ライフサイエンスコーパス: scramblase

1 icated that QUAD opsin is a fully functional scramblase.

2 ectly enhancing the activity of phospholipid scramblase.

3 the cell surface related to expression of PL scramblase.

4 dentity of the cloned cDNA to erythrocyte PL scramblase.

5 ing an underlying defect or deficiency of PL scramblase.

6 vated Cl(-) channel convert it into a robust scramblase.

7 G protein-coupled receptor and phospholipid scramblase.

8 annels and operates as membrane phospholipid scramblase.

9 s, suggesting that this homologue might be a scramblase.

10 ion of Notch and epithelin but not of HIC or scramblase.

11 ain-containing protein (HIC), epithelin, and scramblase.

12 ough different pathways to activate the same scramblase.

13 family that comprises ion channels and lipid scramblases.

14 +)-activated Cl(-) channels and phospholipid scramblases.

15 nnels, scramblases and dual-function channel/scramblases.

16 he family diverged into channels and channel/scramblases.

17 with the expected properties of mammalian PL scramblases.

18 TMEM16F, might also be dual-function channel/scramblases.

19 LSC-1, a homologue of mammalian phospholipid scramblases.

20 Human phospholipid scramblase 1 (hPLSCR1), a type II integral class membran

21 We show that inhibition of phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) activity reduces intracellular cal

22 Phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) is a Ca(2+)-binding, endofacial pl

23 Phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) is a multiply palmitoylated, Ca(2+

24 Phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) is a multiply palmitoylated, endof

25 Phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) is a plasma membrane protein that

26 Phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) is an endofacial plasma membrane p

27 Phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) is an IFN-inducible, endofacial pl

28 Phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) is an interferon (IFN)- and growth

29 While the role of phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) is controversial in flip-flop, we

30 e have characterized the NLS of phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1), a lipid-binding protein that ente

31 racting proteins and identified phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1), an endofacial membrane protein, w

32 rowth factor (EGF) receptor and phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1), an endofacial plasma membrane pro

33 palmitoylation and induction of phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1).

34 Human phospholipid scramblase 1 (SCR) catalyzes phospholipid transmembrane

35 e motif containing 14), PLSCR1 (phospholipid scramblase 1), and NOS2 (nitric oxide synthase 2, induci

36 ed neuropilin-like protein, and phospholipid scramblase 1.

37 at altering the function of the phospholipid scramblase-1 (PLSCR-1) by expressing a PLSCR-1 calcium-i

38 eracted with and phosphorylated phospholipid scramblase 3 (PLS3) after UV irradiation.

39 Phospholipid scramblase 3 (PLS3) is an enzyme that plays a critical r

40 rome c release and apoptosis by phospholipid scramblase 3 (PLS3).

41 inates in a short exoplasmic tail, murine PL scramblase (307 AA) terminates in the predicted membrane

42 Whereas human PL scramblase (318 AA) terminates in a short exoplasmic tai

43 cellular localization of human phospholipid scramblase 4 (hPLSCR4), a member of the phospholipid scr

44 The additional requirement of scramblase activation may occur during transient increas

45 TMEM16 homologue with intrinsic channel and scramblase activities supports this hypothesis.

46 is dependent on an increase in phospholipid scramblase activity and a decrease in APLT activity.

47 nt to stimulate plasma membrane phospholipid scramblase activity and to mobilize phosphatidylserine t

48 ows for quick, reproducible data analysis of scramblase activity assays and provides a platform for r

49 This PL scramblase activity co-eluted through multiple chromatog

50 to Ca(2+) and critical for Ca(2+)-dependent scramblase activity during blood coagulation.

51 tivation of a calcium-dependent phospholipid scramblase activity in concert with inactivation of the

52 While the assay has yielded insight into the scramblase activity in crude membrane preparations, func

53 We attribute this absence of scramblase activity of hPLSCR2 to the lack of N-terminal

54 cell), consistent with apparent increased PL scramblase activity of the platelet plasma membrane.

55 However, tests of scramblase activity show that unlike wild-type rhodopsin

56 Ca2+-dependent PL scramblase activity was also demonstrated in recombinant

57 ramblase at neutral pH, apparently normal PL scramblase activity was induced at pH < 6.0.

58 to hPLSCR2 (PRD-hPLSCR2) and checked whether scramblase activity was restored.

59 om the Scott cells which exhibited normal PL scramblase activity when reconstituted in vesicles with

60 ssociation of tissue factor and phospholipid scramblase activity with lipid rafts, we have explored t

61 37-kDa red blood cell protein and absorb PL scramblase activity, confirming the identity of the clon

62 d BR trimers exhibit light-independent lipid scramblase activity, thereby facilitating transbilayer e

63 se hamster ovary cells demonstrated enhanced scramblase activity.

64 ented both apoptosis- and activation-induced scramblase activity.

65 also bend the membrane-even those that lack scramblase activity.

66 inal proline-rich domain (PRD), did not show scramblase activity.

67 aturing chondrocytes express PLSCR1 and have scramblase activity.

68 (++) levels that have been shown to activate scramblase activity.

69 mbrane that mediates this Ca2+-dependent "PL scramblase" activity, we undertook purification and reco

70 n of a nonspecific lipid flipsite termed the scramblase allows rapid, bidirectional transbilayer move

71 nctioning as a Ca(2+)-dependent phospholipid scramblase and Ca(2+)-activated chloride channel.

72 leton bridges, stimulation of a phospholipid scramblase and phospholipase C, and induction of transgl

73 two or three different subclasses, channels, scramblases and dual-function channel/scramblases.

74 ily of membrane proteins includes both lipid scramblases and ion channels involved in olfaction, noci

75 e a general functional feature of the TMEM16 scramblases and therefore of general importance in under

76 NCEE also strongly inhibited APLT, activated scramblase, and caused PS externalization.

77 optosis (including RAP46/Bag-1, phospholipid scramblase, and hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha).

78 ns utilize P-type ATPases, ABC transporters, scramblases, and Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) family protei

79 Both human and murine PL scramblase are acidic proteins (pI = 4.9) with a predict

80 Scramblases are a family of single-pass plasma membrane

81 e that flies lacking either or both of these Scramblases are not compromised in vivo in processes req

82 he identity of the covalently bound 3H in PL scramblase as a thioester-linked [3H]palmitate was confi

83 atococca that functions primarily as a lipid scramblase, as well as subnanometre-resolution electron

84 n-grade graphical presentation of dithionite scramblase assays and demonstrate its utility in revisit

85 When applied to lymphoid cells, scramblase assays reveal a similar activity, with scramb

86 nresponsive to Ca2+-induced activation of PL scramblase at neutral pH, apparently normal PL scramblas

87 Furthermore, reconstitution of PKCdelta and scramblase, but not scramblase or PKCdelta alone in Chin

88 id cells from a patient with Scott syndrome, scramblase cannot be activated by Ca(2+), but is induced

89 [Ca2+]c, Raji cells were transfected with PL scramblase cDNA in pEGFP-C2, and stable transformants ex

90 Human Raji cells transformed with PL scramblase cDNA in the expression vector pEGFP-C2 were m

91 hese data indicate that transfection with PL scramblase cDNA promotes movement of PS to cell surfaces

92 n of candidate scramblases, stoichiometry of scramblase complexes as well as ATP-dependence of flippa

93 Phospholipid (PL) scramblases disrupt the lipid asymmetry of the plasma me

94 Homology modeling shows that the scramblase domain forms an unusual hydrophilic cleft tha

95 The combination of NEM and synthetic PS scramblase enhances the ability of erythrocytes to promo

96 Activation of PL scramblase entails coordination of Ca2+ by a 12 residue

97 Thus we conclude that scramblases exhibit Ca(2+)-dependent scrambling activity

98 confirm this apparent correlation between PL scramblase expression and PS egress at elevated [Ca2+]c,

99 We have now cloned murine PL scramblase for comparison with the human polypeptide.

100 Like PL scramblase from normal erythrocytes, PL scramblase from

101 on, addition of Ca2+ was found to protect PL scramblase from proteolysis by trypsin both in detergent

102 e PL scramblase from normal erythrocytes, PL scramblase from Scott erythrocytes was maximally activat

103 for normal expression of plasma membrane PL scramblase function in situ, or alternatively, reflects

104 pressing GFP alone, clones expressing GFP-PL scramblase fusion protein showed increased exposure of P

105 ormants expressing various amounts of GFP-PL scramblase fusion protein were obtained.

106 ng furrow that provides a path for lipids in scramblases has changed to form an enclosed aqueous pore

107 d, we show that D. melanogaster lacking both Scramblases have more vesicles and display enhanced recr

108 n those cell lines constitutively high in PL scramblase (HEL, Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B-lympho

109 eration and isolation of null mutants of two Scramblases identified in Drosophila melanogaster.

110 ated cells) and could directly phosphorylate scramblase immunoprecipitated from Jurkat cells.

111 Upon activating the plasma membrane scramblase in intact human red cells by introducing iono

112 approximately 10-fold higher abundance of PL scramblase in platelet ( approximately 10(4) molecules/c

113 protein, and that the deduced sequence of PL scramblase in Scott cells is identical to that of normal

114 cular basis of this disorder, we compared PL scramblase in Scott erythrocyte membranes to those of no

115 y, we identify TMEM16F as the dominant lipid scramblase in T lymphocytes that transports phospholipid

116 is comparable to that of recently described scramblases including bovine rhodopsin and fungal TMEM16

117 In addition, the synthetic PS scramblase increases the levels of endogenous PS on the

118 s does not affect the activity of flipase or scramblase, indicating that these proteins are not regul

119 Phospholipid scramblase induces nonspecific bidirectional movement of

120 ne 540, the calpain inhibitor E-64d, and the scramblase inhibitor R5421 revealed that neither phospho

121 homologues were reported to be phospholipid scramblases, ion channels, to have both functions or to

122 Phospholipid (PL) scramblase is a 35.1 kDa plasma membrane protein that me

123 Phospholipid (PL) scramblase is a plasma membrane protein that mediates ac

124 dylcholine analogues are similar whether the scramblase is activated by elevated internal Ca(2+) or b

125 We also presented evidence that this PL scramblase is expressed in a variety of other cells and

126 ng activity of protein extracts and purified scramblases is typically measured using a fluorescence-b

127 f thioester bonds in purified erythrocyte PL scramblase markedly reduced the Ca2+-dependent activity

128 Ca2+, and we presented evidence that this PL scramblase mediates the transbilayer movement of plasma

129 t lymphoblasts expressed normal levels of PL scramblase mRNA and protein, and that the deduced sequen

130 PL scramblase mRNA was found in a variety of hematologic an

131 Although the structure of the scramblase nhTMEM16 has defined the architecture of the

132 y exposed to the lipid bilayer on the fungal scramblase nhTMEM16 serves as the pathway for both lipid

133 ed to an altered interaction of Ca2+ with PL scramblase on the endofacial surface of the cell membran

134 rsy surrounds whether ANO6 is a phospholipid scramblase or an ion channel like other ANO/TMEM16 famil

135 titution of PKCdelta and scramblase, but not scramblase or PKCdelta alone in Chinese hamster ovary ce

136 It is however controversial whether they are scramblases or channels regulating scrambling.

137 phospholipid transporters, such as specific scramblases or proteins from the family of multidrug res

138 tive to activation of the plasma membrane PL scramblase pathway, it had been shown that PL scramblase

139 ysiological analysis lead us to propose that Scramblases play a modulatory role in the process of neu

140 dependent, but instead requires phospholipid scramblase PLSC-1, a homologue of mammalian phospholipid

141 Phospholipid scramblase (PLSCR1) is a multiply palmitoylated, calcium

142 pholipid translocase (APLT) and phospholipid scramblase (PLSCR1), during maturation of a murine chond

143 The phospholipid scramblases (PLSCR1 to PLSCR4) are a structurally and fu

144 Phospholipid scramblases (PLSCRs) constitute a family of cytoplasmic

145 tly identified a conserved segment in the PL scramblase polypeptide (residues Asp273 to Asp284) that

146 rrant posttranslational processing of the PL scramblase polypeptide or to a defect or deficiency in a

147 ewly identified PLSCR1 gene for phospholipid scramblase, previously implicated in remodeling of plasm

148 se 4 (hPLSCR4), a member of the phospholipid scramblase protein family.

149 cramblase pathway, it had been shown that PL scramblase protein isolated from detergent-solubilized S

150 The deduced "PL scramblase" protein is a proline-rich, type II plasma me

151 Our results demonstrate that scramblase restricts TCR responses to avoid overactivati

152 within the putative EF hand loop of human PL scramblase resulted in loss of its PL mobilizing functio

153 Clones expressing GFP-PL scramblase showed distinctly plasma membrane-localized f

154 ved sequence in the cytoplasmic domain of PL scramblase shows similarity to Ca2+-binding loop motifs

155 arations, functional validation of candidate scramblases, stoichiometry of scramblase complexes as we

156 BC transporter) and germ cells (phospholipid scramblase) suggest an increased complexity in the regul

157 ungal Nectria haematococca TMEM16 (nhTMEM16) scramblase suggested a putative mechanism of lipid trans

158 ein-coupled receptor opsin is a phospholipid scramblase that facilitates rapid transbilayer phospholi

159 O paralogs are Ca(2+)-dependent phospholipid scramblases that serve as channels facilitating the move

160 externalize PS has been assumed to involve "scramblases" that randomize phospholipids across the PM

161 shown to be an ATP-independent flippase (or scramblase) that equilibrates phospholipids across photo

162 a erythrocyte membrane protein, phospholipid scramblase, that promotes Ca2+-dependent transbilayer mo

163 receptor interactions and involves the lipid scramblase TMEM16F.

164 Metal binding to PL scramblase was accompanied by increased right-angle ligh

165 on by Ca2+, the PL-mobilizing function of PL scramblase was found to be activated by other ions, with

166 unoprecipitated with antibody against GFP-PL scramblase was found to covalently incorporate 3H, where

167 + activates the PL-mobilizing function of PL scramblase, we analyzed conformational changes associate

168 Recombinant murine and human PL scramblase were each expressed in Escherichia coli and i

169 er TMEM16 homologues, and a Ca(2+)-dependent scramblase, with the expected properties of mammalian PL