ライフサイエンスコーパス: quantal size

1 7 Hz elevated the amount released per event (quantal size).

2 ts of transmitter per vesicle (i.e., reduced quantal size).

3 ion with pHoenix only slightly increased the quantal size.

4 quantal size and are potential regulators of quantal size.

5 by decreases in both release probability and quantal size.

6 pa, a catecholamine precursor that increases quantal size.

7 reas occupancy levels were only dependent on quantal size.

8 ause a small, but reproducible, reduction in quantal size.

9 tamate and GABA in synaptic vesicles reduces quantal size.

10 mechanism of release controls both rate and quantal size.

11 subunit (inhibiting PKA activity) increases quantal size.

12 vation results in a compensatory increase in quantal size.

13 of a receptor-mediated mechanism that alters quantal size.

14 ave an estimate of histogram peak spacing or quantal size.

15 an increase and a decrease, respectively, in quantal size.

16 ncentration and thus controlled postsynaptic quantal size.

17 ine reduces synaptic vesicle transmitter and quantal size.

18 ent with a change in quantal content but not quantal size.

19 eases in release probability or postsynaptic quantal size.

20 oorly understood but are key determinants of quantal size.

21 ontent and a PKC-independent increase of the quantal size.

22 distinct, presynaptic mechanism to regulate quantal size.

23 uestions about the presynaptic regulation of quantal size.

24 esicle filling also contribute to changes in quantal size.

25 t this synapse, involves a reduction in EPSC quantal size.

26 pontaneous quantal release with no change in quantal size.

27 that intracellular Ca2+ stores can regulate quantal size.

28 amplitude miniature IPSCs and larger BC-->GC quantal size.

29 role of postsynaptic activity in controlling quantal size.

30 PC12 cells produced a unimodal population of quantal sizes.

31 pe vs CaSR(-/-) pairs) with little change in quantal size (23 +/- 4 pA vs 22 +/- 4 pA) or number of r

32 asticity expression components, reduction in quantal size (a postsynaptic property) contributing to L

33 examined the mechanism underlying increased quantal size after block of synaptic activity at the mam

34 it appears likely that the site of increased quantal size after chronic block of activity is presynap

35 rometric spike half-widths without change in quantal size after either myosin II inhibition or actin

36 % increase) of elementary synaptic currents (quantal size) after kindling results directly from a 75%

37 An important assumption has been that quantal size (amount of transmitter released per vesicle

38 However, the quantal size (amplitude of miniature end-plate currents)

39 ry synapses, in terms of larger postsynaptic quantal size amplitudes, in part because they likely con

40 TRPM7 affects EPSP quantal size, an intrinsic property of synaptic vesicle

41 logical analysis demonstrated an increase in quantal size and a concomitant decrease in quantal conte

42 unction (NMJ): a PKA-dependent modulation of quantal size and a retrograde regulation of presynaptic

43 ns suggest that RYRs are essential to normal quantal size and are potential regulators of quantal siz

44 osities, which displayed both 2-fold greater quantal size and frequency of quantal release.

45 on in small synaptic vesicles increased both quantal size and frequency, consistent with the recruitm

46 that incorporated both spatial variation in quantal size and non-uniform release probability.

47 tic transmission as a result of both reduced quantal size and quantal content.

48 ase in striatal slices and reductions in the quantal size and release frequency of catecholamine in d

49 These data demonstrate that ACh controls the quantal size and release frequency of glutamate at haben

50 The quantal size and shape characteristics of amperometric e

51 ocytosis modes and their roles in regulating quantal size and synaptic strength, generating synaptic

52 sary for the developmental increase in AMPAR quantal size and that metabotropic glutamate receptor ac

53 in synaptic vesicles determines postsynaptic quantal size and thus the strength of synaptic transmiss

54 spiny and interneuron synapses have similar quantal sizes and baseline release probabilities.

55 From these quantal sizes and the EPSP mean amplitudes we calculated

56 increases in either total receptor number or quantal size, and differences between the variability of

57 learance and little delayed release, a large quantal size, and fast AMPA-type glutamate receptors.

58 f functional release sites, relatively large quantal size, and unusual dynamics of transmitter releas

59 We show that decrease and increase in quantal size are associated with a respective decrease a

60 olecular determinants of vesicle filling and quantal size are regulated by neuronal activity in an op

61 t the receptor subunit composition regulates quantal size, Argiotoxin sensitivity, and receptor desen

62 However, quantal size at basket cell-to-granule cell synapses was

63 ncy which demonstrates a process that meters quantal size at moment of release.

64 onsolidation resulting in a normalization of quantal size at the few remaining functional synapses.

65 propose that presynaptic activity modulates quantal size at the neuromuscular junction by modulating

66 that postsynaptic activity does not regulate quantal size at the neuromuscular junction.

67 The distribution of quantal sizes at the junction usually does not follow a

68 We observed no differences in quantal size between control and occluded mice.

69 lls, in which VMAT2 expression increased the quantal size but not the number of release events.

70 whereas for mGluR-LTD there was no change in quantal size, but a large decrease in the frequency of e

71 tely 50-fold, in part through an increase in quantal size, but primarily through an increase in the n

72 Changes in synaptic activity alter quantal size, but the relative roles of presynaptic and

73 bility fluctuation analysis revealed similar quantal sizes, but 4-times more functional release sites

74 turation in turn makes it possible to modify quantal size by altering the flux of transmitter through

75 e activity by approximately 50% also reduced quantal size by approximately 50%.

76 changes in transporter expression that alter quantal size can affect behavior.

77 ion of a putative VAChT and demonstrate that quantal size can be regulated by changes in vesicular tr

78 s established that, for dense-core granules, quantal size can be varied by stimulation frequency, cha

79 ionally, extracellular osmolarity influences quantal size, causing quantal size increases under hypot

80 itional quantal analysis that attributes the quantal size change to a postsynaptic mechanism, the pre

81 ytosis affects short-term plasticity through quantal size changes.

82 and show a dramatic increase in presynaptic quantal size consistent with defects in synaptic vesicle

83 Spermidine did not affect quantal size, consistent with a presynaptic mechanism of

84 nt GABAergic neurons show reduced inhibitory quantal size, consistent with a presynaptic reduction in

85 Here, we reveal how individual quantal-sized corticothalamic EPSPs propagate within tha

86 Consistent with previous findings, the quantal size did not change during paired-pulse facilita

87 The quantal size distribution was modulated by treatment wit

88 when the combined variances of the noise and quantal-size distributions were reduced, increasing the

89 lysis of miniature EPSCs revealed that AMPAR quantal size doubled over time in vitro whereas NMDAR qu

90 analysis revealed a gradual augmentation in quantal size during trains of EPSCs, and application of

91 roM) reduced both the evoked current and the quantal size (estimated with MPF analysis) to a similar

92 The mean quantal size, estimated from the miniature EPSCs (MEPSCs

93 sed on large numbers of trials, and that the quantal size estimates from the binomial method with N h

94 Analyses of quantal size, FM1-43 loading, and dynamin function furth

95 auses a transient reduction in AMPA receptor quantal size followed by synaptic consolidation resultin

96 ssion, expressed as a compensatory change in quantal size following chronic activity perturbation, is

97 of the mean peak spacing, and hence the mean quantal size, for each histogram.

98 a2+ produces a reduction in the postsynaptic quantal size in addition to its known effect on release

99 examined the mechanism underlying increased quantal size in ClC mice and found that it also appeared

100 The ability to increase quantal size in vesicles that were already competent for

101 e fusion, parallels PTP, suggesting that the quantal size increase also contributes to the PTP genera

102 These data suggest that the quantal size increase contributes to the enhancement of

103 We conclude that an activity-dependent quantal size increase contributes to the enhancement of

104 Furthermore, it is unclear whether the quantal size increase is also mediated by PKC.

105 e of our previous studies, suggests that the quantal size increase is caused by a presynaptic mechani

106 osmolarity influences quantal size, causing quantal size increases under hypotonic conditions, presu

107 to enhanced transmitter release and a larger quantal size, indicating enhanced responsiveness to indi

108 along axons had a distribution with the same quantal size, indicating that a vesicle releases all the

109 c K(+) at a glutamatergic synapse influenced quantal size, indicating that synaptic vesicle K(+)/H(+)

110 Quantal size is a fundamental parameter controlling the

111 The PKA-dependent reduction in quantal size is accompanied developmentally by an increa

112 sicle volume, our results indicate that when quantal size is altered via the vesicular monoamine tran

113 Presynaptic regulation of quantal size is an appealing mechanism for changing syna

114 ecent studies suggest that the modulation of quantal size is associated with corresponding changes in

115 At central synapses, quantal size is generally regarded as fluctuating around

116 DGluRIIA, since PKA-dependent modulation of quantal size is lost in homozygous viable DGluRIIA- muta

117 the calcium-dependent effect on postsynaptic quantal size is mediated by group 1 metabotropic glutama

118 Quantal size is the postsynaptic response to the release

119 Moreover, although elevated K+ can increase quantal size it acts by a pathway that does not involve

120 tentiates dopamine (DA) release by elevating quantal size, longer term exposure to L-DOPA (48 hr) pro

121 Quantal size measurements were fitted to one and to two

122 lease (quantal content), without a change in quantal size (mEPSC amplitude), compensates for altered

123 In contrast, neither the quantal size nor the kinetics of AMPA EPSC was altered b

124 one could produce an appreciable increase in quantal size, normally attributed to either the presence

125 s release, yielded distributions with a mean quantal size of 0.55 +/- 0.01 nS and a CV of 0.37 +/- 0.

126 transport is the limiting factor determining quantal size of 5-HT and histamine release, intragranula

127 ion of alphaCaMKII(1-290)-EGFP increased the quantal size of AMPAR-mediated responses.

128 ms: an increase in the frequency but not the quantal size of Ca2+ syntillas, which are brief, focal C

129 expression of VNUT drastically increases the quantal size of exocytotic events.

130 inopyridine caused a significant increase in quantal size of NMDA EPSC.

131 f dendritic spines causes an increase in the quantal size of NMDA synaptic current.

132 2.4 times larger than in relay neurons, and quantal size of RTN EPSCs was 2.6 times greater.

133 The quantal size of secreted catecholamines, measured by amp

134 al analysis--the same mechanism controls the quantal size of spontaneous and evoked release.

135 f AMPAR miniature events and compromised the quantal sizes of both AMPAR and NMDAR currents evoked at

136 ed appear to be below those needed to affect quantal size or output.

137 ntent of the TS-eEPSCs without affecting the quantal size or release probability, suggesting a reduct

138 r monoamine transport blocker that decreases quantal size, or l-dopa, a catecholamine precursor that

139 This study reports how quantal size, or the quantity of chemical messengers wit

140 the recorded EPSP amplitudes for changes in quantal size over time.

141 creased amplitude reflects a decrease in the quantal size per mf-CA3 synapse and in the number of act

142 with postsynaptic changes that maintain the quantal size per release site.

143 analysis to compare the release probability, quantal size (q) and number of release sites (n) at moss

144 r of release sites (N) kept constant but the quantal size (Q) and the release probability (Pr) allowe

145 number of functional release sites (N) and a quantal size (q) of 0.5 +/- 0.03 nS (n = 6).

146 rom an average of 19 release sites (N) and a quantal size (q) of 34.0 +/- 4.7 pA.

147 bility of neurotransmitter release (Pr), the quantal size (q), and the so-called potency, which is de

148 Release probability (P(r)) and quantal size (Q), as measured at the somatic recording s

149 of neurotransmitter release (Pr), and large quantal size (Q).

150 between 0.33 and 0.46, and the corresponding quantal sizes ranged between 260 and 657 microV.

151 Quantal sizes ranged from 93 to 285 microV, with a mean

152 , then, likely a reflection of the increased quantal size rather than any direct effect on exocytosis

153 Ag stimulation and is characterized by large quantal size release events.

154 hand, the presynaptic factors that determine quantal size remain poorly understood.

155 ize doubled over time in vitro whereas NMDAR quantal size remained constant.

156 ction potential-evoked release of glutamate, quantal size remained unchanged.

157 The PKA-dependent modulation of quantal size requires the presence of the muscle-specifi

158 With increased stimulation, quantal size rose continuously, not abruptly, suggesting

159 At a single set of synapses, the increase in quantal size seen with long-term potentiation was comple

160 n in which the anion was aspartate increased quantal size similar to gluconate.

161 CIH also produced no changes in TS-eEPSC quantal size, since the amplitudes of both low calcium-e

162 oic acid (NPPB) antagonized the increases in quantal size, so it seems likely that Cl(-) follows H(+)

163 naptic transmission as a result of increased quantal size, suggesting that the loss of Caz in animals

164 synaptic currents at any synapse and a large quantal size that facilitates the resolution of spontane

165 VGLUT in motoneurons leads to an increase in quantal size that is accompanied by an increase in synap

166 When these treatments increased quantal size the mean 20-80 % rise time of MEPPs recorde

167 While elevated VGLUT expression increases quantal size, the minimum number of transporters require

168 of all AP-3 produces a dramatic increase in quantal size; these changes were correlated with alterat

169 perometric events, indicating an increase in quantal size: this reflects either an increase in vesicu

170 The regulation of quantal size through pre- rather than postsynaptic mecha

171 However, determination of the unitary, quantal size underlying such putatively multiquantal eve

172 , suggesting that [Glu]v is a main source of quantal size variation.

173 Quantal size varies at most synapses.

174 to provide an activity-dependent scaling of quantal size via a presynaptic mechanism.

175 The reduced quantal size was blocked by the D2 antagonist sulpiride

176 Surprisingly, quantal size was increased in ClC mice before block of s

177 ver, previous measurements showed that after quantal size was increased the vesicles in the terminal

178 letely blocked in both control and ClC mice, quantal size was large in both groups despite the higher

179 Quantal size was measured directly by comparing unitary

180 amine was quantal and calcium-dependent, but quantal size was much less than expected for large dense

181 When elimination was underway, AMPA-R quantal size was much reduced for the weakest terminals.

182 Quantal size was not altered following SNAT2 induction o

183 Moreover, quantal size was not an invariant parameter in CNS neuro

184 The increase in AMPAR quantal size was prevented by TTX and ionotropic glutama

185 m granules in VMAT2(+/-) cells revealed 5-HT quantal size was reduced more than that of histamine.

186 lease probability sharply increased, whereas quantal size was unaltered.

187 ring DSI, quantal content of eIPSCs, but not quantal size, was significantly reduced.

188 By using miniature IPSC amplitudes to infer quantal size, we estimated that unitary IPSCs associated

189 the correction procedure is that changes in quantal size were a major factor in obscuring peaks in h

190 influx, readily releasable SV pool size, and quantal size were unaltered, the reduced synaptic streng

191 otransmitter content of individual vesicles (quantal size), whereas deletion of all AP-3 produces a d

192 ively active PKA catalytic subunit decreases quantal size, whereas overexpression of a mutant PKA reg

193 d, exocytosis of compound vesicles increases quantal size, which increases synaptic strength and cont

194 Lowering clathrin levels also reduces quantal size, which occurs concomitantly with a decrease

195 there was a significant decrease in unitary quantal size, which was not due to postsynaptic receptor

196 one dimensions correlate with an increase in quantal size without a change in presynaptic vesicle siz

197 econd, GDNF elicited a small increase in the quantal size, without affecting the average rise and dec