ライフサイエンスコーパス: scotopic

1 educed corresponding to areas with RDR (mean scotopic 12.8 dB and mean mesopic 17.2 dB) as compared t

2 super p53 mouse exhibited reduced rod-driven scotopic a and b wave and cone-driven photopic b wave re

3 y (ERG) was used to evaluate the recovery of scotopic a- and b-wave amplitudes after a single 137-cd.

4 significantly decreased functional response (scotopic a- and b-wave amplitudes) in the Mcoln1(-/-) mi

5 toreceptor decline, with significantly lower scotopic a- and b-wave amplitudes, decreased cell number

6 ographic responses, characterized by reduced scotopic a- and b-wave and oscillatory potentials.

7 RGs recorded from mutant mice had diminished scotopic a- and b-wave and photopic b-wave amplitudes.

8 Scotopic a- and b-waves and oscillatory potentials in th

9 The least sensitive component was the scotopic a-wave (RmP3) showing a 50% reduction at an IOP

10 months, and 40% at 9 months and older, while scotopic a-wave amplitudes were decreased by 20% at 9 mo

11 Rp2h(-/-) scotopic a-wave and photopic b-wave amplitudes declined

12 Rod ERG responses (scotopic a-wave) were not affected in CNGB3(-/-) mice.

13 croM) reduced the pSTR and nSTR, but not the scotopic a-wave, b-wave or OPs.

14 y more than 50%, whereas all five had normal scotopic a-wave, b-wave, and OP amplitudes.

15 on) was defined by the extent of photopic vs scotopic abnormality.

16 ng rate of AII amacrine cells limits central scotopic acuity.

17 plitudes, and 11 had reduced photopic and/or scotopic amplitudes at their first visit.

18 However, at high scotopic and low mesopic stimulus intensities, close to

19 Scotopic and mesopic fundus-controlled perimetry was per

20 es of full-field stimuli were obtained under scotopic and photopic conditions and were used to catego

21 reatly reduces the light response under both scotopic and photopic conditions, but it does not elimin

22 -driven pathways, which control vision under scotopic and photopic conditions, respectively.

23 onses to full-field stimuli were obtained in scotopic and photopic conditions.

24 Scotopic and photopic electroretinogram responses declin

25 pening, Nphp5(-/-) mice exhibited absence of scotopic and photopic electroretinogram responses, a phe

26 of MT1 receptors within the retina, and the scotopic and photopic electroretinograms (ERG) and retin

27 Scotopic and photopic electroretinograms as well as pupi

28 photoreceptors, leading to abnormalities of scotopic and photopic electroretinograms with decreased

29 Consistently, the scotopic and photopic electroretinographic (ERG) respons

30 njection, treated rd10 mice were examined by scotopic and photopic electroretinography and then kille

31 showed decreased a- and b-wave amplitudes of scotopic and photopic electroretinography responses 4 mo

32 INS37217 had no adverse effects on scotopic and photopic ERG amplitude and latency paramete

33 Scotopic and photopic ERG analysis did not reveal signif

34 Bilateral, full-field scotopic and photopic ERGs were made at 1, 7, and 14 day

35 Both scotopic and photopic ffERG values were abnormal and aff

36 All founders had abnormal scotopic and photopic ffERGs after 3 months.

37 Scotopic and photopic Ganzfeld ERGs were recorded from h

38 er several weeks, reducing the blind spot at scotopic and photopic luminances.

39 and cones and restore retinal sensitivity at scotopic and photopic luminances.

40 Scotopic and photopic microperimetry (MP-1S; Nidek Techn

41 hreshold sensitivities for each category for scotopic and photopic microperimetry.

42 ing in both plexiform layers and in both the scotopic and photopic pathways in the mammalian retina.

43 Electroretinography showed that scotopic and photopic responses were reduced and delayed

44 Ret function resulted in markedly diminished scotopic and photopic responses.

45 and cone cell numbers were reduced, as were scotopic and photopic responses.

46 optomotor tracking response was used to test scotopic and photopic visual performance.

47 ensitivity very different from the classical scotopic and photopic visual systems.

48 peripheral schisis, and retained near-normal scotopic b-wave amplitude and normal ERG waveforms.

49 On ERG, scotopic b-wave amplitude was significantly preserved in

50 Saturated a-wave amplitude, maximal scotopic b-wave amplitude, and individual a-wave and b-w

51 ma progression rates had significantly worse scotopic B-wave amplitudes at their initial assessment t

52 observed in the saturated a-wave or maximal scotopic b-wave amplitudes between the PSS-injected eyes

53 e amplitudes) or tended toward (photopic and scotopic B-wave amplitudes) a higher mean rate of centra

54 (PDA, 5 mm); however, both also reduced the scotopic b-wave by approximately 40 %.

55 nstrated a reduction in the amplitude of the scotopic b-wave in 4 participants 3 months after implant

56 The scotopic b-wave was more severely affected than the a-wa

57 erface reflectivity significantly influenced scotopic (beta = -0.002, P = .04) and photopic (beta = -

58 was significantly negatively associated with scotopic (beta = -0.25, P = .01) and photopic (beta = -0

59 of life with full-field ERGs that included a scotopic blue intensity series (n = 41) and a bright whi

60 d maximum when ganzfeld luminance was 10(-5) scotopic candela (scot.cd) per meter squared.

61 ined at approximately 2 seconds after the 67 scotopic cd s m(-2) conditioning flash and at approximat

62 The derived rod response to the 670 scotopic cd s m(-2) conditioning flash determined in nor

63 and at approximately 9 seconds after the 670 scotopic cd s m(-2) conditioning flash exhibited an aver

64 etween a fixed conditioning flash (67 or 670 scotopic cd s m(-2)) and a bright probe flash of fixed s

65 near the peak of A(t), k86 was 7.0 +/- 1.2 (scotopic cd s m-2)-1 (mean +/- s.d.; n = 4).

66 For Itest up to approximately 2.57 scotopic cd s m-2, the overall time course of A(t) was w

67 (2)) on a blue rod-saturating background (30 scotopic cd/m(2)).

68 t GCAP1 likely results in higher-than-normal scotopic cGMP levels which may, in turn, account for the

69 spontaneous activity was typically low under scotopic conditions (range 0.2-17.2 Hz) and higher under

70 atial summation (Ricco's area) and age under scotopic conditions had been found.

71 Electroretinogram recordings under scotopic conditions showed severe attenuation of the a-w

72 t to retinal illumination under photopic and scotopic conditions to identify the types of photorecept

73 g with moving bar stimuli under photopic and scotopic conditions to measure the effects of the rod sc

74 The most common response under scotopic conditions was an 'on-excitation' (32 of 48, 62

75 By using intrinsic imaging under scotopic conditions we demonstrate that visual signals g

76 appropriate signals are carried centrally in scotopic conditions when sensitivity rather than acuity

77 Under scotopic conditions, the two cell classes diverge-ON cel

78 tive fields may be radically different under scotopic conditions, when the ON and OFF pathways are ou

79 ed with elevated IOP under both photopic and scotopic conditions.

80 SBCs exhibited robust responses under low scotopic conditions.

81 tivity and visual symptoms under mesopic and scotopic conditions.

82 lity of psychophysical vision measures under scotopic conditions.

83 romatism confers a selective advantage under scotopic conditions.

84 ggests this pathway plays a major role under scotopic conditions.

85 b-wave compared to Panx1 wildtype mice under scotopic conditions.

86 ivity of RGC responses may be modified under scotopic conditions.

87 guided behaviour in the Gnat1-/- mouse under scotopic conditions.

88 We therefore examined scotopic contrast sensitivity of the optomotor response

89 ation between a model of type 1 diabetes and scotopic contrast sensitivity of the optomotor response

90 An early, progressive loss in scotopic contrast sensitivity was observed in Ins2(Akita

91 were significant for all parameters (except scotopic dim-flash b-wave implicit time), ranging from 0

92 trating mixed cone and rod dysfunction and a scotopic electronegative response to bright flashes.

93 gnostic value for patients and families with scotopic electronegative responses to bright flashes.

94 Scotopic electroretinogram (ERG) recording was used to i

95 tly from 9.4 +/- 4.6 to 57.6 +/- 8.8 muV for scotopic electroretinogram and from 10.9 +/- 5.6 to 45.8

96 appearance restricted peripheral vision and scotopic electroretinogram confirmed the diagnosis of re

97 monstrated increased a-wave amplitude of the scotopic electroretinogram.

98 Scotopic electroretinograms (ERGs) were performed 3, 7,

99 Full-field scotopic electroretinograms (ERGs) were recorded from 44

100 Photopic and scotopic electroretinograms were reviewed.

101 Full-field scotopic electroretinographic analysis (ERG) was perform

102 isual function, detected as a deficit in the scotopic electroretinographic response, was improved in

103 hologic changes in the RPE, and a deficit in scotopic electroretinographic response, which is reflect

104 nt the time course of retinal dysfunction by scotopic electroretinography (ERG) and by quantitative m

105 Scotopic electroretinography (ERG) showed a diminished c

106 es of MNU-induced retinal degeneration using scotopic electroretinography (ERG), optical coherence to

107 ogenous C3 expression, mice were analyzed by scotopic electroretinography and fluorescein angiography

108 ek after ischemia by histologic analyses and scotopic electroretinography, respectively.

109 nally, the mutant protein does not support a scotopic ERG a-wave and accelerates photoreceptor degene

110 Pcdh15av-5J and Pcdh15av-Jfb mutant mice had scotopic ERG amplitudes consistently reduced by approxim

111 Scotopic ERG b-wave amplitudes were reduced by 15% at 1

112 The mixed scotopic ERG b-wave was reduced more than the a-wave.

113 The scotopic ERG b-wave, which reflects activity of rod-driv

114 ess (CSNB), characterized by the loss of the scotopic ERG b-wave.

115 The amplitude of scotopic ERG b-waves in KO mice was lower than in wild-t

116 reported sensitive positive component of the scotopic ERG remained in both eyes.

117 o these components are relatively small; (2) scotopic ERG response components to brighter flashes rec

118 ence between ERG amplitudes, recovery of the scotopic ERG response, or retinal morphology between EGF

119 tinal dysfunction, with reduced photopic and scotopic ERG responses and reduced b-wave/a-wave ratios

120 P14 were evaluated at 8 months by full-field scotopic ERG responses and retinal immunohistochemistry.

121 Scotopic ERG responses to brighter flashes, including a-

122 Scotopic ERG responses were lower than age-matched WT re

123 were decreased by approximately 75%, whereas scotopic ERG responses were unchanged; visual acuity was

124 Substantial scotopic ERG signals were maintained in treated rd10 eye

125 Scotopic ERG stimuli were brief white flashes (-6.1 to 2

126 Scotopic ERG stimuli were brief white flashes (-6.64-2.7

127 ities, a sensitive negative component of the scotopic ERG, which normally peaks approximately 200 mse

128 Scotopic ERGs to flash strengths 0.01 to 0.1 phot cd s/m

129 Photopic and scotopic ERGs were recorded in R439H tryptophan hydroxyl

130 Scotopic ERGs were simultaneously recorded from both eye

131 with diminished amplitudes of the b-wave in scotopic ERGs.

132 Photopic and scotopic fine matrix mapping (FMM) were performed to tes

133 The ERG demonstrated a greater reduction in scotopic function compared with photopic function.

134 s by 1 mum was associated with a decrease of scotopic function of 0.96 dB.

135 y testing but have not specifically assessed scotopic function.

136 solution retinal imaging in combination with scotopic fundus-controlled perimetry allows for a more r

137 G b-wave amplitudes were reduced (photopic > scotopic) in FeSO(4)-injected eyes compared with those i

138 al pathway that controls the transmission of scotopic information.

139 s of ON and OFF ganglion cells for which the scotopic inputs derive only from the primary pathway or

140 horizontal meridian, under both photopic and scotopic levels of lighting.

141 intensity of the light phase was reduced to scotopic levels.

142 e solely responsible for photoentrainment at scotopic light intensities.

143 cross cell types was similar at photopic and scotopic light levels, although additional slow correlat

144 additional slow correlations were present at scotopic light levels.

145 tors define circadian responses at very dim "scotopic" light levels but also at irradiances at which

146 10(8) photons/cm(2)/s lowered the latency of scotopic (</= 2.4 x 10(8) photons/cm(2)/s) light-evoked

147 D1R-KO mice showed anomalies in photopic and scotopic maximal amplitude, whereas D2R-KO mice showed h

148 ere decreased in heterozygous KI mice, their scotopic, maximal, and photopic electroretinography resp

149 but only transient changes were observed for scotopic measures.

150 Under bright scotopic/mesopic conditions, this novel form of Mb outpu

151 Photopic and scotopic multifocal electroretinograms (mfERGs) were rec

152 chanism allowed the adaptive exploitation of scotopic niches during the nocturnal bottleneck early in

153 ir temporal adaptation to photopic (day) and scotopic (night) conditions and that the asymmetry confe

154 Scotopic P2 amplitude, but not sensitivity, was signific

155 meters of middle and outer retinal function (scotopic P2 and P3) remained normal.

156 The scotopic P2, OPs, and positive STR (pSTR) had intermedia

157 Pde6d(-/-) scotopic paired-flash electroretinograms indicated a del

158 se in cCSNB than in iCSNB; this was the only scotopic parameter that differed between the two CSNB gr

159 o regain proper visual processing within the scotopic pathway.

160 amacrine cell-a central element of the rod (scotopic) pathway.

161 sual field sensitivity, and performance on a scotopic perceptual task were measured.

162 ion was evaluated using electroretinography (scotopic, photopic, and pattern).

163 In addition, mean scotopic photoreceptor (R(rod)) and postreceptor (V(max)

164 ss of Tmem30a in adult mice led to a reduced scotopic photoresponse, mislocalization of ATP8A2 to the

165 that have failed to find a correlation with scotopic pupil size and night vision complaints.

166 The role of scotopic pupil size as a factor in predicting night visi

167 be wise to inform their patients that large scotopic pupil size is a potential risk factor for night

168 s are less sensitive to light stimuli in the scotopic range during the day, when histamine release in

169 and RPE and larger b-wave amplitudes in the scotopic range when compared with the control animals.

170 extensive under dark-adapted conditions (low scotopic range) and similar in the subjective day, subje

171 560-nm, weak, full-field flashes in the low scotopic range.

172 TR (nSTR), a positive STR (pSTR), a positive scotopic response (pSR), PII (the bipolar cell component

173 Scotopic response recovery peaked at 50% to 60% of the u

174 on of melatonin during the day decreased the scotopic response threshold and the amplitude of the a-

175 topic response with later attenuation of the scotopic response.

176 extinguished photopic responses, and reduced scotopic responses observed on electroretinography consi

177 Scotopic responses tended to show lower heritability (po

178 hotopic responses were preserved better than scotopic responses, corresponding with preferential cone

179 t cone-driven responses and slow insensitive scotopic responses.

180 idual ERGs characterized by slow insensitive scotopic responses.

181 associated with the extent of impairment in scotopic retinal function, indicating a direct structura

182 d in the Rp2(null) mice, photopic (cone) and scotopic (rod) function as measured by ERG showed a grad

183 system with preservation of night vision or scotopic (rod) function.

184 Scotopic sensitivity losses encroach on areas within the

185 Scotopic sensitivity losses were more severe, and they e

186 Parafoveal scotopic sensitivity of the older subjects was also posi

187 Mesopic and scotopic sensitivity were reduced corresponding to areas

188 ling glare also reduce nighttime mesopic and scotopic sensitivity.

189 Dark-adapted (scotopic) sensitivity of rod-dominated visual mechanisms

190 hours, indicating an early, rapid decline in scotopic signaling.

191 he loss of visual information carried by dim scotopic signals.

192 Photoreceptor function was assessed with scotopic single-flash ERGs and photoreceptors were count

193 Rod-driven responses to dim scotopic single-flash stimuli were normal in 7 patients

194 icient, >0.35) for the following parameters: scotopic standard and bright-flash a-wave implicit times

195 annel undisturbed; on the other hand, in the scotopic state, APB application blocks all ganglion cell

196 ifferent from those in wild-type mice at low scotopic stimulus intensities.

197 In the mammalian retina, the scotopic threshold of ganglion cells is in part dependen

198 both positive and negative components of the scotopic threshold response (pSTR and nSTR).

199 re was a selective reduction of the positive scotopic threshold response (pSTR; P < 0.001), whereas o

200 Systematic delays in the timing of the scotopic threshold response (STR) and photopic b-wave we

201 onal effects were evaluated by recording the scotopic threshold response (STR) and photopic negative

202 rable beyond P40, although a small-amplitude scotopic threshold response (STR) could still be elicite

203 The oscillatory potentials (OPs) and scotopic threshold response (STR) were also reduced.

204 he dark-adapted electroretinogram (ERG), the scotopic threshold response (STR) which originates from

205 er photopic b-wave amplitudes, and increased scotopic threshold response sensitivity in the RGS11(-/-

206 Thresholds of the scotopic threshold response were 0.5 +/- 0.1 log cd/m2 l

207 he a-wave, b-wave, and positive and negative scotopic threshold responses (pSTR, nSTR).

208 the amplitudes of the a-waves, b-waves, and scotopic threshold responses of the ERG and also produce

209 Scotopic threshold responses were augmented as well.

210 RG b-wave amplitudes and diminished negative scotopic threshold responses, consistent with inner reti

211 oretinogram (ERG) oscillatory potentials and scotopic threshold responses, which reflect AC and RGC a

212 relative and sharply demarcated reduction of scotopic threshold values compared with areas of categor

213 filter was applied revealed a difference of scotopic threshold values in areas of category 1 (mean,

214 Mean scotopic thresholds over parafoveal areas within the rin

215 he existence of ganglion cells with elevated scotopic thresholds.

216 p to seven ambient light levels covering the scotopic to photopic regimes.

217 Sets of four white flashes (3.2-4.4 log scotopic troland [scot td-s]) were presented in the dark

218 ted half-saturation at approximately 1.5 log scotopic troland second.

219 lashes (lambda(max) 462 nm; -6.1 to +1.8 log scotopic Troland seconds(sc td s)) under fully dark-adap

220 At the dimmest flash intensity (-0.70 log scotopic trolands [scot td]/s) and the smallest stimulus

221 blue light filtering could negatively affect scotopic vision and circadian rhythms in older patients.

222 Scotopic vision and pupillary responsiveness have typica

223 coupling is expected to extend the range of scotopic vision by circumventing saturation at the rod t

224 n an essential component of the evolution of scotopic vision in early vertebrates.

225 whereas other patients experience a loss of scotopic vision over time.

226 Although scotopic vision remains good until old age, disproportio

227 e decreased dynamic range and sensitivity of scotopic vision that has been observed in diabetes.

228 cd m(-2)) are blind below -4.0 log cd m(-2) (scotopic vision).

229 Thus, during scotopic vision, Na conductances in AIIs serve to accele

230 ells indicates a role of endocannabinoids in scotopic vision, whereas the more widespread distributio

231 e A cells play a crucial role in night-time (scotopic) vision and have been proposed as a target for

232 During night (i.e., scotopic) vision in mammals, rod photoreceptor output is

233 Night (scotopic) vision is mediated by a distinct retinal circu

234 Behavioral tests revealed that scotopic visual acuity and contrast sensitivity were dec

235 point in a psychophysically derived plot of scotopic visual acuity versus eccentricity.

236 merous, AII amacrine cells form the limit of scotopic visual acuity.

237 ty closely matched the peak sampling rate of scotopic visual acuity.

238 while also avoiding the unwanted mesopic and scotopic visual disturbances that are experienced with m

239 subject the time course of dark adaptation, scotopic visual field sensitivity, and performance on a

240 ntrol subjects, but their performance at the scotopic visual field test and perceptual task did not d

241 , which play an essential role in processing scotopic visual signals.

242 hypothesize that their acuity is set by the scotopic visual system, and have minimized the number of

243 Inspired by natural scotopic visual systems, we adopt an all-optical method