ライフサイエンスコーパス: pulse

1 silicon after excitation with a short laser pulse.

2 her superimposing a short higher temperature pulse.

3 y downregulated long after a transient Notch pulse.

4 ions give rise to the percept of a beat or a pulse.

5 that control the generation of the pressure pulse.

6 ntial is screened with a second optical pump pulse.

7 is the major cause of rain-induced soil CO2 pulse.

8 sources to produce broad or narrow bandwidth pulses.

9 the community to adjust to nitrate or oxygen pulses.

10 eterogeneity in the dynamics of responses to pulses.

11 above 150 can be manipulated to elute in 3-4 pulses.

12 ses are compared to the amplitudes of single pulses.

13 shape-preserving multi-electrons ultrashort pulses.

14 achieving high-energy few-cycle mid-infrared pulses.

15 inal modes together to form ultrashort light pulses.

16 significantly influenced using shaped laser pulses.

17 ility, limiting the total number of recorded pulses.

18 of solid targets irradiated by intense laser pulses.

19 gth, and peak irradiance of ultrashort laser pulses.

20 ustic phonons generated by femtosecond laser pulses.

21 llumination, outcomes were similar for short pulses (1/10 ms long: 0% success) but improved for longe

22 age steps (10 mV) and short duration voltage pulses (10 ms), which have the net effect of reducing th

23 d melanopsin separately from the cones using pulsed (3-s) spectral modulations around a photopic back

24 on was achieved by bursts of 300-ns, 9 kV/cm pulses (50 Hz, n = 3-100) and quantified by propidium dy

25 of vegetables (81%), roots and tubers (72%), pulses (67%), fruits (66%), fish and livestock products

26 rface optical rectification of an ultrashort pulse after which the DC surface potential is screened w

27 substrate addition and fast electrochemical pulse amperometric detection.

28 e anion exchange chromatography (HPAEC) with pulsed amperometric detection (PAD).

29 oupling flow injection analysis and multiple pulse amperometry with a cathodically pretreated boron-d

30 eliable and safe Ion Exchange Chromatography-Pulsed Amperometry Detection (IC-PAD) method for direct

31 , which can be used to seed either a chirped pulse amplifier (CPA) or an optical parametric chirped p

32 ifier (CPA) or an optical parametric chirped pulse amplifier (OPCPA) for achieving high-energy few-cy

33 apping of the particle position to resistive pulse amplitude at the same instant in time.

34 The standard deviations (sigma) of the pulse amplitude distributions decrease by 2.7-fold when

35 istry for a light-adapted measurement from a pulse amplitude modulation fluorometer, was the best lea

36 ectrically evoked responses, over a range of pulse amplitudes and pulse widths, for 21 cell types spa

37 produces fewer chatter events than both long-pulse and continuous ultrasound.

38 od-perishability, consumption-time, resource-pulse and kleptoparasitism-avoidance.

39 The interaction of an acoustic pulse and the mechanical mode of the ring resonator is a

40 ing the longer duration baseline temperature pulse and the other superimposing a short higher tempera

41 henols is often related to the colour of the pulse and to its antioxidant activity.

42 OC input in regulating rain-induced soil CO2 pulses and microbial community composition, and may have

43 re, using a combination of femtosecond laser pulses and microwave excitations, we report the classica

44 we reveal a signaling network that generates pulses and propagating waves of cell contractions.

45 or counting and recording thousands of input pulses and responding to pulses of lengths downscaled to

46 generate single- or alternating-polarity ion pulses, and is ideal for inducing nanoelectrospray ioniz

47 Consequently, the differential pulse anodic stripping transduction was realized to be a

48 umerically studied both single- and multiple-pulse AOS under different coupling strength between spin

49 se medical treatments which require multiple pulse applications.

50 simply by setting the amplitude of the clock pulse applied to the gate.

51 the timing and amplitude of the MASER output pulse are correlated with the laser excitation energy: a

52 .7-fold when the average amplitudes of eight pulses are compared to the amplitudes of single pulses.

53 A single-photon or classical optical pulse as the gate sets the spin state via projective mea

54 oinjection pipettes and rather than pressure pulses as delivery method, moderate DC electric fields a

55 an concentrate the spectral amplitude of the pulse at various frequencies.

56 enerated in silica fibers using 300-nJ laser pulses at 250 kHz repetition rate.

57 s and time-delayed pump and probe excitation pulses at fluences below the maximum permissible exposur

58 Attosecond pulses at photon energies corresponding to the fundament

59 Optical rectification of 35 fs pulses at the technologically very important wavelength

60 ns in frontal and parietal cortices during a pulse-based accumulation of evidence task.

61 f the effective defect diffusion length from pulsed beam measurements.

62 d at 100 degrees C with either continuous or pulsed beams of 500 keV Ne, Ar, Kr, or Xe ions.

63 yfish Cassiopea spp. displays a quantifiable pulsing behavior, allowing us to perform long-term behav

64 Micropulse was more efficient than long pulse by 43% (P = .00003) and continuous by 42% (P = .00

65 deling suggests that the absorption of laser pulses by MGNCs can produce temperature spikes of nearly

66 the spectral intensity of an ultrafast laser pulse can be accumulated at selected frequencies by a co

67 spin ensemble to a spring model so analytic pulses can be designed using linear methods.

68 Spray pulses can be generated at a high frequency of 17 Hz (60

69 strate that sub-nanosecond spin-orbit torque pulses can generate single skyrmions at custom-defined p

70 generate 33 muJ, 0.88-cycle, multi-gigawatt pulses centred at 4.2 mum, which is further energy scal

71 tail loss, we performed a bromodeoxyuridine pulse-chase experiment and found that a subset of ependy

72 Optical pulse-chase experiments with Dendra2-tagged aSyn version

73 Pulse-chase kinetic transport assays on four of the top-

74 0A on wild-type activity and single-turnover pulse-chase kinetics.

75 findings demonstrate that single time point pulse-chase SILAC mass spectrometry-based proteomics (pS

76 Using a pulse-chase SILAC mass spectrometry-based proteomics app

77 processes includes both an incremental and a pulsed component.

78 re typically achieved with ultra-short laser pulses containing very broad frequency spectra where the

79 However, the pulsed cosine transform method can generate large errors

80 trength in excess of 3 MPa, were produced by pulsed current processing.

81 Light pulses delay locomotor activity rhythm during the early

82 tes are measured simultaneously at different pulsing delays by dual-channel (19)F NMR spectroscopy.

83 ising result that such nonlinear and complex pulse design problems are equivalent to designing contro

84 In addition, the cardiovascular variable, pulse distension (a surrogate for stroke volume) was imp

85 We present pulsed double electron-electron resonance measurements o

86 es and microscale carbon particles, reducing pulse duration from milliseconds to microseconds markedl

87 frequency of 17 Hz (60 ms in period) and the pulse duration is adjustable on-demand between 60 ms and

88 Here we demonstrate a soft X-ray pulse duration of 53 as and single pulse streaking reach

89 ore, are incapable of ensuring complex inter-pulse dynamics and bound-state soliton generation.

90 ce primary production through both press and pulse dynamics.

91 ian cells by electroporation with nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) facilitates their response

92 es enable deep tissue focusing of nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) for non-invasive nerve and

93 The influence of moderate intensity pulsed electric field pre-processing on increasing the l

94 of blanching, ultrasonic and high intensity pulsed electric field processing on further enhancement

95 ment of blanching followed by high intensity pulsed electric field showed a significant release of tr

96 g of pre-blanched juice using high intensity pulsed electric field, derived from pre-processed tomato

97 Nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF) are emerging as a novel m

98 Pulsed electric fields (PEF) and ultrasound (US) are pro

99 f Saccharomyces cerevisiae were treated with pulsed electric fields (PEF) in order to obtain a maximu

100 e in lycopene bioaccessibility upon combined pulsed electric fields and heating and heating only was

101 bility significantly decreased upon combined pulsed electric fields and heating and pulsed electric f

102 lity were found upon combined and individual pulsed electric fields and heating, except in the follow

103 Differences in the effects of pulsed electric fields on bioaccessibility among differe

104 bined pulsed electric fields and heating and pulsed electric fields only.

105 Tomato fractions were subjected to pulsed electric fields treatment combined or not with he

106 500 were enriched with magnesium ions using Pulsed Electric Fields.

107 Consequently, pulsed electric technologies (HVED and PEF) show good pr

108 Pulse electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) is being app

109 tructure (EXAFS) analysis and multifrequency pulse electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy

110 We interrogate this series of molecules with pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscop

111 microseconds markedly decreases the minimal pulse energy required for AP generation, providing stron

112 Acclimation to realistic daily heat pulses enhanced thermal tolerance among infected individ

113 Our work demonstrates the capability of pulse EPR methods for providing detailed information on

114 Here we demonstrate use of pulsed EPR spectroscopy to measure the interaction betwe

115 s that ecological presses will interact with pulse events to alter ecosystem structure and function.

116 , and photon-generated free carriers, on the pulse evolutions are characterized.

117 Furthermore, resistive-pulse experiments are conducted to study the correlation

118 s, each collected with a single 100 ps X-ray pulse exposure per crystal using a setup optimized for v

119 amplitude in the 70 dB condition, i.e., pre-pulse facilitation.

120 verse events did not differ between extended-pulsed fidaxomicin (121 [67%] of 181) and vancomycin (12

121 tive web response system to receive extended-pulsed fidaxomicin (200 mg oral tablets, twice daily on

122 ed and randomly assigned to receive extended-pulsed fidaxomicin or vancomycin.

123 etic fields up to 45 T (DC fields) and 60 T (pulsed fields).

124 MRI-guided pulsed focused ultrasound (pFUS) combined with systemic

125 ese cells were randomly assigned among three pulsed focused ultrasound treatment groups: (a) local ti

126 curred within 15 minutes after initiation of pulsed focused ultrasound tumor treatment, and these inc

127 sion Mechanical tumor tissue disruption with pulsed focused ultrasound-induced bubble activity signif

128 of a positive polarity ( upward arrow) front pulse followed by the delivery of a negative polarity (

129 the possibilities of using designer-tailored pulses for controlling molecular dynamics of opsins in l

130 KERKO mice had increased LH pulse frequency, indicating loss of negative feedback.

131 ionized by intense extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) pulses from a free-electron-laser.

132 Here we show that nutrient pulses from decomposing Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) pa

133 eal unambiguously that in transparent media, pulse front tilt gives rise to the directional asymmetry

134 ysical mechanisms at the basis of attosecond pulse generation and attosecond technology and describin

135 Technological improvements in pulse generation and detection strategies have allowed S

136 nucleus kisspeptin (ARN(KISS)) neurons in LH pulse generation.

137 Submuscular implantation places the pulse generator underneath the serratus anterior muscle

138 sequential galvanostatic and potentiostatic pulses has been used to fabricate an electrocatalyticall

139 nergy: at higher laser energy, the microwave pulses have larger amplitude and appear after shorter de

140 Direct comparisons of erosion during pulsed heat loading between PFC candidate materials will

141 y the application of a sequence of microwave pulses in a phase- and polarization-controlled manner.

142 tudy the propagation of localized mechanical pulses in aqueous monolayers of micron-sized particles o

143 ssisted self-compression of ultrashort laser pulses in the regime of anomalous dispersion can be scal

144 optics manufacturing (AFOM) method using an pulsed infrared (IR) laser.

145 omponents in the 110 dB condition, i.e., pre-pulse inhibition, but significantly increased the N1 amp

146 nimal model for TON using a novel ultrasonic pulse injury modality (sonication-induced TON; SI-TON).

147 surge, while RU486 into the ARC shortened LH pulse interval in the progesterone treated rats.

148 ompared to Nyquist signal due to its smaller pulse interval or narrower subcarrier spacing.

149 Here, we use a pulsed-ion-beam method to study defect interaction dynam

150 ton energies of 8.3 kiloelectronvolts) X-ray pulses is qualitatively different: our experimental and

151 5-Iododeoxyuridine/5-chlorodeoxyuridine pulse-labeling experiments showed that RAD6 is necessary

152 Reduced graphene oxide modified by pulsed laser ablation causes water splitting under visib

153 Our results reveal that pulsed laser beam welding under appropriate processing p

154 er dry, ambient conditions, using nanosecond-pulsed laser irradiation and magnetic gold nanoclusters

155 Femtosecond (fs) pulsed laser irradiation techniques have attracted inter

156 the high spatiotemporal control provided by pulsed laser irradiation, while avoiding the phototoxici

157 t uses focal illumination with a femtosecond-pulsed laser to bleach a nucleic acid-binding dye causin

158 aser illumination method (continuous wave or pulsed laser), in vitro light-triggered release can be a

159 Using a femtosecond pulsed laser, lapatinib release from a nanoshell-based h

160 ared to a theoretical heat transfer model of pulsed laser-irradiated nanoparticles and found to be in

161 at imprinting such wavefunctions on electron pulses leads to shape-preserving multi-electrons ultrash

162 sing a small sliding window (side length = 1 pulse length) adequately describe changes in scatterer p

163 the neuroprotective effects of low-intensity pulsed (LIP) ultrasound on memory impairment and central

164 The adoptive transfer of HDM-pulsed LRP-1-deficient CD11b(+) DCs into WT mice generat

165 ethod relies on the use of a small-amplitude pulse made prior to the FSCV sweep that probes the imped

166 ns, with a level of sex bias that excludes a pulse migration during a single generation.

167 aphragm pressure sensor capable of real-time pulse monitoring and a PDMS glove with multiple embedded

168 d differentiating human movements, including pulse monitoring and finger motions.

169 strates through a facile and flexible single pulsed nanosecond laser based reflection holography and

170 4 eV) by utilizing intense two-cycle driving pulses near 1.8-mum center wavelength.

171 wder X-ray diffraction, solid fat content by pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance and thermal behaviour

172 he previous studies focus on the spike time, pulse number and material species: however, a quantitati

173 onally connect them to the transient calcium pulses observed in restricted areas in the forming dendr

174 te differentiation and maturation required a pulse of 25 mm glucose only during the first 3 days of d

175 n of surface reflectivity following the pump pulse of 266 nm light, we determined an initial radical

176 he recent detection of the early ultraviolet pulse of a peculiar, subluminous type Ia supernova has b

177 f a negative polarity ( downward arrow) back pulse of equal voltage and width; thereby the duration i

178 iate radical pairs within the ca. 8 ns laser pulse of our laser setup.

179 Whereas a single pulse of stimulation (massed) induced structural synapti

180 cerebellar inhibition (CBI): a conditioning pulse of transcranial magnetic stimulation delivered to

181 Fe, Ni and Co driven by picosecond duration pulses of circularly polarized light.

182 e formation, resulting in ultrafast emission pulses of coherent polariton field.

183 short brain exposure, indicating that brief pulses of daily drug treatment may be sufficient for lon

184 tion and junctional disassembly are periodic pulses of junctional and medial myosin II that result in

185 thousands of input pulses and responding to pulses of lengths downscaled to hundreds of picoseconds.

186 hat the interruption of long nights by short pulses of light ("night-break" [NB]) accelerates wheat f

187 Short duration, intense pulses of light can experience dramatic spectral broaden

188 We here asked how fast and how far localized pulses of mechanical stress dynamically propagate throug

189 with a PG-labelling approach utilizing timed pulses of multiple fluorescent D-amino acids, we illumin

190 due to the lack of sources that can generate pulses of sufficiently short (femtosecond) duration in t

191 lasers providing ultra-short high-brightness pulses of X-ray radiation have great potential for a wid

192 he responses of neurons to a single quantum (pulse) of evidence.

193 e analysis of the effect of 100 mus electric pulses on the biochemical composition of live cells usin

194 Single pulse opto-fMRI minimizes adaptation, avoids heating art

195 tment was completed after 6 cyclophosphamide pulses or in case of return to baseline serum creatinine

196 on delivered to the cerebellum before a test pulse over motor cortex.

197 rate (electrocardiogram), oxygen saturation (pulse oximetry), and brachial artery blood flow and shea

198 ng phase contrast angiography and pre-ductal pulse oximetry, while regional cerebral oxygen saturatio

199 Pcr of the peak power of an ultrashort laser pulse, P, to the critical power of self-focusing, Pcr, p

200 ng the length and eluotropic strength of the pulses, peaks with retention factors in water, kw, above

201 adaptive detection thresholds at 160 and 640 pulses per second.

202 Electrochemical dual-pulse plating with sequential galvanostatic and potentio

203 r age gap between each of the three magmatic pulses potentially constrains the recharge duration of a

204 hod yielded central systolic, diastolic, and pulse pressure bias and precision errors of -0.6 to 2.6

205 luded stroke volume variation (nine trials), pulse pressure variation (one trial), and stroke volume

206 best cutoff values of the absolute change in pulse pressure variation and stroke volume variation aft

207 The absolute change in pulse pressure variation and stroke volume variation aft

208 The pulse pressure variation, stroke volume variation, centr

209 tion of blood pressure (systolic, diastolic, pulse pressure) among UK Biobank participants of Europea

210 .1% of variation in systolic, diastolic, and pulse pressure, respectively, in GERA non-Hispanic white

211 n long-term average systolic, diastolic, and pulse pressure.

212 s for single-shot extraction of a seeded FEL pulse profile, but also provides information on the elec

213 When an optical pulse propagates along an optical fibre, different wavel

214 We used paired-pulse protocols with intracortical microstimulation tech

215 impaired by exposure to radiation during the pulse radiolysis experiment.

216 ral catalytic cycle of CYP101Fe(3+) by using pulse radiolysis to rapidly supply the second electron o

217 etwork and addressed optically through a two-pulse random access scheme.

218 l count, hemoglobin, Glasgow Coma Scale, and pulse rate), and were used in the derivation of the Mala

219 content (2.58%) at microwave power of 900W, pulse ratio of 0.5 and pH of 3.00.

220 r ignited mixtures and shows that a new dual-pulse scheme can be used to control the kernel formation

221 Here we propose tunable resistive pulse sensing for simultaneous size and surface charge m

222 To determine dominant pulse sequence and benefit of dynamic contrast-enhanced

223 This development opens up avenues for pulse sequence design and lays a foundation for understa

224 andard T1-weighted two-dimensional spin-echo pulse sequence of the brain at 1.5 T.

225 nce (MR) imaging with a mixed fast spin-echo pulse sequence were assessed.

226 ccuracy and was achieved by application of a pulse sequence with a time proportional phase increment

227 (n = 338) by using a gradient-recalled-echo pulse sequence.

228 e T2-weighted and diffusion-weighted imaging pulse sequences compared with that of a standard multipa

229 ng tasks, we developed a new set of steering pulse sequences for controlling various coherence times

230 iments combining up to five conventional NMR pulse sequences into one supersequence are introduced.

231 However, recent improvements on alternative pulse sequences provide attractive alternatives to 1D NO

232 ystem, intermediate-weighted turbo spin-echo pulse sequences, and MR-conditional needles, diagnostic

233 With new pulse sequences, we show how hdNMR can be used to measur

234 ocol image set contained images from all six pulse sequences.

235 The stimulus pulse shape further influences parameters such as excita

236 gs indicate that earthquake-induced sediment pulses sourced from the Greater Himalayas, such as that

237 n experimental generation of a 6.8 muJ laser pulse spanning from 1.8 to 4.2 mum from cascaded second-

238 oft X-ray pulse duration of 53 as and single pulse streaking reaching the carbon K-absorption edge (2

239 Here we report a high-energy sub-cycle pulse synthesiser based on a mid-infrared optical parame

240 that this terahertz source can generate 4 mW pulsed terahertz radiation under an optical pump power o

241 0 nsEP exposure can be cancelled by a second pulse that is a third of its duration.

242 ACA produces the cAMP pulses that coordinate Dictyostelium morphogenetic cell

243 owever, mass flowering crops create resource pulses that may be important determinants of pollinator

244 community subjected to manipulated resource pulses that vary in intensity, duration and time of supp

245 fer proceeds through highly variable current pulses that, although directly associated with structura

246 s depends on the composition of the resource pulses, the cost of foraging on poorly matched resources

247 ransmission of ultrashort mid-infrared laser pulses through atmospheric air, probing air dispersion i

248 Leukemia Virus (MLV) via 805 nm femtosecond pulses through gold nanorods whose localized surface pla

249 Online double-pulse TMS over rTPJ 300 ms (but not 50 ms) after target

250 rt latency disturbance of grip force, single-pulse TMS should also quickly disrupt ongoing eye motion

251 we investigate the capabilities of the dual-pulse to control the plasma-driven fluid dynamics by adj

252 rrier-envelope phase-stable signal and idler pulses to generate 33 muJ, 0.88-cycle, multi-gigawatt pu

253 lm supercontinuum generation and track a GHz pulse train in optical fibers.

254 imulation that includes an amplitude-adapted pulse train which induces force enhancements with a cort

255 a high-rate, short-duration, suprathreshold pulse-train was used this pattern was inverted.

256 ere encoded via amplitude-modulation rate of pulse trains on single electrodes at the apex or middle

257 ine wave with short bursts of suprathreshold pulse-trains inserted at different phases to probe corti

258 in male and female participants using single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to interfe

259 We delivered double-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) while movi

260 sters and large molecules with intense laser pulses transforms them into highly-excited non- equilibr

261 uency (HF) train of biphasic charge-balanced pulses used by the standard HF deep brain stimulation (D

262 Using differential pulse voltammetric analysis, a detection limit of 100 pM

263 On the basis of differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and amperometric techniques, the

264 d discriminate it from Tyr with Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV) as it is a very important biomar

265 n transfer resistance (Rct) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) current were relevant to the for

266 Differential pulse voltammetry reveals detection limits of 100 muM fo

267 fied by measuring the change in differential pulse voltammetry signal of a redox probe ([Fe(CN)6](3-)

268 Pulse volume recording was moderate to severely dampened

269 isease in these patients compared with ankle pulse volume recording.

270 icted characteristic attenuation time of the pulses was in the order of tens of picoseconds, implying

271 stance increasing plant P uptake more with a pulsed water supply compared to a regular supply and inc

272 ratio of MPA to aortic size correlated with pulse wave velocity (P=0.0098), strain (P=0.0099), and d

273 Indexed MPA diameter correlated with pulse wave velocity (P=0.04) and with aortic strain (P=0

274 cardiography, (2) coronary flow reserve, (3) pulse wave velocity and augmentation index, (4) circulat

275 glyceride content was associated with aortic pulse wave velocity and carotid IMT.

276 ential relationships observed between aortic pulse wave velocity and telomere length in younger and o

277 hildren with PAH had significantly increased pulse wave velocity in the ascending aorta (3.4 versus 2

278 he weight-loss group, but carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity tended to decrease by 0.5 m/s (P = 0

279 erformance index (MPI) and aortic stiffness (pulse wave velocity; PWV) were evaluated before and afte

280 gestures, acoustic vibrations, and real-time pulse wave.

281 a novel form of mechanical stimulation, or a pulsed wave at the frequency of 1.5 MHz and the duty cyc

282 tty acid composition remains unchanged after pulsed-wave stimulation.

283 femtosecond filamentation with the modulated pulse, we can concentrate the spectral amplitude of the

284 Stable transform-limited femtosecond soliton pulses were generated with full width half maxima of 417

285 re and interact with the other intense laser pulse which penetrates through the second foil due to re

286 omogeneously heated by a picosecond infrared pulse, which delivers all of the energy necessary for co

287 that competes with externally injected seed pulses, which are amplified to similar levels at the hig

288 eters: electric field strength of 3kV/cm and pulse width of 10mus after the treatment of 20-h culture

289 23.8 mJ of photobleaching light energy at a pulse width of 6 msec and a duty cycle of 50%.

290 ubcycle field waveforms with almost constant pulse widths can be generated without a dramatic degrada

291 ponses, over a range of pulse amplitudes and pulse widths, for 21 cell types spanning the inner two l

292 nano-grating excited by a femtosecond laser pulse with an optical period duration of 6.5 fs.

293 ation angles that produced a transmitted THz pulse with zero ellipticity, and the birefringence was q

294 In addition, such engineered DCs, when pulsed with a myelin antigen, led to myelin-specific sup

295 Neutrophils pulsed with the cognate antigens cytomegalovirus pp65 or

296 are coated with MGNCs then exposed to laser pulses with a coaxial magnetic field gradient, resulting

297 Stable laser pulses with a duration as short as 660 fs are readily ob

298 and longitudinal modes to create ultrashort pulses with a variety of spatiotemporal profiles.

299 This technique provides a way to obtain pulses with adjustable amplitude using only phase modula

300 ent generation and characterization of 53 as pulses with photon energy near the water window.

301 f mature males comprise a rhythmic series of pulses, with the call of each individual characterized b