ライフサイエンスコーパス: radiative

1 energy-gravitational, thermal, magnetic and radiative.

2 cessity faces the sky, it also naturally has radiative access to the coldness of the universe.

3 suppression of Nile summer flooding via the radiative and dynamical impacts of explosive volcanism o

4 r dynamics and use a rate equation to relate radiative and non-radiative recombination events to meas

5 Successful metrics ought to (i) include both radiative and nonradiative climate forcings; (ii) reconc

6 hanges have on the relative probabilities of radiative and nonradiative decay of the QD exciton.

7 resolved fluorescence spectroscopy furnishes radiative and nonradiative fluorescence decay rates in v

8 an important role in regulating the rates of radiative and nonradiative relaxation.

9 umber of flares, coronal mass ejections, the radiative and particulate environment of the heliosphere

10 differing sensitivity of drought metrics to radiative and physiological aspects of increasing CO2 pa

11 PNFs' spectral reflectance to suit different radiative and thermal environments, yields PNFs which ex

12 onfinement potential strongly suppresses non-radiative Auger processes in charged nanocrystals, with

13 We show that non-radiative Auger recombination dominates the threshold cu

14 al charge quenches photoluminescence via non-radiative Auger recombination, whereas for the other, th

15 modes, regional atmospheric composition and radiative balance and precipitation in the Sahel.

16 c aerosols play an important role in Earth's radiative balance directly, by scattering and absorbing

17 an gas molecules, dominating the atmospheric radiative balance from the ground to an altitude of 700

18 of light absorbing brown carbon (BrC) on the radiative balance in the region.

19 snow and ice can have strong effects on the radiative balance of the Arctic.

20 Cirrus clouds determine the radiative balance of the upper troposphere and the trans

21 Atmospheric aerosols influence Earth's radiative balance, having both warming and cooling effec

22 F), important to the global aerosol load and radiative balance.

23 e climate via direct and indirect effects on radiative balance.

24 -surface temperature pattern, stability, and radiative budget are also found in observations on inter

25 ribute to SOA, yet their role in the Earth's radiative budget is poorly understood.

26 iles has the potential to affect the Earth's radiative budget, and also that bulk chemical properties

27 ne of the main factors governing the Earth's radiative budget, but its exact effects on the global cl

28 he Greenland ice sheet through its impact on radiative budget, runoff and accumulation.

29 s and plays an important role in the Earth's radiative budget.

30 of high-quality perovskite films with longer radiative carrier recombination lifetime, smaller densit

31 ld enhancements (at room temperature) in the radiative conductance between parallel-planar surfaces a

32 substrate by a few nanometres, the observed radiative conductances decreased from unexpectedly large

33 ly single sided contact, we measure enhanced radiative conduction up to 16 times higher than the blac

34 uto's thermal structure is expected to be in radiative-conductive equilibrium, the required water vap

35 By analyzing radiative-convective equilibrium simulations, we show th

36 pulsed lasers is faster than collisional and radiative cooling and requires much lower energy than co

37 e metamaterial, which is vital for promoting radiative cooling as a viable energy technology.

38 he saturation water vapor pressure and hence radiative cooling by water vapor in clear-sky regions.

39 It is argued that radiative cooling by water vapor plays an important role

40 Our work shows that the concept of radiative cooling can be used in combination with the ut

41 Passive radiative cooling draws heat from surfaces and radiates

42 dramatically increases mesospheric long-wave radiative cooling efficiency, causing unusually cold tem

43 uds with warming of the initial state--slows radiative cooling of the surface and amplifies continent

44 r coating, the metamaterial shows a noontime radiative cooling power of 93 watts per square meter und

45 Here, we reveal an ultrafast radiative cooling regime between neighboring plasmon-sup

46 hors predict that an ultrafast (femtosecond) radiative cooling regime takes place in plasmonically ac

47 Radiative cooling technology utilizes the atmospheric tr

48 to develop a textile that promotes effective radiative cooling while still having sufficient air perm

49 icture of optical heating is supplemented by radiative cooling, which typically takes place at an eve

50 rolled by the change of atmospheric longwave radiative cooling.

51 tions such as temperature sensing and active radiative cooling.

52 n absorber by as much as 13 degrees C due to radiative cooling.

53 ry layer known as the tachocline between the radiative core and the convective envelope.

54 In solar-type stars (with radiative cores and convective envelopes like our Sun),

55 effects are attributed to changes in the non-radiative damping and energy transfer.

56 The evolution of a quantum state undergoing radiative decay depends on how its emission is detected.

57 tes are attributed to be one of the main non-radiative decay mechanisms that shortens the exciton lif

58 contributions from material luminescence and radiative decay of electromagnetic eigenmodes.

59 for CdSe core nanocrystals to achieve unity radiative decay of excitons in single channel in compari

60 es of traps reduced the quantum yield of the radiative decay of the excitons, and the hole traps asso

61 delayed luminescence that corresponds to the radiative decay of the molecular triplet state.

62 tions can be monitored in situ following the radiative decay of tunnelling-induced surface plasmons.

63 cond time scales via two spectrally distinct radiative decay processes, which we assign to band-to-ba

64 conclusion rules out Purcell enhancement of radiative decay rate as a possible explanation of the re

65 super-linear dependence of the intensity and radiative decay rate on the excitation power.

66 Quantum yield and radiative decay rates have been observed to decrease for

67 ld of gold nanocone antennas, we enhance the radiative decay rates of monoexcitons and biexcitons by

68 sees the formation of VF color centers whose radiative decay ultimately leads to broadened PL.

69 ed marked increases in photoluminescence and radiative decay, attributed to the presence of unbalance

70 hrough enhanced absorption of light, and its radiative decay, which in turn boosts (1)O2 phosphoresce

71 t rectification ever predicted for far-field radiative diode configurations.

72 The infrared cloud radiative effect (CRE) at the surface is modulated by cl

73 o systematically constrain the aerosol-cloud radiative effect in shallow clouds through a combination

74 This impact results from a cloud radiative effect of 29.5 (+/-5.2) W m(-2).

75 ooling events in the upper-ocean because the radiative effect of volcanic forcings is short-lived.

76 The models generally capture the cloud radiative effect, but underestimate cloud cover and show

77 tes 28.25% ( 0.02 W m(-2)) of the whole CCLB radiative effect, twice greater than contrail effect.

78 tment of aerosols, clouds, and aerosol-cloud radiative effects carries large uncertainties that direc

79 ents only, while the significance of aerosol radiative effects has been a long-standing controversy.

80 ized by climate models, and changes in their radiative effects strongly and directly contribute to th

81 reduced by up to 1.1 K due to the particles' radiative effects.

82 g in larger open-circuit voltages and higher radiative efficiencies.

83 Correction of the instantaneous radiative efficiency (0.36 W m(-2).ppbv(-1)) with the re

84 Evaluation of schemes to estimate radiative efficiency (RE) based on computational chemist

85 cm(2) molecule(-1) cm(-1) which results in a radiative efficiency of 0.217 W m(-2) ppb(-1).

86 is unique approach enables us to improve the radiative efficiency of unpassivated GaAs nanowires by a

87 asing from a nanomaterial that combines high radiative efficiency with a picosecond carrier lifetime

88 -semiconductor absorption fraction, external radiative efficiency, series resistance, shunt resistanc

89 nanomaterials combining high gain with high radiative efficiency.

90 The impacts of radiative, electrical and thermal losses on the performa

91 Thermal radiative emission from a hot surface to a cold surface

92 This increases the hybrid structure's radiative emission yield sevenfold, validating the relev

93 to an oscillation in the amount of soot and radiative emission.

94 spin configuration with generally forbidden radiative emission.

95 nificant role in controlling the atmospheric radiative energy balance on other planets, as on Jupiter

96 Photo-induced non-radiative energy dissipation is a potential pathway to i

97 g Solar System planetary atmospheres, as its radiative energy equilibrium is controlled primarily by

98 the F8BT), maximizing the efficiency of non-radiative energy transfer (NRET) between the donor and t

99 The chimera exhibits efficient non-radiative energy transfer from luciferase to GAF-FP, res

100 velengths shorter than 370 nm, the far field radiative enhancements of aluminum nanostructures are si

101 size of the nanoparticle and have far field radiative enhancements of up to three orders of magnitud

102 trally selecting long-wavelength photons for radiative exchange.

103 interaction of electrons and holes leads to radiative excitonic recombination and subsequent coheren

104 holes is universally associated with strong radiative feedback and powerful outflows.

105 X-ray-selected black holes that reveals that radiative feedback on dusty gas is the main physical mec

106 ravitational potential of the black hole; by radiative feedback; or by the interplay between outflows

107 ve caused an extraordinary downward longwave radiative flux to the ice surface, which may then amplif

108 The optical radiative force on the mechanical structure is also cons

109 absorption of solar energy and hence direct radiative forcing (DRF), little is known regarding the i

110 anic and atmospheric circulation patterns to radiative forcing and climate change to improve the skil

111 and may play an important role in planetary radiative forcing and climate.

112 ore likely to have larger impacts on aerosol radiative forcing and could serve as biomass burning tra

113 cles (UAVs) during the CARDEX (Cloud Aerosol Radiative Forcing and Dynamics Experiment) investigation

114 with the global mean greenhouse gases(GHGs) radiative forcing and is attributable primarily to a str

115 s of emissions scenarios, not just the total radiative forcing and resultant warming level, must be c

116 The topic of cloud radiative forcing associated with the atmospheric aeroso

117 to slow global warming, until recently, the radiative forcing associated with volcanic aerosols in t

118 nce 1750 corresponds to a global annual-mean radiative forcing at the tropopause of 1.82 +/- 0.19 W m

119 les should be measured or controlled and (2) radiative forcing by BrC aerosols could be overestimated

120 overestimation of BC loadings and BC Direct Radiative Forcing by current models over North Pacific,

121 sensitivity of Earth's climate to changes in radiative forcing could depend on the background climate

122 -eq yr(-1) ), producing an overall positive radiative forcing effect of 2.4 +/- 0.3 kt CO2 -eq yr(-1

123 change to estimate GHG fluxes and associated radiative forcing effects for the whole wetland, and sep

124 Pbio factors using a forest growth model and radiative forcing effects with a time horizon of 100 yea

125 BrC), adding uncertainties to global aerosol radiative forcing estimations.

126 The negative radiative forcing expected from this CO2 uptake is up to

127 n of the new temperature reconstruction with radiative forcing from greenhouse gases estimates an Ear

128 systematically overestimate the response to radiative forcing from increasing greenhouse gas concent

129 st uncertain component of the overall global radiative forcing from preindustrial time.

130 a major (35-53%) contributor of atmospheric radiative forcing from the estuary, while N2O contribute

131 is up to 231 times greater than the positive radiative forcing from the methane emissions.

132 ld be roughly 10-fold less than if that same radiative forcing had been produced using sulfate aeroso

133 Methane has the second-largest global radiative forcing impact of anthropogenic greenhouse gas

134 implications for aerosol hygroscopicity and radiative forcing in areas with wildfire influence owing

135 response to CO2, defined by the response to radiative forcing in the absence of changes in sea surfa

136 their potential impacts in human health and radiative forcing in the air.

137 ing regions, such as the subtropics, the CO2 radiative forcing is larger because the atmosphere is dr

138 In particular, North Atlantic TC response to radiative forcing is poorly understood and creates the d

139 the intertropical convergence zone, the CO2 radiative forcing is reduced, or "masked," by deep-conve

140 Given differences with current radiative forcing it remains uncertain if the Pacific wi

141 Others suggest that radiative forcing might also play a role.

142 A radiative forcing of -1 Wm(-2), for example, might be ac

143 ize led to cloud brightening and global-mean radiative forcing of around -0.2 watts per square metre

144 est a larger role for biomass burning in the radiative forcing of climate in the remote TWP than is c

145 The largest uncertainty in the historical radiative forcing of climate is caused by the interactio

146 coverage of low clouds, yielding significant radiative forcing of climate.

147 ing radiation leads to a significant role in radiative forcing of climate.

148 the humid climate due to a stronger longwave radiative forcing of coarser aerosols.

149 2) yr(-1) is required to offset the positive radiative forcing of increasing CH4 emissions until the

150 Radiative forcing of methane (CH4) is significantly high

151 Notably, the overall radiative forcing of open-water fluxes (3.5 +/- 0.3 kg C

152 anding for how such aerosols influence solar radiative forcing of the atmosphere.

153 re thought to be important for anthropogenic radiative forcing of the climate, yet remain poorly unde

154 health, air quality, and direct and indirect radiative forcing on climate.

155 However, radiative forcing on Jupiter has traditionally been attr

156 ains, Canada, and evaluate its impact on net radiative forcing relative to potential long-term net ca

157 of the twenty-first century for the steepest radiative forcing scenario is about 15 per cent warmer (

158 es of future global warming across the major radiative forcing scenarios, in general.

159 tor of approximately two even under the same radiative forcing scenarios.

160 Future modeling of OA radiative forcing should consider the importance of both

161 The palsa site (intact permafrost and low radiative forcing signature) had a phylogenetically clus

162 The bog (thawing permafrost and low radiative forcing signature) had lower alpha diversity a

163 The fen (no underlying permafrost, high radiative forcing signature) had the highest alpha, beta

164 logenetic diversity associated with a higher radiative forcing signature.

165 These represent scenarios in which total radiative forcing stabilizes before 2100 (RCP 4.5) or co

166 e (CaCO3) aerosol particles might reduce net radiative forcing while simultaneously increasing column

167 rs (an increase of approximately 9 Wm(-2) of radiative forcing) was almost completely negated by a lo

168 ntury, then the associated large increase in radiative forcing, and how the Earth system would respon

169 ouse gases is usually quantified in terms of radiative forcing, calculated as the difference between

170 atmosphere, with potential implications for radiative forcing, residence times and other aerosol cha

171 e, thereby buffering human effects on global radiative forcing.

172 formation and therefore cloud properties and radiative forcing.

173 t has the potential to be a strong source of radiative forcing.

174 fferences in the factors producing increased radiative forcing.

175 nstrain atmospheric CH4 levels and attendant radiative forcing.

176 ning results from spatial structure in CO2's radiative forcing.

177 ransfer to suppress the cloud masking of the radiative forcing.

178 ntly larger than in other scenarios of lower radiative forcing.

179 ue to reductions in short-lived gases or net radiative forcing.

180 vely to understand the contribution of BB to radiative forcing.

181 m(-2), which is much larger than some of the radiative forcings considered in the Intergovernmental P

182 a strongly nonlinear response of monsoons to radiative forcings is found in the seasonal onset of the

183 ously from wet to dry stable states as their radiative forcings pass a critical threshold, sometimes

184 e shorter timescale and by variations in the radiative forcings used to drive models over the longer

185 c sea surface temperature gradient, external radiative forcings, and the low-pass filtering character

186 ising from temperature observations, climate radiative forcings, internal variability and the model r

187 assimilation and by prescribing the external radiative forcings, this system simulates the observed l

188 nearly linear dependence on a wide range of radiative forcings.

189 ion, and climate's response to anthropogenic radiative forcings.

190 ), we observe a field-induced enhancement of radiative free carrier recombination rates that lasts ev

191 ission increases likely exert a positive net radiative greenhouse gas forcing through the 21st centur

192 realize the orders of magnitude increases in radiative heat currents predicted from near-field radiat

193 sent, experimental techniques to measure the radiative heat flow relied on steady-state systems.

194 ngth of the blackbody emission spectrum, the radiative heat flux increases by orders of magnitude.

195 Super-Planckian near-field radiative heat transfer allows effective heat transfer b

196 Recent experiments have demonstrated that radiative heat transfer between objects separated by nan

197 Here, we show near-field radiative heat transfer between parallel SiC nanobeams i

198 ramework, Polder and Van Hove predicted that radiative heat transfer between planar surfaces separate

199 periodic temperature modulation, to measure radiative heat transfer down to gaps as small as two nan

200 Here we measure radiative heat transfer for large temperature difference

201 Radiative heat transfer in Angstrom- and nanometre-sized

202 Here we report studies of radiative heat transfer in few A to 5 nm gap sizes, perf

203 ms the validity of this theory for modelling radiative heat transfer in gaps as small as a few nanome

204 tive heat currents predicted from near-field radiative heat transfer theory.

205 ermore, our state-of-the-art calculations of radiative heat transfer, performed within the theoretica

206 ial to achieve a high degree of asymmetry in radiative heat transfer.

207 f novel technologies that leverage nanoscale radiative heat transfer.

208 l marked, gap-size-dependent enhancements of radiative heat transfer.

209 phonon polaritons, which dominate near-field radiative heat transport in polar dielectric thin films.

210 lower surface mixed layer because of aerosol radiative heating and reduced turbulence.

211 uroral chemistry dominates the stratospheric radiative heating at middle and high latitudes, exceedin

212 ntroduction of cloud condensation nuclei and radiative heating by sunlight-absorbing aerosols can mod

213 tensity can create concurrent sounds through radiative heating of common dielectric materials like ha

214 Moreover, the radiative heating of the lower stratosphere would be rou

215 normal textile, greatly outperforming other radiative heating textiles by more than 3 degrees C.

216 Modern radiative hydrodynamic models account well for blue-shif

217 milar feedbacks, giving rise to a global net radiative imbalance of similar sign, although the former

218 Representing Sc and their radiative impact is one of the largest challenges for gl

219 little direct observational evidence of the radiative impact of increasing atmospheric CO2.

220 We attribute this difference to the radiative impacts of continental ice-volume changes (the

221 ols largely determine the magnitude of their radiative impacts on the climate system.

222 tending to significantly underestimate dust radiative impacts on the ISM system.

223 d grain temperatures, arising because of the radiative inefficiency of the smallest grains, probably

224 implemented, allowing for the simulation of radiative (leaky) modes.

225 ed attribution of the sub-nanosecond exciton radiative lifetime in nanoprecipitates of CsPbBr3 in mel

226 rrow exciton linewidth (18 mueV) reaches the radiative lifetime limit, which is promising towards gen

227 states of these complexes, and estimate the radiative lifetimes in the ground states of these "semi-

228 ed the emission efficiency and reduced their radiative lifetimes making them competitive with the bes

229 al signal can be further correlated with the radiative local density of optical states in particular

230 of a reverse shock when both ionization and radiative losses are important.

231 to change the radiation pattern and suppress radiative losses or to reduce absorption, enabling the p

232 However, sub-bandgap and non-radiative losses will significantly degrade the cell per

233 ng a surface-plasmon-enhanced excitation and radiative mechanism for the amplification.

234 metal-ligand bond that destabilizes the non-radiative metal-centred ligand-field states.

235 Here we present a joint hydrodynamic and radiative model showing that during the first seconds of

236 oism is rather subtle, and is related to non-radiative (Ohmic) dissipation of the constituent metamol

237 s, competing with vibrational relaxation and radiative or nonradiative processes occurring in upper e

238 ), and that it can be swept away even at low radiative output rates.

239 d 1-km2 land use change maps, and MODIS fire radiative power observations.

240 ent-day satellite observations of the fire's radiative power output and atmospheric CO concentrations

241 e flux over the Pacific Ocean may affect the radiative processes and changes the budget of atmospheri

242 Infrared radiative processes are implicated in Arctic warming and

243 However, these higher-order radiative processes are usually quenched in colloidal qu

244 as lasing media is to effectively reduce non-radiative processes, such as Auger recombination and sur

245 rosol concentrations on the distribution and radiative properties of Earth's clouds is the most uncer

246 ce sheets through changes in climate and the radiative properties of the ice.

247 ied, mainly because of uncertainties in dust radiative properties, which vary greatly over space and

248 degradation routes, oxidation products, and radiative properties.

249 Enhanced radiative rate (20x) and light outcoupling (100x) from P

250 phosphorescence parameters, like intensity, radiative rate constant, lifetime, polarization, zero-fi

251 This includes quantum dot radiative rate enhancement in microcavities, and a path

252 nce amplitudes, corrected for differences in radiative rates, are used to calculate absolute partitio

253 Non-radiative recombination (NRR) of excited carriers poses

254 ansfer and tunneling dominate over intrinsic radiative recombination and exciton energy transfer to s

255 monstrate that the combined influence of non-radiative recombination and gain peak-cavity mode de-tun

256 ents that simultaneously probe the excitonic radiative recombination and the molecular ordering in so

257 which we assign to band-to-band emission and radiative recombination at shallow intrinsic defect site

258 a rate equation to relate radiative and non-radiative recombination events to measured photoluminesc

259 improve charge generation at the cost of non-radiative recombination loss.

260 t formation, which otherwise would cause non-radiative recombination losses).

261 BSs) that result from dangling-bond-assisted radiative recombination of spin-forbidden dark excitons.

262 Non-radiative recombination plays an important role in the p

263 Enhancement of the radiative recombination rate in the presence of Ag-NPs i

264 ed to the long carrier lifetimes and low non-radiative recombination rates, the same physical propert

265 films still contain performance-limiting non-radiative recombination sites and exhibit a range of com

266 als have focused on reducing the rate of non-radiative recombination through improvements to material

267 ing the significant effect of increasing non-radiative recombination with increasing temperature, a p

268 er charge transfer state energy and less non-radiative recombination, resulting in larger open-circui

269 lled impurity doping to increase the rate of radiative recombination.

270 transition probability, line broadening, non-radiative relaxation and energy transfer, are covered wi

271 As a result of non-radiative relaxation pathways, the plasmons in such sub-

272 s generally negligible compared to other non-radiative relaxation processes because of the weak coupl

273 iconductors that can couple to light through radiative relaxation.

274 A stationary radiative shock is expected to form 100-1,000 km above t

275 ter droplets increase the density of optical radiative states at the location of the SLG, leading to

276 Devices fabricated from films formed via radiative thermal annealing have equivalent efficiencies

277 sults from in situ X-ray diffraction using a radiative thermal annealing system with device performan

278 Here we present the application of radiative thermal annealing, an easily scalable processi

279 of configuration that acts like a far-field radiative thermal diode.

280 dielectric offers a promising way to reduce radiative thermal losses at high temperatures.

281 propose a theoretical concept of a far-field radiative thermal rectification device that uses a phase

282 ce gases and the relatively long atmospheric radiative time constant.

283 ver, limited by the lack of devices enabling radiative transfer between macroscale planar surfaces se

284 mall-angle scattering approximation (SAA) to radiative transfer for sub-diffusive light reflectance a

285 f light scattering simulations, a two-stream radiative transfer model and a RGB (Red, Green, Blue) co

286 Calculations using a radiative transfer model indicate that tropical TMLCs ha

287 Here we combined radiative transfer models (RTMs) with field observations

288 Radiative transfer models calculate that the increase in

289 Our radiative transfer models show that these droplets exper

290 Radiative transfer models show that these motions occur

291 siderably among models due to differences in radiative transfer parameterizations, explaining a subst

292 rption responses through improvements to the radiative transfer schemes could reduce the spread in th

293 l circulation model simulations with altered radiative transfer to suppress the cloud masking of the

294 Given the importance of aerosol particles to radiative transfer via aerosol-radiation interactions, a

295 r transfer has been made in the realm of non-radiative transfer, which employs magnetic-field couplin

296 flectance for minimizing thermal losses from radiative transfer.

297 The few current radiative-transfer and chemical-transport models that in

298 ments (15-300 K), which have allowed probing radiative transitions and understanding of the appearanc

299 orophyll f is best supported as a low-energy radiative trap, the physical location should be close to

300 The development of non-radiative wireless power transfer has paved the way towa