ライフサイエンスコーパス: protonate

1 s, and none of the surface-bound O atoms are protonated.

2 t pH 5.0 and 8.3, and the cofactor is doubly protonated.

3 gen, which covalently binds the coenzyme, is protonated.

4 ated, whereas plastoquinone B is reduced and protonated.

5 100-200 ns before the proton-loading site is protonated.

6 The addition of HONO (8) to protonated 1-phenylpropyne (18) is calculated to follow

7 Modeling both a solvated and a protonated (110) goethite surface provided a major break

8 HCOOH then protonates 5 to give formate and a neutral complex, 4, w

9 situation was observed for a multiply folded protonated 8 + 8 macrocycle which binds six sulfate anio

10 g transition states wherein a chiral (R)-SPA protonates a dirhodium-bound enol intermediate.

11 molog, but by proton return from the earlier protonated acceptor, preventing vectorial proton translo

12 e via AQP9 than given by the fraction of the protonated acid substrate at a certain pH.

13 Whereas beta-epoxide ABPs require a protonated acid/base for irreversible inhibition of reta

14 arkable resistance to oxidation and powerful protonating acids, and freeze yarn untwist.

15 he oxido ligand that aids in stabilizing the protonated adduct.

16 By protonating alkanes at room temperature, the reactivity

17 Upon activation in the gas phase, protonated alkyl dihydrocinnamates undergo an alcohol lo

18 Transformation of the dyes into protonated amidinium salts leads to narrower band gaps a

19 Additionally, the location of the protonated amine along the MDA multimer was found to inf

20 Hydration of a protonated amine and a neutral carboxylic acid were inve

21 electrophile is activated by the catalyst's protonated amine and that the nucleophile binds to the t

22 L(-) and Cu2L2(2-)) directly interacted with protonated amine sites via electrostatic attraction, and

23 Deprotonation of the thiol gives a protonated amine that activates the electrophile by Bron

24 e competition between hydration of a primary protonated amine vs that of a neutral carboxylic acid an

25 ollowed as protonated species (CI)H(+) using protonated amines as reagent ions.

26 on of the corresponding amine carbamates and protonated amines that were identified by the (13)C NMR

27 cleavage of H2, Mo hydride complexes bearing protonated amines, [CpMo(H)(CO)(P2N2H)](+), were charact

28 ovide valuable insight into the hydration of protonated amino acids and establish rigorous benchmarks

29 a simple Bronsted acid be prepared that can protonate an alkane at room temperature?

30 intrinsic helix hairpin, the lumenal channel protonates an acidic glutamate in the c-ring rotor.

31 ed by one water molecule and one H(+), which protonates an adjacent aspartate side chain (D240).

32 lso be used to ionize analytes, which formed protonated analyte ions (M + H)(+) in positive ion mode

33 Protonated analyte ions were detected in ESI-only mode,

34 Only protonated analytes with a carboxylic acid, a sulfone, o

35 Some protonated analytes yielded abundant TDMAB adducts that

36 t Asp-299 (homolog to Asp-212 in BR) becomes protonated and Asp-169 (homolog to Asp-85 in BR) undergo

37 Under acidic conditions, when His(12) is protonated and charged, the GWALP23-H12 helix exhibits a

38 Raman spectroscopy discriminates between the protonated and deprotonated forms of the carboxylic acid

39 natural bond orbitals were analyzed for the protonated and deprotonated forms.

40 ality of proton flux as His37 is dynamically protonated and deprotonated in the conduction cycle.

41 An isotopologue approach using both protonated and deuterated 4,4'-bipyridine molecules demo

42 H sensor that, at acidic conditions, becomes protonated and forms an electrostatic pair with Asp(76)

43 g finding is that the central carbon becomes protonated and has to move out of the cavity as a methyl

44 r histidines with two of the four histidines protonated and if other titratable amino acid residues i

45 Phase transfer occurs by dynamic assembly of protonated and neutral amides with [AuCl4 ](-) ions thro

46 organization of granal membrane fragments in protonated and partly deprotonated state has been mapped

47 esponding to the mass difference between the protonated and sodiated dimers.

48 At physiological pH, E623 is un-protonated and TMEM16A is activated when intracellular c

49 vestigated, and Raman bands belonging to the protonated and unprotonated forms of the isoquinoline ri

50 r, under acidic conditions E623 is partially protonated and works synergistically with intracellular

51 -based chromophore switches between neutral (protonated) and charged (deprotonated) states depending

52 rality, juxtaposes its N3 with the O5' to be protonated, and helps create the in-line trajectory requ

53 s), model precursor species such as multiply protonated angiotensin I and ubiquitin dissociated acros

54 iate which undergoes decomposition to form a protonated aniline (TBAH(+) SbF6 (-) ).

55 Crystals of the protonated aniline salt were analyzed by X-ray diffracti

56 en bonds and crystal water positions for the protonated Arg52 residue in free MD simulations and pred

57 th without nuclear quantum effects and for a protonated Arg52.

58 lecules such as tetrahydrofuran and pyridine protonate at the heteroatom and consequently undergo onl

59 M triflic acid/dichloroethane, anthracene is protonated at C9, and the resulting 9-anthracenium ion i

60 actor changes its protonation from quadruply protonated at pH 6.3 to triply protonated at pH 7.3 to d

61 rom quadruply protonated at pH 6.3 to triply protonated at pH 7.3 to doubly protonated at pH 8.3.

62 6.3 to triply protonated at pH 7.3 to doubly protonated at pH 8.3.

63 eaning a substantial population of KP1212 is protonated at physiological pH.

64 s deprotonated at residues E309 and D800 yet protonated at residue E771.

65 This intermediate is protonated at the -CN group to form 8ROT, which then tau

66 ne H/D exchange, whereas ethylbenzene, which protonates at a ring position of the aromatic ring, unde

67 and computational studies show that [H1](+) protonates at sulfur.

68 cyclohexadienes: In solution, it selectively protonates at the ortho position, and the resulting eta(

69 ane undergo acid-base solution chemistry and protonate available base in the diffusion layer.

70 e signals have to be separated from a highly protonated background.

71 e ion-transfer voltammetric detection of the protonated beta-blocker propranolol was explored at arra

72 erimental studies using two UCST-type TRILs, protonated betaine bis(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl)imide ([

73 A 3.2 M solution of protonated betaine bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([H

74 III)H intermediate to Co(II)H, which is then protonated by acid to generate H2.

75 on radical, which is demonstrated to then be protonated by aspartic acid 396 to the neutral radical w

76 form a radical-anion intermediate, which is protonated by the medium to give a neutral radical; (b)

77 The studied compounds are protonated by trifluoroacetic acid at the carbonyl oxyge

78 imensional structure of cryogenically cooled protonated C-terminally methyl esterified leucine enkeph

79 proton transfer from the exocyclic amine of protonated C75 to the nonbridging oxygen of the scissile

80 Here, we examine a variety of protonated carbohydrate structures by gas-phase hydrogen

81 analysis also revealed the absence of other protonated carbon-containing components that would affec

82 the measurement of isotopic fractionation of protonated carbons at natural abundance.

83 Helix stabilization requires the protonated carboxyl group; unexpectedly, this stabilizat

84 The presence of partially protonated carboxylates was found to most significantly

85 yl radicals have been observed both in their protonated cation form and in their unprotonated neutral

86 pending on the counterion, O-protonated or N-protonated cations can be formed, in accord with theoret

87 This causes the otherwise fully protonated chromophore to deprotonate without additional

88 through interaction or entrapment of the non-protonated, circular helical (blue) structure of phycocy

89 ecular nucleophilic attack from Nbeta to the protonated -CN group to form the cyclized intermediate 1

90 A bridge-protonated Co(I) species was ruled out as a catalytic in

91 +)) prior to C-C bond breaking would produce protonated CO2, an energetically inaccessible species th

92 ng as that would lead to formation of doubly protonated CO2.

93 The strongest carborane acid, H(CHB11F11), protonates CO2 while traditional mixed Lewis/Bronsted su

94 The subsequent barriers of protonating *CO2(delta-) to form COOH* and then dissocia

95 In the protonated compounds, the HOMO is primarily localized ov

96 differences in the relative distributions of protonated conformations depending on experimental condi

97 ders of magnitude higher than those of their protonated conjugates (i.e., neutral water and hypochlor

98 ion to remove the acyl group, generating the protonated creatinine [M + H](+) product ion at m/z 114

99 Thus, it is demonstrated that protonated cyclohexanol dimers dehydrate without the for

100 The role of protonated cyclopropane (PCP(+)) structures in carbocati

101 of aspartate, due to a hydrogen-bond between protonated D46 and a catalytic cysteine residue.

102 The (13)C chemical shifts of the protonated derivatives are solely dependent on the out-o

103 e (13)C NMR chemical shift of the parent and protonated derivatives of carbon(II) and carbon(0) bases

104 The X-ray crystal structures of their protonated derivatives show a rich variety of macrocycle

105 ydrocinnamic acid, or rearranges to generate protonated dihydrocinnamic acid and an alkene by a nonsp

106 mics of the phenylalanine (Phe)/serine (Ser) protonated dimer in the gas phase.

107 In the presence of cyclohexanol, its protonated dimers at Bronsted acid sites hinder the adso

108 is substituted with an electron withdrawing protonated dimethylamino group at the para position, hyd

109 r, the intensity of m/z 154 corresponding to protonated dopamine was monitored before and after elect

110 When Asp-59 is protonated during the simulations, Lys-377 preferentiall

111 e of the salt bridge between the USB and the protonated E113 residue, and (iii) change in orientation

112 for a closed conformation in situations with protonated E286.

113 s oligomerization, demonstrating the role of protonated E73 in enhancing dimer formation.

114 We demonstrate that protonated electron-poor O-aryl hydroxylamines give amin

115 a bifunctional base that directly forms an N-protonated enamine species from an oxazolidinone interme

116 t CI, CH2OO, is detectable as an adduct with protonated ethers, preferably with protonated tetrahydro

117 When Sx binds a Cl(-), the protonated Ex moves upward, out of the positive helix ca

118 ution despite a much shorter lifetime of the protonated excited-state complex.

119 The same protonated Fe(IV)-oxo species can be prepared via oxidat

120 he facile reactivity profiles of early stage protonated Fe-N2 and Fe-CN species.

121 (*-)) oxidizing Fe(II) more rapidly than the protonated form (HQ(*)).

122 Superoxide radicals (O2( *-)) and their protonated form (hydroperoxyl radicals, HO2( *)) were de

123 Importantly, the protonated form 1a.H(+) provokes a specific staining of

124 a local anesthetic, is found to adopt in its protonated form at least two populations of distinct str

125 1/2 [TFA] the substrates exist in the doubly protonated form HR2N(+)(CH2)nN(+)R2H, and no reaction wi

126 helical C2-symmetric structure and that its protonated form is the thermodynamic product of the Frie

127 The fact that the N-protonated form of benzocaine can be found in the gas ph

128 , which corresponds to its reaction with the protonated form of the substrate.

129 Molecules were primarily detected in their protonated form or as water/ammonium adducts.

130 The T1 state of the protonated form remains well below S1 (1.5 eV) because o

131 d to wild-type VAO, but predominantly in its protonated form when bound to the variants.

132 l hydrogen bond hinders the oxidation of the protonated form.

133 on-exchange Donnan exclusion membrane in its protonated form.

134 Protonated forms are either of similar or decreased arom

135 ated that hydroxide, hypochlorite, and their protonated forms could react with HANs via nucleophilic

136 Aromaticity of diazaborines and their protonated forms is studied with the aid of four aromati

137 In nitrogen, protonated forms of dimethyl methyl phosphonate (DMMP) a

138 carbon atom of carbenes in their parent and protonated forms will experience more downfield shift, w

139 adelta > 90 ppm) between their free base and protonated forms.

140 tion of two protomeric species: the N- and O-protonated forms.

141 re of RAS presented here strongly supports a protonated gamma-phosphate at physiological pH.

142 g; and (vi) Arg302 comes into proximity with protonated Glu325, causing deprotonation.

143 NMR, we show that as [H(+)] is increased to protonate Gluex and enrich the outward-facing state, a r

144 Upon ring rotation, the protonated glutamate encounters the matrix channel and d

145 on content regarding the glycan structure of protonated glycoconjugates is hindered by the inability

146 1)H-based resonance assignments of the fully protonated heptahelical membrane protein proteorhodopsin

147 salt, which results in the formation of the protonated heterodimer.

148 We suggest that similar protonated high-valent Fe-oxo species may occur in the a

149 Additionally, protonated higher esters of alkyl dihydrocinnamates unde

150 mechanism involves proton transfer from the protonated His365 to the N3' nitrogen of the lesion, whi

151 ich positioning of the catalytically active, protonated His87 through electrostatic interactions with

152 s [(TPB)Fe identical withN-NH2](+), a doubly protonated hydrazido(2-) complex featuring an Fe-to-N tr

153 nd enhanced endosomal escape promoted by the protonated imidazole moieties.

154 iently hydrated when His413 was fixed in its protonated imidazolium state, but its calculated pKa is

155 the periplasmic half-channel is more easily protonated in a manner that halts ATPase-driven rotation

156 gested that the s-triazine ring nitrogen was protonated in the enzyme s-triazine hydrolase (TrzN) whe

157 We find that E374 is protonated in the fully bound state, but removing the Na

158 nerated in amorphous water ice at 3 K, it is protonated instantaneously to give the benzhydryl cation

159 crosecond-long trajectories of E1.H(+)771, a protonated intermediate of the pump populated during SER

160 desorb but also increases the probability of protonated intermediates; the latter effect probably ens

161 The amidine group of PNAAN can be protonated into a hydrophilic amidinium group by dissolv

162 transitions for metaldehyde (177 --> 149 for protonated ion) and atrazine (221 --> 179) were found to

163 filter where two of the four histidines are protonated is more proton-selective than tetrameric filt

164 d E286 is likely facilitated for states with protonated K362 and unprotonated E286, which would in pr

165 d E286 is likely facilitated for states with protonated K362 and unprotonated E286.

166 esting a significant biological role for the protonated KP1212 molecules.

167 Potentiometric studies of protonated L with the series of dianions from succinate

168 We conclude that protonated LacY binds D-galactopyranosides specifically,

169 ry (MS) revealed that the molecular mass of (protonated) legiobactin is 437.140 Da.

170 eric and electronic parameters of the parent protonated ligands; it is described by the mutual contri

171 eutral carboxylic acid were investigated for protonated m-aminobenzoic acid (MABAH(+)) with up to 15

172 The resulting amine or heterocycle is then protonated/metalated by the catalyst (promotor).

173 Moreover, protonated methyl dihydrocinnamate undergoes more than o

174 Gas-phase reactivity of protonated model compounds with different functional gro

175 order to search for the molecular ion or the protonated molecule and study the fragmentation behavior

176 lished by measuring the accurate mass of the protonated molecules [M+H](+).

177 oligo(triazole amide)s were best ionized as protonated molecules and were observed to adopt a single

178 Drift time values of low charged multiply protonated molecules were found to be similar for the tw

179 the topologically similar structures of the protonated molecules, [M + H](+).

180 with increasing charge state of all multiply protonated molecules, and narrow ion mobility peak width

181 ic topology: low intensity of highly charged protonated molecules, even with the supercharging agent,

182 consist of different features including (de)protonated molecules, fragments, adducts, and isotopes t

183 was within 6% for 95% of all CCS values for protonated molecules, resulting in a median relative err

184 low the formation of highly charged multiply protonated molecules.

185 Addition of trifluoroacetic acid gave a C-protonated monocation, and at higher acid concentrations

186 re electron transfer and yielding a distinct protonated monoreduced complex.

187 nment of the reduction product as containing protonated N-atom bridges.

188 The protonated N-heterocyclic rings are shown to dramaticall

189 nd closely associated LH(+) counter-cations (protonated n-octylamine or tri-n-octylphosphine (TOP) to

190 srupting the peptide backbone structure, the protonated N-terminus serves to stabilize the beta-hairp

191 coupling that AQP9 acts as a channel for the protonated, neutral monocarboxylic acid species.

192 increases the rate of isomerization from exo-protonated Ni(0) isomers to the catalytically active end

193 n potential of the previously undetected exo-protonated Ni(I) intermediate.

194 ven at -78 degrees C, in the HF/MF5 systems, protonated nitramine MF6(-) salts were isolated for the

195 is equidistant from Asp-301 and Glu-216 with protonated nitrogen H-bonded to a water molecule in the

196 zed hydrogen bonds with Glu-216, whereas the protonated nitrogen of quinidine is equidistant from Asp

197 t the same time, unexpected specifics of the protonated NMe2/-N horizontal line systems consist of a

198 without a significant difference between the protonated (nonionic) or deprotonated (anionic) states.

199 PCP(+) intermediates are neither edge-protonated nor corner-protonated (normally) but possess

200 iates are neither edge-protonated nor corner-protonated (normally) but possess "closed" structures me

201 ational changes to raise the apparent pKa of protonated nucleobases to values above physiological pH.

202 Diglyceride DG(18:1/20:0)-sodium adduct and protonated octadecanamide ions were found to have greatl

203 of levoglucosan and cis-pinonic acid, while protonated oleic acid and 5alpha-cholestane molecules re

204 ures shows that the distal histidine becomes protonated on formation of the ferryl intermediate, whic

205 d angles in our structure suggest that N1 is protonated on the adenines of every other rAMP-rAMP heli

206 state acts as an Na+ trap and that the fully protonated one poses an energetic barrier that blocks th

207 t entity and the nitrophenol (present in the protonated open form, b(+)) or nitrophenolate (present i

208 Compared to protonated open forms (b(+)), calculations on the zwitte

209 nation for the observed stabilization of the protonated or deprotonated state.

210 solid state, depending on the counterion, O-protonated or N-protonated cations can be formed, in acc

211 osecond, MD simulations of the system having protonated or unprotonated cytosines, mimicking the pH 5

212 the fluorescence intensity upon either fully protonating, or deprotonating, the fibrils at pH = 0 or

213 The interaction prevented conversion into protonated, partially unfolded (green) phycocyanin speci

214 es of the (D)P and (L)P diastereomers in the protonated peptide [YAPAA+H](+), where only intramolecul

215 here regarding simulations of collisions of protonated peptide ions peptide-H(+) with organic surfac

216 ton-based systems: 18-crown-6 polyether with protonated peptides and base-pairing energies of nucleob

217 fic UV fragmentation of cryogenically cooled protonated peptides in the gas phase.

218 The reactor facilitates the intersection of protonated peptides with a second population of chromoge

219 The reason is that the protonated peroxide product is always very high in energ

220 alternative via formation of a higher-energy protonated phenyl tautomer (2H(+)) prior to C-C bond bre

221 The protonated piperidine moiety of thioridazine forms a cha

222 of N-oxide and sulfoxide functionalities in protonated polyfunctional drug metabolites.

223 re reported on the fragmentation of multiply protonated polypeptide ions produced in electrospray ion

224 en the peripheral aminophenyl groups and the protonated porphyrin ring.

225 absorption spectroscopy, we characterize its protonated precursor TyrOH(*+), and we show this species

226 -6 ether derivatives can detect and identify protonated primary amines in methanol and in water, and

227 ols causes the radical cations to decay, and protonated products and the corresponding phenoxyl radic

228 and latter states, mediated by the partially protonated protein, protons, and Na+ can be exchanged ac

229 Here, we show in two fully protonated proteins that, at 100-kHz MAS and above, spec

230 asurements between spin-labels on multimeric protonated proteins using double electron-electron reson

231 We report that in protonated proteins, P(r) is dependent on the length of

232 propylamino)cyclopropenimine-substituted bis-protonated proton sponge as a bifunctional phase-transfe

233 son, the report that a molecule as simple as protonated pyridine (PyH(+)) could catalyze the formatio

234 ral substituents, an aminophenyl group and a protonated pyridinium group.

235 are consistent with fragmentation from the N-protonated, rather than the O-protonated tautomer.

236 that the lowest energy pathway from the ring-protonated reactive intermediate involves early proton t

237 In contrast, the D2.50-protonated receptor does not exhibit sodium ion binding

238 doencapsulated in the tripodal cavity of the protonated receptor.

239 Our ribose-protonated repair mechanism is not only energetically mo

240 ative charges in the proteoglycan matrix are protonated, resulting in chemically induced stress relax

241 a residue adjacent to Tyr(179), Asp(178), is protonated revealed a conformational change in Pho84 fro

242 oscopy (TROSY) and highly deuterated, methyl-protonated samples to study the 230 kDa dodecameric HslV

243 UV compared to approximately 40 kcal/mol for protonated Schiff base (PSB) chromophore in rhodopsin.

244 all-trans photoisomerization of the retinal protonated Schiff base (RPSB) chromophore.

245 ween residues E90, E123, D253, N258, and the protonated Schiff base (SBH), as well as nearby residues

246 hat specifically isomerizes the retinylidene protonated Schiff base both thermally and photochemicall

247 and photophysical properties of the retinal-protonated Schiff base chromophore in solution.

248 p in the catalytic cycle is facilitated by a protonated Schiff base form of the holoenzyme in which t

249 by mimicking the intermediate Opsin-derived, protonated Schiff base in the visual cycle with simple p

250 igand, 11-cis-retinal (11CR), by a covalent, protonated Schiff base linkage.

251 chromophore in opsin visual pigments is the protonated Schiff base of 11-cis-retinaldehyde (11cRAL).

252 e is an equilibrium between the phenolic and protonated Schiff base tautomeric forms of this intermed

253 elices H5 and H6, while deprotonation of its protonated Schiff's base triggers the rearrangement of t

254 l over the photoisomerization of the retinal protonated Schiff-base in bacteriorhodopsin, isorhodopsi

255 to the Qi-site to facilitate binding of half-protonated semiquinone - a reaction intermediate that is

256 For example, both singly protonated serine octamers and anionic octamers complexe

257 ween the peptide forms present today and the protonated signalling peptides likely to be dominating i

258 rrogate for cyclic terpenes, are followed as protonated species (CI)H(+) using protonated amines as r

259 e resolved in another, and epimers merged as protonated species were resolved upon metalation, effect

260 er reduction of the pH results in the doubly protonated species with a high electron-deficiency and L

261 situ by in-source fragmentation of precursor protonated species, such as benzyl alcohol, do not under

262 gher reactivity for neutral His than for the protonated species.

263 ecursor charge states, especially for doubly protonated species.

264 h the reversible chemical transition between protonated state (NH(+) ) and deprotonated state (N).

265 ent N(I) character (L --> N <-- L)(+) in the protonated state.

266 aving an ortho-substituent and/or being in a protonated state.

267 Additionally, all of the involved protonated states of the compound exhibit discriminative

268 Protonated states of the nitrogenase active site are mec

269 s of the [2]rotaxane in its unprotonated and protonated states were carried out to locate the positio

270 ration acts as a nucleophile and attacks the protonated substrate via an outer-sphere mechanism.

271 ased on a gas-phase ion/molecule reaction of protonated sulfone analytes with trimethyl borate (TMB)

272 gen, allowing radical coupling of the formed protonated superoxide and anionic flavin semiquinone at

273 the article, which excludes anionic and most protonated systems, methods associated with measuring th

274 f 1 (RCO2H2(+)), with its higher energy ring-protonated tautomer allowing the requisite C-C bond clea

275 ion from the N-protonated, rather than the O-protonated tautomer.

276 duct with protonated ethers, preferably with protonated tetrahydrofuran.

277 The web server allows the end-user to protonate the biomolecule at particular pH based on calc

278 contrast, the weak phosphoric acid does not protonate the hydrazone, and only a hydrogen-bonded comp

279 Introducing H3O(+) protonated the SF, breaking the Asp-Arg linkage and open

280 sm, the acidic proton of the phosphinic acid protonates the hydroxyl group, enhancing the leaving gro

281 On the one hand, it protonates the N-heterocycles that reduces their reducti

282 he structure reveals His707 as the acid that protonates the THF leaving group through a water molecul

283 viously proposed mechanisms that all rely on protonating the 8OG nucleobase.

284 lays a key role in the reaction mechanism by protonating the polyoxometalate thereby enabling the act

285 When protonated, the resulting 1,2,3-triazolium ions lose the

286 Instead of being protonated to afford protiotriazole, an iodinating agent

287 ther side of the membrane; (ii) LacY must be protonated to bind galactoside (the pK for binding is ap

288 f dCO2, the amine groups in the chitosan get protonated to convert neutral chitosan to a positively c

289 s C where the bound CO2 in intermediate I is protonated to form a Fe(II)-COOH species.

290 that a nitrogen-fixing Fe-N2 catalyst can be protonated to form a neutral Fe(NNH2) hydrazido(2-) inte

291 in the production of NH3 that is immediately protonated to form NH4 (+).

292 ance of such resonance effects in the triply protonated triamino/monopyridyl hyperporphyrin (A3PyPH3(

293 II), and two other analogues are shown to be protonated under turnover conditions to produce the corr

294 IV)-O-H of APO-II, indicating that APO-II is protonated under typical turnover conditions.

295 vergent proton distribution in either highly protonated unimer or neutral micelle states along the ma

296 hexahydro-2H-pyrimido[1,2-a]pyrimidine) were protonated using [HNEt3][BPh4] to afford [I-H][BPh4] (1a

297 ee environment either as neutral water or as protonated water clusters, depending on the composition

298 The protonated water tetramer H(+)(H2O)4, often written as t

299 e failure of traditional mixed superacids to protonate weak bases such as CO2 can be traced to a comp

300 e coordinated arene of TpW(NO)(PMe3)(DMB) is protonated with either D or L dibenzoyl tartaric acid (D

301 15)N NMR spectra show that the His-27 tetrad protonates with higher pKa values than His-19, indicatin