ライフサイエンスコーパス: pulvinar

1 nt counterparts (intralaminar nuclei, medial pulvinar).

2 t from multisensory nuclei (primarily medial pulvinar).

3 s and lateral posterior-pulvinar complex (LP-Pulvinar).

4 c maps in the lateral (PL) and inferior (PI) pulvinar.

5 al central (PIcm), and medial (PIm) inferior pulvinar.

6 eper than the cells projecting to the caudal pulvinar.

7 ct to the rostral medial (RM) nucleus of the pulvinar.

8 lvinar (PI) as major divisions of the visual pulvinar.

9 amic nuclei: mediodorsal (MD), anterior, and pulvinar.

10 ients with damage to spatial maps within the pulvinar.

11 ral correlations were more extensive for the pulvinar.

12 t SM, who suffered complete loss of the left pulvinar.

13 and cortical targets of subdivisions of the pulvinar.

14 l stimulation modulated activity in the left pulvinar.

15 ding both the lateral geniculate nucleus and pulvinar.

16 onnectivity from thalamic nuclei such as the pulvinar.

17 connectivity between the dorsal and ventral pulvinar.

18 nal and anatomical organization of the human pulvinar.

19 is known about the organization of the human pulvinar.

20 al medial and dorsal lateral portions of the pulvinar.

21 liculus, and the lateral and intergeniculate pulvinars.

22 ty with the cortex, we hypothesized that the pulvinar, a thalamic nucleus, regulates cortical synchro

23 xpect the spatiotemporal responses evoked by pulvinar activation to be different in V1 and extrastria

24 In this proposed model, high baseline pulvinar activity in depression first potentiates respon

25 A major question centers on whether the pulvinar acts as a relay, particularly in the path from

26 Excitation of lateral pulvinar after LGN lesion activated supra-granular layer

27 Because the pulvinar also projects directly to the striatum and amyg

28 ely underlying neural network consisted of a pulvinar-amygdala connection that was uninfluenced by sp

29 advanced pubertal maturation, showed greater pulvinar and amygdala activity when exerting similarly e

30 uit specific subcortical regions, namely the pulvinar and amygdala.

31 is most likely relayed through the inferior pulvinar and can provide magnocellular-like sensory inpu

32 In a small percentage of juvenile pulvinar and dLGN neurons, an LTS could not be evoked.

33 ons of visual space within the ventral human pulvinar and extensive topographically organized connect

34 ective to the functional organization of the pulvinar and its role in conveying signals to the cerebr

35 l thalamus have revealed important roles for pulvinar and lateral geniculate nucleus in visuospatial

36 The recent appreciation of the fact that the pulvinar and lateral posterior (LP) nuclei receive two d

37 Ascending SC projections pass through pulvinar and LGN on their way to cortex, but it is not c

38 nal pathway from brainstem to cortex through pulvinar and makes it possible to examine its contributi

39 The pulvinar and the amygdala are suggested as the ontogenet

40 medial geniculate nucleus) and higher-order (pulvinar and the medial dorsal nucleus) thalamic relays.

41 The pulvinar and the mediodorsal nucleus displayed subnuclea

42 l cortex (V2), one from the lateral/inferior pulvinar and the other from V1.

43 lvinar of simians, including the location in pulvinar and the representation of the upper-lower and c

44 Because both lateral/inferior pulvinar and V2 cannot be driven visually following V1 r

45 ings, which included the posterior thalamus (pulvinar) and the medio-dorsal thalamic nuclei.

46 and the whole thalamus, mediodorsal nucleus, pulvinar, and centromedian nucleus were traced on the MR

47 with dysfunction in the mediodorsal nucleus, pulvinar, and centromedian nucleus, relative glucose met

48 ee thalamic nuclei--the mediodorsal nucleus, pulvinar, and centromedian nucleus--each have unique rec

49 ere we sample the activity of amygdala, MDN, pulvinar, and extrastriate ventral visual regions with f

50 ith a predilection for the anterior nucleus, pulvinar, and geniculate bodies.

51 terior nuclei, the centromedian nucleus, the pulvinar, and the ventrolateral nuclei.

52 s, the lateral posterior thalamic nuclei (LP/pulvinar) appear important for various functions includi

53 essing and the influence of attention in the pulvinar appeared to reflect its cortical inputs.

54 The lateral geniculate nucleus and pulvinar are examples of two different types of relay: t

55 ortical interactions with the ventro-lateral pulvinar are necessary for normal attention and sensory

56 we investigated the interactions between the pulvinar, area V4, and IT cortex in a spatial-attention

57 position and orientation information in the pulvinar: attended objects are encoded with high precisi

58 odds ratio at the ventral posterior nucleus-pulvinar border zone indicates that this area is crucial

59 found that neurons in the dorsal and ventral pulvinar, but not the LGN, showed changes in spiking rat

60 investigated the functional organization of pulvinar by examining visuotopic maps.

61 creased activity in temporal cortex, insula, pulvinar, caudate, and pons.

62 ala, hippocampus, anterior insula, thalamus, pulvinar, caudate, precuneus, anterior cingulate cortex,

63 ges to the frontal eye fields, dysfunctional pulvinar, claustrum and amygdaloid subnuclei of the amyg

64 lobe, and three subcortical structures (the pulvinar, claustrum, and amygdala).

65 der of the ventral posterior nucleus and the pulvinar, coinciding with the ventrocaudalis portae nucl

66 ly higher relative glucose metabolism in the pulvinar, compared with the healthy subjects.

67 ral geniculate nucleus and lateral posterior-pulvinar complex (LP-Pulvinar).

68 and occupies the ventroanterior fifth of the pulvinar complex along the brachium of the superior coll

69 RM and RL divisions of the pulvinar complex also appear to have homologues in other

70 rchitectonically defined subdivisions of the pulvinar complex and the dorsolateral geniculate nucleus

71 subdivisions of a region termed the inferior pulvinar complex have been identified in monkeys .

72 e reveal features of the organization of the pulvinar complex in galagos by examining superior collic

73 Studies of neuron number in the LP-pulvinar complex in gibbon, chimpanzee, and gorilla comp

74 at parts of the organizational scheme of the pulvinar complex in primates are present in rodents and

75 An understanding of the organization of the pulvinar complex in prosimian primates has been somewhat

76 The mammalian pulvinar complex is a collection of dorsal thalamic nucl

77 The pulvinar complex is interconnected extensively with brai

78 ent understanding of the organization of the pulvinar complex of mammals.

79 he visual midbrain, with subdivisions of the pulvinar complex of prosimian galagos (Otolemur garnetti

80 The pulvinar complex of prosimian primates is not as archite

81 rison by determining neuron number in the LP-pulvinar complex of six New World primates (Cebus apella

82 ical results support the conclusion that the pulvinar complex of squirrels consists of four distinct

83 e architectonic results demonstrate that the pulvinar complex of tree shrews is larger and has more s

84 The volume of the LP-pulvinar complex scaled with positive allometry with res

85 e scaling of the number of neurons in the LP-pulvinar complex was extremely similar in New World prim

86 e lateral posterior nucleus and pulvinar (LP-pulvinar complex) are the principal thalamic nuclei asso

87 niculate nucleus (LGN), superior colliculus, pulvinar complex, and primary visual cortex (V1) in tree

88 were found within the lateral region of the pulvinar complex, and two less obvious topographical pro

89 GLUT2 were coexpressed in the LGN and in the pulvinar complex, as well as in restricted layers of V1,

90 ts into the possible evolution of the visual pulvinar complex, as well as the possible co-evolution o

91 They have a large visual pulvinar complex, but its organization and relation to v

92 Pc includes about half of the pulvinar complex, with parts on both sides of the brachi

93 ions from the SC to several divisions of the pulvinar complex.

94 liculus project to multiple divisions of the pulvinar complex.

95 (SC) with the large and well-differentiated pulvinar complex.

96 occupies the dorsoposterior one-third of the pulvinar complex.

97 t" in its size compared to rodents, with the pulvinar comprising a greater proportion of total brain

98 The lateralized findings may reflect pulvinar connections with asymmetrical neocortical regio

99 hat alpha band activity originating from the pulvinar coordinates this inter-areal cortical communica

100 nn's areas in the left hemisphere) while the pulvinar correlated only with the parietal and occipital

101 ated to pain scores, and in the ACC and left pulvinar, correlated to stimulation-induced paraesthesia

102 sms of attentive stimulus processing in this pulvinar-cortex loop, we investigated the interactions b

103 processing for images of snakes and cortico-pulvinar-cortical integration for images of faces.

104 data lend support to the hypothesis that the pulvinar could act as a driver for V2.

105 However, in the adult pulvinar, current ramps evoked multiple LTSs in >70% of

106 clude that spatial processing bias following pulvinar damage can be defined by coordinate systems bas

107 Pulvinar damage may impair hypoxia regulation.

108 l connected to the amygdala, suggesting that pulvinar damage might interfere with amygdala activation

109 brain areas: depending upon the specifics of pulvinar damage, communication with different cortical a

110 Conversely, pulvinar deactivation caused an increase in low-frequenc

111 However, pulvinar deactivation led to a reduction of attentional

112 Medial pulvinar degeneration may contribute to the behavioural

113 al and causal interference studies of dorsal pulvinar (dPul) are rare.

114 ctivation studies have shown that the dorsal pulvinar (dPul) plays a role in saccade target selection

115 Here we characterize how the human pulvinar encodes attended and ignored objects when they

116 information provided to visual cortex by the pulvinar equivalent in mice, the lateral posterior nucle

117 e of models of visual attention in which the pulvinar facilitates communication between different bra

118 different roles of gamma oscillations in the pulvinar: feedforward processing for images of snakes an

119 The pulvinar forms extensive connections with striate and ex

120 ch of the three architectonic regions of the pulvinar has a distinctive pattern of cortical connectio

121 natomical and functional organization of the pulvinar has been extensively studied in old and new wor

122 and basic response properties of the visual pulvinar have been extensively studied in nonhuman prima

123 on, specifically the mediodorsal nucleus and pulvinar, have not been well investigated.

124 ing is crucial given the central role of the pulvinar in current theories of integrative brain functi

125 These data support a role of the pulvinar in distractor filtering--suppressing informatio

126 vinar was similar to the organization of the pulvinar in other primate species.

127 us functional path from SC to MT through the pulvinar in primates.

128 ique case demonstrating contributions of the pulvinar in response to visual threat.

129 Comparison of the relative volumes of the LP-pulvinar in the larger sample confirmed this observation

130 investigated the visuotopic organization of pulvinar in the prosimian bush baby (Otolemur garnettii)

131 vation to investigate the role of the dorsal pulvinar in the selection and execution of visually guid

132 thalamic surface showed enlargement over the pulvinar in those receiving stimulants.

133 smaller regional volumes bilaterally in the pulvinar in youths with ADHD relative to comparison subj

134 ively relayed on to the rotundus (Rt, caudal pulvinar) in the thalamus, and to its pallial target, th

135 We found that unilateral pulvinar inactivation resulted in a spatial neglect synd

136 aneous pulvinar-visual cortex recordings and pulvinar inactivation to provide evidence that the pulvi

137 es in widespread prefrontal areas and in the pulvinar increased when the participants had been expose

138 In contrast, electrical stimulation of the pulvinar induced fast and local responses in extrastriat

139 The neurons most responsive to pulvinar input were those that project to the striatum a

140 r, higher order thalamic nuclei, such as the pulvinar, interconnect with many cortical and subcortica

141 evidence for the division of the tree shrew pulvinar into two distinct tectorecipient zones.

142 Thus, lateral pulvinar is able to powerfully control and gate informat

143 The pulvinar is an important structure for visual attention

144 support that the general organization of the pulvinar is consistent across the primate phylogenetic t

145 he first evidence that spatial coding in the pulvinar is defined by an object-based frame.

146 ar inactivation to provide evidence that the pulvinar is essential for intact stimulus processing, ma

147 ical prominence, the function of the primate pulvinar is poorly understood.

148 The ventro-lateral pulvinar is reciprocally connected with the visual areas

149 is related to changes in beta synchrony, the pulvinar is responsible for alpha synchrony, and the ant

150 The pulvinar is the largest nucleus in the primate thalamus

151 relay neurons to the subdivision of inferior pulvinar known to project densely to MT but also localiz

152 tile within individual nuclei (medio-dorsal, pulvinar, lateral group) were compared according to the

153 was examined in three patients with varying pulvinar lesions.

154 These results suggest that the human pulvinar, like other primates, is well positioned to reg

155 The lateral posterior nucleus and pulvinar (LP-pulvinar complex) are the principal thalami

156 ether the primary or "driving" inputs to the pulvinar/LP complex originate in cortical or subcortical

157 N responses were unaffected by these lateral pulvinar manipulations.

158 We manipulated lateral pulvinar neural activity in prosimian primates and asses

159 Gamma oscillations of pulvinar neuronal activity were analyzed in three phases

160 d physiological microstimulation to identify pulvinar neurons belonging to the path from SC to MT in

161 focal and electron microscopy, we found that pulvinar neurons expressed more T-type calcium channels

162 novel site of origin for a subpopulation of pulvinar neurons has been observed, the ganglionic emine

163 ent study, we analyzed gamma oscillations of pulvinar neurons in the monkeys during a delayed non-mat

164 indings demonstrate that visual responses of pulvinar neurons reflect the perceptual awareness of a s

165 The intrinsic properties of pulvinar neurons that promote burst firing in the adult

166 pathway conveys to cortex by recording from pulvinar neurons that we identified by microstimulation

167 lume reductions in the mediodorsal (MDN) and pulvinar nuclei (PUL) of the thalamus.

168 as the possible co-evolution of the inferior pulvinar nuclei and temporal cortical visual areas withi

169 which receives rich input from the thalamic pulvinar nuclei and the left medial temporal cortex.

170 ersus colored dots enhanced responses in the pulvinar nuclei and the majority of the LGN, including t

171 t significantly decreased in the anterior or pulvinar nuclei following early gestational irradiation.

172 Two of the pulvinar nuclei have similar retinotopic patterns of pro

173 presence of a centre median nucleus and four pulvinar nuclei in monkeys was marked by patterns of exp

174 Thus, the pulvinar nuclei in prosimian primates and anthropoid pri

175 ortico-thalamo-cortical pathways through the pulvinar nuclei may then provide a complementary route f

176 nually traced mediodorsal, centromedian, and pulvinar nuclei of the thalamus and 39 cortical Brodmann

177 , mediodorsal, lateral posterior, and medial pulvinar nuclei were also labeled.

178 The right but not left pulvinar nuclei were smaller in the schizophrenia patien

179 tern that involved the lateral posterior and pulvinar nuclei, and a PCS pattern that involved the ven

180 , zona incerta, lateral posterior and medial pulvinar nuclei, nucleus limitans, pretectal area, nucle

181 eniculate nucleus (LGN), and two retinotopic pulvinar nuclei.

182 at 1 year mainly within the medio-dorsal and pulvinar nuclei.

183 ginating from the geniculate nucleus and the pulvinar nuclei.

184 The mammalian pulvinar nucleus (PUL) establishes heavy interconnection

185 The pretectum (PT) can supply the pulvinar nucleus (PUL), and concomitantly the cortex, wi

186 teral geniculate nucleus (dLGN), the ventral pulvinar nucleus (Pv), and the claustrum.

187 t the importance of the dorsal aspect of the pulvinar nucleus as a critical hub for spatial attention

188 um and amygdala, these results establish the pulvinar nucleus as a hub linking the visual cortex with

189 Instead, our results establish the pulvinar nucleus as a hub linking the visual cortex with

190 ion.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT We found that the pulvinar nucleus can strongly influence extrastriate cor

191 hannels (SK2) than dLGN neurons and that the pulvinar nucleus contained a higher glia-to-neuron ratio

192 e superior colliculus (SC) to the tree shrew pulvinar nucleus have been described, one in which the a

193 The pulvinar nucleus is a large thalamic structure involved

194 These projection patterns suggest that the pulvinar nucleus most strongly influences (drives) activ

195 The lateral pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus also projects to V1, bu

196 face processing system (superior colliculus, pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus and amygdala) for the s

197 ral regulation of emotional actions from the pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus and the amygdala to the

198 Moreover, the pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus covaried with both of t

199 The pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus is massively interconne

200 The pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus is suspected to have an

201 The pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus is well connected to th

202 visual cortex modulation by the subcortical pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus while also disentanglin

203 hway, which consists of superior colliculus, pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus, and amygdala, enables

204 dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) and pulvinar nucleus relay neurons using in vitro whole-cell

205 The pulvinar nucleus represents the main extrageniculate tha

206 In contrast, the projections from the pulvinar nucleus to the cortex are less clearly defined.

207 etry index of the 95th percentile within the pulvinar nucleus was significantly associated with infar

208 tions with the dorsal aspect of the thalamic pulvinar nucleus, suggesting that this structure may pla

209 igher baseline activity, bilaterally, in the pulvinar nucleus.

210 in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and pulvinar of 2 macaque monkeys during a visual illusion t

211 ts of organization we examined, the inferior pulvinar of chimpanzees closely resembles that of humans

212 The complex resembles the pulvinar of primates by having a portion ventral to the

213 The pulvinar of primates, which connects with all visual are

214 many features with the maps reported for the pulvinar of simians, including the location in pulvinar

215 us Tp, received inputs from the large visual pulvinar of squirrels, possibly accounting for the senso

216 present study, we investigated the inferior pulvinar of the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), the closes

217 med previous studies showing that the caudal pulvinar of the squirrel receives a massive bilateral pr

218 These results indicate that the visual pulvinar of tree shrews contains at least four functiona

219 in other thalamic nuclei including: anterior pulvinar (Pa), ventroposterior inferior (VPI), ventropos

220 g the ventral lateral nucleus (VL), anterior pulvinar (PA), VPl, and the superior division of the ven

221 This pattern indicates that the pulvinar pathway is not limited to a single anatomically

222 The large central nucleus of the pulvinar (Pc) projects to the first and second visual ar

223 pathway terminated in the AChE-poor central pulvinar (Pc).

224 the acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-rich dorsal pulvinar (Pd), whereas the specific pathway terminated i

225 guish the lateral pulvinar (PL) and inferior pulvinar (PI) as major divisions of the visual pulvinar.

226 uperior colliculus (SC) through the inferior pulvinar (PI) to cortical area MT in the primate (Macaca

227 (LGN) and the medial portion of the inferior pulvinar (PIm).

228 ethods allowed us to distinguish the lateral pulvinar (PL) and inferior pulvinar (PI) as major divisi

229 or somatic processing such as VL, the medial pulvinar (PM), and PA, respectively; with moderate proje

230 suprageniculate (Sg), limitans (Lim), medial pulvinar (PM), and posterior nucleus (Po).

231 ageniculate (Sg), limitans (Lim), and medial pulvinar (PM).

232 of naloxone selectively blocked activity in pulvinar, pons and posterior insula.

233 Reversibly inactivating lateral pulvinar prevented supra-granular V1 neurons from respon

234 o V1 were present at 4 weeks of age, as were pulvinar projections to thin and thick CO stripes in V2.

235 We found that V1 and lateral pulvinar projections to V2 are similar in that they targ

236 The pulvinar projects predominantly to layer I in V1, and la

237 ts from MGd and MGm, but not from the visual pulvinar, providing evidence that Ti has higher order au

238 morphology and synaptic targets of pretecto-pulvinar (PT-PUL) terminals labeled by anterograde trans

239 = -0.194, P = .38; GP: r = -0.175, P = .41; pulvinar: r = -0.067, P = .75; total amount of administe

240 r = -0.165, P = .45; GP: r = 0.111, P = .61; pulvinar: r = 0.173, P = .42.) Conclusion Multiple intra

241 rol mean, 1.0183 +/- 0.01917; P = .37; GP-to-pulvinar ratio in case mean, 1.1335 +/- 0.04528; and GP-

242 in case mean, 1.1335 +/- 0.04528; and GP-to-pulvinar ratio in control mean, 1.1141 +/- 0.07058; P =

243 erences were found when DN-to-pons and GP-to-pulvinar ratios were compared (DN-to-pons ratio in case

244 The pulvinar receive prominent inputs from virtually all vis

245 ), whereas higher order relays (for example, pulvinar) receive driver input from layer 5 of cortex an

246 In addition, we found that the rostral pulvinar receives an exclusively ipsilateral projection

247 Reversible, focal excitation of lateral pulvinar receptive fields increased the visual responses

248 s to regions surrounding the excited lateral pulvinar receptive fields were suppressed.

249 ied two visual field maps within the ventral pulvinar, referred to as vPul1 and vPul2.

250 While the function of the pulvinar remains one of the least explored among the tha

251 ojections to the nucleus rotundus and caudal pulvinar, respectively.

252 ts of the previously defined rostral lateral pulvinar (RL) were architectonically distinct, and each

253 rigin has been proposed to contribute to the pulvinar's evolutionary expansion.

254 Because the pulvinar's neuroanatomical geometry makes it unlikely to

255 covariational patterns appear to reflect the pulvinar's role as a regulatory control structure, sendi

256 present, there remain many hypotheses on the pulvinar's specific function, with sparse or conflicting

257 or crepuscular niche did not discriminate LP-pulvinar size across taxa.

258 The pulvinar synchronized activity between interconnected co

259 However, specificity in pulvinar targeting was revealed when recordings were tar

260 e nucleus (DN), pons, substantia nigra (SN), pulvinar thalami, and globus pallidus (GP).

261 e putamen and mediodorsal, ventrolateral and pulvinar thalamic nuclei, in both the patients and the h

262 ventromedial caudate bilaterally, the right pulvinar thalamic nucleus and the right orbitofrontal co

263 study, the volume and neuronal number of the pulvinar thalamic nucleus in schizophrenia patients were

264 n correlated with atrophy in the left medial pulvinar thalamic nucleus, and this region further showe

265 ificant atrophy of bilateral dorsomedial and pulvinar thalamic regions, and significant alterations o

266 stimulation of first (dLGN) and high-order (pulvinar) thalamic nuclei.

267 group differences in the caudate nucleus and pulvinar thalamus, compared with control subjects with p

268 nals travel from brainstem to cortex via the pulvinar thalamus, has had considerable influence as an

269 es in the substantia nigra, globus pallidus, pulvinar thalamus, thalamus, and caudate nucleus, compar

270 erior cingulate cortex, amygdala, and medial pulvinar thalamus.

271 st, we identified many neurons in the visual pulvinar that received input from SC or projected to MT,

272 surge of interest, the core function of the pulvinar, the largest thalamic complex in primates, rema

273 Processing through the pulvinar therefore plays a significant role in generatin

274 a relay from the superior colliculus via the pulvinar to MT.

275 ys enable the lateral geniculate nucleus and pulvinar to regulate the information transmitted to cort

276 to determine time-specific contributions of pulvinar to saccade generation and decision making.

277 ions from the lateral geniculate nucleus and pulvinar to V1 were present at 4 weeks of age, as were p

278 tested this hypothesis by comparing lateral pulvinar to V2 and V1 to V2 projections with LGN to V1 p

279 Projections from pulvinar to V2, however, bear a greater similarity to pr

280 served by direct subcortical input from the pulvinar to V5/MT+.

281 is is due to the preservation of a retina-to-pulvinar-to-cortex pathway that normally regresses durin

282 al connections with four subdivisions of the pulvinar, two subdivisions of the claustrum, and the int

283 mates and anthropoid apes, with the human LP-pulvinar value close to the regression line.

284 Neuron, Zhou et al. (2016) use simultaneous pulvinar-visual cortex recordings and pulvinar inactivat

285 d Callicebus moloch) as well as measuring LP-pulvinar volume in a further set of 24 species including

286 These findings confirm low pulvinar volume in schizophrenia and show that it affect

287 These findings demonstrate reduced pulvinar volumes in youths with ADHD and indicate that t

288 the total thalamus, mediodorsal nucleus, and pulvinar was associated with greater overall clinical sy

289 Lower relative glucose metabolism in the pulvinar was associated with more hallucinations and mor

290 In the comparison subjects, the medial pulvinar was larger on the right.

291 The dorsal pulvinar was most strongly connected with parietal and f

292 mical organization observed within the human pulvinar was similar to the organization of the pulvinar

293 ans, however, did not show that the human LP-pulvinar was unexpectedly large.

294 Likewise, reciprocal regions in LP-Pulvinar were dominated by labeled RS terminals.

295 The two maps in the ventral pulvinar were most strongly connected with early and ext

296 centration at the visual cortex and thalamic pulvinar, whereas decrements were observed at the bilate

297 e suppressive effects were also found in the pulvinar, which has been frequently associated with atte

298 We processed brain sections through the pulvinar with seven different procedures in an effort to

299 in the SGS3 collicular cells upon the caudal pulvinar with the tectorotundal pathway of nonmammalian

300 egional gray matter volumes whereby only the pulvinar yielded extensive cortical intercorrelations, p