ライフサイエンスコーパス: rods and cones

1 ysfunction, followed by degeneration of both rods and cones.

2 chanisms regulating the light sensitivity of rods and cones.

3 hat differences exist in the visual cycle of rods and cones.

4 rinsic light sensitivity differences between rods and cones.

5 e recently, followed by a comparison between rods and cones.

6 or elucidating the different roles of Rds in rods and cones.

7 of the light adaptation pathway expressed in rods and cones.

8 omoter for targeting transgene expression in rods and cones.

9 tic gene transfer and gene therapy targeting rods and cones.

10 erences in the kinetics of transmission from rods and cones.

11 02 microm and they receive mixed inputs from rods and cones.

12 34 microm and they receive mixed inputs from rods and cones.

13 measurements of vesicular membrane fusion in rods and cones.

14 ecovery of exocytotic capacitance changes in rods and cones.

15 ed for regeneration of visual chromophore in rods and cones.

16 parting light sensitivity to retinas lacking rods and cones.

17 istinct role of Rds in the OS development of rods and cones.

18 ehavioral responses to light in mice lacking rods and cones.

19 ically determined release rate functions for rods and cones.

20 ibutes to the sensitivity difference between rods and cones.

21 eration and is absent from those with intact rods and cones.

22 amic ranges with the corresponding values of rods and cones.

23 that localizes to the outer segments (OS) of rods and cones.

24 y counting both surviving and TUNEL-positive rods and cones.

25 ir final destination in the outer segment of rods and cones.

26 sults in an age-related degeneration of both rods and cones.

27 pecific antibody that PDEdelta is present in rods and cones.

28 n nocturnal c-fos expression in mice lacking rods and cones.

29 bipolar cell which receives input from both rods and cones.

30 ence for Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release (CICR) in rods and cones.

31 2A (PP2A) acts as opsin phosphatase in both rods and cones.

32 ment melanopsin, but also receive input from rods and cones.

33 zed to the base of the outer segment of both rods and cones.

34 the duration of photoresponse in vertebrate rods and cones.

35 photoreceptor matrix where it surrounds both rods and cones.

36 ulp1-/- mice, with early involvement of both rods and cones.

37 es with distinct arrestin genes expressed in rods and cones.

38 ed to cones across the gap junctions between rods and cones.

39 segment/synaptic terminal (IS/ST) regions of rods and cones.

40 the dark potential or the light responses of rods and cones.

41 ty of bipolar cells that are postsynaptic to rods and cones.

42 The ERG a-wave reflects the activity of both rods and cones.

43 ry localizes SPACR to the matrix surrounding rods and cones.

44 the difference in response kinetics between rods and cones.

45 RBP is synthesized at similar levels by both rods and cones.

46 etinal ganglion cells (pRGCs) in addition to rods and cones.

47 which is then recycled and delivered to both rods and cones.

48 in sensitivity and response kinetics between rods and cones.

49 the effectiveness of PDE activation between rods and cones.

50 cells (ipRGCs), in addition to conventional rods and cones.

51 Tr* activated PDE at a similar efficiency in rods and cones.

52 f HIP mice led to the selective loss of both rods and cones.

53 that all visual information originates with rods and cones.

54 the vertebrate phototransduction pathway in rods and cones.

55 ibutes to the functional differences between rods and cones.

56 known to describe the adaptation behavior of rods and cones.

57 ce both intrinsically and through input from rods and cones.

58 eated areas expressing human RPGR protein in rods and cones.

59 and the outer segment basolateral region in rods and cones.

60 uded from the outer segments of dark-adapted rods and cones.

61 ion that persists in mice lacking functional rods and cones.

62 way, in contrast to the G(t) pathway used by rods and cones.

63 function or loss of the ABCA4 transporter in rods and cones.

64 ties or in the operating ranges of mammalian rods and cones.

65 tients with few or no contributions from the rods and cones.

66 trinsic phototransduction cascade and by the rods and cones.

67 r enzyme of the phototransduction cascade in rods and cones.

68 form a light-sensitive system separate from rods and cones.

69 odies revealed opsin mislocalization in both rods and cones.

70 he rod cell, is reportedly expressed in both rods and cones, a detailed comparison of the localizatio

71 lthough C150S-Rds was detected in the OSs in rods and cones, a substantial percentage of C150S-Rds an

72 Histologic examination revealed the loss of rods and cones across most areas of the retina, attenuat

73 Both rods and cones adapt to background light and to bleaches

74 amage proapoptotic or antiapoptotic, and are rods and cones affected differently?

75 he outer retina, and protected photoreceptor rods and cones after a retina insult.

76 The light signals generated in rods and cones, after processing by downstream retinal n

77 a discordance in the site of cell genesis of rods and cones, allowed opsin expression to commence in

78 ylation and chromatin accessibility in mouse rods and cones and correlate differences in these featur

79 en when the stimulus is isoluminant for both rods and cones and entirely restricted to the subjects'

80 ently in the outer segments of photoreceptor rods and cones and in the basolateral membrane and cytos

81 In summary, IRBP is synthesized by both rods and cones and may be internalized by the pigment ep

82 significant fraction of the photopigment in rods and cones and produces a prolonged decrease in the

83 y disease that affected the function of both rods and cones and progressed to legal blindness in earl

84 the adult mammalian retina can reconnect to rods and cones and restore retinal sensitivity at scotop

85 ys a vital role in phototransduction in both rods and cones and the S100B mode in the transmission of

86 c antibodies were used to examine changes in rods and cones and to evaluate the effects of the primar

87 /-) mouse pups for assessment of delivery to rods and cones and to Rpe65(-/-)Rho(-/-) mouse pups for

88 ption was phosducin, which localized to both rods and cones and, in 28-day detachments, increased to

89 The pRGCs are also innervated by rods and cones and, so, are both endogenously and exogen

90 ipolar cell function, and rd1 mice that lack rods and cones and, therefore, have no input to ON or OF

91 ich likely correspond to differences between rods and cones and/or retinal remodeling in the absence

92 Both outer retinal photoreceptors (rods and cones) and inner retinal photoreceptors (intrin

93 ly photosensitive, are strongly activated by rods and cones, and display a rare, S-Off, (L + M)-On ty

94 sduction proteins have different isoforms in rods and cones, and others are expressed at different le

95 RGS9-1 regulates phototransduction in rods and cones, and RGS9-2 regulates dopamine and opioid

96 ls may enter cones via gap junctions between rods and cones, and then pass from cones to cone bipolar

97 ess abrupt change in the pattern of bleached rods and cones, and we claim the absence of this trigger

98 red with TFPD patients; the function of both rods and cones are attenuated diffusely in LCHADD patien

99 The discovery that mice lacking rods and cones are capable of regulating their circadian

100 Rods and cones are morphologically and developmentally d

101 ly localized and the light responses of both rods and cones are only modestly compromised in prCAD(-/

102 In adults, rods and cones are present in approximately equal number

103 To determine whether retinal rods and cones are required for this response, the effec

104 lls has overthrown the long-held belief that rods and cones are the exclusive retinal photoreceptors.

105 Photoreceptors, rods and cones are the most abundant cell type in the ma

106 en accepted for a hundred years or more that rods and cones are the only photoreceptive cells in the

107 Opsins, which are located in rods and cones, are the pigments for vision but it is no

108 f the retina, including the outer segment of rods and cones, as revealed by immunohistochemistry.

109 logically, an improvement in the survival of rods and cones at early and late disease stages.

110 and KA agonists and antagonists showed that rods and cones both contact pharmacologically similar AM

111 Rods and cones both contribute to the response over seve

112 Rods and cones both showed slow recovery from bleach aft

113 ts phototransduction and affects survival of rods and cones but does not interfere with normal photor

114 in the mammalian retina is not restricted to rods and cones but extends to a small number of intrinsi

115 light under dark-adapted conditions, unlike rods and cones but like most invertebrate photoreceptors

116 (Crx(-/-) ) with degeneration of the retinal rods and cones, but a preserved non-image forming optic

117 differs from phototransduction in mammalian rods and cones, but is remarkably similar to signaling i

118 e responsible for synthesis of cyclic GMP in rods and cones, but their individual contributions to ph

119 g cones by a cone-specific Cre and in mature rods and cones by a tamoxifen-activatable Cre.

120 l development involves orderly generation of rods and cones by complex mechanisms.

121 strates the transcriptional networks of both rods and cones by coordinating the expression of photore

122 various vertebrates, differentially labeled rods and cones by lightly staining rod cell bodies, axon

123 neurodegeneration with eventual loss of both rods and cones by twelve weeks.

124 ces of peripherin/rds overexpression in both rods and cones by Western blot and immunoprecipitation a

125 lls (ipRGCs) provide a conduit through which rods and cones can access brain circuits mediating circa

126 Both rods and cones can support an intact IS/OS junction and

127 hatase regulator) that are expressed in both rods and cones, cause variable disease pathogenesis.

128 nsitivity of release is indistinguishable in rods and cones, consistent with their possessing similar

129 Rods and cones contain closely related but distinct G pr

130 and the distinct topographic distribution of rods and cones correlate with specific ecological needs

131 in nonvisual photoreception, suggesting that rods and cones could operate in this capacity.

132 In some RP cases, rods and cones die off simultaneously or even cone death

133 ter birth (P12-13), and light signaling from rods and cones does not begin until approximately P10.

134 ty was localized to distal processes of both rods and cones during development.

135 onse points to a profound difference between rods and cones; essentially all rods, including those wi

136 Thus, these studies suggest that rods and cones, express the same form of GRK1.

137 ase when free Ca2+ concentrations in retinal rods and cones fall after illumination and inhibit the c

138 Photoreceptor cell loss of both rods and cones followed a similar time course after RD.

139 At the same time, the competition between rods and cones for retina-derived chromophore slowed con

140 Toward this end, rods and cones form triad synapses with dendrites of dis

141 the properties of HCN channels in salamander rods and cones, from the biophysical to the functional l

142 Moreover rods and cones have a different anatomy, with only rods

143 Since rods and cones have different G-protein alpha subunits,

144 These data support the premise that rods and cones have mechanisms for handling retinoids an

145 We show that in rods and cones, HCN channels increase the natural freque

146 called "short" and "long", which seem to be rods and cones; however, the outer segments of both have

147 ighter light, slow photoresponse recovery in rods and cones impaired visual responses to high tempora

148 ich provides the first record of mineralized rods and cones in a fossil and indicates that this 300 M

149 ey rods and cones respond to light much like rods and cones in amphibians and mammals.

150 The function of rods and cones in children born extremely preterm has no

151 rtebrates with properties much like those of rods and cones in existing vertebrate species.

152 lete maps of the topographic distribution of rods and cones in four species of Australian passerines

153 We have previously shown that rods and cones in lamprey respond to light much like pho

154 The number of apoptotic rods and cones in light-damaged eyes correlated signific

155 We investigated gap-junctional coupling of rods and cones in macaque retina.

156 d into single rods diffused into neighboring rods and cones in quinpirole-treated retinas but only di

157 Hyperoxia prevents the degeneration of both rods and cones in retinas heavily dominated by cones and

158 This study provides in vivo images of rods and cones in STGD1.

159 l and temporal aspects of development of new rods and cones in the adult goldfish by using a combinat

160 We show that various types of rods and cones in the dark-adapted salamander retina are

161 the formation of this connectivity, immature rods and cones in the ferret extend processes beyond the

162 demonstrate that CNTFRalpha is expressed by rods and cones in the normal adult canine retina and sug

163 In adult zebrafish, crx is expressed by both rods and cones in the outer nuclear layer, and in cells

164 s showed sparing of foveal cones and loss of rods and cones in the parafovea.

165 The interactions between rods and cones in the retina have been the focus of innu

166 electrical coupling between rods and between rods and cones in the salamander retina.

167 ch, and indicates a major difference between rods and cones in the way that they cope with the photop

168 gnosed patients exhibit considerable loss of rods and cones in their peripheral retinas.

169 f these light-dependent channels to those of rods and cones indicates that significant aspects of the

170 They involve the neurons with which both rods and cones interconnect--retinal second- and third-o

171 tained, raising the possibility that, unlike rods and cones, ipRGCs do not adjust their sensitivity a

172 The visual receptor of rods and cones is a covalent complex of the apoprotein,

173 A negative phototransduction feedback in rods and cones is critical for the timely termination of

174 The transduction of light by retinal rods and cones is effected by homologous G-protein casca

175 termining the functional differences between rods and cones is unknown.

176 BP4, a photoreceptor-specific protein of the rods and cones, is essential for the development and mai

177 nding diseases caused by the degeneration of rods and cones, leaving the remainder of the visual syst

178 ive blinding diseases caused by the death of rods and cones, leaving the remainder of the visual syst

179 In mammalian rods and cones, light activation of the visual pigments

180 In addition to rods and cones, mammals have inner retinal photoreceptor

181 in sensitivity and response kinetics between rods and cones may be the result of a difference in the

182 e apparent OS structural differences between rods and cones may cause cones to be more susceptible to

183 inetics of synaptic transmitter release from rods and cones may contribute to differences in postsyna

184 ame in lamprey and in amphibian or mammalian rods and cones; moreover background light shifts respons

185 ion at about the same intensity as mammalian rods, and cones never saturate.

186 These data identify a signaling mechanism in rods and cones of potential importance for therapies of

187 The absorption of photons in rods and cones of the retina activate homologous biochem

188 These rhythms depend not on the rods and cones of the retina, but on retinal ganglion ce

189 Rods and cones of the two vertebrate lateral eyes hyperp

190 nt of light adaptation not typically seen in rods and cones or in invertebrate rhabdomeric photorecep

191 toreceptor cells, such as ciliary vertebrate rods and cones or protostome microvillar eye photorecept

192 GCs, (ii) the photo-transduction pathways of rods and cones, or (iii) the melanopsin protein and show

193 Consistent with expression of RPGR in rods and cones, our results show that mutations in RPGR,

194 nts modulate many aspects of the function of rods and cones, producing their unique physiological pro

195 hotopigment melanopsin (OPN4), together with rods and cones, provide light information driving nonvis

196 Mice without cones (cl) or without both rods and cones (rdta/cl) showed unattenuated phase-shift

197 sults suggest that classical photoreceptors (rods and cones) regulate the expression of melanopsin mR

198 utions to the functional differences between rods and cones remain speculative.

199 od cell-specific mutation to degeneration of rods and cones remains unclear.

200 Photoreceptor cell (rods and cones) renewal is accompanied by intermittent s

201 Rods and cones resolve details in the visual scene.

202 Rods and cones respond differently to RD.

203 We show that lamprey rods and cones respond to light much like rods and cones

204 Mice lacking rods and cones retain pupillary light reflexes that are

205 is work defines the epigenomic landscapes of rods and cones, revealing features relevant to photorece

206 nts of transcription factor binding sites in rods and cones, revealing key differences in the cis-reg

207 erating the second messenger cGMP in retinal rods and cones, ROS-GC plays a central role in visual tr

208 Xenopus rods and cones secrete into the interphotoreceptor matri

209 Although rods and cones seem to contain distinct transducin subun

210 I(RC) can be observed in rods and cones separated by at least 260 mum, and its wa

211 Retinal rods and cones share a phototransduction pathway involvi

212 one, but not rod photoreceptors, even though rods and cones share similar structures, and closely rel

213 Rods and cones share the same isoforms of recoverin and

214 We find that rods and cones shift into the ablation zone over several

215 th functional, nonfunctional, or degenerated rods and cones show that DENAQ is effective only in reti

216 Rods and cones subserve mouse vision over a 100 million-

217 between rods and to a lesser extent between rods and cones, suggesting that Cx35/36 may participate

218 ese mosaic retinas demonstrated that rescued rods (and cones) survive, even when they are greatly out

219 Why do vertebrates use rods and cones that hyperpolarize, when in insect eyes a

220 g steps evoked sustained calcium currents in rods and cones that in turn produced transient excitator

221 ate definitive molecular differences between rods and cones that may underlie the physiological diffe

222 In addition to rods and cones, the mammalian eye contains a third class

223 e outer nuclear layer develops normally, but rods and cones then quickly degenerate.

224 ed phototransduction gene expression in both rods and cones, thereby blocking functional maturation o

225 butes to visual-pigment renewal in mammalian rods and cones through a non-enzymatic process involving

226 Fluorescently labeled Rab3A, delivered into rods and cones through a patch pipette, binds to and dis

227 These roles may be different in rods and cones, thus contributing to the phenotypic hete

228 BP4 is critical for signal transmission from rods and cones to second-order neurons.

229 The localization of cTalpha in rods and cones under different light conditions was dete

230 channels speed up the light response of both rods and cones under distinct adaptational conditions.

231 Despite the fact that rods and cones use a G-protein signaling cascade with si

232 tic vesicle endocytosis, we hypothesize that rods and cones use distinct mechanisms for vesicle recyc

233 the photoreceptors of the parietal eye, like rods and cones, use a cGMP cascade and not an InsP3-medi

234 and detailed; they argue for the presence of rods and cones very early in the evolution of vertebrate

235 s in retina detect the glutamate released by rods and cones via metabotropic glutamate receptor 6 (mG

236 hosphodiesterase pathway found in vertebrate rods and cones, visual transduction in cephalopod (squid

237 ography, and morphologic preservation of the rods and cones was assessed with immunohistochemistry.

238 e to light even when all synaptic input from rods and cones was blocked.

239 Neurobiotin coupling between rods and cones was consistent with our electrical record

240 , and the location of the cone Talpha within rods and cones was examined under different light condit

241 Coupling between rods and cones was not modulated by either dim backgroun

242 Exocytosis from rods and cones was triggered by membrane depolarization

243 ights into the molecular differences between rods and cones, we compared the gene expression profile

244 Using mice lacking rods and cones, we measured the action spectrum for phas

245 Marked differences in the distribution of rods and cones were also found.

246 Voltage-gated L-type Ca(2+) currents in rods and cones were differently modulated by SRIF.

247 Retinal rods and cones were evaluated in wild-type (WT), Arr1(-/

248 Rods and cones were immunolabeled with specific antibodi

249 Rods and cones were labeled, and apoptotic cells were id

250 sis revealed that outer segments of Rp1(-/-) rods and cones were morphologically abnormal and became

251 For decades, rods and cones were thought to be the only photoreceptor

252 functionally significant differences between rods and cones, whereas excitatory and adaptational prop

253 for the image-forming pathway begins at the rods and cones, whereas that for the non-image-forming p

254 Retinal rods and cones, which are the front-end light detectors

255 of simple ciliated cells, unlike vertebrate rods and cones, which display more elaborate, surface-ex

256 In mammals, light is detected by (1) rods and cones, which mediate visual function, and (2) i

257 ision relies on two types of photoreceptors, rods and cones, which signal increments in light intensi

258 RPGR was found in the connecting cilia of rods and cones with no evidence for species-dependent va

259 ipheral regions contained reduced numbers of rods and cones with short to absent outer segments.

260 e kinetics of photoresponse recovery in both rods and cones, with this mechanism probably especially