ライフサイエンスコーパス: selective force

1 onstraint on host condition and an important selective force.

2 ammals and may be due to both mutational and selective forces.

3 ocess driven by definable microenvironmental selective forces.

4 ing these processes are subject to divergent selective forces.

5 n similar ways by virtue of similarly acting selective forces.

6 es population that can evolve in response to selective forces.

7 s rise to speculation concerning the role of selective forces.

8 e maintained in a population by a balance of selective forces.

9 with environmental factors often invoked as selective forces.

10 although purifying selection is the dominant selective force acting on the mitochondrial genome in Ta

11 ation is the viral pol gene and the dominant selective force acting on this feline immunodeficiency v

12 opulations, therefore, are shaped largely by selective forces acting at the genomic level between ele

13 Nevertheless, the selective forces acting on competition and the resulting

14 In addition, we found signatures of ancient selective forces acting on different African TAS2R38 hap

15 the determinants of trait variation and the selective forces acting on it in natural populations wou

16 stions concerning functional equivalency and selective forces acting on its multiple alleles.

17 l regulator, Notch1, may explain some of the selective forces acting on MAGP2.

18 To evaluate the selective forces acting on nonsense SNPs as a class, we

19 e X and Y chromosomes are thought to reflect selective forces acting on original pairs of identical c

20 ing ploidy cycles to balance the conflicting selective forces acting on rapidly growing phagotrophic

21 To evaluate rigorously the effects of selective forces acting on retrotransposons, detailed in

22 provide evidence for a relaxation of recent selective forces acting on this gene and a revised hypot

23 roughout the genome, and only secondarily by selective forces acting on translated sequences.

24 quenced bacterial genomes confirmed that the selective forces acting on translation vary with the eco

25 basis of the heritability of traits and the selective forces acting upon them.

26 ts surviving malaria is the most significant selective force affecting the expression of blood groups

27 This is suggestive of similar selective forces affecting the diverse SMBDs and resulti

28 es of parental origin effects under a single selective force and identifies a single substrate throug

29 ess illustrates the dynamics of antagonistic selective forces and allows the systematic derivation of

30 Our findings provide insights into the selective forces and ecological factors that may have dr

31 Because this empirical framework identifies selective forces and genetic architectures responsible f

32 on does not easily translate into a positive selective force, and the nature of that selective force,

33 ional and sometimes maybe even contradictory selective forces appear to affect codon usage as well.

34 ancestral allele), suggesting that different selective forces are acting.

35 The end result of these selective forces are parental origin effects, writ large

36 We presume that random events rather than selective forces are responsible for the observed high s

37 ng their evolution to similar mutational and selective forces as IncPalpha plasmids and may have evol

38 tuitive expectation that the relatively weak selective force associated with metabolic efficiency wou

39 tentially informative about the magnitude of selective forces associated with amino acid replacements

40 t mitosis or female meiosis, are the primary selective force behind centromere-drive suppression.

41 However, selective forces both inside and outside of human hosts

42 Our findings predict that this ongoing selective force by the mosquito immune system could infl

43 t components of a mating signal suggest that selective forces can act in concert on multiple aspects

44 at the dynamics of entropic forces balancing selective forces can be used to predict how long it will

45 What selective forces contribute to eye loss in cave animals?

46 to their local conditions, but the specific selective forces creating this adaptation are often uncl

47 that in the post-reproductive stage of life, selective forces decline allowing many vital systems to

48 --female interactions, a prerequisite if the selective forces derive from sexual conflicts.

49 ructs; the outcomes are subject to competing selective forces deriving from the fitness properties of

50 Different selective forces determine survival in the planktonic an

51 robial interactions have been suggested as a selective force, direct binding of lethal pathogens to A

52 However, it remains unclear as to what selective forces drive the evolution and existence of tr

53 esults in which nonsense errors are the only selective force driving CUB evolution.

54 cate phosphorus availability as the dominant selective force driving divergence between these populat

55 olution in plants provides insights into the selective forces driving adaptation and the genetic basi

56 ply that mate and/or gamete choice are major selective forces driving genetic change in sexual popula

57 rk of HIV-1 infection, and understanding the selective forces driving the emergence of viral variants

58 ragnathidae) and aiming at understanding the selective forces driving the female in the choice of the

59 mphasize the importance of understanding the selective forces driving viral adaptation to a new host.

60 riants, but also they demonstrate that other selective forces exist during acute infection.

61 genome content may not be fixed, as changing selective forces favor particular phenotypes; however, o

62 te that human APOBEC3H is not as strong of a selective force for current HIV-1 infections as human AP

63 rldwide, making AIDS, like malaria, a strong selective force for disease-associated genetic factors.

64 rationale is its role in senescence, but the selective force for inactivation of p18(INK4c) in incipi

65 response adaptations represent an important selective force for influencing diversity within marine

66 e idea that a redox-sensitive mechanism is a selective force for recruiting lens crystallins.

67 the majority of the Cd, thereby removing the selective force for resistance.

68 fector targets may have provided the driving selective force for the evolution of guard proteins.

69 ed that external immunity acts as a powerful selective force for virulence evolution, with an increas

70 ariation, we suggest that both mutagenic and selective forces generate these correlations, the latter

71 eriments with their phylogeny to reconstruct selective forces generating serpentine soil endemism, wh

72 n a comparative manner and show that similar selective forces have shaped the unique evolution of sex

73 nd report experimental evidence for powerful selective forces impelling the evolution of both eusocia

74 Finally, the selective forces imposed on these dual coding regions wi

75 n ancient retroviral pandemic as a prominent selective force in chimpanzee evolution, adaptation of c

76 CTL selection, confirming CTLs as a dominant selective force in HIV-1 infection.

77 t immune control over HIV and so are a major selective force in its evolution.

78 his disease being the strongest evolutionary selective force in recent human history, and genes that

79 social behavior has been a strikingly potent selective force in shaping brains to control action.

80 ngth (and possibly the universality) of this selective force in shaping S. cerevisiae's proteome.

81 iability has long been postulated as a major selective force in the evolution of large brains.

82 The dominant selective force in the evolution of recombination and se

83 biotic feeding in food animals has been as a selective force in the evolution of their intestinal bac

84 myovirus P-SSM2 under P limitation, a strong selective force in the oceans.

85 that dedifferentiation acts like a positive selective force in the stem cell population and thus spe

86 al closely related congeners and is likely a selective force in the sub-social route to permanent soc

87 r discussion of the roles of mechanistic and selective forces in determining the distribution of gene

88 speaks to the persistence and potency of the selective forces in marine environments that challenge f

89 the Olfr gene family has encountered unusual selective forces in neural cells that have driven them t

90 erochromatization, reflects the diversity of selective forces in operation.

91 Water stress is one of the primary selective forces in plant evolution.

92 We find that selective forces in tumoural regions furthest from the b

93 To examine these selective forces in vitro, we genetically engineered P.

94 tive selective force, and the nature of that selective force, in the past and/or currently, remains s

95 ional response to a broad range of potential selective forces, including colony growth, competition,

96 thaliana may have been maintained by complex selective forces, including those from the fitness benef

97 te a pervasive mutational bias toward A+T, a selective force, independent of adaptive codon use, is d

98 ts ecological niche differentiation, but the selective forces influencing this are not well defined.

99 estimates in Drosophila of the intensity of selective forces involved seem too large to be reconcile

100 that both effects are in response to similar selective forces involving the innate immune system.

101 ntrols, but the relative importance of these selective forces is unknown.

102 owth in vertebrates and a focal point of the selective forces leading to genomic imprinting.

103 h mesendodermal expression hypothesised as a selective force maintaining cluster integrity.

104 by S. mutans, termed mutacins, may provide a selective force necessary for initial or sustained colon

105 es are common strategies for coping with the selective force of predation in heterogeneous environmen

106 ckroaches seem to be shaped primarily by the selective forces of microhabitat and functional niche, t

107 study, we test whether fire imposes a broad selective force on a key fire-tolerance trait, bark thic

108 that habitat bareness is an underappreciated selective force on plants in harsh environments.

109 Plasmodium falciparum has acted as a potent selective force on the human genome.

110 Malaria has been a major selective force on the human population, and several ery

111 enous extracellular matrix) exert a dramatic selective force on the tumor, which grows as an invasive

112 opulations has been shaped by the balance of selective forces on IL4's diverse roles.

113 ry to quantify the interplay of entropic and selective forces on nucleotide organization and apply it

114 determine whether natural enemies can act as selective forces on plant defense.

115 re this phylogenetic distinction indicates a selective force operating between the two habitats.

116 /het-S allele ratios by the existence of two selective forces operating at different levels.

117 s the feasibility and utility of gauging the selective forces operating on bacterial IGRs from whole-

118 polymorphisms, thereby providing clues about selective forces operative in the host.

119 tion expansion and divergence indicates that selective forces or specific chromosomal mechanisms resu

120 s life and has been a powerful and essential selective force over evolution.

121 material was also observed, suggesting that selective forces play a role in syntax development as we

122 ity patterns in primates are shaped by local selective forces rather than phylogenetic history.

123 attempt to explain the nature of the unknown selective force responsible for the robust positive sele

124 However, the selective forces responsible for the emergence of geneti

125 However, our understanding of the selective forces responsible in a given case, and the ro

126 s costs of resistance in the human host, and selective forces resulting from interventions such as an

127 ancestor, it may be possible to identify the selective force(s).

128 id ecological change, one of the most potent selective forces, sexual selection, remains curiously un

129 The extent to which selective forces shape patterns of genetic and genealogi

130 surrounding geochemical regimes is a strong selective force shaping microbial communities throughout

131 Metabolic efficiency, as a selective force shaping proteomes, has been shown to exi

132 ed the prevalence, genomic determinants, and selective forces shaping cis-regulatory variation in the

133 marked migratory change, but quantifying the selective forces shaping evolutionary changes remains ch

134 When considering selective forces shaping human evolution, the importance

135 lar environment may provide insight into the selective forces shaping microbial communities.

136 Our results indicate that the selective forces shaping the size and organization of th

137 ected people when viral load is high or when selective forces strongly drive mutation.

138 tation rates allow HIV-1 to adapt rapidly to selective forces such as antiretroviral therapy and immu

139 ability to degrade propanediol provides the selective force that maintains B12 synthesis in this gro

140 e same pathways and proteins, as well as the selective forces that are acting on these mutations and

141 merges and then diversifies over time due to selective forces that are poorly understood.

142 ting biotic pressures generate heterogeneous selective forces that can maintain standing natural vari

143 This implies the operation of selective forces that confer an advantage to sexuality a

144 Here, we provide a detailed analysis of the selective forces that determine the emergence and stabil

145 Identifying the primary selective forces that drive migration ultimately require

146 The selective forces that drive the emergence of new infecti

147 mation is desirable to better understand the selective forces that drive the evolution of QS phenotyp

148 during the acute phase of infection, but the selective forces that drive this process remain poorly d

149 ence mating behaviour, and in particular the selective forces that explain the evolution of female pr

150 We aimed to compare the selective forces that forge the IgG4 and IgE repertoires

151 ing conflict may thus be responsible for the selective forces that generate parent-offspring coadapta

152 ate goal of testing hypotheses regarding the selective forces that have led to changes in such an ess

153 ouse and human genomes has shed light on the selective forces that have predominated in their recent

154 the genetic and environmental conditions and selective forces that have shaped evolution of this comp

155 xists, then it is tempting to argue that the selective forces that have shaped the evolution of forag

156 recent global spread, and to understand the selective forces that have shaped the unique aspects of

157 dditive HGT, the proposed mechanisms of HGT, selective forces that influence HGT, and the evolutionar

158 ate of Y chromosome evolution and assess the selective forces that may act upon such genes, and provi

159 and presumably other host genes, affects the selective forces that operate on virus populations in vi

160 from Oryza sativa to investigate the type of selective forces that potentially limit their amplificat

161 ishing neutral nonequilibrium processes from selective forces that produce similar patterns of variat

162 sights into the historical, demographic, and selective forces that shape speciation.

163 eceptor switch is not well explained by host selective forces that should be relatively constant betw

164 all- and large-scale mutations, but also the selective forces that they encounter once they arise.

165 bably been subjected to similar evolutionary selective forces, their B-cell responses would be analog

166 e Batesian mimic, demonstrating the powerful selective force these predators exert on mimetic resembl

167 bility that flagellin receptors provided the selective force to drive the evolution of these unique s

168 ontribution of developmental constraints and selective forces to the determination of evolutionary pa

169 Under these selective forces, together known as balancing selection,

170 that reproductively isolate species, and the selective forces underlying their divergence, is a centr

171 retical work has clarified the processes and selective forces underlying this effect and has demonstr

172 Spatial expansion thus creates a selective force whereby cooperator-enriched demes overta

173 altering their dinucleotide motif use under selective forces, with these forces on CpG dinucleotides

174 adaptations to this stress could represent a selective force within, and between, 'species', also kno

175 n undergo massive gene losses, for which the selective forces within host tissues are unknown.