ライフサイエンスコーパス: signal pathway

1 R3 in chicken T-cell lymphoma, especially in signal pathway.

2 nditions is dependent on the ERF74-RbohD-ROS signal pathway.

3 that were associated with IL6, AMPK and PPAR signal pathways.

4 , receptor 1 (TRPV1)-substance P nociceptive signaling pathway.

5 ntrols angiogenesis, the Norrin-beta-catenin signaling pathway.

6 ssing the adaptive unfolded protein response signaling pathway.

7 f ATP signaling and activation of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway.

8 pecifically binds IL-1alpha and inhibits its signaling pathway.

9 ulation of components of the Cxcr4-chemokine signaling pathway.

10 d ETR2 do not require the canonical ethylene signaling pathway.

11 how that this aptamer inhibits the IL-1alpha signaling pathway.

12 independent but EGFR- and integrin-dependent signaling pathway.

13 nes with aberrant activation of the Hedgehog signaling pathway.

14 downstream effectors of the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway.

15 tion by manipulating the IDL6-HAE/HSL2-ADPG2 signaling pathway.

16 Wallenda (Wnd)/DLK MAP kinase axonal damage signaling pathway.

17 ral component of the NPM-ALK-dependent actin signaling pathway.

18 d scaffolding protein in the T-cell receptor signaling pathway.

19 activation of downstream sensors in the RLR signaling pathway.

20 without stimulation of the proximal insulin signaling pathway.

21 ryonic polarity and regulating the NF-kappaB signaling pathway.

22 amily members are influenced by this hormone signaling pathway.

23 type 1 (AGTR1), in the Ca2+/AT-IIR/alpha-AR signaling pathway.

24 tasis via Akt(S437) phosphorylation mediated signaling pathway.

25 ory role for embryonic myosin in the TGFbeta signaling pathway.

26 ns in the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) signaling pathway.

27 ostasis through the Paneth cells and the Wnt signaling pathway.

28 liferation of PDGFRalpha+ cells via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

29 riation in 40 of 41 genes comprising the NOD signaling pathway.

30 ion in the murine lung via a TLR2/TLR4/MyD88-signaling pathway.

31 cogenic dependency from the BCL-2 to the ERK signaling pathway.

32 tivating a Calcineurin-FoxO-MuRF1-proteosome signaling pathway.

33 ell growth involves inhibition of the p70S6K signaling pathway.

34 disease virulence through disruption of host signaling pathways.

35 onses to various signals and crosstalk among signaling pathways.

36 addition to thiol-containing proteins in key signaling pathways.

37 TU suppressed the Emax insurmountably in all signaling pathways.

38 ll as downregulation of extracellular matrix signaling pathways.

39 mediated through differential or synergistic signaling pathways.

40 sively to understand the selectivity of GPCR signaling pathways.

41 g the control of apoptosis with the relevant signaling pathways.

42 ntial role in propagating TNF-alpha-mediated signaling pathways.

43 icipates in crosstalk between these critical signaling pathways.

44 ions, which, in turn, may reveal further Wnt signaling pathways.

45 e by upregulating critical cancer-associated signaling pathways.

46 ylic acid- and jasmonic acid-related defense signaling pathways.

47 at can cleave extracellular matrix and alter signaling pathways.

48 Rs) are central to many fundamental cellular signaling pathways.

49 sias often due to interacting or overlapping signaling pathways.

50 be correlated to restoration of ERK and AKT signaling pathways.

51 like receptors and pro-inflammatory cytokine signaling pathways.

52 ns 273 scaffold proteins and 1118 associated signaling pathways.

53 n if they are mediated by shared or distinct signaling pathways.

54 rmations to respond to regulatory signals in signaling pathways.

55 rom mouse tracheas were assayed in vitro for signaling pathways.

56 ccording to a mechanism involving endogenous signaling pathways.

57 iles accumulating in GPCR, PI3K-Akt and FGFR signaling pathways.

58 bolic, transport, genetic, developmental and signaling pathways.

59 associated with alterations in intracellular signaling pathways.

60 ndicated an upregulation of "Axonal Guidance Signaling" pathway.

61 nate receptor and the downstream JAK2-STAT5a signalling pathway.

62 g is prevented by inhibition of the FGF/MAPK signalling pathway.

63 ent cells, suggesting a convergence of these signalling pathways.

64 r effects, suggesting they activate distinct signalling pathways.

65 RHIM-dependent inflammatory and necroptotic signalling pathways.

66 owth and development in response to multiple signalling pathways.

67 ing that GRIKs are also involved in salinity signalling pathways.

68 Down-regulation of the ARP2/3 complex signaling pathway, a common final pathway for multiple s

69 Scaffold proteins modulate signalling pathway activity spatially and temporally.

70 eta is an established regulator of the Notch signaling pathway, although its mechanism of action rema

71 associated unique abnormalities in cellular signaling pathways amenable to directed therapies.

72 , we find that a recognized growth-promoting signaling pathway amplifies the F-actin disassembly and

73 attenuated the upregulation of the TGF-beta signaling pathway and alpha1-antitrypsin protein (a seri

74 phenotypes restore sensitivity to the mTORC1 signaling pathway and cause death, indicating that persi

75 tion of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway and inhibition of glycogen synthase ki

76 ified, and connections between the symbiosis signaling pathway and key transcriptional regulators tha

77 cer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway and negated by TLR4-specific antibody

78 t the functional plasticity of the NF-kappaB signaling pathway and underscores the need for more sele

79 NSPs) that play roles in the control of cell-signaling pathways and defense against pathogens and who

80 in this study between cell-specific dynamic signaling pathways and drug sensitivity.

81 released from multiple cells engage distinct signaling pathways and effector systems across the entir

82 n is sufficient to activate BCR and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways and further enhances signaling follow

83 earlier work linking the immune and insulin signaling pathways and identify new targets of insulin s

84 This can be a challenge, since signaling pathways and ligands are commonly used at mult

85 We identified alterations in signaling pathways and proteins with related functions,

86 s, called effectors, to manipulate host cell signaling pathways and subvert host defense mechanisms.

87 c progression of HCC by integrating multiple signaling pathways and suggest that Gab2 might be a powe

88 d endocrine systems, by influencing cellular signaling pathways and sulfhydration of target proteins.

89 ent of this association involves a number of signaling pathways and transcriptional responses between

90 th a global suppression of type I interferon-signalling pathway and an aberrant expression of host ge

91 pt we have investigated the role of p38 MAPK signalling pathway and have shown a subpopulation- and p

92 egulated the IFN-stimulated response element signalling pathways and activated a panel of IFN-regulat

93 lifespan is regulated by conserved metabolic signalling pathways and specific transcription factors,

94 These findings uncover a new Ssp1-Kin1 signaling pathway, and define its functional and mechani

95 des by activating the TIR-1 - JNK-1 - DAF-16 signaling pathway, and the cell wall component of BB68 c

96 ntial to differentiate the respective roles, signaling pathways, and phenotypic outcomes of hUII and

97 adrenergic signaling, cross-talk with other signaling pathways, and the effects of betaAR-directed d

98 ptor internalization, regulation of distinct signaling pathways, and transcriptional regulation.

99 urotransmitter systems through intracellular signaling pathways-and may unify a number of currently c

100 Surprisingly, what signaling pathways are active in the basal state and the

101 nally, we identified that NF-kappaB and MAPK signaling pathways are both involved in the process of I

102 Cytokine-mediated intracellular signaling pathways are fundamental for the development,

103 nrichment analysis (GSEA) indicated multiple signaling pathways are involved DKD pathogenesis.

104 Wnt signaling pathways are of significant interest in develo

105 le resource for understanding how individual signaling pathways are regulated.

106 activation of epithelial NF-kappaB and PI3K signaling pathways are restricted by the M-ILK deficienc

107 e receptors that signal through the JAK/STAT signalling pathway are important for disease, informing

108 hangions to propel lymph, but the underlying signalling pathways are unknown.

109 reviously uncharacterized IGF1-RIT1-Akt-Sox2 signaling pathway as a key component of neurogenic niche

110 cluding activation of the p38 MAPK-C/EBPbeta signaling pathway as well as the ubiquitin-proteasome an

111 in the [Ca(2+)]c to trigger the PYK2/MEK/ERK signalling pathway as a positive feedback mechanism that

112 ment in axon guidance and actin cytoskeleton signalling pathways as well as activation of inflammator

113 umber of candidate genes involved in the ABA signaling pathway, as well as transcription factors, tra

114 (mTOR), proinflammatory, and anti-apoptotic signaling pathways, as well as downregulation of extrace

115 se and phospho-AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 signaling pathways, as well as increased total and activ

116 bowel diseases is driven by the inflammatory signaling pathways associated with mucosal epithelial da

117 ng vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathways at concentrations too low to be detec

118 provides an easy and systematic way to study signaling pathways at the single-cell level.

119 Tumor biopsies showed decreases in cell-signaling pathways (Bcl-2, Bcl-6, c-Myc), reduced prolif

120 To infer when during evolution signaling pathways became associated with cilia, we char

121 By aberrantly activating the RAF-MEK-ERK signaling pathway, BRAF-V600E shapes key biologic featur

122 avior by participating in a seemingly simple signaling pathway, but outcomes produced by Notch signal

123 server with a bewildering array of potential signalling pathways by which a fall in oxygen levels mig

124 kappaB-mediated inflammatory and tumorigenic signaling pathways can explain the absence of hepatic tu

125 hepatic AMPK/sirtuin-1 and FGF21/beta-klotho signaling pathways combined with down-regulation of STAT

126 in transcript levels of elements of several signaling pathways considered critical for diapause regu

127 Thus, we hypothesized that the JNK/c-Jun signaling pathway contributes to TNBC tumorigenesis.

128 Here, we identify a novel signaling pathway contributing to IL-8 secretion in the

129 hosis and HCC, but the molecular players and signaling pathways contributing to these processes remai

130 to coordinate an IL6-dependent AMPK nuclear signaling pathway converging on FoxO3 transcription fact

131 findings provide novel information regarding signaling pathways coordinating central control of whole

132 e-B-cell receptor and interleukin 7 receptor signaling pathways critical to B-cell development (with

133 mber of the Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) signaling pathway, Decapentaplegic (Dpp), specifically i

134 rain-region-specific neural progenitor-based signaling pathway dedicated to regulating GM vessel deve

135 ding on the cell type, expression level, and signaling pathway downstream of this receptor.

136 treatment, and a better understanding of the signaling pathways downstream of PD-1 could provide biom

137 Deregulation of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway drives the development of colorectal c

138 can be mimicked by drugs acting on serotonin signalling pathways e.g. trazodone and lorcaserin.

139 bB4-induced phosphorylation of the canonical signaling pathway effectors Erk1/2, Akt, or STAT5 nor Er

140 To search for signaling pathways enriched in muscle of ICU-acquired we

141 As the primary cilium coordinates several signaling pathways essential for odontogenesis, ciliary

142 holamines, we observed that convergent MAPKs signalling pathways facilitate P-UAEC proliferation indu

143 a specific context by receptors to initiate signaling pathways for engulfment.

144 Complementary endothelial signalling pathways for ascending vasodilatation ensure

145 trated that the TGF-beta and IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways form a positive feedback signaling lo

146 How signaling pathways function reliably despite cellular va

147 During human brain development, multiple signaling pathways generate diverse cell types with vari

148 The RTK/ERK signaling pathway has been implicated in prostate cancer

149 geted therapies specific to the BRAF-MEK-ERK signaling pathway have shown great promise in the treatm

150 Both signaling pathways have been predicted previously using

151 This study proposes CTC biomarkers and signaling pathways implicated in BCBM that may be used e

152 Examination of TLR signaling pathways implicated the canonical NF-kappaB pa

153 calcium ions (Ca2+) represents a fundamental signaling pathway in all eukaryotic cells.

154 inc-induced cancer prevention and Orai1-SOCE signaling pathway in cancer cells.

155 gated the molecular role of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway in reparative dentinogenesis using an

156 Light and ACh share a common signaling pathway in sphincter muscle.

157 Activation of the nodulation signaling pathway in spontaneously nodulating mutants wa

158 logous phosphatases that negatively regulate signaling pathways in a number of hematopoietic lineages

159 growth factor 21 (FGF21), and activation of signaling pathways in adipose tissue.

160 t implications for interventions that target signaling pathways in angiogenesis relevant to cancer, v

161 h have been shown to be involved in numerous signaling pathways in Arabidopsis.

162 has been shown to inhibit numerous oncogenic signaling pathways in cancer cells.

163 ceptor-mediated proliferation and cell death signaling pathways in different tumor types and presents

164 e alterations in protein phosphorylation and signaling pathways in pancreatic cancer cells after gemc

165 ownregulated RTK, mTOR, and Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathways in premalignant mammary tissues.

166 cells, whether it directly engages nutrient signaling pathways in skeletal muscle to maintain system

167 HBoV1 takes advantage of signaling pathways in the DNA damage response for effici

168 tion clock) driving the rhythmic activity of signaling pathways in the presomitic mesoderm (PSM).

169 nd inflammation including NF-kappaB and Nrf2 signaling pathways in the retina which may contribute to

170 roles of NFIC-dependent and NFIC-independent signaling pathways in tooth root formation.

171 termining the specificity of a vast array of signalling pathways in plants.

172 our approach to control mechanotransductory signalling pathways in time and space.

173 d that they play important roles in multiple signalling pathways in vivo.

174 ese transcriptional changes were enriched in signalling pathways in which the PI3K-Akt signalling pat

175 IL-6/IL-6R signaling pathway, in particular, has been proposed to b

176 upregulation of a number of hypoxia mediated signaling pathways including cell proliferation, metabol

177 es and apoptosis at the wound healing stage, signaling pathways including Wnt and TGFbeta during earl

178 13 also linked SMYD2 to other PKD-associated signaling pathways, including ERK, mTOR, and Akt signali

179 that they can activate a range of downstream signaling pathways, including MAP kinase and Akt.

180 stability along with upregulation of several signaling pathways, including the cytokine-cytokine rece

181 h and survival via activation of MM survival signaling pathways, including the MEK-extracellular sign

182 athway has cross-talk with several other key signaling pathways, including the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK

183 idly activate intracellular second-messenger signaling pathways independently of gene expression (non

184 t of the well-studied heat shock and insulin signaling pathways, indicating that the IPR is a distinc

185 gs that inhibit important kinases in the BCR signaling pathway inhibit activation of lytic viral expr

186 This study elucidated a novel cytoprotective signaling pathway initiated by the APP transcriptionally

187 ial-to-mesenchymal transition and the ERK1/2 signaling pathway inversely affected by miR-519d or EphA

188 diseases such as atopic dermatitis, but the signaling pathways involved are unclear.

189 ically diverse malignancy, and new genes and signaling pathways involved in pathogenesis continue to

190 ed sensitization of the channel to stimulate signaling pathways involved in regulating skin homeostas

191 Signaling pathways involved in stiffness-mediated podocy

192 Based on these results, we propose that signaling pathways involved in structural plasticity lik

193 ents and further identify the cell types and signaling pathways involved in this process.

194 inhibition of the RIG-I-like receptor (RLR) signaling pathway involves inhibition of RIG-I K63-linke

195 in-releasing pancreatic beta cells through a signaling pathway involving the second messenger cyclic

196 Identifying specific signaling pathways involving Abeta has allowed for the d

197 a tool for optogenetic manipulation of cell-signaling pathways involving cyclic nucleotides.

198 3K-protein kinase B (PKB; also known as Akt) signaling pathway is a central axis in mediating proxima

199 mouse infection models, we show that the SIP signaling pathway is active during infection and contrib

200 The activin signaling pathway is an attractive candidate to fulfill

201 normal palatal tissues and that the Eda/Edar signaling pathway is downstream of Pax9 in palatogenesis

202 The NETRIN1 signaling pathway is identified as a candidate pathway f

203 Our results also suggest that the SA signaling pathway is involved in CP-mediated plant defen

204 tion of the presence of WNV through the MAVS signaling pathway is not required for generation of effe

205 Although the canonical Notch signaling pathway is well characterized, accumulating ev

206 eonine phosphatases integrate with G protein signaling pathways is less understood.

207 in blood oxygenation with those in neuronal signaling pathways is missing.

208 Thus, therapeutic control of the TLR4 signalling pathway is of major interest.

209 The Notch signalling pathway is repressed by Myt1l through silenci

210 f important molecular components of the TGFB signaling pathway, it is likely that interactions remain

211 metric to study information transmission in signaling pathways, it does not capture the overlap betw

212 Although much is known about the underlying signaling pathways, it remains unclear how macroscopic f

213 When it is depleted, specific signaling pathways leading to antiviral effectors are af

214 was shown to be interference with the lipid signaling pathway, leading to reduced expression of MDR

215 led to the recognition of distinct neuronal signaling pathways linking Abeta to synaptotoxicity and

216 ng the last years in understanding the SnRK1 signaling pathway, many of its components remain unident

217 Targeting fibrinogen or its downstream BMP signaling pathway may help with CNS repair.

218 s or agonists that target these chemosensory signaling pathways may be considered as new therapeutic

219 y (TBI), suggesting that stimulation of BDNF signaling pathways may facilitate functional recovery.

220 three agonists in a parallel manner for all signaling pathways measured.

221 ns was a result of activation of alternative signaling pathways mediated by factors secreted by BM st

222 However, whether this ubiquitin signaling pathway mediates Abeta-induced loss of surface

223 1, 0007155) and pathways in cancer, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, metabolic pathways (pathway IDs: 5200

224 to be spatially regulated through two myosin-signaling pathways, myosin light chain kinase and Rho-as

225 ylation of components of the hepatic insulin-signaling pathway, namely IRS1, Akt, and GSK3, was decre

226 e results also provide new evidence that the signaling pathway of cellular MKK2 phosphorylation plays

227 This unconventional signaling pathway offers an innovative therapeutic targe

228 F-kappaB1/p50 gene and inhibit the NF-kappaB signaling pathway (p-P65 downward arrow, NF-kappaB1/p50

229 reciprocal feedback between AR and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways, pAKT levels were increased in androg

230 ng substrates and activation of the cAMP/pkA signaling pathway play a key role in spontaneous lizard

231 The hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway plays a central role during embryonic

232 dence demonstrates that the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway plays a dominant role in bone repair.

233 Aberrant activation of the Wnt signaling pathway plays an important role in human cance

234 Accordingly, stem cell-specific oxygen signaling pathways precisely control the balance between

235 icant because the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway promotes neurogenesis and inhibits neu

236 maturation through the cytoplasmic gelsolin signaling pathway, providing new drug targets for the tr

237 These results suggest that an active ET signaling pathway reduces root attractiveness to SCN in

238 animal kingdom, it is unknown whether common signaling pathways regulate the development of neuronal

239 ar progenitors and that members of the Notch signalling pathway regulate further differentiation of t

240 In an attempt to identify novel actin signaling pathways regulated by NPM-ALK, a comprehensive

241 The Reelin-Dab1 signaling pathway regulates development of the mammalian

242 we show that the butterfly-shaped TIPRL (TOR signaling pathway regulator) makes highly integrative mu

243 Abnormalities in signalling pathways required for postnatal hypertrophic

244 Interestingly, inhibiting the TOR signaling pathway rescued the midgut defects of the Atg9

245 entiation of Langerhans cells, delineate the signaling pathways responsible for each phase of the hai

246 mine triggered the Akt-nitric oxide synthase signaling pathway, resulting in time- and isoform-specif

247 Signaling pathways (retinoic acid, sonic hedgehog, and N

248 ents of the Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) signaling pathway, revealing that BMP signaling inactiva

249 ted with S100A4 elevation, defining required signaling pathway(s) for S100A4 in this setting.

250 In a signaling pathway screen, lysophosphatidic acid increase

251 concurrent blockage of the NF-kappaB and Akt signaling pathways sensitizes lung cancer cells to cispl

252 ng genetic aberrations that impair the Hippo signaling pathway showed heightened sensitivity to gemci

253 AP4Ks as important regulators of the DLK/JNK signaling pathway.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Neuronal degene

254 rts mutational testing for genes in the EGFR signaling pathway, since they provide clinically actiona

255 significance, as therapeutic targeting of a signaling pathway such as NG2/CSPG4 may have different e

256 VC) via several astrocytic Ca(2+) -dependent signalling pathways such as K(+) release through BK chan

257 ale that is inconsistent with canonical trkB signaling pathways, suggesting a noncanonical role for t

258 esign of rational cytokine and intracellular signaling pathway-targeted therapeutics, reviewed herein

259 Here, we characterize a novel signaling pathway that can be targeted to inhibit the se

260 cidate a novel RARbeta-TET2-miR-200c-PKCzeta signaling pathway that directs cancer cell state changes

261 ns are the downstream effectors of the Hippo signaling pathway that regulate cell proliferation and s

262 an target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), a signaling pathway that regulates synaptic protein synthe

263 S339-CXCR4 in order to activate a PREX1-Rac1-signaling pathway that stabilizes interleukin-2(IL-2), I

264 yme involved in protein degradation affect a signaling pathway that stimulates the development of the

265 LTCCs) in the plasma membrane can initiate a signaling pathway that ultimately increases nuclear CREB

266 zing AMPK to allosteric drugs, and activates signaling pathways that appear independent of Thr172 pho

267 activin and TGF-beta are strongly connected signaling pathways that are important in advanced CRC.

268 ets of which were enriched for intracellular signaling pathways that are important to coordinating in

269 5, resulting in the activation of downstream signaling pathways that have been linked to pro-nocicept

270 ity and an obese tumor microenvironment with signaling pathways that predict aggressive breast cancer

271 mily of nonreceptor tyrosine kinases acts in signaling pathways that regulate cell migration, cell ad

272 al and homing characteristics exist, but the signaling pathways that regulate their development are i

273 identified multiple candidates in many cell signaling pathways that were able to mediate significant

274 study highlights an important innate immune signalling pathway that functions in intestinal epitheli

275 ducing upstream resistance via complementary signalling pathways that reflect the intensity and durat

276 poptosis and inflammation, and modulators of signalling pathways that regulate stem-cell pluripotency

277 Promotion of AD-related signaling pathways through this mechanism may contribute

278 he blockade of the HER2-pY(1196)-PAK1-T(423) signaling pathway, thus increased tumor cell motility.

279 s, many of which signal through the JAK/STAT signaling pathway to exert their biological effects.

280 llular ATP signaling directly impacts the JA signaling pathway to maximize plant defense responses.

281 progenitors, we found activation of the Wnt signaling pathway to promote neurogenesis of the ENS in

282 x network with serotonergic and neuropeptide signaling pathways to control food-regulated behavioral

283 n upstream regulators of the TORC1 and TORC2 signaling pathways to coordinate cellular stress respons

284 edgehog (Gli1, Ptch1, SMO), and mTOR (pS6K1) signaling pathways to determine the mechanism of action

285 hat target angiotensin II-dependent NFkappaB signaling pathways to improve the treatment of this brea

286 to IL-32beta and also IL-6, IL-8, and CXCR1 signaling pathways to reverse the proapoptotic effect of

287 A signaling pathway transmits information from an upstream

288 However, the intracellular signaling pathway triggering Src activation of IRF4 rema

289 of a variety of genes and identify multiple signaling pathways underlying taste cell differentiation

290 Moreover, the photoreceptor signalling pathways underlying the circadian regulation

291 etween the mRNA capping machinery and the Hh signaling pathway, unveils a new facet of Hh signaling r

292 Nitro-fatty acids can modify specific signaling pathways via post-translational modifications

293 promiscuously used-and frequently oncogenic-signalling pathways, via a novel combination of epigenet

294 This signaling pathway was required for both the early and la

295 in signalling pathways in which the PI3K-Akt signalling pathway was identified as a hub.

296 ave in part described this systemic-to-brain signaling pathway, we lack information on how these chan

297 antagonism patterns could vary in different signaling pathways, which could be related to conformati

298 By screening TAK1-associated signaling pathways with inhibitors and siRNAs, we found

299 types via distinct classical and alternative signaling pathways, with implications for improved under

300 EVs secreted by AFSC could target a specific signaling pathway within the glomerulus, thus representi