ライフサイエンスコーパス: sib-pair

1 in 11 additional individuals (including one sib-pair).

2 SM-IV OCD definite and probable; 50 affected sib pairs).

3 ans without diabetes (from 162 families, 750 sib-pairs).

4 ring two alleles IBD at a putative QTL for a sib-pair.

5 ngs (study participants), forming an exposed sib-pair.

6 in an additional 140 families with affected sib pairs.

7 rkers in nuclear families and in independent sib pairs.

8 enotype data were developed for sib and half-sib pairs.

9 umber of putative sib pairs are not actually sib pairs.

10 or all the association in age of onset among sib pairs.

11 icant correlation in the ages of onset among sib pairs.

12 oint marker allele-sharing probabilities for sib pairs.

13 nd common diseases, with samples of affected sib pairs.

14 eir relatives, in a sample that included 369 sib pairs.

15 sets of affected relatives, such as affected sib pairs.

16 e all significantly correlated in concordant sib pairs.

17 i and 1.45 to MODY3-linked loci in Caucasian sib pairs.

18 ait loci in humans, using extreme discordant sib pairs.

19 s or in an analysis restricted to discordant sib pairs.

20 ntitative traits, such as extreme discordant sib pairs.

21 th three or more affected sibs compared with sib pairs.

22 porating 530 families and up to 736 affected sib pairs.

23 of the linkage evidence derives from the CA sib pairs.

24 present in one sibling within each of the 45 sib-pairs.

25 ising of 278 families, 634 siblings, and 470 sib-pairs.

26 The panel contains 350 siblings and 245 sib-pairs.

27 ed independently in a study of affected LOAD sib-pairs.

28 comprises rare but highly efficient extreme sib pairs (207 discordant, 258 high concordant, and 99 l

29 Of 166 affected sib pairs, 30 (12 MZ, 17 DZ, and 1 of unknown zygosity)

30 Genotyping data were available for 106 sib pairs (43 CA, 63 AA) from 27 CA (44% male probands)

31 ning 48 cM across chromosome 18q12-q22 in 81 sib pairs affected with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD

32 reported a two-stage genomewide screen of 48 sib pairs affected with intracranial aneurysms (IAs) tha

33 e-wide nonparametric linkage analysis of 480 sib-pairs affected with type 2 diabetes revealed linkage

34 l from 267 multiplex families, including 472 sib-pairs affected with type 2 diabetes.

35 ngly suggests that one should incorporate EC sib pairs along with ED sib pairs, in both design and an

36 with a sample size expanded to 139 affected sib pairs, along with 83 other affected relative pairs (

37 009), SimWalk2 Statistic A (P = 0.0002), and sib-pair analyses (maximum likelihood score = 6.07) all

38 Sib-pair analyses have confirmed the association with HL

39 Sib-pair analyses of 10 markers in 345 full- and 219 hal

40 Sib-pair analyses suggest additional potential diabetes-

41 Multipoint affected sib pair analysis identified seven regions with a maximu

42 Elliptical sib pair analysis showed significant associations of the

43 Affected sib-pair analysis and parametric analysis with ascertain

44 Sib-pair analysis based on a maximum of 258 sib pairs re

45 nkages to percent body fat were evaluated by sib-pair analysis for quantitative traits.

46 imum LOD scores (MLS) obtained from affected-sib-pair analysis of all 345 families yielded suggestive

47 Similarly, in affected-sib-pair analysis of our schizophrenia dataset (241 sibl

48 A recent sib-pair analysis revealed a tight linkage between marke

49 We used sib-pair analysis to assess linkage of circulating eosin

50 A sib-pair analysis using categorical disease definitions

51 In the case of affected sib-pair analysis without parents, the need for accurate

52 Affected sib-pair analysis yielded multipoint maximum LOD scores

53 Using affected sib-pair analysis, we obtained evidence suggesting linka

54 Additional approaches, such as sib-pair analysis, will probably be necessary in the fut

55 to have greater power than does traditional sib-pair analysis.

56 design to include unaffected and discordant sib pairs, analytical power and robustness to type I err

57 hen 50% of families consisted of an affected sib pair and one parent genotyped under an additive gene

58 multipoint identity by descent (IBD) between sib pairs and false-positive evidence for multipoint mod

59 evidence for HLA linkage in HD in haplotyped sib pairs and found a LOD score of 2.00.

60 d4;) by genotyping extremely concordant (EC) sib pairs and including them along with ED sib pairs in

61 We are now adding sib pairs and increasing marker density on chromosome 10

62 nflation as a function of the resemblance of sib pairs and the criteria for discordance used for sele

63 For affected sib pairs and their parents, we found that incomplete di

64 y of each of the three loci in 66 discordant sib pairs and were analyzed with multipoint methods.

65 Sib-pair and multipoint nonparametric analyses also supp

66 Amish kindreds (24 nuclear families) by both sib-pair and transmission disequilibrium analyses.

67 The study cohort comprised 2076 affected sib-pairs and 66 affected half-sib-pairs of the British

68 type model (DSM-IV OCD definite; 41 affected sib pairs) and a broad phenotype model (DSM-IV OCD defin

69 Linkage was evaluated in sib pairs, and by using an association approach in which

70 virtue of the sampling design, the number of sib pairs, and the availability of genotyped parents, th

71 In Finnish sib pairs, antisocial alcoholism showed significant evid

72 Here, we present a multipoint sib-pair approach to locate the map position (tau) of a

73 promised if a substantial number of putative sib pairs are not actually sib pairs.

74 Multipoint analysis, designating all AITD sib pairs as affected, showed a peak NPL score of 3.46 (

75 based on affected, discordant, or unaffected sib pairs, as well as on pairs defined by threshold valu

76 n 34 extended families (297 individuals, 349 sib pairs) ascertained through index cases with neovascu

77 We used an efficient discordant sib-pair ascertainment scheme to investigate the impact

78 Affected sib pair (ASP) analysis has become common ever since it

79 3.93 on chromosome 18, a two-point affected sib pair (ASP) LOD score of 3.11 on chromosome 16, sever

80 s not inflate type I error rates of affected sib pair (ASP) statistics in the whole parameter space,

81 known, "model free" methods-such as affected sib pair (ASP) tests-are often preferred over LOD-score

82 ers on chromosome 21q, single-locus affected-sib-pair (ASP) analysis detected a high proportion (57%-

83 -dimensional, linear Ising model to affected-sib-pair (ASP) analysis in genetics.

84 fits and costs of stratification of affected-sib-pair (ASP) data were examined in three situations: (

85 archers are increasingly relying on affected-sib-pair (ASP) data.

86 267 cases, 4,463 controls and 2,319 affected sib-pair (ASP) families.

87 est (TDT) has higher power than the affected-sib-pair (ASP) mean test when linkage disequilibrium (LD

88 When considering all possible affected sib pairs (ASPs) per nuclear family, we obtained a peak

89 in 187 and 356 families containing affected sib pairs (ASPs) yielded apparently conflicting results,

90 are available for unrelated cases, affected sib pairs (ASPs), or only one sibling per Asp. We constr

91 parents, containing 97 independent affected sib pairs (ASPs), with follow-up in 49 additional multip

92 ographical regions containing 2,658 affected sib-pairs (ASPs).

93 Linkage (sib pair), association, and transmission disequilibrium

94 ary to obtain a power of 80% with concordant sib pairs at a significance level of .0001 are given, st

95 Of 246 sib pairs available for the first phase, 35 were classif

96 tipoint analysis done for all low-concordant sib pairs available showed that the maximal logarithm of

97 Morton's nonparametric affected-sib-pair "beta" model was used in the evaluation of link

98 f association in family triads or discordant sib pairs but are not theoretically valid in multiplex f

99 xamine further the use of extreme concordant sib pairs but consider the effect of parents' phenotypes

100 al correlation of the quantitative trait for sib pairs but considerably less on the allele frequency

101 ed to QTL analysis, with a new sample of 126 sib pairs, by means of a multipoint mapping method and e

102 ive-compulsive disorder) was conducted on 77 sib pairs collected by the Tourette Syndrome Association

103 These algorithms cannot be applied in many sib-pair collections, because of lack of parental-genoty

104 Considering only sib pairs compared with unrelated persons, distance corr

105 analysis was carried out in a sample of 497 sib pairs concordant for recurrent major depressive diso

106 sociation, with simultaneous modeling of the sib-pair covariance structure for a test of linkage.

107 oint model-free linkage analysis of affected sib pair data.

108 Our simulation study shows that, for sib-pair data, even when the coverage probability of the

109 tative trait in the analysis, using affected-sib-pair data.

110 The extreme discordant-sib-pair design has been found to be the most powerful,

111 model for a trait is limited, the discordant-sib-pair design proves to be the most robust.

112 By expanding the traditional affected-sib-pair design to include unaffected and discordant sib

113 First, under the extreme discordant-sib-pair design, a large number of people have to be scr

114 More-robust sib-pair designs and appropriate methods for their analy

115 ise and multipoint methods for regression of sib-pair differences in identity by descent, as well as

116 howing their differential expression in male sib pairs discordant for idiopathic ASD.

117 ter space, and that, in any case, discordant sib pairs (DSPs) can be used to control for marker-marke

118 naffected sibs, which provided 51 discordant sib pairs (DSPs) for the initial screen and 29 for the f

119 sed tests of association that use discordant sib pairs (DSPs) in which one sib is affected with a dis

120 families (including 250 full-sib and 46 half-sib pairs), each with at least one individual with opioi

121 have proposed the use of extreme discordant sib pairs (EDSPs) for mapping quantitative trait loci in

122 quares-based VC method for mapping of QTL in sib pairs (Elston et al.).

123 actical issues in the application of extreme sib-pair (ESP) methods to quantitative traits.

124 titative-trait loci (QTLs) by use of extreme sib pairs (ESPs) is shown to be a function of the three

125 nts, affected sib pair, extremely discordant sib pairs, etc.) that truncate all "negative evidence ag

126 methods (e.g., variance components, affected sib pair, extremely discordant sib pairs, etc.) that tru

127 se are false positive results, all available sib pair families (n = 429) were typed using a 92% infor

128 osome regions to type 1 diabetes in affected sib pair families have revealed that the major susceptib

129 was performed with data from 67 keratoconus sib pair families with 110 affected sib pairs of white o

130 er and type 1 diabetes in 364 U.S. Caucasian sib-pair families (P < 0.006).

131 undertook a genomewide scan in 158 Canadian sib-pair families and identified three regions of sugges

132 dy of mainly paucibacillary leprosy-affected sib-pair families from South India, in addition to the e

133 pping, linkage was evaluated in 385 affected sib-pair families using 13 evenly spaced polymorphic mic

134 combined analysis of MN cohorts 1 and 2 (187 sib-pair families) showed that markers in 6p11-p21 (D6S4

135 lete genome screen in a new cohort of 82 SLE sib-pair families.

136 wide microsatellite marker screen in 105 SLE sib-pair families.

137 wide microsatellite marker screen in 105 SLE sib-pair families.

138 families recruited on the basis of affected sib pairs for asthma reveal significant association for

139 both the selection of maximally informative sib pairs for genotyping and the subsequent analysis of

140 hundred fifteen nuclear families yielded 870 sib pairs for linkage, with significant logarithm of odd

141 ecting the sampling scheme, such as affected sib pairs, for qualitative traits, or extreme discordant

142 alitative traits, or extreme discordant (ED) sib pairs, for quantitative traits.

143 hort arm of chromosome 8 (P = 0.002, n = 125 sib-pairs, for the haplotype generated from two simple s

144 yses of 10 markers in 345 full- and 219 half-sib pairs from 29 multiplex Afro-Caribbean families prov

145 To date, we have collected 212 sib pairs from 46 CA and 50 AA families.

146 iabetes susceptibility genes in 716 affected sib pairs from 477 Finnish families.

147 e to the 6p25-21.3 region in a sample of 181 sib pairs from 82 nuclear families that were selected on

148 ymorphisms (SNPs) and 50K transcripts in 400 sib pairs from the MRCA family panel, has been widely us

149 s comprised of 440 Mexican-American affected sib-pairs from 246 sibships.

150 n a Finnish sample comprised of 709 affected sib-pairs from 472 sibships.

151 posed sib-pair was matched up to 5 unexposed sib-pairs from the Multi-Generation Registry by birth an

152 autosomal markers in 325 individuals (N=263 sib pairs) from 102 pedigrees.

153 n two sets of data: (1) 325 individuals (225 sib pairs) from the Beaver Dam Eye Study (BDES), and (2)

154 a subset of families (102 families; n = 224 sib pairs) from the Beaver Dam Eye Study and performed a

155 e Study (BDES), and (2) 297 individuals (346 sib pairs) from the Family Age Related Maculopathy Study

156 For classification of pairs in a sib-pair genome scan, I propose multipoint methods that

157 These comprised 451 sib pairs in 127 nuclear families, for linkage analysis

158 es, for linkage analysis to obesity, and 236 sib pairs in 82 nuclear families, for linkage analysis t

159 Not all sib pairs in the sample were concordant for hoarding.

160 ) sib pairs and including them along with ED sib pairs in the statistical analysis.

161 629 women from 311 extended families (1,242 sib pairs) in the Framingham Heart Study Offspring cohor

162 ns of genes shared identical by descent by a sib pair, in terms of the generalized lambda's for sib p

163 hould incorporate EC sib pairs along with ED sib pairs, in both design and analysis.

164 d no evidence of linkage, among 201 affected sib pairs, in the region of chromosome 2 that contains t

165 pairs; its generalization to nonindependent sib pairs is not straightforward.

166 -Elston method was developed for independent sib pairs; its generalization to nonindependent sib pair

167 or smaller pedigrees especially for affected sib pair kindreds.

168 ir, in terms of the generalized lambda's for sib pairs (lambda S), parent-offspring pairs (lambda O),

169 itional previous population of 66 BMI >or=35 sib-pairs led to a significant LOD score of 3.8 at the 1

170 re genotyped for 335 markers, and multipoint sib pair linkage analyses were conducted.

171 Sib pair linkage analysis of a dichotomous trait is a po

172 w, freely available computer program, Splat (Sib Pair Linkage Analysis Testing), that can perform any

173 A genome-wide scan (GWS) using affected sib pair linkage analysis was performed on 218 sibling p

174 classify the major sources of discretion in sib pair linkage analysis.

175 thwestern American Indian tribe, significant sib pair linkage of antisocial alcoholism to HTR1B G861C

176 ein, no evidence for linkage was observed by sib-pair linkage analyses (P values ranged from .24 to .

177 Association and sib-pair linkage analyses of a polymorphism in intron 7

178 Affected sib-pair linkage analyses were performed on 98 diabetic

179 utistic siblings), we performed a multipoint sib-pair linkage analysis between autism and 35 microsat

180 he CETP promoter and used it in quantitative sib-pair linkage analysis in 119 female dizygotic (DZ) t

181 milies with NIDDM and conducted quantitative sib-pair linkage analysis with candidate loci for insuli

182 study over the standard genomewide affected-sib-pair linkage analysis, for a range of different unde

183 particle size was assessed by nonparametric sib-pair linkage analysis.

184 In addition to sib-pair linkage and case-control association analyses,

185 and hence on type I error rates of different sib-pair linkage approaches that assume LE.

186 to simultaneously estimate, on the basis of sib-pair linkage data, both the position of a trait locu

187 ort, we have used a covariate-based affected-sib-pair linkage method to analyze the chromosome 21 cli

188 We detected sib-pair linkage of 5q34 GABA(A) receptor genes to alcoh

189 Sib-pair linkage of GABRG2 to alcohol dependence was obs

190 Reported here are the sib-pair linkage results for percent body fat (277 sibli

191 Sib-pair linkage statistics and Haseman-Elston regressio

192 use three approaches: pedigree and affected sib-pair linkage studies and association studies of popu

193 The results of sib-pair linkage studies may be compromised if a substan

194 een individuals has serious consequences for sib-pair linkage studies: false relationships bias the s

195 A genome-wide affected sib-pair linkage study with 221 Japanese families with c

196 wo at OB, five at TUB, and three at ASP) for sib-pair linkage to BMI, percentage body fat, resting me

197 oth age and gender, by use of a quantitative sib-pair linkage-analysis approach.

198 nkage to chromosome 2q (D2S116 nonparametric sib-pair LOD score [MLS] 1.12 at 198 cM).

199 cally (total siblings 582, 182 families, 860 sib-pairs: LOD = 3.5).

200 rametric linkage (NPL) analysis and affected sib pair (MAPMAKER/SIBS) nonparametric methods also show

201 cus in an extended sample (380 families, 520 sib-pairs, maximum LOD score 4.3).

202 A sib-pair method has been used to examine the familiality

203 llow the extension of the classical affected-sib-pair method to such populations.

204 We extend the sib-pair multipoint mapping approach of Fulker et al. to

205 (APP) region is strongly linked to affected sib pairs of the oldest current age (i.e., age either at

206 atoconus sib pair families with 110 affected sib pairs of white or Hispanic origin.

207 s screened with heterologous liver cDNA from sib-pairs of contrasting HDL-C phenotypes on two differe

208 2076 affected sib-pairs and 66 affected half-sib-pairs of the British Genetics of HyperTension study.

209 for example, allele sharing proportions for sib pairs or logarithm of odds (lod) scores in general s

210 general pedigrees and are not restricted to sib pairs or nuclear families.

211 Misclassification of half-sib pairs or unrelated individuals as full sibs can resu

212 Multiple genome-wide scans involving sib-pairs or limited pedigrees have been extensively use

213 ely to be ascertained than affected non-twin sib pairs (or 7 times more likely if "stoppage" plays a

214 atellite (in the total sample of informative sib-pairs p = 0.039, in selected sample of one or zero a

215 of haplotype sharing was higher in affected sib pairs (p < 0.01).

216 , the intraclass correlations (ICCs) between sib-pairs (pairs of unaffected siblings and schizophreni

217 airs, we assume that they are the same among sib pairs, parent-offspring pairs, and monozygotic twins

218 The squared sib-pair phenotype difference (SQD) has been used as a d

219 A new function of sib-pair phenotypes, the product of pair values correcte

220 compared to other proposed functions of the sib-pair phenotypes.

221 We used three nonparametric affected-sib-pair programs and two nonparametric pedigree-analysi

222 he two-locus LOD-score analysis for affected sib pairs proposed by Cordell et al.

223 d volumetric magnetic resonance imaging in a sib pair "quad" design to study the family aggregation o

224 ther the maximum-likelihood framework or the sib-pair regression paradigm.

225 evere suicide attempts (P=.006 in unaffected sib pairs; regression: P=.01), alcoholism (P=.003 in una

226 on: P=.01), alcoholism (P=.003 in unaffected sib-pairs; regression: P=.02), and Karolinska Scales of

227 tin-1 and EFEMP1, in subsamples (145 and 189 sib pairs, respectively) of the data.

228 Two-point LOD scores and single-locus sib-pair results gave some support for suggestive linkag

229 Sib-pair analysis based on a maximum of 258 sib pairs revealed suggestive linkages between the perce

230 e genes including nicotinic receptors in 200 sib pairs selected from the Mid-South Tobacco Family pop

231 linkage to suicidality (P=.006 in unaffected sib pairs), severe suicide attempts (P=.006 in unaffecte

232 he implicit assumption that randomly sampled sib pairs share half their alleles identical by descent

233 Affected sib pairs showed excess allele sharing at the 18q marker

234 Families with brother-sister sib-pairs showed a peak NPL of 3.46 ( P = 0.0003, lambda

235 Designation of only GD cases as affected (74 sib pairs) showed a peak NPL score of 3.09 (P=.001).

236 kage Analysis Testing), that can perform any sib pair statistical test currently in use, as well as a

237 advocate the ASP/DSP design with appropriate sib-pair statistics that test the difference in allele s

238 Affected sib pair studies using a simple sequence repeat DNA poly

239 e high proportion of twins found in affected-sib-pair studies can be adequately explained by the high

240 Using simulation, we have investigated, for sib-pair studies, the robustness of the likelihood-ratio

241 ly applicable to case-control and discordant-sib-pair studies.

242 of complexity is involved in implementing a sib pair study and interpreting the results.

243 nome-wide linkage scan in the Irish Affected Sib Pair Study of Alcohol Dependence (IASPSAD) sample al

244 We focus on the affected sib-pair study design and develop test statistics that a

245 fer relationships typically encountered in a sib-pair study, as a function of marker allele frequenci

246 f a recurrent depression locus in a previous sib-pair study.

247 00009), and the affected-sib-pair test yielded a LOD score of 3.17 (P=.000067).

248 Here we show that the robustness of affected-sib-pair tests is related to the shape of the constraint

249 of magnitude more efficient than two common sib-pair tests of linkage; (2) extreme sampling results

250 utation frequencies were greater in affected sib pairs than in sporadic CD cases but actually decreas

251 dures for mapping quantitative-trait loci in sib pairs that allows a simultaneous test of allelic ass

252 re both haplotypes and is nonsignificant for sib pairs that do not share any DR-DQ haplotypes.

253 The association is strongest for sib pairs that share both haplotypes and is nonsignifica

254 xtremely discordant and extremely concordant sib pairs that were available in the sample is more powe

255 ing study was done in which an additional 19 sib pairs that were low concordant for circulating eosin

256 We identified 45 sib-pairs that were concordant (identical by descent) fo

257 ains >10,000 relative pairs (including 1,249 sib pairs) that are useful for linkage analyses, we perf

258 to 364 ARM families with up to 329 affected sib pairs, the linkage signal on chromosome 9 vanished,

259 We show that, for discordant sib pairs, the SDT has good power for testing linkage di

260 For samples of 500 affected sib pairs, the tests are powerful in detection of genoty

261 on available through genotyping 118 affected sib pairs, their parents and other affected family membe

262 ata, we identified in a sample of 961 female sib-pairs, three genome-wide significant QTLs for apolip

263 number of affected twin pairs among affected sib pairs to expected values in two separate samples of

264 Pointwise analysis by means of sib-pair trait differences suggests the presence, in 6p2

265 n in the data, because it only considers the sib-pair trait-value difference.

266 onal "model-free" tests such as the affected sib-pair, transmission/disequilibrium, haplotype relativ

267 ocus to structure the space of observations, sib-pairs, triads, and singletons can be analyzed jointl

268 th the conditional analysis and the affected-sib-pair two-locus analysis provided further evidence fo

269 o NIDDM with a P value of 0.005 in Caucasian sib pairs using affected sibpair (ASP) analyses.

270 f 0.04 and 0.006, respectively, in Caucasian sib pairs using similar analyses.

271 nt evidence for linkage among low concordant sib pairs was found for several markers in the region un

272 5 ARM families comprising up to 212 affected sib pairs was genotyped for 386 markers.

273 sociation in age of onset between members of sib pairs was observed when the analysis was performed u

274 d MODY3 markers to NIDDM in African-American sib pairs was observed.

275 Each exposed sib-pair was matched up to 5 unexposed sib-pairs from th

276 ions of affected relatives (such as affected sib pairs); we call this "generalized single ascertainme

277 For sib pairs, we compare the SDT to a test proposed both by

278 391 families, containing up to 452 affected sib pairs, we found linkage evidence in four regions: 1q

279 binations between HD and sexual phenotype in sib pairs, we predict, for the postulated HD gene, a mal

280 All sib pairs were concordant for a diagnosis of Gilles de l

281 be considerably reduced by including extreme sib pairs when the parents also have similarly extreme v

282 We similarly classified our data set of 82 sib pairs with AutD, identifying 45 families with AutD a

283 Tabulation of allele sharing in affected sib pairs with D20S197 and D12S349 suggests that affecte

284 he fucosyltransferase-2 locus for linkage in sib pairs with GD.

285 These two observations-sex concordance in sib pairs with HD and cosegregation of HD and LWD-impell

286 An excess of sex-concordant affected sib pairs with HD has been noted but has been attributed

287 e analysis was followed by identification of sib pairs with linkage and construction of core shared h

288 we model locus heterogeneity among affected sib pairs with prostate cancer by including covariates i

289 Previously, studies of sib pairs with sickle cell disease and isolated family s

290 The minimum shared haplotype in sib pairs with similar trait values spans 4.9 cM and is

291 ion to model the squared trait difference of sib pairs with the shared allele identical by descent (I

292 an average resolution of 8 cM in 719 Finnish sib pairs with type 2 diabetes.

293 We performed exome sequencing on an affected sib-pair with normal ultrastructure in more than 85% of

294 We have genotyped 77 affected sib-pairs with autoimmune thyroid disease for eight poly

295 int linkage methods were applied to affected sib-pairs with inflammatory bowel disease, and significa

296 nt marker densities and heterozygosities for sib pairs (with and without parental genotypes), sib tri

297 ave identified seven patients (including two sib pairs) with a predominantly late onset limb-girdle m

298 to detect unrelated individuals as not full-sib pairs, with a 5% false-positive rate.

299 l on the trait data for a sample of affected sib pairs, with disease penetrances and disease-SNP hapl

300 Two-point linkage analysis using affected sib pairs yielded LOD scores of 3.15 at D12S1623 and 1.4