ライフサイエンスコーパス: projection to

1 Projections to 2060 indicate loss of an additional 286 k

2 historical hindcasts (1850-2005) and future projections to 2100 following representative concentrati

3 of inputs from the ventral parietal cortex: projections to 6DR originated preferentially from caudal

4 s showed that the locations of ganglion cell projections to a mouse salivary gland related to the ide

5 w that a specific subset of superficial mPFC projections to a subfield of nucleus accumbens (NAc) neu

6 hial nucleus (PB), which sends glutamatergic projections to a variety of forebrain structures critica

7 These results demonstrate that patterns of projections to A1 are modified following deafness, with

8 ne this, we identified cortical and thalamic projections to A1 in hearing cats and those with early-

9 idence for small-scale crossmodal changes in projections to A1 that differ between early- and late-on

10 n following early or late deafness, afferent projections to AAF were examined in hearing cats, and ca

11 In contrast, aCA2/CA3 projections to aCA1 mediate discrimination of non-social

12 ifferences (medial prefrontal cortex and its projections to accumbens) in the neural mechanisms of co

13 igue and the responsiveness of corticospinal projections to an arm muscle.

14 e of reciprocal connections with overlapping projections to and from discrete regions within the post

15 The broadly-distributed, non-topographic projections to and from the olfactory cortex may suggest

16 ed presynaptic Ca(2+) influx in motor cortex projections to, and excitatory transmission in, the DLS.

17 , an abnormal sensitivity of thalamocortical projections to antipsychotics, and an abnormal acoustic-

18 hypersensitivity of auditory thalamocortical projections to antipsychotics.

19 Somatosensory projections to area 6Va were generally stronger than tho

20 found that the claustral territories sending projections to areas PE and PEc partially overlapped zon

21 tly distinct subregions showing preferential projections to areas respectively involved in grapheme-p

22 orm surges with probabilistic sea-level rise projections to assess future coastal inundation in New Y

23 a and underline the need for high-resolution projections to assess local climate change.

24 ught to generate anxiety-like states via its projections to autonomic and neuroendocrine regulatory s

25 in mPFC, we optogenetically stimulated mPFC projections to basolateral amygdala or nucleus accumbens

26 he mPOA modulates cocaine responsiveness via projections to both dopaminergic and GABAergic neurons i

27 exception of Type 2 GABAergic neurons, sent projections to both reproductive and defensive hypothala

28 KEY POINTS: There are serotonergic projections to both the main (MOB) and the accessory olf

29 gdala modulates memory consolidation via its projections to brain regions involved in processing diff

30 n to the caudal medulla primarily and axonal projections to brainstem motor nuclei most prominently,

31 understood, and the relative extent of these projections to brainstem targets is unknown.

32 e for the presence of noncanonical subicular projections to CA1.

33 although the contribution of these indirect projections to circadian photoreception is currently poo

34 ic life-cycle approach to make species-level projections to climate change.

35 es the prevailing dictum that BF cholinergic projections to cortex directly control wakefulness and i

36 eep and wakefulness, implicating cholinergic projections to cortex in wake promotion.

37 l and ventromedial nuclei, whereas the major projections to CWA are from the ventral anterior, ventro

38 ts indicate functional modifications of RMTg projections to DA neurons that might impact the reward/a

39 We show that afferent axonal projections to Dbx1 preBotC neurons undergo activity-dep

40 sin-2 in MCH neurons and photostimulated MCH projections to determine their effect on LS activity.

41 nsely innervate the lung and send long-range projections to different brainstem targets.

42 tes, V1 layers (L)2/3 and 4B send segregated projections to distinct cytochrome oxidase (CO) stripes

43 involving DeltaFosB and CCK through cortical projections to distinct subcortical targets.

44 We imaged OFC axonal projections to dmPFC during training in a multiple choic

45 nvigorated behavioral state conveyed via LHA projections to downstream reward and feeding-specific ci

46 ergic) neurons, controls fear expression via projections to downstream targets in the hypothalamus an

47 Overall, the pattern of cortical projections to DZ was similar in both hearing and deafen

48 een these structures, it is unclear how mPFC projections to each subcortical structure, as well as pr

49 omatosensory and subicular areas barely send projections to either ipsi- or contralateral claustrum.

50 vity in genetically and connectivity-defined projections to elucidate the real-time role of specified

51 n medium spiny striatal neurons and in their projections to entopeduncular nucleus/substantia nigra a

52 GMP catabolism, is downregulated in striatal projections to entopeduncular nucleus/substantia nigra,

53 We used mid-century climate change projections to estimate that the timing of phenological

54 We use modeled climate projections to estimate the contribution of anthropogeni

55 zed set of climate change model simulations) projections to estimate the excess morbidity and mortali

56 ility, and costs were combined with lifetime projections to evaluate lifetime cost-effectiveness of t

57 iated inactivation of OFC-->BLA or BLA-->OFC projections to evaluate their respective contributions t

58 Comparison of these projections to experiments in vivo indicates that synerg

59 DYT1 mice, PDE10A is upregulated in striatal projections to globus pallidus, preferentially expressin

60 in the hypothalamic nucleus and send axonal projections to gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons an

61 ng lactation, the formation of POMC and AgRP projections to hypothalamic target sites is severely imp

62 nce of sound input through corticocollicular projections to ICx.

63 rface in some cases and showed that feedback projections to individual digits overlapped extensively

64 dingly, we present scenario-based stochastic projections to inform conservation actions that may help

65 onnection with CeM, the CeL sends long-range projections to innervate extra-amygdala areas.

66 D3-receptor-expressing neurons send axonal projections to intratelencephalic (IT) targets, includin

67 l as adjacent nidopallial areas, send axonal projections to ipsilateral Av; Av in turn projects to co

68 Orthogonal projection to latent structures by partial least square

69 Projection to latent structures by partial least squares

70 An orthogonal projection to latent structures model was constructed fr

71 Data analysis by post-transformation of projection to latent structures regression (ptPLS2) clar

72 dditional parameter in supervised orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis.

73 Orthogonal projections to latent structures modeling identified a s

74 After statistical analysis and orthogonal projections to latent structures multivariate modeling,

75 Orthogonal Projections to Latent Structures provided signals of sig

76 An orthogonal projections to latent structures-discriminant analysis (

77 Orthogonal projections to latent structures-discriminant analysis (

78 inence and suggest a role of accumbens shell projections to LH in this form of relapse.

79 f retinal ganglion cells are involved in the projections to LM, nBOR, the optic tectum, and the anter

80 However, the functional role of the PoS projection to LMN has not been tested.

81 The PoS provides return projections to LMN and ADN and is responsible for the la

82 results show that POR provides an excitatory projection to MEC, differing fundamentally from the inhi

83 te the comparatively more dense ascending NI projections to medial septum and hippocampus.

84 aversive stimuli and sends robust inhibitory projections to midbrain dopamine neurons, leading to the

85 us-norepinephrine system, which send diffuse projections to most parts of the forebrain.

86 the functional relevance of V5-V1 reentrant projections to motion perception and their plasticity.

87 hibition during REM sleep through descending projections to motor-related glycinergic/GABAergic neuro

88 Tbr2 mutant mice have reduced retinal projections to non-image-forming nuclei and an attenuate

89 Here, we studied the role of projections to nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell from ventra

90 mpal CA1 (vCA1) neurons of a mouse and their projections to nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell play a nece

91 Prelimbic cortex (PL) projections to nucleus accumbens core (NAcC) uniquely ex

92 ole of ventral subiculum and potentially its projections to nucleus accumbens in context-induced rela

93 pathway in songbirds, by showing that visual projections to nucleus uvaeformis (Uva) of the posterior

94 athway in songbirds , by showing that visual projections to nucleus uvaeformis (Uva) of the posterior

95 or rapid post-acquisition alignment of these projections to obtain high quality three-dimensional ima

96 L cells showed that they send profuse axonal projections to olfactory cortical areas, but not to the

97 n patterns, and topography of the entorhinal projections to other fields of the adult hippocampal for

98 ctory bulb (OB), little is known about their projections to other olfactory regions.

99 urons within the pBNST send dense inhibitory projections to other stress-related brain regions (for e

100 ement tuning is determined by the pattern of projections to output neurons and may even be uncorrelat

101 t, for neurons that only affect movement via projections to output neurons, the relationship between

102 Both populations of neurons have extensive projections to overlapping regions of the thalamus, hypo

103 obutyric acid (GABA) neurons or their axonal projections to paraventricular thalamus (PVT) excitatory

104 can significantly change the ability of our projections to perform their required function, making t

105 lored the possibility of altering descending projections to phrenic motoneurons (PMNs) using noninvas

106 istochemical processing proved that most ZIv projections to POm are GABAergic.

107 The primate amygdala sends dense projections to posterior orbitofrontal cortex (pOFC) in

108 combine this information with climate change projections to postulate about the likely impacts on nec

109 striatum, but much less is known about their projections to prefrontal cortex (PFC).

110 evidence for ARTR mutual inhibition and ARTR projections to premotor neurons.

111 niocellular lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) projection to primary visual cortex (V1).

112 , layer 4, and via their long-range feedback projections to primary sensory thalamic nuclei.

113 We characterized the refinement of feedback projections to primary visual cortex (V1) from multiple

114 We compared the integrated projections to projections from the empirical climatic n

115 require a novel class of thin, fast cellular projection to promote Delta-Notch signaling over long di

116 We conclude that ipsilateral projections to proximal arm muscles can be selectively m

117 al expression in nerve terminals of cortical projections to RA from the lateral magnocellular nucleus

118 The terminals then extend along the projections to reach appropriately matched presynaptic s

119 We then use the method of filtered back-projection to reconstruct the cathodoluminescence intens

120 ut and passive coping behavior via divergent projections to regions of the hypothalamus and midbrain.

121 Our injections revealed strong projections to representations of the tongue and teeth f

122 ts showed that the vLPFC displays a moderate projection to rostral area TE and the dorsomedial portio

123 Projections to "rUva" resulted from injections of biotin

124 Thus, the PVN and its projection to rVLM are important in processing acupunctu

125 ons constitute a wide range of contralateral projections to sensorimotor and limbic structures.

126 euron survival and establishment of neuronal projections to sensory epithelia in the embryonic inner

127 metabolism and reproduction because of their projections to several brain areas both in and outside o

128 ed on MMR estimates for 2015, we constructed projections to show the requirements for the Sustainable

129 Projections to SNc were found to originate from patch/ex

130 Each RGC type sends axon projections to specific brain areas that execute light-d

131 n drive reinforcement learning through their projections to striatum, but much less is known about th

132 o complex motor behaviors through its output projections to target areas.

133 d on pMFC-induced recruitment of cholinergic projections to task-relevant sensory areas.

134 mic neurons of layer 6 send a dense feedback projection to thalamic nuclei that provide input to sens

135 contributes to motor performance through its projections to thalamic motor relay centers, including t

136 G-projecting VMHdm/c neurons send collateral projection to the AHN and vice versa.

137 f Nrp2(+) MCs to the PV MOB and their axonal projection to the anterior MeA.

138 brain cholinergic (BFc) neurons send a dense projection to the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (B

139 om the VMHdm/c, we demonstrated that VMHdm/c projection to the dorsolateral periaqueductal gray (dlPA

140 The corticobulbar projection to the hypoglossal nucleus was studied from t

141 rgic neurons send a functional glutamatergic projection to the LHb, a brain region involved in proces

142 The ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) projection to the nucleus accumbens shell is important f

143 xist in the GT: one that generates an axonal projection to the optic tectum (TeO), LM, GLv, and n.

144 xist in the GT: one that generates an axonal projection to the optic tectum (TeO), LM, GLv, and n. in

145 With the exception of a weak projection to the postrhinal cortex, projections to the

146 te that the cMRF provides a dense, bilateral projection to the region of the medial rectus C-group mo

147 on prey, was mediated by a central amygdala projection to the reticular formation in the brainstem.

148 We recently demonstrated a bilateral projection to the supraoculomotor area from the central

149 In addition to the projection to the TeO, cells in FRLx send, via collatera

150 ighlight an essential role for the amygdalar projection to the ventral striatum in aversively motivat

151 The lateral hypothalamic (LH) projection to the ventral tegmental area (VTA) has been

152 corticolimbic reward circuits, and its dense projection to the ventral tegmental area (VTA) regulates

153 Thus, LS projection to the ventromedial hypothalamic area represe

154 e investigation to a specific CeMA GABAergic projection to the vmPFC.

155 ort a neural mechanism where PAM neuron send projections to the alpha' and beta' lobes of a higher br

156 o previous report has described overall 5-HT projections to the amygdala in the rat.

157 ractive dorsal raphe nucleus with overactive projections to the amygdala, periaqueductal grey and str

158 ties equivalent to native MSNs, and extended projections to the anatomical targets of MSNs.

159 in part, from claustrum and/or peri-insular projections to the anterior cingulate and medial prefron

160 rn of AR immunoreactivity or of the afferent projections to the AR- nucleus were observed.

161 Likewise, stimulation of MLR projections to the basal forebrain also enhanced cortica

162 late locomotion indirectly through ascending projections to the basal ganglia that project down to br

163 measure c-fos expression in infralimbic (IL) projections to the basolateral area of the amygdala (BLA

164 he current studies identified sources of NPY projections to the BLA by using a combination of anatomi

165 s used to identify the precise origin of NPY projections to the BLA.

166 Specifically, 5-HT(DRN) projections to the BNST, via actions at 5-HT2C receptors

167 r results highlight how CeAL CRF neurons and projections to the BNSTDL consolidate longer-lasting com

168 to examine the role of CeAL CRF neurons and projections to the BNSTDL during the acquisition of cont

169 Thus, cortico-fugal projections to the brainstem enable the visual cortex, a

170 Corticocortical projections to the caudal and rostral areas of dorsal pr

171 ed effect of these two populations via their projections to the caudal fastigial nucleus, and uncover

172 lude that most cortical areas send bilateral projections to the claustrum, the majority being denser

173 te and the secondary motor areas send denser projections to the contralateral claustrum than to the i

174 synaptic inputs depending on their specific projections to the core and shell subterritories of the

175 The precise distribution of thalamic projections to the cortex is poorly characterized, parti

176 s also the only RGC target that sends direct projections to the cortex.

177 ally projecting raphe nuclei increased their projections to the cortically denervated cervical hemico

178 These descending projections to the DCN from the IC were topographic and

179 gic positive cells in the IC, and descending projections to the DCN were colabeled with antibodies ag

180 These neurons send GABAergic projections to the deep layers of the orofacial region o

181 the synaptic arrangements of striate cortex projections to the dLGN, Pv, and claustrum, using antero

182 mice that specifically lack cortical layer 6 projections to the dLGN.

183 are inconsistent with visual stream-specific projections to the dLGN.

184 assess presynaptic Ca(2+) in corticostriatal projections to the DLS.

185 we report that sleep-promoting neurons with projections to the dorsal fan-shaped body (FB) form the

186 These neurons send dense projections to the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN).

187 All four subdivisions of OFC give rise to projections to the dorsolateral parts of the lateral ent

188 In contrast, RMTg projections to the DR were more robust, emerged from RMT

189 rganization and transmitter phenotype of LHb projections to the DR, direct and indirect via the RMTg,

190 We found only moderate direct LHb projections to the DR, which mainly emerged from the LHb

191 n (BF) modulates cortical activation via its projections to the entire cortical mantle.

192 basal forebrain (BF) houses major ascending projections to the entire neocortex that have long been

193 ost exclusively glutamatergic and send dense projections to the exterior portion of the median eminen

194 vations in the excitability of corticospinal projections to the forearm were observed for a range of

195 on, we proposed that changes in serotonergic projections to the forebrain also contribute to response

196 l trigeminal nucleus (PrV) and its ascending projections to the forebrain.

197 ial nucleus (PbN) in the brainstem and sends projections to the gustatory cortex (GC).

198 e brainstem controls motor output via axonal projections to the hindbrain and spinal cord.

199 of frequencies, whereas activation of their projections to the hippocampus through fornix stimulatio

200 active median raphe nucleus with underactive projections to the hippocampus.

201 We conclude that 1) catecholaminergic projections to the hypothalamus provide essential inform

202 ood pressure through their direct excitatory projections to the intermediolateral (IML) cell column.

203 ow that GLP-1 excites medial habenular (MHb) projections to the interpeduncular nucleus (IPN).

204 The projections to the lateral entorhinal cortex displayed a

205 area (LHA) glutamatergic neurons, and their projections to the lateral habenula (LHb), negatively re

206 recently shown to influence feeding via its projections to the lateral hypothalamus (LH).

207 n activates nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) projections to the lateral parabrachial nucleus (lPBN) a

208 A comprehensive description of insular projections to the latter region is lacking.

209 Thus, PFC projections to the LHb may represent an important part o

210 ral tracing to show that a subset of retinal projections to the LP derive from melanopsin-expressing

211 Descending facial lobe projections to the medial funicular nucleus were also no

212 val of emotional memory involves hippocampal projections to the medial prefrontal cortex and amygdala

213 Using it, we have identified major projections to the mesolimbic dopamine circuit from the

214 ial tegmental nucleus (RMTg), displays dense projections to the midbrain and exerts electrophysiologi

215 In contrast, prey pursuit was mediated by projections to the midbrain periaqueductal gray matter.

216 a role for cortex-and its little-understood projections to the midbrain-in modulating meta-adaptatio

217 racing, we show that the MLR sends bilateral projections to the middle reticular nucleus (mRN, rostra

218 tual loss of 5HT neurons in the DRif and its projections to the mPFC as evidenced by fewer labeled ce

219 ns, their role on mPFC physiology and on BLA projections to the mPFC remains unclear.

220 rebrain cholinergic neurons and their axonal projections to the mPFC.

221 ecreases in 5HT soma within the DRif and its projections to the mPFC.

222 amygdala and infralimbic prefrontal cortical projections to the NAc, a portion of cocaine-generated s

223 ng function of the PFC is likely mediated by projections to the NAc.

224 basolateral amygdala (BLA) sends excitatory projections to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and regulates

225 refrontal cortex (PFC) and its glutamatergic projections to the nucleus accumbens (NAc).

226 bserved when we manipulated the serotonergic projections to the nucleus accumbens (NAc).

227 ne neurons grouped according to their axonal projections to the nucleus accumbens or dorsal striatum

228 n activating Gq-DREADD to vmPFC and/or vmPFC projections to the nucleus accumbens shell allows the ch

229 olling mesolimbic activity via glutamatergic projections to the nucleus accumbens.

230 erned by dopaminergic ventral tegmental area projections to the nucleus accumbens.

231 gation of these pathways in their subsequent projections to the nucleus ovoidalis (Ov) in the thalamu

232 ls both send major bilateral, nontopographic projections to the nucleus rotundus and caudal pulvinar,

233 ptogenetic stimulation of olfactory cortical projections to the OB showed that learning strengthens t

234 gra, sends dense intra- and interhemispheric projections to the OFC, which in turn has reciprocal bi-

235 Brn3b(+) Ret(+) RGCs shows minor ipsilateral projections to the olivary pretectal nucleus and the LGN

236 Suprisingly, the SNr has only ipsilateral projections to the optic tectum, and these are non-GABAe

237 neity of the BF, we mapped the pattern of BF projections to the orexin neurons across multiple BF reg

238 negative-valence signal is transmitted along projections to the organum vasculosum of the lamina term

239 non, we identified the thalamic and cortical projections to the PAF in hearing cats and those with ea

240 he inputs from the prefrontal cortex and the projections to the PAG and brainstem can be studied with

241 raphical and laminar organization of insular projections to the parahippocampal region in the rat wit

242 SSNA), arterial pressure, and heart rate via projections to the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and dor

243 ressing neurons in the hindbrain send robust projections to the paraventricular nucleus of the hypoth

244 Projections to the perirhinal cortex primarily targeted

245 The BLA sends prominent glutamatergic projections to the PFC, but the overall influence of the

246 l retrograde tracing showed that the rostral projections to the pons and midbrain and caudal projecti

247 ly overlapped zones previously shown to form projections to the posterior parietal, somatosensory, vi

248 urons of the offspring prevents altered POMC projections to the preautonomic paraventricular nucleus

249 iral-mediated retrograde activation, that PB projections to the preoptic-basal forebrain and lateral

250 and nucleus basalis of Meynert, and efferent projections to the putamen.

251 Taken together with prior studies of IP projections to the raphe, these results form an emerging

252 a weak projection to the postrhinal cortex, projections to the remaining parahippocampal areas were

253 We hypothesized that the PVN and its projections to the rVLM participate in the EA-modulation

254 m that this preparation retains intact optic projections to the SCN, thalamus and pretectum and a fun

255 There are two primary feedforward projections to the secondary visual cortex (V2), one fro

256 on cell interneurons with superficial axonal projections to the sensory input layer of the MOB.

257 f the lateral recess gave rise to descending projections to the SGN/V and the vagal lobe.

258 jections to the pons and midbrain and caudal projections to the spinal cord originate from separate v

259 h-negative neighbors and sends glutamatergic projections to the spinal cord.

260 th the arrival and maturation of supraspinal projections to the spinal cord.

261 by a network of brain regions via descending projections to the spinal dorsal horn [1].

262 acing method in the rat: 1) whether cortical projections to the STN and ZI have independent functiona

263 l evidence that a circuit involving cortical projections to the striatum and midbrain may underlie th

264 , narrower dynamic ranges, and make stronger projections to the striatum and substantia nigra pars co

265 r afterhyperpolarizations, and make stronger projections to the subthalamic nucleus and parafascicula

266 the lateral geniculate nucleus, and efferent projections to the superficial and intermediate layers o

267 alculate the effect of localizer radiography projections to the total radiation dose, including both

268 Both cell types send GABAergic projections to the ventral pallidum and were found to di

269 er at axon collaterals from iMSNs than their projections to the ventral pallidum.

270 re does not apply to mouse nucleus accumbens projections to the ventral pallidum.

271 an drive motivated behavior via the amygdala projections to the ventral striatum or the ventral tegme

272 ecent studies of the LHb have focused on its projections to the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and rost

273 moment of shock delivery and was mediated by projections to the ventral tegmental area, which is cons

274 um, known to be dopaminergic, send ascending projections to the ventral telencephalon and prominent d

275 ly, NTS(HSD2) neurons stimulate appetite via projections to the vlBNST, which is also the effector si

276 food reward and consumption; yet, LHA (GABA) projections to the VTA exclusively modulated food consum

277 ens (NAc) provides one of the most prominent projections to the VTA; however, recent studies have pro

278 ain, thus providing both direct and indirect projections, to the striatal complex.

279 The projections: to the superior colliculus, accessory optic

280 ding the mechanisms that wire retinal axonal projections to their appropriate central targets.

281 steroid hormone levels, and send long axonal projections to their target nucleus, the robust nucleus

282 We show that a subset of retinal projections to these regions derive from melanopsin-expr

283 We compare our projections to those from the United Nations' Probabilis

284 erneuron populations use specific anatomical projections to transform sensations into reflexive actio

285 vered pathway from the amygdala sends robust projections to TRN.

286 eference-based algorithm (called constrained projection) to two non-constrained approaches including

287 l accounted for by a model assuming thalamic projections to two cortical layer-4 cell populations: on

288 We examine the evidence and analyze modeling projections to understand how these two dynamics affect

289 inhibit, the responsiveness of corticospinal projections to upper limb muscles.

290 We found that the principle feedback projection to V1 originating from the lateral medial are

291 4B output neurons, just like their extrinsic projections to V2, preserve CO streams.

292 pyramidal tract neurons (PTs) - send axonal projections to various subcortical areas.

293 dies have reported that the IP has ascending projections to ventral forebrain structures, we find tha

294 major ascending projections, including focal projections to ventral hippocampus, ventrolateral septum

295 gin of multiple output pathways, with strong projections to ventral tegmental area (VTA), subthalamic

296 , X-ray radiography captures sequences of 2D projections to visualize morphological dynamics, but for

297 ntral telencephalon and prominent descending projections to vocal-acoustic integration sites, notably

298 ontine tegmental nucleus sends glutamatergic projections to VTA dopamine neurons, and that stimulatio

299 in reinforcement, with an emphasis on their projections to VTA dopamine neurons.

300 We found that projections to VTA from the rostral ventral pallidum (RV