ライフサイエンスコーパス: sex worker

1 sell sex (compared with both female and male sex workers).

2 d the prevalence of injecting drug use among sex workers.

3 ficiency virus (HIV) outreach activities for sex workers.

4 rus (HIV)/STI prevention programs for female sex workers.

5 rus (HIV) sexual risk among women working as sex workers.

6 ive cohort analysis that involved 151 Kenyan sex workers.

7 160 (79%) women at the remand centre were sex workers.

8 rvical shedding of HTLV-I DNA among Peruvian sex workers.

9 associated with HIV prevalence among female sex workers.

10 rtum clinics and a drop-in centre for female sex workers.

11 post-partum care, and 64 (75%) of 85 female sex workers.

12 in the post-partum care group and two female sex workers.

13 essentially pertain to prevalence in female sex workers.

14 post-partum care, and 53 (83%) of 64 female sex workers.

15 n who have sex with men (MSM) or even female sex workers.

16 empowerment approaches for addressing HIV in sex workers.

17 lications of human rights violations against sex workers.

18 HIV burdens continue to be in African female sex workers.

19 sex workers, and mobile- and internet-based sex workers.

20 for HIV compared with natal male and female sex workers.

21 mes higher in HIV-positive female commercial sex workers (36%) than in HIV-negative female non-commer

22 ) than in HIV-negative female non-commercial sex workers (9.9%; odds ratio = 3.8, 95% confidence inte

23 In longitudinal studies involving African sex workers, a group presumed to have frequent and ongoi

24 gma and discrimination continue to challenge sex workers' abilities to protect themselves, their fami

25 Female sex workers accounted for a large proportion of new infe

26 The empowerment approach strengthens sex workers' agency and rights in order to build collect

27 ut with a large sub-epidemic in MSM and male sex workers, an optimal prevention portfolio for Nairobi

28 unistic sex work; and urban, self-identified sex workers and bar workers in Uganda.

29 , that of changing risk behaviours in female sex workers and high-risk men who have sex with men to a

30 ne, and vaginal wash samples of HIV-negative sex workers and HIV-status discordant couples.

31 pecimens from 43 (68%) of 63 HTLV-I-infected sex workers and in samples obtained during 113 (52%) of

32 HIV testing for key populations (commercial sex workers and men who have sex with men), but these in

33 bi should focus on condom promotion for male sex workers and MSM in particular, followed by improved

34 dom use), the high levels of having sex with sex workers and of men having sex with men (15%-30% and

35 ically important hidden populations, such as sex workers and people who inject illicit drugs.

36 d sexually transmitted infections among male sex workers and reduce the likelihood of these people ac

37 11 motels were used mainly by sex workers and their clients and eight mainly for non-c

38 Africa have already reduced HIV incidence in sex workers and their clients by more than 70%.

39 urther reduce HIV incidence in South African sex workers and their clients by up to 40% over a 10-yea

40 to reproduce HIV prevalence trends in female sex workers and their clients, men who have sex with men

41 Higher-risk populations included female sex workers and their clients, men who have sex with men

42 , and can help to address the unmet needs of sex workers and their communities in ways that uphold th

43 tion in a prospective cohort study of female sex workers and their intimate (noncommercial) male part

44 but not in healthy HIV-positive, commercial sex workers and was weakly associated with hepatitis B a

45 us HIV-1 epidemic in intravenous drug users, sex workers, and former plasma donors.

46 s, individuals with substance use disorders, sex workers, and imprisoned individuals experience extre

47 s, individuals with substance use disorders, sex workers, and imprisoned individuals.

48 ic key populations (female sex workers, male sex workers, and men who have sex with men [MSM]) and am

49 s informal sex workers, male and transgender sex workers, and mobile- and internet-based sex workers.

50 the value of rights-based HIV responses for sex workers, and underscore the obligation of states to

51 efficacious; intravaginal rings targeted to sex workers; and vaccines, as these can achieve a large

52 Female sex workers are a population who are at heightened risk

53 China's HIV prevention programs for sex workers are compared with sex worker HIV prevention

54 Sex workers are disproportionately affected by HIV compa

55 ming services dedicated specifically to male sex workers are needed to improve health outcomes for th

56 ith government efforts, and basic rights for sex workers are often violated.

57 programs for sex workers, especially female sex workers, are cost-effective in several contexts, inc

58 rvational cohort study was done among female sex workers attending a municipal STD clinic in Mombasa,

59 men who did not have sexual relations with a sex worker before 1992.

60 ccounting for the interaction between female sex worker behaviors and larger structures and policies,

61 om 6 untreated women enrolled in the Pumwani Sex Worker Cohort in Nairobi, Kenya.

62 ial mononuclear cells obtained from a female sex worker cohort with high levels of exposure to C. tra

63 that the group of viruses found in the Dakar sex worker cohort, previously referred to as HIV-1 A sub

64 Fs) and examined gag sequences from a Kenyan sex worker cohort.

65 ut such actions can and must be achieved for sex worker communities everywhere.

66 ocal contexts, and be led and implemented by sex worker communities.

67 ratio for the prevalence of HIV among female sex workers compared with that for all women of reproduc

68 If PrEP for male sex workers cost as much as US$500, average annual spend

69 PrEP for male sex workers could enter an optimal portfolio at similar

70 Unprotected sexual contact with a commercial sex worker (CSW) was reported by 39 (77%) of the 51 p24

71 Seventeen HIV-1-seronegative Thai female sex workers (CSWs) with epidemiologic evidence of exposu

72 ere frequency of visits to female commercial sex workers (CSWs), sex with men, and incident sexually

73 ther with complex sexual networks among male sex workers, define this group as a key population under

74 82 (81%) of 101 female sex workers distributed more than one self-test to comme

75 Of 310 HIV-1-seronegative female sex workers enrolled (155 per arm), 303 were included in

76 is evidence that HIV prevention programs for sex workers, especially female sex workers, are cost-eff

77 prevalence or incidence of HIV among female sex workers, even if sex workers were not the main focus

78 who reported having sexual relations with a sex worker fell from 81.4 percent to 63.8 percent (P < 0

79 are, 117 in post-partum care, and 102 female sex workers); follow-up interviews were completed for 26

80 *1101 has been observed in cohorts of female sex workers from Northern Thailand who are highly expose

81 7 European countries on HIV prevalence among sex workers from the European Centre for Disease Control

82 h robust standard errors clustered on female sex worker (FSW) were used to explore social and behavio

83 m 20 HIV-seropositive (HIV(+)) Kenyan female sex workers (FSW) and 20 HIV-seronegative lower risk (HI

84 ge and plasma from 122 HIV-uninfected female sex workers (FSW) and 44 HIV-uninfected low-risk non-FSW

85 A prospective study of a cohort of female sex workers (FSW) in Dakar, Senegal over an 18-year peri

86 nd other correlates, we recruited 350 female sex workers (FSW) who were 18 to 50 years old in Nairobi

87 ansmission in the general population, female sex workers (FSW), and men who have sex with men (MSM).

88 d from HIV-seropositive (HIV+) Kenyan female sex workers (FSWs) (n = 20), HIV-seronegative (HIV-) FSW

89 ransmitted infection (STI) risk among female sex workers (FSWs) along the Mexico-US border.

90 In China, female sex workers (FSWs) are at high risk of syphilis infectio

91 Context-specific typologies of female sex workers (FSWs) are essential for the design of HIV i

92 Female sex workers (FSWs) are the group at greatest risk for hu

93 , which offered both interventions to female sex workers (FSWs) at 2 urban clinic sites in South Afri

94 Female sex workers (FSWs) bear a disproportionately large burde

95 V risk and violence among a sample of female sex workers (FSWs) in Andhra Pradesh, India, and conside

96 ogram initiated in 1967 in registered female sex workers (FSWs) in the Philippines involved weekly en

97 rog/mL) increased substantially among female sex workers (FSWs) in the Philippines.

98 (HIV) prevalence and correlates among female sex workers (FSWs) in Tijuana and Ciudad Juarez, 2 large

99 ompared to the standard of care among female sex workers (FSWs) in Zambia.

100 g may thus be particularly useful for female sex workers (FSWs), who should test frequently but face

101 experience of STD infection, and for female sex workers (FSWs; n = 1,083) when they had high self-ef

102 A total of 113 female commercial sex workers had individual alleles for HLA class II gene

103 partum care, and 41 (14%) of 298 from female sex workers had positive results.

104 Harm reduction programs for sex workers have been hampered by the prioritization of

105 Most studies of HIV risk among sex workers have focused on individual-level risk factor

106 2 most common conceptual approaches used in sex worker health programs--abolitionism and empowerment

107 Designing sex worker health research and programs demands a well-s

108 onship between local policy environments and sex worker health.

109 elivery and Scale: Achieving HIV Impact with Sex Workers" highlights major challenges to scaling-up s

110 ituation analyses, and programmatic mapping; sex worker HIV and sexually transmitted infection servic

111 n programs for sex workers are compared with sex worker HIV prevention in other Asian states where mo

112 d domestic financing in many countries; many sex worker HIV prevention programs are inadequately codi

113 V prevention programs, noting the following: sex worker HIV prevention programs are insufficiently gu

114 to ensure consistency and quality; and many sex worker HIV prevention programs have not evolved adeq

115 are needed to increase coverage of effective sex worker HIV prevention programs in low and middle inc

116 The evidence that sex worker HIV prevention programs work must not inspire

117 s" highlights major challenges to scaling-up sex worker HIV prevention programs, noting the following

118 T guidelines and the rollout of the national sex worker HIV programme in South Africa.

119 e timing of the implementation of a national sex worker HIV programme, which could have also affected

120 in the analyses, representing 99,878 female sex workers in 50 countries.

121 Commercial sex workers in Bangkok are reservoirs of oncogenic HPV,

122 We enrolled 1292 HIV-negative female sex workers in Cameroon and enrolled them in a double-bl

123 rking on AIDS prevention and care for female sex workers in China and reviews constraints to their op

124 trachomatis infections in a cohort of female sex workers in Dakar (Senegal) were determined by using

125 Five viruses isolated from commercial sex workers in Dakar, Senegal, were full-length PCR ampl

126 tiretroviral therapy-naive female commercial sex workers in Dakar, Senegal.

127 a virus in a cohort of registered commercial sex workers in Dakar, Senegal.

128 proach, will help to reduce HIV infection in sex workers in different settings worldwide.

129 Endocervical swabs from 1025 female sex workers in Kampala were tested for Mycoplasma genita

130 dentified from a cohort of recently infected sex workers in Kampala, Uganda.

131 ional data collected from 1,814 adult female sex workers in Karnataka, India, between August 2005 and

132 ual partners were evaluated among 140 female sex workers in Kibera, Kenya, participating in a 6-month

133 f Science, and POPLine for studies of female sex workers in low-income and middle-income countries pu

134 he effectiveness of community empowerment in sex workers in low-income and middle-income countries.

135 spective cohort study conducted among female sex workers in Mombasa, Kenya between 1993 and 2003 were

136 Female sex workers in Mombasa, Kenya, completed a monthly sexua

137 ally transmitted diseases in a population of sex workers in Mombasa, Kenya.

138 nd without cervical neoplasia and commercial sex workers in one brothel and one massage parlor in Ban

139 A prospective study of high-risk commercial sex workers in Senegal has shown that HIV-2 infection ma

140 97, a prospective study of registered female sex workers in Senegal tracked the introduction and spre

141 ion with clade C HIV-1 in a cohort of female sex workers in South Africa generated antibodies that ne

142 (for example, men who have sex with men and sex workers), including male circumcision, behavioral in

143 HIV acquisition and transmission among male sex workers, including biological, behavioural, and stru

144 l population suggest a shift toward those of sex workers, including large numbers of sex partners and

145 during the most recent sexual contacts with sex workers increased from 61.0 percent to 92.5 percent

146 =5% HIV prevalence), the estimated impact of sex-worker interventions in the absence of risk compensa

147 h-prevalence epidemics (>5% HIV prevalence), sex-worker interventions were estimated to avert 6.8-40%

148 Male sex workers, irrespective of their sexual orientation, m

149 Protection of sex workers is essential to respect, protect, and meet t

150 who have sex with men, the NGO community for sex workers is fragmented and poorly coordinated with go

151 iscrimination, and violence targeting female sex workers is needed.

152 gh data characterising HIV risk among female sex workers is scarce, the burden of disease is dispropo

153 2) of infections and even modest coverage of sex worker-led outreach could avert 20% (95% UI 8-36) of

154 e not evolved adequately to address informal sex workers, male and transgender sex workers, and mobil

155 smission in specific key populations (female sex workers, male sex workers, and men who have sex with

156 lation between sex work policy and HIV among sex workers might be partly moderated by the effectivene

157 e evidence base for community empowerment in sex workers needs to be strengthened and diversified, in

158 years were unprotected sex with a commercial sex worker (odds ratio [OR], 8.24; 95% CI, 3.51-19.35),

159 Sex work occurs in many forms and sex workers of all genders have been affected by HIV epi

160 r risk of infection, and to high-risk female sex workers only, are $65 160 (95% credible interval [Cr

161 f the legal and policy environments in which sex workers operate and actions to address the important

162 men and women in other risk groups (such as sex workers or those with recent sexually transmitted in

163 on averted when providing PrEP to all female sex workers regardless of their risk of infection, and t

164 recommendations: (i) HIV programs focused on sex workers should be prioritized, developed, and implem

165 s that effective HIV prevention packages for sex workers should include combinations of biomedical, b

166 Worldwide, sex workers still face reduced access to needed HIV prev

167 Sex workers (SWs) and their clients are often identified

168 -based response to HIV is a process by which sex workers take collective ownership of programmes to a

169 ave significantly lower HIV prevalence among sex workers than countries that criminalise all aspects

170 ce of oncogenic HPV was higher in commercial sex workers than in women attending gynecologic and fami

171 ause of the high seroprevalence of HIV among sex workers, the Ministry of Public Health began a progr

172 lthough data from two countries include male sex workers, the numbers are so small that the findings

173 be less than $3.27 million for PrEP for male sex workers to be excluded from an optimal portfolio.

174 ental organization (NGO) actors working with sex workers to prevent HIV infection.

175 e aspects of sex work could reduce HIV among sex workers to the greatest extent in countries where en

176 gender women and show that transgender women sex workers (TSW) face unique structural, interpersonal,

177 stly offer sex to men and rarely identify as sex workers, using local or international terms instead.

178 30.7% (95% CI 30.2-31.3; 8627 of 28,075) of sex workers were HIV-positive and the odds ratio for inf

179 nce of HIV among female sex workers, even if sex workers were not the main focus of the study, were i

180 ent-based approaches to addressing HIV among sex workers were significantly associated with reduction

181 ly active, monogamous, not pregnant, and not sex workers, were eligible for inclusion if they were li

182 (beta=-1.86; p=0.038) and the proportion of sex workers who are injecting drug users (-1.93; p=0.026

183 One hundred sixty-one commercial sex workers who became infected with HIV-1 were followed

184 Male sex workers who sell or exchange sex for money or goods

185 hea, or chlamydia infection in this group of sex workers who used condoms and received treatment for

186 To address HIV in sex workers will need sustained community engagement and

187 tion as a key approach for addressing HIV in sex workers, with its focus on addressing the broad cont

188 or increasing burden of HIV among some male sex workers within the context of the slowing global HIV

189 s included; however, PrEP for MSM and female sex workers would be included only at much higher budget