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1 ant species, particularly those with limited seed dispersal.
2 distance of 45 m) indicating short-distance seed dispersal.
3 ch likely function in attracting animals for seed dispersal.
4 ring to fruit production and a commitment to seed dispersal.
5 d ant species forage, resulting in effective seed dispersal.
6 ondition-related benefits of animal-mediated seed dispersal.
7 to climate change that depends critically on seed dispersal.
8 protecting the developing seeds and ensuring seed dispersal.
9 indicated extensive historical gene flow via seed dispersal.
10 fact provide highly effective long-distance seed dispersal.
11 ays senescence and preserves the fruit until seed dispersal.
12 d by between-morph differences in pollen and seed dispersal.
13 n, phylogeography, molecular systematics and seed dispersal.
14 is largely a result of restricted pollen and seed dispersal.
15 h of the three fruit cell types required for seed dispersal.
16 to plant populations that exhibit stratified seed dispersal.
17 ited; dissemination occurs primarily through seed dispersal.
18 y plant-animal interactions: pollination and seed dispersal.
19 capsaicin and therefore serve as vectors for seed dispersal.
20 ture is likely to have resulted from limited seed dispersal.
21 s valve separation from the replum, allowing seed dispersal.
23 capacity, competitive ability for light and seed dispersal ability, whereas shifts at the leading ed
25 bilization of starch reserves, attraction of seed dispersal agents, and adaptation to tropical daylen
27 pact of frugivore loss on plants, we compare seed dispersal and recruitment of two fleshy-fruited tre
28 ed differentiation, whereas mowing increased seed dispersal and reduced differentiation for chloropla
30 r knowledge, and its hypothesized effects on seed dispersal and the long-term survival of Malagasy pl
33 under a high-emissions future, disturbances, seed dispersal, and competition using the landscape mode
34 d to protect seeds from predation and/or aid seed dispersal, and have evolved multiple times independ
36 nvertebrates, only ants have a major role in seed dispersal, and thousands of plant species produce s
37 ly, this view holds that mutualisms, such as seed dispersal, are crucial ecological interactions that
38 iparental inbreeding, selfing and restricted seed dispersal as main determinants of SGS, with restric
40 thus, the importance of each ant species for seed dispersal became more homogeneous, thereby reducing
41 omplex in detail because leaf morphology and seed dispersal biology influence the specific ways in wh
42 etic structuring, most likely due to limited seed dispersal, but the overall level of differentiation
43 ly upon vegetative dispersal by rhizomes and seed dispersal by "shattering" of the mature inflorescen
44 study, we focus on understanding the role of seed dispersal by animals in the evolution of seed size
45 e-partner mutualisms, such as pollination or seed dispersal by animals, than in small and modular net
47 ted to a number of factors, including active seed dispersal by ants, rare long-distance gene-flow eve
48 ction of ripe, fleshy fruit is to facilitate seed dispersal by attracting consumers, yet many fruits
49 ny plant species that seem to be adapted for seed dispersal by megafauna that went extinct in the lat
50 Thus, bellbirds play a significant role in seed dispersal by providing directed dispersal to favora
51 t habitat corridors affect wind dynamics and seed dispersal by redirecting and bellowing airflow and
52 nt support for the hypothesis that secondary seed dispersal by scatter-hoarding rodents has facilitat
55 their diet breadth in a way that maintained seed dispersal, despite the identity of many interaction
57 y not keep pace with climate changes because seed dispersal distances are often limited and competiti
60 og has been independently selected to reduce seed dispersal during domestication of rice, in spite of
61 ecosystems through changes in pollinator and seed dispersal ecology, and demands a focused research e
62 though plant reproduction depends largely on seed dispersal, evolutionary ecologists have been unable
63 regeneration suggest that the advantages of seed dispersal for most plants are escape from seed pred
65 e similar activities via their necessity for seed dispersal in Arabidopsis and tomato, respectively.
69 enhance the stability of the community-wide seed dispersal in the face of continued anthropogenic im
71 rametric estimates of migration suggest that seed dispersal is sufficient for migration across the ap
73 as used to investigate abscission effects on seed dispersal kernels and plant population migration ra
74 ebony, Diospyros egrettarum (Ebenaceae), was seed-dispersal limited after the extinction of all nativ
75 trees that depend on fruit-eating birds for seed dispersal may fail to recruit seedlings if dispersa
83 st abundant seed-dispersing ant species from seed dispersal networks in a Mediterranean landscape, re
84 etworks (such as food webs, parasitoid webs, seed dispersal networks, and pollination networks) have
90 cent studies, may be explained by pollen and seed dispersal over the 50 ha plot, overlapping seed sha
91 lite loci was used to investigate pollen and seed dispersal patterns of the dioecious wind-pollinated
92 different types of mutualisms: pollination, seed dispersal, plant protection, rhizobial, and mycorrh
94 is used to examine the effects of stratified seed dispersal (representing the distribution of the maj
95 and tapirs in particular offer nonredundant seed-dispersal services for many large-seeded Neotropica
97 modified fruit morphology and the change in seed dispersal strategies that occurred in Medicago, a g
98 position explain developmental variation in seed-dispersal structures at the population and family l
100 resent an integrated mechanism for explosive seed dispersal that links evolutionary novelty with comp
101 hree factors: short-distance pollination and seed dispersal, the mixed-mating condition of the specie
103 , we quantify the contribution of vertebrate seed dispersal to spatial patterns of diversity of tree
104 n of seeds from rest, the sensitivity of the seed dispersal to this initial condition declined as the
105 t represent diverse modes of pollination and seed dispersal - we conducted in-depth reviews of ecolog
106 e critical services, such as pollination and seed dispersal, which underpin functional and resilient
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