ライフサイエンスコーパス: reactant

1 amine functional group toward the activated reactant.

2 d by consumption of (ArBO)3 as a first-order reactant.

3 electron-withdrawing groups on the aldehyde reactant.

4 dical center to the shifting hydrogen in the reactant.

5 ophile, which can be a solvent molecule or a reactant.

6 nanoreactors that self-assemble around their reactants.

7 ucts starting with structurally very similar reactants.

8 ding the classical diffusion between the two reactants.

9 vity among inequivalent C-H bonds in organic reactants.

10 covering novel combinations of three or more reactants.

11 m fashion and using environmentally friendly reactants.

12 the nucleophilic attack of the amine on the reactants.

13 multielectron conversions of small-molecule reactants.

14 fely use hazardous intermediates and gaseous reactants.

15 ing, there are always sufficiently energetic reactants.

16 mponent schemes involving heterobifunctional reactants.

17 with complex product patterns for different reactants.

18 available volume affects the activity of the reactants.

19 the relative location and orientation of the reactants.

20 on by changing the redox state of one of the reactants.

21 periodic changes in the concentration of the reactants.

22 process consequent to the flexibility of the reactants.

23 coordinates lie ca. 4 kcal mol(-1) below the reactants.

24 h liquid droplets that contain complementary reactants.

25 interface depended on the properties of the reactants.

26 litated by simple mechanical grinding of the reactants.

27 of the stringent requirements placed on the reactants.

28 ld conditions, and employs readily available reactants.

29 in redox conditions and the availability of reactants.

30 nal time compared to those of the individual reactants.

31 (overproduced in oxidative stress) and other reactants.

32 he large permanent dipole moments of the two reactants.

33 c thin films on a substrate from vapor phase reactants.

34 products of all transformations in a set of reactants.

35 has less structural freedom than that of the reactants.

36 s of 1-octene 2b with vicinally dioxygenated reactants 1a, 1b, 1i, 1j, 1k, 1m, higher alpha-olefins a

37 In this reaction, both reactants 2 and 3 deviated from their normal reactivitie

38 and inherent mixing of microliter volumes of reactants (3 muL droplets), yielding total reaction volu

39 The three-dimensional (3D) structure of the reactant, a helical diphenanthrene derivative, requires

40 With weakly basic reactants, a small quantity of added H(+) (HClO4, 0.0001

41 the benefit of controlling the rate by which reactants access a gated catalyst for promoting chemical

42 tem to demonstrate the effects of reversible reactant adsorption on the SECM response.

43 erimentally is commonly ascribed to stronger reactants adsorption or their facile activation on such

44 s, which mutually activate and organise both reactants, affording either the syn- or anti-adduct with

45 mplates greatly improve the accessibility of reactants allowing the achievement of 4,942 W/kg (8,649

46 reduces the interaction between the deformed reactants along the entire reaction coordinate.

47 m models to confirm first, the nature of the reactants, an aluminium hydroxide dimer and silicic acid

48 (or enamine) to form a hydrogen bond with a reactant and (2) the flexibility of the alkylamine (or a

49 that preserves the pi-electron system of the reactant and leads to C-O selectivity enhancement, with

50 umerically calculated from directly observed reactant and product equilibrium concentrations; a DNA c

51 re, the proximity of silver nanoparticles to reactant and product increases the energy-transfer effic

52 ween exciton and charge-transfer states, the reactant and product of the charge separation reaction,

53 In the new rule-based formalism, every reactant and product pattern and every reaction rule are

54 weighting over all configurations where the reactant and product states are equienergetic.

55 f loosely bound and tightly bound hydrolysis reactant and product states to coordinate motor action,

56 n the vibronic coupling between the diabatic reactant and product states.

57 ated no significant barrier for diffusion of reactant and product, and served as a good solid state i

58 ation reaction by a detailed analysis of the reactant and reaction products from atomically resolved

59 M-5 crystals in different zeolite framework, reactant and solvent environments.

60 ds to the keto carbonyl group of the Nazarov reactant and the primary amine accepts a hydrogen bond f

61 report electric field values relevant to the reactant and transition states of designed Kemp eliminas

62 ) constants for the reaction between initial reactants and 1-(chloroamino)ethanol were determined bet

63 le Cu-BTC single crystals using concentrated reactants and an acetic acid modulator.

64 epare an ultracold few-body quantum state of reactants and demonstrate state-to-state chemistry for t

65 surface complexation mechanisms between the reactants and earth abundant materials to effectively ac

66 , three participate in contacts to the bound reactants and five are remote from the catalytic sites.

67 emical transformations of different species (reactants and initially formed photoproducts).

68 important implications for the transport of reactants and ions to surfaces and for engineering the r

69 itiated by colliding droplets with different reactants and levitating the merged droplet indefinitely

70 ral and vibrational characterization of both reactants and photoproducts has been undertaken.

71 s with full quantum state resolution for all reactants and products has been a long-term challenge.

72 ed to equilibrium with comparable amounts of reactants and products in aprotic solvent, whereas in pr

73 The basic chemical properties of reactants and products in this reaction are then reviewe

74 ility, influences the local concentration of reactants and products thus affecting equilibria, rates

75 tic tautomers provide the Janus faces of the reactants and products which produces the observed chrom

76 ing the concentrations and properties of the reactants and products, rather than by modifying the cat

77 lid catalyst, and gas-phase and liquid-phase reactants and products.

78 tate energies and structures relative to the reactants and products; (iii) coupling between the motio

79 d exchange of energy; (iv) solvent caging of reactants and products; and (v) structural changes to th

80 rformed using accessible equipment where the reactants and reagents are delivered by the pump or the

81 t structure, pH of the medium, purity of the reactants and reagents particularly with respect to the

82 trating that they destabilize TS relative to reactants and RO, and that TS exhibits most of the Coulo

83 include: (i) formation of complexes between reactants and solvent molecules; (ii) modifications to t

84 temperature, calcination, pH and the type of reactants and solvents on the structure of the final pro

85 matic pockets, which geometrically constrain reactants and stabilize specific reactive intermediates

86 zed from the elements as well as from binary reactants and subsequently characterized crystallographi

87 Noncovalent interactions between reactants and the catalyst provide selectivity and new o

88 influenced by the spatial arrangement of the reactants and the electrostatic environment of the latti

89 ntal parameters such as the concentration of reactants and the growth time, and by introducing a refr

90 ions, hydroxide and hypochlorite are primary reactants and their associated second-order reaction rat

91 lculated charges and structural features for reactants and transition states support these conclusion

92 cated at the junction between the reservoir (reactant) and reaction chambers.

93 ic approach to replenishment or recycling of reactants, and an in situ module for membrane fabricatio

94 d and accessible porosity for adsorbates and reactants, and are non-toxic, biocompatible, thermally s

95 range of alkene and electron-deficient arene reactants, and has been used in the direct arylation of

96 electrolytes and phosphate), and acute phase reactants, and recorded the nutritional therapy given in

97 ects and of the conformations adopted by the reactants, and the most favorable transition structure r

98 ds are generally batch type, time-, energy-, reactant-, and cost-consuming.

99 led redox reactions between the products and reactants are also observed.

100 When complex mixtures of the amine reactants are employed in competition experiments using

101 ster conversions in which the FemSq cores of reactants are transformed to new structures, usually of

102 Increases in acute phase reactants are typical of polymyalgia rheumatica.

103 lations also reveal quasibound states in the reactant arrangement, which have yet to be resolved expe

104 Weak interactions between the medium and the reactant as well as the free space in a reaction cavity

105 where the transition-metal hydride acts as a reactant as well as transformations that form the metal

106 tion, exploiting alcohols and pi-unsaturated reactants as redox pairs, which upon hydrogen transfer g

107 affect the local adsorption geometry of the reactants as well as the intermediate and final structur

108 er-limiting and the reaction zeroth order in reactants as well as the oxidant.

109 deactivate even after prolonged exposure to reactants at high temperature, and present comparable, e

110 The confinement of two reactants at the interface to form a new product can be

111 sis for interactions between the protein and reactants at the TS.

112 Surprisingly, reactants (ATP and peptide substrates) bind with negativ

113 ons and perturb the electronic states of the reactants because of hybridization.

114 many of the intermediate states back to the reactants before the product fully forms.

115 Employing diol and tetraol reactants, benzannulation can be conducted efficiently i

116 ated that, through the choice of the nitrile reactant, benzofurans are also accessible.

117 consistent with a pathway in which preceding reactant binding greatly facilitates the rate of covalen

118 n purification of drugs, removal of residual reactants, biochemical analytics, medical diagnostics, t

119 ition within the gorge from alkyne and azide reactants bound at the two sites, respectively.

120 The covalent chemistry of individual reactants bound within a protein pore can be monitored b

121 ectively provide excess energy to one of the reactants but not to the product, thus preventing therma

122 of functional ID that is not an acute-phase reactant, but challenges in its interpretation arise bec

123 odeling suggests that destabilization of the reactant by filled-filled orbital mixing events in some,

124 f providing suitable chiral environments for reactants by themselves, via the formation of individual

125 tion range 100-500 nmol/mol, with NO and NO2 reactants/calibrants diluted down from standards with no

126 Carboxylic acids and amine/amino acid reactants can be converted to amides and peptides at neu

127 When the reactants can exchange between bulk and a confined phase

128 hat involve fluorinated components either as reactants, catalysts, solvents or additives, and a compa

129 ith 100% selectivity for ring opening of all reactants catalyzed by the Rh NP.

130 Defined OS-SET model reactants (CO2 radical anions, S(2-)-doped graphene oxid

131 eactions that (i) occur wherever appropriate reactants come together, (ii) are so typical that many h

132 ments such as high temperature and corrosive reactants compared to the more conventional muCS materia

133 ization conformations of the platinum-alkene reactant complex, only a subset of which are productive

134 In the ternary reactant complex, the thiol group of Cys-21 of the pepti

135 e a high rate of product formation while the reactant concentration is high, but they perform best at

136 tions were performed examining the effect of reactant concentration, reactant ratio, acid catalyst (T

137 n be employed to manipulate the shape of the reactant concentration-time profile in a batch reactor t

138 bundances, post-translational modifications, reactant concentrations and allosteric effectors.

139 emonstrating highly flexible manipulation of reactant concentrations as a function of both location a

140 introduction of organic matter, and diluted reactant concentrations as compared to a reference condi

141 (3)P) formation was found to be dependent on reactant concentrations in certain cases.

142 Factors including pH and initial reactant concentrations influence the DBP formation.

143 directions were obtained under a variety of reactant concentrations to identify associated kinetic p

144 function of pH, organic matter presence, and reactant concentrations was explored using sequential-sp

145 action sensitive to trace impurities (LiCl), reactant concentrations, and isotopic substitution.

146 that predicts product distribution for given reactant concentrations, thus enabling straightforward c

147 The 3D microfluidic chip reduces reactant consumption and facilitates solution delivery c

148 ation to some extent, but in the presence of reactants containing an alcohol linked to a reactive fun

149 nd motions between catalytic site groups and reactants decreased transition state barrier crossing by

150 These reactants deoxygenate predominantly via decarbonylation

151 he 4pi (diene) and 2pi (dienophile) pairs of reactants dictates the oxidation state of the newly form

152 ndent fluorescence outputs when exposed to a reactant diffusion gradient.

153 Described is a reactant-directed regioselective synthetic method, which

154 nantiomer is only possible at the expense of reactant distortion.

155 es by in situ modulation of the vapour-phase reactants during growth of these two-dimensional crystal

156 e complication of mass transport between the reactants during the lifetime of radical intermediates i

157 once decoupled from the lattice, couples to reactant dynamics (water librations).

158 r selectivity toward reactions with nonpolar reactants (e.g., nonpolar free radicals) in supercritica

159 emistry facilitates reactions with insoluble reactants, enables high-yielding solvent-free synthetic

160 lying ca. 7 kcal mol(-1) below the separated reactants F+(H2 O)3 .

161 icate (TEOS) at the interface of two laminar reactant flows.

162 ria, rates and selectivity, pre-arranges the reactants for desired reactions and alters the relative

163 Model reactants for outer-sphere single electron transfer gene

164 talysis through their effects on positioning reactants for phosphoryl transfer and easing barriers to

165 tors enabling a productive apposition of the reactants for reactivity.

166 hydroxides (green rusts, GRs) are promising reactants for reductive dechlorination of chlorinated so

167 een catalytically active metal particles and reactant gases depend strongly on the particle size, par

168 anding catalytic activity is achieved as the reactant gases flow through this 3D natural wood-derived

169 This argument is not valid because the reactant gases were evacuated at temperatures from 525 t

170 A small cluster included acute-phase reactant genes (SAA1, SAA2, and SAA2-SAA4).

171 ons containing a combination of two or three reactants had antioxidant capacities.

172 rd possibility: if one or more of the powder reactants has a low melting point and low thermal effusi

173 hydrogen bond from the hydroxyl group of the reactant have been modeled.

174 on can restore equilibrium after a subset of reactants have surmounted the barrier to become products

175 rbons were produced from the Bamford-Stevens reactant in 82% overall yield.

176 oltammetry without labeling or addition of a reactant in solution; the competitive hapten/antibody tr

177 l importance of the prototypical acute-phase reactant in the etiology of the disease is unknown, and

178 Moreover, because water is a reactant in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkal

179 However, grinding the reactants in air allows NaCl to form directly without an

180 method of the reaction, either combining the reactants in an air-free environment or grinding homogen

181 Using readily available reactants in an operationally simple procedure, the prot

182 ires careful preparation and manipulation of reactants in an oxygen-free environment; trace quantitie

183 ese photoproducts are important oxidants and reactants in surface waters, atmospheric drops, and snow

184 curves associated with the distortion of the reactants in the Diels-Alder reactions are nearly identi

185 ctivation strain computed from the distorted reactants in the transition structures are larger for un

186 t can solubilize and preorganize hydrophobic reactants in water.

187 Self-assembly of the reactants in well-defined molecular domains prior to rea

188 Key reactants include volcanic ash (source of reactive alumi

189 sing a set of target test tubes to represent reactant, intermediate, and product states of the system

190 ling between the chemical steps in which the reactant, intermediates, and products are involved and t

191 microscopy techniques, we characterized the reactants, intermediates, and products as a function of

192 charge tagged reactions (MBH/aza-MBH), most reactants, intermediates, and the final adducts were eff

193 r) enabled complete conversion of a range of reactants into corresponding Michael adducts in a couple

194 s are the sum of the energies to distort the reactants into geometries they have in transition states

195 ructure that binds, activates and brings the reactants into reaction proximity by conformational move

196 It was found that the nature of reactant ion positive (RIP) is dependent on the discharg

197 rent electronic and steric properties of the reactant is insufficient to predict the excited state be

198 from solvent-driven pre-organization of the reactants is most significant.

199 Merging microdroplets of different reactants is one such approach.

200 the catalytically active acid-base sites and reactants, it is concluded that the catalytic cooperativ

201 Delayed reactant labeling allows us to directly link the kinetic

202 Delayed reactant labeling is achieved by using a combination of

203 The method, referred to as delayed reactant labeling, allows investigation of a reaction mi

204 l relationships between the products and the reactants; larger changes in conformation result in high

205 heterogeneous rocks, pore-scale transport of reactants limits dissolution and can reduce the average

206 coefficient of amino acids, determining the reactants location, can substantially influence the MR a

207 as potential cosubstrate and detoxification reactant may improve future bioremediation strategies.

208 were prepared using the modulated elemental reactant method by varying the layer sequence and layer

209 ty, the matrix and the physical state of the reactants might be important for acrylamide formation.

210 The atomic-level transformations of all reactant moieties, the [Nb6O19](8-) polyanion, its Cs(+)

211 mized choices of binding configurations of a reactant molecule compared with continuously packed bime

212 connected to increased binding affinities of reactant molecules for low-coordinated Au atoms.

213 The reactivity of O2 and O toward reactant molecules is also briefly discussed in the cont

214 onic structure for adsorbing or dissociating reactant molecules.

215 etal nanoparticles can activate the adsorbed reactant molecules.

216 ansition structure geometry from the relaxed reactant monomers and to a narrow HOMO-LUMO gap.

217 g, as the ultraviolet absorbance spectra for reactant MTA and product adenine are similar.

218 are relatively more hydrophilic than parent (reactant) nC60.

219 density of hydrate-forming molecules (i.e., reactants of CO2 and water) at the mineral surface (rega

220 und-state geometries of diketones 12 used as reactants of the PDDA.

221 s of magnitude greater than any other immune reactant (on a 0-3 scale).

222 chemical pathway by a moiety, which is not a reactant or a product of the biochemical reactions in th

223 s the concentration or partial pressure of a reactant or product.

224 basis for the design of novel bioconjugation reactants or fluorogenic labeling agents.

225 nvolving transition-metal hydrides as either reactants or products.

226 rames chemical reaction rates in solution as reactants overcoming a barrier in the presence of fricti

227 in which the number of hydrogen atoms in the reactant pair and in the resulting product is reduced by

228 A new bioorthogonal reactant pair, spiro[2.3]hex-1-ene (Sph) and 3,6-di(2-py

229 nt extent to which each topology facilitates reactant preconcentration and alignment of PC and NAI vi

230 erimental techniques used for state specific reactant preparation and for detection of surface bound

231 bination of a molecular beam, state specific reactant preparation by infrared laser pumping, and ultr

232 H2O formation rates measured as functions of reactant pressures and temperature and the interpretatio

233 t measurements of the vertical fluxes of the reactant-product pair N2O5 and ClNO2 to assess the role

234 nasal airway response including acute-phase reactants proteins (fibrinogen, haptoglobin and CRP), ce

235 mining the effect of reactant concentration, reactant ratio, acid catalyst (TFA or BF3.OEt2), concent

236 um(II) diolate mediated by the diol or ketol reactant releases the cycloadduct with regeneration of r

237 hydrogen transfer from the secondary alcohol reactant releases the product of carbinol C-alkylation w

238 hydrogen transfer from the secondary alcohol reactant releases the product of carbinol C-H vinylation

239 e reduced metal centers while the gaseous O2 reactant replenishes these lattice oxygen vacancies.

240 n-rich metallic 1T phase and an organohalide reactant, resulting in functional groups that are covale

241 cattering of the leaving ion relative to the reactant RY velocity.

242 er of advantages including simple procedure, reactant-saving, reduced pollution, and feasibility for

243 lent C-C bonds to each monomer and a lack of reactant single-crystal order.

244 As reactant solution passes over the wells, metabolites for

245 tant to product with a single passage of the reactant solution through the cell.

246 by flow cells operating with recycle of the reactant solution.

247 f-pathway aggregates sequester the monomeric reactant species but may be applicable to a large number

248 dered by spectral overlap of the product and reactant species.

249 The encapsulation layer is permeable to reactants, stable under the reaction conditions and stro

250 derstanding the reaction's mechanism and how reactant structure controls rates and equilibria in the

251 roduct is significantly more stable than the reactants, supporting the experimental characterization.

252 terostructures using the modulated elemental-reactant technique to nucleate specific 2D building bloc

253 re synthesized using the modulated elemental reactant technique.

254 activation and long-range inhibition of the reactants--that sets a blueprint for the location of the

255 e thermal-pyrolysis temperature and ratio of reactants, the maximum emission of the resulting CDots g

256 eld, a QM/MM model was built to describe the reactants, the nanoparticles and the surroundings.

257 n subject to a unidirectional flow of the BZ reactants, the system displays groups of chemical waves

258 n the concentration gradient of redox-active reactants; the increased entropy is transformed into ele

259 The organic reactant to iron molar ratio and pH were found to affect

260 selective syntheses with high conversion of reactant to product with a single passage of the reactan

261 e relative transport kinetics of protons and reactants to an electrocatalyst and the relationship bet

262 and oxygen (O) on the surface, allowing the reactants to collide, and, with a transient close to a p

263 rrangements are compared among the lithiated reactants to determine the reaction pathways.

264 adjacent graphene layers, and the ability of reactants to diffuse into the disordered intercalate pha

265 e, and [(11)C]phosgene represent alternative reactants to enable (11)C-carbonylation.

266 th proper alignments of the azide and alkyne reactants to form the triazole remains a likely limiting

267 iles, which are rapidly intercepted by amine reactants to generate amides/peptides and o-mercaptobenz

268 Use of Rh2 (pfb)4 or Rh2 (esp)2 directs the reactants to regioselective [3+2]-cycloaddition generati

269 Here, we use a simple model with unsaturated reactants to show that specificity for one substrate ove

270 but also providing better mass transport of reactants to the electrocatalyst.

271 and OH...O hydrogen bonds are enhanced from reactants to transition states.

272 ethylene glycol, serving both as solvent and reactant, transforms the fluorosulfated tyrosine peptide

273 pairwise interactions between the catalysts, reactants, transition states and products of a particula

274 Independently controlling reactant transport to electrocatalyst surfaces at high o

275 icient pathways for electron and electrolyte/reactant transports.

276 s by reactive decarbonylation with the bulky reactant trimethylamine-N-oxide.

277 e constants versus the concentrations of the reactants used in excess.

278 ical oxidation with tripropylamine (TPrA) co-reactant using supercapacitor power and ECL was captured

279 stereocenters from achiral or chiral racemic reactants via transition metal catalysis.

280 that is attributed to greater overlap of the reactant vibronic ground state with the OD vibronic stat

281 fur and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) are the only reactants, we create a family of sulfur/PAN (SPAN) nanoc

282 intermediates as a result of the two initial reactants were found after ten hours (100 degrees C) to

283 All reactants were found to increase the rate of deoxygenati

284 A [2+2]-photocycloaddition between both reactants which can be prepared from wood-based starting

285 ost commonly by using a low concentration of reactants), which has a negative impact on the detection

286 CL was also observed using oxalate as the co-reactant, which was dissolved in the aqueous continuous

287 tum phenomena in the translational motion of reactants, which are usually negligible at room temperat

288 nanoreactor' by actively transporting oxygen reactants while protecting the nanocarbon product from h

289 action monitoring and used a fraction of the reactants, while the larger scale in vitro reactions onl

290 er (LiBH4)n nanoclusters with n = 2 to 12 as reactants, while the possible products include (Li)n, (B

291 rom weak to strong trans-phase H-bonding for reactants with basic pK(a) < ca. -6 and to interfacial p

292 ontaining isotopically labeled and unlabeled reactants with different reaction times.

293 a. -6 and to interfacial proton transfer for reactants with higher basic pK(a) > ca. 2 (pKa of conjug

294 types of ligands and metal complexes used as reactants with hydrosilanes.

295 the product selectivity in hydrogenations of reactants with more than one reducible group.

296 studied for the efficient redox reaction of reactants with silicon through a metal catalyst by varyi

297 at the interaction between the two principal reactants with solvent (H2SO4) molecules significantly a

298 applied to a transition state that connects reactants with two or more products involving reaction p

299 Comparison of reactants with various substitution groups showed that e

300 oscopy, were produced from initially aqueous reactants, with two-line ferrihydrite increasing in abun