activity patterns in several frontoparietal

40 These results are expected if preparatory activity provides the initial state of a dyn

41 nal in humans, using a method that separated preparatory activity related to the initial shift of att

42 ents seconds before they occur, but how this preparatory activity relates to upcoming movements is ob

43 Voluntary shifts produced greater preparatory activity than stimulus-driven shifts in the

44 sensory signals add to preexistent biases in preparatory activity to generate the stimulus-evoked res

45 We dissected the conversion of preparatory activity to movement within a structured mot

46 Although preparatory activity was found in both the ACC and mPFC,

47 hat reflects perceptual decisions from motor preparatory activity.

48 l and movement target separation on movement preparatory activity.

49 ting in a similar CNV adjustment and also in preparatory amplitude reduction of beta-band activity.

50 for attended versus unattended locations) in preparatory and evoked activity are more positively corr

51 onal population-level subspaces dedicated to preparatory and movement computations.

52 ally involves the successive applications of preparatory and paint layers to a canvas or other suppor

53 nges during visuomotor adaptation focused on preparatory and perimovement epochs and analyzed trial-a

54 voked response, but the relationship between preparatory and stimulus-evoked BOLD modulations is uncl

55 s suggests that the same mechanisms underlie preparatory and stimulus-evoked BOLD modulations related

56 tion from complex biological samples without preparatory and washing steps.

57 ate cortex (ACC) has been implicated in both preparatory attention (i.e., selecting behaviorally rele

58 Later within a session, better preparatory attention (reflected by less prestimulus Alp

59 set, which is related to the distribution of preparatory attention across the visual field; asymmetry

60 patory neuronal activity in the VTA supports preparatory attention and is implicated in error predict

61 It is well established that preparatory attention improves processing of task-releva

62 nd functional significance of shape-specific preparatory attention in the human brain.

63 uggest that such rhythms accompany states of preparatory attention or vigilance and report simulation

64 ls recorded during the cue-to-target period (preparatory attention) and in response to the task-relev

65 rol (conflict resolution, set switching, and preparatory attention) were assessed during performance

66 he ACC encodes both error-related events and preparatory attention, whereas the mPFC only participate

67 ntion, whereas the mPFC only participates in preparatory attention.

68 r areas, carried behavioral consequences for preparatory attentional control beyond lapses of attenti

69 rain activity to moment-by-moment changes in preparatory attentional control over spatial selection.

70 stimuli, comparatively little is known about preparatory attentional mechanisms for inhibiting expect

71 wed that these animals failed to express the preparatory behavior of pre-ecdysis while directly expre

72 Preparatory BOLD responses also were present in auditory

73 hlight four important aspects of ongoing and preparatory brain activations that differentiate error f

74 The conditioning effects of cTBS on preparatory brain activity were assessed with functional

75 tudy sought to characterize abnormalities in preparatory brain response before aversive pelvic viscer

76 tcomes and engages arousal-related and motor-preparatory brain structures.

77 Preparatory changes in neural activity before the execut

78 ast those on the other trochanter during the preparatory cocking and the propulsive phases of jumping

79 ent, we tested core assumptions underlying a preparatory coding model for attentional bias.

80 visual cortex, but the neural evidence for a preparatory coding model of attention remains incomplete

81 viduals regularly experience fluctuations in preparatory cognitive control that affect performance in

82 prospects were associated with decreases in preparatory cognitive control.

83 s) for the Provisional Technical Secretariat/Preparatory Commission for the Organization for the Proh

84 arget interval, which are assumed to reflect preparatory control mechanisms that mediate attentional

85 to surgery residency successfully complete a preparatory course of blended learning that specifically

86 required response, was always preceded by a preparatory cue.

87 articipating in a national surgical resident preparatory curriculum in 2013 and 2014.

88 articipating in a national surgical resident preparatory curriculum in 2013 and 2014.

89 nd adopted into a national surgical resident preparatory curriculum to prepare senior medical student

90 nd adopted into a national surgical resident preparatory curriculum to prepare senior medical student

91 is that increased neuronal activity during a preparatory delay period would lead to faster reach reac

92 RIS image cube was also used to isolate the preparatory design by mapping the reflectance spectra as

93 In Experiment 3, we use EEG to show that preparatory distractor suppression is associated with a

94 We developed Preparatory Education About Clinical Trials (PRE-ACT), a

95 mized trial of a Web-based educational tool (Preparatory Education About Clinical Trials) designed to

96 rn of response in visual areas is similar to preparatory effects observed during visual selective att

97 cience standardized test scores on a college preparatory examination (ACT) for adolescents by 12 perc

98 n accuracy is explained by a single process (preparatory excitability increase in sensory cortex), wh

99 Preparatory extraction is needed for the identification

100 ntified to the genus and species levels with preparatory extraction than with direct colony testing (

101 For both subgroups, preparatory extraction was superior to direct colony tes

102 nera by comparing direct colony testing with preparatory extraction.

103 ter situations led to a specific increase of preparatory fMRI activity in posterior parietal and dors

104 ing stage, followed by an intermediate stage preparatory for acclimation, and a late stage of new hom

105 nth embryonic cleavage; this is likely to be preparatory for secretion of the hatching enzyme during

106 e protein features a slow vibrational motion preparatory for the transition.

107 (2)/I(2) at 110 degrees C and purified using preparatory GPC.

108 These compounds were purified by preparatory high performance liquid chromatography techn

109 bage anthocyanins were isolated using a semi-preparatory HPLC, dried and weighed.

110 ity of inhibitory mechanisms, asking whether preparatory inhibition affects task-irrelevant muscles.

111 amined whether the strength of the selective preparatory inhibition in each trial was related to reac

112 ents to examine in detail the specificity of preparatory inhibition in humans.

113 Deficits in preparatory inhibition of DBS, including the locus cerul

114 rpretation of the functional significance of preparatory inhibition, one by which inhibition reduces

115 isingly, the greater the amount of selective preparatory inhibition, the faster the reaction time was

116 We propose the use of preparatory instructional videos, followed by instructor

117 response task conditions, with and without a preparatory interval.

118 they had previous experience with any of the preparatory interventions, were sedated, unconscious, he

119 for further tests of the generalizability of preparatory lay theories interventions and of their pote

120 Experiment 1 examined preparatory manual adjustments in grasping objects.

121 cts an active, feature- and effector-general preparatory mechanism for value-based prioritization.

122 They also suggest the existence of a novel preparatory mechanism in the brain that brings additiona

123 To study these preparatory mechanisms, we compared activity in auditory

124 o offer significant opportunities as a novel preparatory method for synthesis and crystal growth of s

125 This technique is a simple preparatory method, which involves deposition of a submo

126 hemical processing, conventional single-cell preparatory methods scale linearly.

127 ased activity in brain regions that underlie preparatory motor actions, including the dorsal anterior

128 Our results show a selective modulation of preparatory motor activity following PA in healthy parti

129 The preparatory motor cortex activity for different movement

130 ecisions are coupled to a specific effector, preparatory motor cortical activity may provide a window

131 More specifically, PA modulated preparatory motor EEG activity over central electrodes i

132 Second, we found the PA effect on preparatory motor EEG activity to dominate in the beta f

133 Processes indicating preparatory motor processes showed no significant change

134 contributes either directly or indirectly to preparatory motor processes which, based on limb proprio

135 This preparatory neural activity consisted of both excitatory

136 In the gaze control system, the dynamics of preparatory neural activity have been well described by

137 We explicitly tested whether preparatory neural activity in premotor neurons of the p

138 ttom-up resource attractors to on-beat times-preparatory neural activity peaks at rhythm-on-beat time

139 with little empirical work directly linking preparatory neural activity to the performance benefits

140 Small variations in preparatory neural activity were predictive of small var

141 f-beat compared with on-beat times, and that preparatory neural activity, previously thought to be dr

142 o inhibit or delay may depend on unconscious preparatory neural activity.

143 ory state, suggesting a mechanistic role for preparatory neural activity.

144 iew of the relationship between single-trial preparatory neural population dynamics and single-trial

145 le sensory responses or as interactions with preparatory or anticipatory processes present before mov

146 odulations in brain activity during both the preparatory period and during target processing.

147 Here, we wondered whether, during the preparatory period before the reach, the brain engaged t

148 During the preparatory period before the reach, we measured how the

149 rding to the task condition already during a preparatory period before the visual cue and the actual

150 ssibly resolve this problem, requires a long preparatory period for stem cell seeding on a scaffold a

151 rrelates of two subprocesses involved in the preparatory period in the context of arbitrary, prelearn

152 Specifically, during a preparatory period preceding stimulus presentation, a st

153 f substantial inhibitory activity during the preparatory period suggests a critical role for inhibiti

154 otor system responds to perturbations in the preparatory period.

155 orthcoming response was inhibited during the preparatory period.

156 ve in anticipation of stimulus onsets during preparatory periods and interacted with a second neural

157 l eating, food enters the pharynx during the preparatory phase before a swallow is initiated, the pat

158 tion steps can be completed in 27 h once the preparatory phase has been carried out; the method is en

159 The final preparatory phase occurs after the peak and takeoff happ

160 the first dorsal interosseous muscle in the preparatory phase of a reaction time task where individu

161 corticospinal excitability is altered in the preparatory phase of an upcoming movement when there is

162 video recordings, we found that the initial preparatory phase of jumps occurs on average during the

163 de the "mixing" type of movements during the preparatory phase of propulsion.

164 nd risks of a treatment combining an initial preparatory phase of skills training in affect and inter

165 Deglutitive glottal function during the preparatory phase of swallowing and its coordination wit

166 ulated in a task-dependent manner during the preparatory phase of upcoming movements in humans.

167 ulated in a task-dependent manner during the preparatory phase of upcoming movements in humans.

168 ronic incomplete SCI are also present in the preparatory phase of upcoming movements.

169 l transmission after human SCI extend to the preparatory phase of upcoming movements.

170 tion of antagonistic leg muscles, a required preparatory phase, was triggered after the DCMD firing r

171 nt in a gradient program with three parts: a preparatory phase, which allows binding of analytes to c

172 Both the initial and the final preparatory phases and takeoff are triggered when the ap

173 aration, and may reflect the optimization of preparatory population activity.

174 neural activity was related to the level of preparatory (precue) attention and subsequent correct or

175 rsions in 28 degrees C water after different preparatory procedures.

176 lumes (<3 muL) which are compatible with DNA preparatory procedures.

177 explained by the variability in endogenous, preparatory processes and that BOLD signals can be used

178 ion to the two accumulators representing the preparatory processes of initial and final motor plans,

179 It is concluded that, although the preparatory processes underlying saccade programming and

180 Preparatory processes were investigated using both behav

181 of force production but has little effect on preparatory processes.

182 ans were selected and grouped according to 3 preparatory protocols (50 consecutive scans per group):

183 The aim of this study was to compare the 3 preparatory protocols used in our institution.

184 was performed with a magnetization transfer preparatory pulse (prepulsed), three-dimensional Fourier

185 h-hold, cardiac-triggered STIR sequence with preparatory radio-frequency pulses to eliminate signal f

186 , independently from the administration of a preparatory regimen and from the presence of a disease s

187 plantation outcomes were not affected by the preparatory regimen or donor source.

188 t source (3 transplants) used as part of the preparatory regimen were performed at the Barbara Ann Ka

189 hosphamide, and alemtuzumab were used as the preparatory regimen.

190 ately after myelosuppressive chemotherapy or preparatory regimens for autologous bone marrow transpla

191 tients receiving rabbit ATG as part of their preparatory regimens require close monitoring of the EBV

192 heterogeneity of the patient population and preparatory regimens, all showed rapid and consistent de

193 Three preparatory regimens, selected on the basis of prior the

194 tment with myeloablative or nonmyeloablative preparatory regimens.

195 es were seen in survival data with the three preparatory regimens.

196 ectivity of limbic regions influencing motor preparatory regions during states of arousal may underli

197 Such low-cost synchronizations may represent preparatory resources that facilitate subsequent perform

198 nergy metabolism may be related to a general preparatory response, observed for decreasing growth rat

199 nse preparation, revealed that task-specific preparatory responses are preserved during sleep.

200 In fact, this relationship accounted for preparatory responses better than did traditional tuning

201 Anticipation is an adaptive process, aiding preparatory responses to potentially threatening events.

202 suggesting that these cells may also play a preparatory role for micturition.

203 This finding suggests a preparatory role for RM on and off cells in enhancing re

204 Furthermore, preparatory S1-S2 activity in left PMd no longer predict

205 rior to turning, PD made less frequent early preparatory saccades than controls (p =.012).

206 ytochrome c oxidase assembly intermediate in preparatory scale from coa1Delta mutant cells, using Mss

207 nomic viability enables deoxyfluorination on preparatory scale.

208 ained if the neural activity involved in the preparatory set directs plasticity.

209 n anticipation of a sensory stimulus, or the preparatory set, can direct plasticity so that changes c

210 results suggest a clear dissociation in the preparatory-set period between the more abstract role of

211 al shift task demonstrated that there was no preparatory shift of memorized object location towards t

212 nal magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to map preparatory signals for attending, looking, and pointing

213 ramatically improves the accuracy with which preparatory signals predict the locus of attention, larg

214 tion to output motor signals, vM1 also sends preparatory signals to vS1 that serve to amplify and sha

215 ization, implicating microtubules during the preparatory stage of enucleation, whereas NSC23766 led t

216 ual object recognition: an early, presumably preparatory stage that is not category selective occurri

217 degeneration (WD) is considered an essential preparatory stage to the process of axonal regeneration.

218 Andes now yield tantalizing evidence of the preparatory stages leading to Inca ritual killing as rep

219 We investigated whether this preparatory state (more precisely, prepare-and-hold stat

220 plysia and develop an in vitro analog of the preparatory state for feeding behaviors.

221 We demonstrate, however, that the preparatory state is maintained through MCC-independent

222 We provide evidence that the change in the preparatory state may be elicited initially by activity

223 coding and maintenance, and in maintaining a preparatory state, and ventrolateral PFC activation was

224 litude and phase followed naturally from the preparatory state, suggesting a mechanistic role for pre

225 imuli has been attributed to a change in the preparatory state.

226 erating network to mediate the change in the preparatory state.

227 teract to elicit and maintain changes in the preparatory states in the CNS.

228 ircuit, as a likely candidate for organizing preparatory states in visual cortex according to the con

229 ingle-strand annealing reaction and may be a preparatory step for further DNA repair in wild-type D.

230 tless conductivity detection with the single preparatory step of dilution or suspension in sample buf

231 ssed if needed, but there is a short-latency preparatory step that is performed prior to movement eve

232 These findings support the hypothesis that a preparatory step to lymphocyte transmigration involves s

233 genes involved in cell wall expansion, as a preparatory step toward drought acclimation by the adjus

234 lular analysis typically requires lysis as a preparatory step, which can alter the results of downstr

235 MRR system, we show that with minimal sample preparatory steps and without any chemical or immunolabe

236 During the equilibration and preparatory steps in which the protein was held fixed, w

237 e degradation products that arose during the preparatory steps required for RNA-seq.

238 INTERPRETATION: Findings from preparatory studies have shown that AIMS is acceptable,

239 The calibration and preparatory studies take at least 8 d, and the steps to

240 Despite orthogonality, responses in the preparatory subspace were lawfully related to subsequent

241 potential patients with RMP to take adequate preparatory surgical and therapeutic measures.

242 First, a non-specific "preparatory" system learns aversive facial expressions a

243 The convenience and short preparatory time of this assay make it comparable to con

244 l epithelial cells (VECs) by trichomonads is preparatory to colonization of the vagina.

245 However, events preparatory to Elk-1 phosphorylation are less well under

246 e interaction with FR-alpha mRNA cis-element preparatory to FR up-regulation.

247 of [(18)F]FHBG in healthy human volunteers, preparatory to imaging patients undergoing HSV1-tk gene

248 o a distinct formative phase of pluripotency preparatory to lineage priming.

249 e, we have found prebinding sites, which are preparatory to reach the final binding mode.

250 data have been de-identified, or in reviews preparatory to research).

251 ing that syntillas are not involved in steps preparatory to spontaneous exocytosis.

252 Yet, somewhat paradoxically, preparatory tuning could be captured by a preferred dire

253 it was not: at the level of a single neuron, preparatory tuning was weakly correlated with movement-p

254 estimulus period, and are slightly larger in preparatory versus stimulus-evoked activity.

255 was developed to meet agreed objectives and preparatory work included a review of the criteria for h

256 hroughput microfluidic chips require complex preparatory work.