ライフサイエンスコーパス: quantum yield

1 and emission in the visible range and a good quantum yield).

2 upon binding Abeta aggregates with enhanced quantum yield.

3 sion rate, far-field emission intensity, and quantum yield.

4 rategies for improving the photodissociation quantum yield.

5 as an independent prediction of fluorescence quantum yield.

6 to a significant enhancement of the emission quantum yield.

7 Cys256 have blue-shifted spectra and higher quantum yield.

8 y small DeltaEST with high photoluminescence quantum yield.

9 rrowest blue-shifted spectra and the highest quantum yield.

10 azacycle analogues but have a markedly lower quantum yield.

11 ect due to the halide-associated increase in quantum yield.

12 old increase in its off-to-on photoswitching quantum yield.

13 ne, leading to an enhanced photoluminescence quantum yield.

14 h(-1) with >95% selectivity and 19.7+/-2.7% quantum yield.

15 trong D-A interaction with poor fluorescence quantum yield.

16 lar dichroism (CD) spectrum and fluorescence quantum yield.

17 t in the presence of changes in fluorescence quantum yield.

18 bsorption cross-section and a large emission quantum yield.

19 strating significantly enhanced upconversion quantum yield.

20 ractice, e.g., from a change in fluorescence quantum yield.

21 e visible region and their high fluorescence quantum yields.

22 stems are fluorescent in solutions with high quantum yields.

23 ovalent bonds and near-unity phosphorescence quantum yields.

24 sive use in modern microscopy despite modest quantum yields.

25 06-707 nm), but also the lowest fluorescence quantum yields.

26 rption and sharp fluorescence with efficient quantum yields.

27 oligomers become more emissive, showing high quantum yields.

28 exhibits remarkable photostability and good quantum yields.

29 ts the absorption and emission with enhanced quantum yields.

30 es, including longer lifetimes and very high quantum yields.

31 d differences are found for the fluorescence quantum yields.

32 oups leads to a drastic decrease of emission quantum yields.

33 re highly fatigue resistant and exhibit good quantum yields.

34 at, position) and optical properties such as quantum yields.

35 ut are also known to suffer from low optical quantum yields.

36 used by reabsorption on emission spectra and quantum yields.

37 by its molecular environment to achieve high quantum yields.

38 the individual azobenzene isomers and their quantum yields.

39 yer MoS2 is however known to suffer very low quantum yields.

40 PhiX174 exhibited the greatest quantum yield (1.4 x 10(-2)), indicating that it is more

41 Reaction quantum yields (10(-5)-10(-2)) depend on the reaction co

42 urea in tandem (CdS-MAA-TU) exhibited higher quantum yield= 16.64 +/- 1.02%, and more importantly, Cd

43 nction coefficient (180,000 M(-1)cm(-1)) and quantum yield (18%), and photostability comparable to th

44 CNDs shows very good production (12.8%) and quantum yields (40.7%).

45 2B-QH2 is highly emissive in nonpolar media (quantum yields 55-66%), while once oxidized, the resulti

46 or all compounds, we observed a very high PL quantum yield (79-89%) and formation of stable radical i

47 lateral organization of lipid bilayers with quantum yields above 80% and lifetimes above 4 ns.

48 nhancement in dark exciton photoluminescence quantum yield achieved through coupling of the antenna-t

49 s their stability and exhibits a respectable quantum yield and a simple fluorescence decay, with marg

50 ctroscopic changes, increase of fluorescence quantum yield and absorption red shift, provides high la

51 The high quantum yield and efficient reverse intersystem crossing

52 l restraint, including improved fluorescence quantum yield and extended lifetime.

53 cibly prepared to decay radiatively in unity quantum yield and in single channel.

54 sence of PhQA(-) does not impact the overall quantum yield and leads to an almost complete redistribu

55 Photoluminescence upconversion quantum yield and lifetime measurements reveal the high

56 A 4-fold increase in both quantum yield and luminescence lifetime was observed in

57 Quantum yield and radiative decay rates have been observ

58 combining the molar extinction coefficients, quantum yields and (*)OH rate constants predicted experi

59 s are observed, while high photoluminescence quantum yields and essentially unaltered emission spectr

60 R4, WR5, and WR6 displayed high fluorescence quantum yields and excellent photostability in aqueous s

61 tho-nitrobenzyl photocages; however, the low quantum yields and other optical properties are not idea

62 rganic glass monoliths provided fluorescence quantum yields and radiation detection properties exceed

63 M also shows comparable apparent fluorescent quantum yields and undergoes similar photo-degradation b

64 The efficiency of this phototransformation (quantum yields) and the effect of methoxy substituents i

65 cture, a 1.6-fold enhanced photoluminescence quantum yield, and a longer emission lifetime than the s

66 sensor with high extinction coefficient, low quantum yield, and high photobleaching resistance.

67 05), nonmonotonic changes in the relative PL quantum yield, and produce small, nonmonotonic changes t

68 the NIR region with large Stokes shift, high quantum yield, and strong solvatochromism.

69 broad accessible emission range, high native quantum yields, and ease of self-assembly make perovskit

70 enzenes such as high switching efficiencies, quantum yields, and particularly switching wavelengths i

71 bsorption coefficients and high fluorescence quantum yields, and, at the same time, very small Stokes

72 crystal nanowires and gives estimated lasing quantum yields approaching 100%.

73 +) complex undergo efficient photolysis with quantum yields approaching 30 %.

74 oefficient and solid-state photoluminescence quantum yields approaching unity (PhiPL = 0.90-0.97 vs.

75 proximately 5 mm day(-1)) and photosynthetic quantum yields ( approximately 0.7) comparable to health

76 /g-C3 N4 PHJ, achieving an enhanced apparent quantum yield (AQY) of 27% at 440 nm over PCzF/g-C3 N4 .

77 Here we tested the hypothesis that apparent quantum yields (AQY) for DMS photolysis varied according

78 fficiency of (3)DOM* formation (the apparent quantum yield, AQYT).

79 oved through the heavy atom effect, yet high quantum yields are achieved both in solution as well as

80 Moreover, release quantum yields are dramatically improved by boron alkyla

81 We show that quantum yields are highly affected by light gradients an

82 Importantly, even when quantum yields are relatively small, at the conditions o

83 d with simple boranils, whereas fluorescence quantum yields are strongly improved to reach 83%.

84 binding energies, reported photoluminescence quantum yields are typically low and some studies sugges

85 physics combined with a high phosphorescence quantum yield, are employed in red and near-infrared lig

86 with up to a 20-fold increase in fluorescent quantum yield as compared with the free nucleoside, depe

87 formation rates, but negatively with triplet quantum yields, as waters enriched in highly aromatic fo

88 s the bleaching and the on-to-off transition quantum yields, as well as the fraction of molecules ent

89 The abrupt increase in photoluminescence quantum yield at excitation energy above twice band gap

90 ge spectral tunability and high luminescence quantum yields at low excitation densities.

91 All compounds have low fluorescence quantum yields because the excited states undergo deamin

92 , acid and basic forms, respectively) with a quantum yield between 14 and 16% and an excited-state li

93 s exhibit strong blue fluorescence with high quantum yields between 0.8-0.96.

94 to a substantial enhancement of fluorescence quantum yield by 26% for SB and by 46% for BSB and shift

95 shade conditions, and by directly enhancing quantum yield by 5-10% under low-light conditions.

96 g a reversible reduction in the fluorescence quantum yield by as much as 90%.

97 These rules may boost the CT quantum yield by depleting unproductive recombination ch

98 osamine with the enhancement of fluorescence quantum yields by 14 folds.

99 a and are characterized by high fluorescence quantum yields (ca. 0.5-0.7) and brightness (ca. 35000-4

100 The quantum yield can be increased with the incorporation of

101 Quantum yield coefficients for excited triplet-state OM

102 orescence and (1)O2 phosphorescence emission quantum yields collected on Br2B-PMHC and related bromo

103 The high chemical and quantum yields combined with the outstanding absorption

104 rption and emission with higher fluorescence quantum yield compared to BODIPY 2a.

105 ission maxima and a higher photoluminescence quantum yield compared to its carbonaceous analogue.

106 Importantly, the observed quantum yields correspond to a dramatic 10-fold enhancem

107 ctrally distinct chromogenic states with low quantum yields, corresponding to absorbance in a ground

108 tendency for byproduct formation in terms of quantum yields could be achieved, and a strong dependenc

109 rameters of the probe such as photobleaching quantum yield, count rate per molecule, and intensity of

110 maxima were in the range of 440-465 nm, and quantum yields decreased in the order 2a > 3a> 3b.

111 days of light-dark cycles at relatively high quantum yields, demonstrating a self-replicating route t

112 tantial enhancement of the photoluminescence quantum yield despite carrier trapping.

113 h eliminates a number of potential errors in quantum yield determination protocol and provides higher

114 n be avoided using a method for fluorescence quantum yield determination that relies on simultaneous

115 most widely used procedure for luminescence quantum yield determination, absorption and emission spe

116 rd routinely used procedure for the relative quantum yield determination.

117 uantum dots, because of their lower emission quantum yields, difficulties associated with synthesizin

118 less assays, though it suffers from very low quantum yield, especially when included in double strand

119 peak emission wavelengths near 900 nm and a quantum yield exceeding 16% for 4,6-bis(2-thienyl)thieno

120 The observed quantum yield for free chlorine loss actually decreased

121 Maximum quantum yield for light-limited CO2 assimilation was als

122 The quantum yield for the CH3CN/H2O ligand exchange of 2 was

123 t the presence of seawater halides increased quantum yields for microcystin indirect photodegradation

124 ed to the coordination site could reach good quantum yields for multiple Ln(III), including the visib

125 We find that the quantum yields for photorelease with this photocage are

126 engers and kinetic modeling, we have derived quantum yields for radical generation by the UV photolys

127 excited triplet-state OM (3OM*) and apparent quantum yields for singlet oxygen (1O2) were measured fo

128 mes in living cancer cells give rise to high quantum yields for the generation of (1) O2 , with large

129 The quantum yields for the py/H2O ligand exchange of 3 and 4

130 The overall quantum yield formation of this extended charge-separate

131 so conserved, with comparable singlet oxygen quantum yields found to the free chlorin.

132 stal surface increases the photoluminescence quantum yield from 5% to an unprecedentedly high 70% and

133 These are the maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm), alpha (alpha), light saturation c

134 ity at temperatures beyond 300 degrees C and quantum yields greater than 40%.

135 while maintaining the high photoluminescence quantum yields (>50%), sharp absorption features, and na

136 including fluorophore ORF cross sections and quantum yields have been quantified for the first time f

137 n, easily observable even by naked eye, with quantum yield higher than the standard 9,10-diphenylanth

138 Their low photoluminescence quantum yield, however, makes them hard to detect under

139 rease in the trans-to-cis photoisomerization quantum yield in a counterintuitive way, as these extens

140 bsorption and emission wavelengths, and high quantum yield in buffer.

141 luorescent substitute of G, with respectable quantum yield in oligonucleotides.

142 onjugates must be stable and maintain a high quantum yield in the in vivo environments.

143 cular charge transfer, moderate fluorescence quantum yields in both solutions and thin films, and ext

144 ar solvents, but they have high fluorescence quantum yields in nonpolar solvents.

145 scence measurements of photosystem II (PSII) quantum yields in optically dense systems are complicate

146 monstrate how measured distributions of PSII quantum yields in plant tissue change under natural tiss

147 ey show extremely different photoluminescent quantum yields in solution and in the solid state: in cy

148 te-strength aqueous aerosol, with comparable quantum yields in solution and viscous films (10(-5)-10(

149 Although the molecules displayed low quantum yields in solution, higher quantum yields were o

150 able via the shell thickness with associated quantum yields in the 4.4-16.0% range.

151 eplacing phenyl with naphthyl), fluorescence quantum yields increased (up to 10-fold), and electroche

152 As in DNA, we find a high quantum yield inside RNA duplexes (<PhiF> = 0.22) that i

153 Quantum yield investigations support a radical chain mec

154 ization potential, the one-photon ionization quantum yield is 4.5 x 10(-3).

155 ta are presented that indicate that the high quantum yield is a result of the absence of OH oscillato

156 The singlet quantum yield is greatly enhanced with quaternarization

157 respect to [8]cycloparaphenylene 1, and its quantum yield is higher; (ii) in the presence of an octa

158 The photolysis quantum yield is temperature invariant at liquid helium

159 reased below 22.1 GPa, thus enhancing the PL quantum yield leading to Sn (3) P1 --> (1) S0 photons tr

160 time to mature and have a large fluorescence quantum yield, long fluorescence lifetime, good photosta

161 The LSC exhibits high photoluminescence quantum yield, low reabsorption, and relatively low refr

162 todissociation has too low of an efficiency (quantum yield <1%) to be useful as an optogenetic tool.

163 he formation of cob(II)alamin, but only with quantum yield <1%.

164 A are defined by a small increase in average quantum yield (<PhiF > = 0.24) compared to dsRNA, with a

165 equently, externally measured effective PSII quantum yields may be composed of signals derived from c

166 ons, most notably ultrafast spectroscopy and quantum yield measurements in solvents of different pola

167 on and emission spectroscopies, lifetime and quantum yield measurements, and modeling by DFT and TD-D

168 cted compounds have been analyzed, including quantum yield, molar absorptivity, and Stokes shift.

169 se in fluorescence, resulting in the highest quantum yield molecular fluorophore thus far.

170 red emission (610 nm) with good brightness (quantum yield more than 90%), which is an essential para

171 The NCs exhibit high photoluminescence quantum yields, narrow emission line widths, and conside

172 bout 26 days was estimated with an effective quantum yield of 0.08.

173 tautomer (480 nm) emissions with an overall quantum yield of 0.25.

174 ns, the anion exhibited a photoluminescence quantum yield of 0.61(4) and fast quenching kinetics tow

175 kable fluorescent intensity with a very good quantum yield of 0.85 and lifetime of 870ps.

176 her enhanced to 164 mumol/h with an apparent quantum yield of 1.8% at 350 nm by loading 2 wt % of ext

177 thiophene sulfone co-polymer has an apparent quantum yield of 2.3 % at 420 nm, as compared to 0.1 % f

178 Unprecedented solid-state TTA-upconversion quantum yield of 23% (TTA-upconversion reaction efficien

179 ophores IR-FE and IR-FEP exhibit an emission quantum yield of 31% in toluene and 2.0% in water, respe

180 -dots showed strong photoluminescence with a quantum yield of 4%.

181 ion with single crystal absolute florescence quantum yield of 41.2% but also high charge carrier mobi

182 Measurements of the quantum yield of 8-DEA-tC mispaired with adenosine and,

183 The quantum yield of a photochemical reaction is one of the

184 all PbS colloidal quantum dots (CQDs), and a quantum yield of approximately 10%, almost 2 orders of m

185 tion of a long-lived base-off species with a quantum yield of approximately 9%.

186 This treatment improves the quantum yield of both freshly synthesized (PLQY approxim

187 The high quantum yield of derived CNPs made them suitable for pat

188 Fluorescence quantum yield of each dyad in nonpolar solvent (toluene)

189 ith tracking accuracy thereby limited by the quantum yield of fluorophores and by photobleaching.

190 Accordingly, the quantum yield of H2 release nearly reaches unity as the

191 ondary photoreactions; (iii) it enhances the quantum yield of intersystem crossing (ISC), i.e., it is

192 onversion efficiency of 1.1% and an apparent quantum yield of over 30% at 419 nm.

193 strong red fluorescence with a fluorescence quantum yield of PhiF = 0.3.

194 We exploit their characteristic quantum yield of photo-switching to imprint spatio-tempo

195 At pH 3.6-4.3, the internal quantum yield of photons-to-reducing electrons is 37.1%

196 photosynthetic light reactions (the maximal quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII) reaction centre m

197 Changes in the quantum yield of porous silicon photoluminescence occur

198 of 28% for the mediocre LG acetate and a 95% quantum yield of release for chloride.

199 tor and the substrate, determine the overall quantum yield of repair.

200 Unlike the high fluorescence quantum yield of the naturally occurring green fluoresce

201 ular hydrogen bond favors an increase of the quantum yield of the photocyclization reaction.

202 Both types of traps reduced the quantum yield of the radiative decay of the excitons, an

203 ajor UV-induced lesions) in genomic DNA; the quantum yield of these dimers in TEL21/Na(+) is found to

204 etermined by measuring the photoluminescence quantum yield of these QD-molecular conjugates at varyin

205 Quantum yields of (3)DOM, measured by electron and energ

206 The cages are highly emissive (luminescence quantum yields of 16(1) to 18(1)%) and exhibit impressiv

207 Apparent quantum yields of 1O2 followed similar trends to those o

208 -diiodo-B-dimethyl BODIPY photocage features quantum yields of 28% for the mediocre LG acetate and a

209 P = 180 (average F P = 57), Purcell-enhanced quantum yields of 62% (average 42%), and a photon emissi

210 fluorophores are exceptionally bright, with quantum yields of around 0.8, and they were found to spe

211 to acquire steady-state emission spectra and quantum yields of highly absorbing samples is presented.

212 At T = 300 K, these materials exhibit quantum yields of more than PhiPL = 90% at short emissio

213 nvestigated their effect on the fluorescence quantum yields of Pdots.

214 By simultaneously measuring the quantum yields of photochemistry and chlorophyll fluores

215 In particular, we find that the quantum yields of photorelease are improved with derivat

216 For example, the overall quantum yields of simple secondary amines release are 0.

217 The relative photoluminescence quantum yields of the CDots with blue, green, and red em

218 Despite the multistage process, the quantum yields of the photorearrangement are rather high

219 to experimental results, revealing that high quantum yields of the quinoline and isoquinoline derivat

220 s, applied on molecular emission spectra and quantum yields of the samples, accurately reproduce expe

221 ht of the spectrometer, and the ratio of the quantum yields of these processes is about 3.3.

222 The quantum yields of these processes vary significantly, fr

223 , while maintaining appreciable fluorescence quantum yields of up to 0.2 for emission maxima longer t

224 Stokes shifts in the region of 70-96 nm and quantum yields of up to 45%.

225 cording to their microsecond lifetimes, with quantum yields of up to 58%.

226 The series exhibits quantum yields of up to phi = >4%, with emission maxima

227 efficients (up to 1042000 M(-1) cm(-1)), and quantum yields of up to unity.

228 are luminescent, with measured fluorescence quantum-yields of up to 80% in ethanol for the more rigi

229 sorption and emission maxima or fluorescence quantum yields, of the synthesized molecules are highlig

230 onversion to the ground state with near unit quantum yield on a time scale < 100 ps and an activation

231 We measure an average nitrite quantum yield (Phi(NO2(-))) of (1.1 +/- 0.2)% (313 nm, 5

232 tants (k') (210-2730 m(2) einstein(-1)), and quantum yields (Phi) (0.03-0.95 mol einstein(-1)).

233 ure and its low average intersystem crossing quantum yield (PhiISC).

234 50 nm, near-unity intersystem crossing (ISC) quantum yields (PhiISC), and triplet excited-state (T1)

235 1)) and display green fluorescence with high quantum yields (PhiPL = 0.2, 0.8, and 0.8, respectively)

236 ion rates, RRI) and intrinsic (to predict RI quantum yields, PhiRI) parameters.

237 some of the substituted thiophenes have high quantum yield photoluminescence upon UV light irradiatio

238 ction coefficients, outstanding fluorescence quantum yields, photostability, and pH-independent fluor

239 Hole transfer from high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) CdSe-core CdS-shell semiconductor n

240 toluminescence (PL) with a photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of about 30% after surface treatmen

241 re highly luminescent with photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQY) ranging from 20% to 80%.

242 ll increase both the up- and down-conversion quantum yields, potentially exceeding the Shockley-Queis

243 However, relatively low quantum yield prompts a need for developing methods for

244 iphilic polymer), which exhibits a very high quantum yield (QY = 78%), excitation wavelength-dependen

245 ell increases the linear photon upconversion quantum yield (QY) from 3.5 % for PbS QDs to 5.0 % for P

246 uaraine-based Pdots show a high fluorescence quantum yield (QY) of 0.30 and a large Stokes shift of a

247 n, 2,3-PyAn yielded the highest upconversion quantum yield (QY) of 12.1+/-1.3 %, followed by 3,3-PyAn

248 ), the aggregates exhibit a low fluorescence quantum yield (QY) of 2-5%, similar to bulk films, howev

249 ategy to synthesize carbon dots (CDs) with a quantum yield (QY) of nearly 13.9% has been built up, wh

250 The Kok effect - an abrupt decline in quantum yield (QY) of net CO2 assimilation at low photos

251 justing the nanocrystal size (5-12 nm), high quantum yield (QY) of up to 85% and PL fwhm of <22 nm.

252 u preparation to yield complexes with higher quantum yield (QY) over time.

253 t blue photoluminescence (PL) with excellent quantum yield (QY) up to 12% as well as sufficient brigh

254 2.5-100 nm) with high photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield (QY; ca. 15-55 %) and product yield have b

255 We determine the quantum yields (QYs) for dissociation of (R)- or (S)-epi

256 The photoluminescence quantum yields range from 40 to 52%.

257 n water, with Stokes shifts of up to 110 nm, quantum yields ranging from 0.01 to 0.29, and fluorescen

258 resulting fluoromodules exhibit fluorescence quantum yields ranging from 0.17 to 0.51 and excellent p

259 The donor, qAN1, has quantum yields reaching 21% and 11% in single- and doubl

260 temperature solutions, with observed triplet quantum yields reaching as high as 156 +/- 5%.

261 QD and dye PL intensities, when adjusted for quantum yields, reflected changes in the relative rate o

262 y, the Yb-1 complex exhibits the highest NIR quantum yield reported for a lanthanide(III) complex con

263 Measurements of the quantum yield reveal that a radical chain mechanism is o

264 n an improved onset of the photoluminescence quantum yield roll-off at high excitation densities.

265 via energy transfer to a higher fluorescence quantum yield squaraine dye molecule on 50 ps timescales

266 s higher color purity, horizontal ratio, and quantum yield than 2DPyM-mDTC, which has a more flexible

267 nd emission spectra, and higher fluorescence quantum yield than its unfused precursor; DFT calculatio

268 robes exhibit 2-3 orders of magnitude higher quantum yields than commonly employed infrared emitters

269 S core/shell structures are shown to exhibit quantum yields that exceed 80%.

270 ules with >1,000 nm emission suffer from low quantum yields that have limited temporal resolution and

271 Despite the relatively low fluorescence quantum yields, the push-pull BODIPYS were effective for

272 ssion wavelength, extinction coefficient and quantum yield through distinct structural domains in the

273 method for the determination of fluorescence quantum yields to facilitate a fast characterization of

274 in-coating method exhibits photoluminescence quantum yield up to 60% and excellent uniformity of elec

275 exhibit narrow-band emissions at 529 nm and quantum yield up to 85%.

276 photoluminescence performance (with internal quantum yield up to 95%) but also that their emission en

277 were developed, featuring photoluminescence quantum yields up to 0.81(2) and lifetimes to 117(1) ns.

278 ide-based core-shell-shell nanocrystals with quantum yields up to 82% and improved photo- and long-te

279 at room temperature (83% yield) display high quantum yield (up to 74%) and circularly polarized lumin

280 ld enhancement in the squaraine fluorescence quantum yield upon encapsulation as a rotaxane.

281 Quantum yield values for hydrogen production from ethano

282 DIPY fluorescence is restored, with emission quantum yield values of ca. 0.54 in toluene.

283 All Ln-1 complexes possess very high quantum yield values with respect to other literature co

284 Quantum yields varied little (0.12-0.59 mol/Einstein), s

285 creased with increasing viscosity, while the quantum yield was increased.

286 the orientational doping on the fluorescence quantum yield was observed for those hybrid polyphenylen

287 The highest lanthanide-centered luminescence quantum yields were 35% (Tb), 7.9% (Eu), 0.67% (Dy), and

288 The quantum yields were enhanced by excluding molecular oxyg

289 layed low quantum yields in solution, higher quantum yields were observed in the solid state.

290 On-resonance fluorescence quantum yields were quantified for the model molecular f

291 belled dendrimers exhibited high fluorescent quantum yields where the absorbance and fluorescence spe

292 mission lifetimes and poor photoluminescence quantum yields whereas complexes having a methoxy group

293 cm(-1) extinction coefficient and up to 40% quantum yield, whereas far-red operation region enables

294 ion and emission with decreased fluorescence quantum yield, whereas the electron withdrawing group at

295 article photoluminescence features including quantum yield, which ranges from 0.13 to 3.65% depending

296 derivatives with higher intersystem crossing quantum yields, which can be promoted by core heavy atom

297 solid state usually exhibit low fluorescence quantum yields, which limit their applications in many a

298 pe CNPs (SU-CNPs) shows the high product and quantum yield with good photostability, excellent water

299 nts as compared with conventionally measured quantum yields with even exposure to actinic light.

300 , several dyes were found to have reasonable quantum yields within this NIR region (>1%), with emissi