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1 the production of an enzyme that cleaves the signaling molecule.
2 Heme is an essential cofactor and signaling molecule.
3 a sieve elements as a putative long-distance signaling molecule.
4 and/or homocysteine for synthesis of H2S, a signaling molecule.
5 ng multiple crucial roles as a scavenger and signaling molecule.
6 e and function of the elusive quorum-sensing signaling molecule.
7 f poxL, indicating that H2 O2 functions as a signaling molecule.
8 ctionality as a cell adhesion molecule and a signaling molecule.
9 nutrient stimulus triggers the release of a signaling molecule.
10 ivity involving inhibition by oxidized redox-signaling molecules.
11 (NP) and are an important source of secreted signaling molecules.
12 mbly of primary cilia and the trafficking of signaling molecules.
13 that communicate by producing and releasing signaling molecules.
14 ction from the receptor relies on additional signaling molecules.
15 ly, suggesting an alternative role for these signaling molecules.
16 that is controlled by diverse trans-synaptic signaling molecules.
17 muli, including the binding of intracellular signaling molecules.
18 th in the context of distinct phases and the signaling molecules.
19 t can interact with a variety of adapter and signaling molecules.
20 diverse ligands making them highly adaptable signaling molecules.
21 cytes (IHH) and activation of its downstream signaling molecules.
22 hosphorylation sites on known LTP-associated signaling molecules.
23 microdomains function as assembly points for signaling molecules.
24 hitin-based rhizobial/arbuscular mycorrhizal signaling molecules.
25 IPK) with PKR, but not other TLR4 downstream signaling molecules.
26 gral transport system for water, sugars, and signaling molecules.
27 nt of axis-wide transcriptional gradients of signaling molecules.
28 P), among others, may serve as extracellular signaling molecules.
29 scaffolding protein to functionally regulate signaling molecules.
30 hes that might recognize different bacterial signaling molecules.
31 s, the dual-GEF Trio, and other adaptors and signaling molecules.
32 ion as structural membrane components and as signaling molecules.
33 ors directed against KIT D816V and other key signaling molecules.
34 cell wall and the activity of extracellular signaling molecules.
35 ated by balancing the activities of specific signaling molecules.
36 s through dynamic interactions with external signaling molecules.
37 ates in sphingolipid biosynthesis and potent signaling molecules.
38 orders caused by defects in PS receptors and signaling molecules.
39 vation of phospho-SMAD1/5 and ID1 downstream signaling molecules.
40 ne-bound receptors and related intracellular signaling molecules.
41 communication mediated by a diverse array of signaling molecules.
42 gulation; in particular, the candidate lipid signaling molecules 1-monoacylglycerol, diacylglycerol,
48 ogen peroxide (H2O2), which acts as a potent signaling molecule affecting barrier function and host d
49 c energy source for sink tissues but also as signaling molecules, affecting gene expression through c
50 etic regulator, WHSC1, and key intracellular signaling molecules, AKT, RICTOR, and Rac1, to drive PCa
51 in transport organelles, mRNA, proteins, and signaling molecules along the microtubule cytoskeleton.
57 tment, but how it complements other required signaling molecules and acts intracellularly is unknown.
59 itative model that couples transportation of signaling molecules and cellular response to aid the des
60 le to small molecules including antibiotics, signaling molecules and functional fluorescent probes.
61 ed pathway drives the expression of secreted signaling molecules and growth factors to delaminating c
62 ctivated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma), insulin signaling molecules and mitochondrial function markers.
63 lar events that are regulated by an array of signaling molecules and pathways are tightly coordinated
64 however, led to reduced activation of these signaling molecules and subsequently NF-kappaB and Ca(2+
65 n emerging theme is the role of inflammatory signaling molecules and the innate immune system in dire
66 may require coordinated production of these signaling molecules and their receptors that may be esta
69 id rafts which concentrate caveolins, harbor signaling molecules and their targets becoming signaling
70 talization of neurotransmitter receptors and signaling molecules and thereby support long-term plasti
71 ene ontology analysis revealed enrichment of signaling molecules and transcription factors crucial fo
73 In this brief review, I discuss the known signaling molecules (and pathways) that regulate how Ags
74 gen sulfide (H2S) is an important biological signaling molecule, and chemical tools for H2S delivery
75 tors, targeted proteins and strain-generated signaling molecule, and it is described by a kinetic mul
76 sociated with ADPKD: PC1 (pkd1), primarily a signaling molecule, and PC2 (pkd2), a Ca(2+) channel.
77 on of CFTR and calmodulin, the major calcium signaling molecule, and report protein kinase A (PKA)-in
78 f variegated surface receptor, intracellular signaling molecule, and transcription factor expression;
79 ing the phosphorylation of membrane-proximal signaling molecules, and effectively inhibit proliferati
80 t AGR2 directly binds to these extracellular signaling molecules, and enhances their homodimerization
81 nes, are able to divide, respond normally to signaling molecules, and maintains healthy organelle mor
83 f actin dynamics is modulated by biochemical signaling molecules, and suggests that actin catch bonds
84 quitinate numerous transcription factors and signaling molecules, and their activity must be tightly
85 Changes in epithelial resistance, apoptosis signaling molecules, and tight junction (TJ) protein pho
86 genes encoding chromatin-modifying enzymes, signaling molecules, and transcription factors involved
89 n olfactory classical conditioning, and cAMP signaling molecules are necessary and sufficient for nor
91 state, both the concentration profile of the signaling molecule as well as the contractility profile
94 rowth responses, and blocked accumulation of signaling molecules associated with nascent adhesions.
97 esistance (SAR) in plants is mediated by the signaling molecules azelaic acid (AzA), glycerol-3-phosp
98 ed protein-1 (LRP1) is a large endocytic and signaling molecule broadly expressed by neurons and glia
101 hydrogen sulfide (H2S), which functions as a signaling molecule but is toxic at high concentrations,
102 P have previously been used as inhibitors or signaling molecules but were regarded as "artificial" co
104 roles by phosphorylating a diverse range of signaling molecules, but deciphering their direct physio
106 oreover, we identified a novel intracellular signaling molecule, cAMP-response element binding protei
107 Our results indicated that CagA and its signaling molecules can be detected in the malignant B c
108 The results show that 2-AG and related lipid signaling molecules can directly tune neuronal excitabil
110 in the catabolism of heme into the bioactive signaling molecules carbon monoxide, biliverdin, and iro
112 ing as both markers of membrane identity and signaling molecules central to the cell's interaction wi
113 order within the microenvironment, much like signaling molecules convey positional information to org
114 data position CD2AP as a major intracellular signaling molecule coordinating NGF signaling to regulat
115 of GGDEF enzymes synthesizes the asymmetric signaling molecule cyclic AMP-GMP (cAG or 3', 3'-cGAMP).
117 his study, we identified five soluble immune signaling molecules (cytokines) in the blood that were h
118 d C3a reduced the expression of the IFN-beta signaling molecules DDX41, STING, phosphorylated TBK1, a
120 riated muscle and also as a mechanosensitive signaling molecule during cell migration and shear stres
121 ter-mediated movement of key metabolites and signaling molecules (e.g. gut microbiome-to-intestine-to
122 In contrast, mutations involving NPM1 or signaling molecules (eg, FLT3, RAS) typically are second
124 udies have described bile acids as versatile signaling molecules endowed with systemic endocrine func
125 modules of coordinated transcription factor-signaling molecule expression patterns, suggesting a com
126 Here, we manipulate the gene dosage of a signaling molecule, Fgf8, a critical regulator of verteb
127 ting PLCgamma (PLCG1), a downstream effector signaling molecule for FGFR1, was sufficient to produce
128 these findings suggest Pak2 as an important signaling molecule for guarding against aberrant immune
130 nding Protein-beta (C/EBPbeta) is a critical signaling molecule for macrophages because expression of
131 summary, our study identifies NLK as a novel signaling molecule for proper lung development through t
132 ng interest in nitro fatty acids (NO2-FA) as signaling molecules formed under nitroxidative stress.
134 ental Cell, Wang et al. (2017) reveal that a signaling molecule generated by phospholipase D2 drives
135 against M. tuberculosis, the role of NO as a signaling molecule has been poorly characterized in the
136 directly activated by cAMP (EPAC) family of signaling molecules have demonstrated that EPAC proteins
137 e compendium encoded cell surface receptors, signaling molecules (hormones, neuropeptides, cytokines)
138 Cys-SSH and GSSH together with the potential signaling molecules hydrogen per- and tri-sulfide (H2S2
139 Enzymes in the sulfur network generate the signaling molecule, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), from the ami
140 al communication mechanism in which secreted signaling molecules impact population function and gene
141 In this study, lactic acid was tested as a signaling molecule in C2C12 myotubes to understand the m
143 gen sulfide (H2S) is an essential biological signaling molecule in diverse biological regulatory path
149 level and identify A20 as a novel downstream signaling molecule in the course of periodontal inflamma
151 MYC overexpression and B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling molecules in B-NHL, signaling pathways essenti
152 studies have shown the importance of various signaling molecules in BBB formation during development,
153 However, the significance of CagA and CagA-signaling molecules in gastric DLBCL remains unexplored.
154 lly regulated domains of BMP, FGF, and other signaling molecules in late gastrula-early neurula stage
157 pecific FGF receptor type and its downstream signaling molecules in oligodendrocytes to obtain better
158 imultaneous imaging of the activities of two signaling molecules in single dendritic spines undergoin
161 es, the identity of the equivalent microbial signaling molecules in the Frankia/actinorhizal associat
162 al patterning of events starting with neural signaling molecules in the frontal cortex and ending in
165 expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) signaling molecules including Hif-1alpha, Hif-2alpha, Ve
166 regulation of YAP-TEAD-associated downstream signaling molecules, including c-myc, axl, CTGF, cyr61 a
168 n by Gab2 in hepatic cells involved multiple signaling molecules, including ERK, Akt, and Janus kinas
169 exhibit increased activation of prosurvival signaling molecules, including pAkt, p-p70S6K, and pNFka
170 on of arachidonic acid to a variety of lipid signaling molecules, including prostaglandin E2 (PGE2).
171 at nsp4 inhibited IRF3 activation induced by signaling molecules, including RIG-I, MDA5, VISA, and TB
172 y reduces the activation of key inflammatory signaling molecules, including the transcription factor
173 ut microbiome products, key metabolites, and signaling molecules, including those flowing through the
175 mpanied with the downregulation of oncogenic signaling molecules (iNOS, STAT3/pSTAT3, Src/pSrc).
177 c binding surface for inositol polyphosphate signaling molecules (InsPs), the concentrations of which
178 ssues, which are controlled by extracellular signaling molecules interacting with receptors at the po
179 ability to assemble biomaterials, cells, and signaling molecules into anatomically relevant functiona
180 neuronal signaling requires organization of signaling molecules into macromolecular complexes, whose
181 rs triggers the reorganization of downstream signaling molecules into micrometer- or submicrometer-si
182 molecule 1 (C?/Au: EACAM1) is a cell-surface signaling molecule involved in cell adhesion, proliferat
184 linked kinase (ILK) is a downstream integrin signaling molecule involved in multiple hepatic processe
185 the synthesis of nitric oxide, an important signaling molecule involved in numerous physiological an
186 Inositol pyrophosphates are high energy signaling molecules involved in cellular processes, such
187 ne the role of IL-5 priming and identify the signaling molecules involved in Siglec-8 function for hu
188 annels, G-protein coupled receptors and cell-signaling molecules involved in the regulation of cell g
190 ly of cell surface receptors with downstream signaling molecules is a commonly occurring theme in mul
192 rly senescence of pat14 does not involve the signaling molecules jasmonic acid and abscisic acid, or
194 and between cancer-stromal cells by secreted signaling molecules (ligands) and their cognate receptor
196 brane-associated Hrs facilitates assembly of signaling molecules, macropinocytosis, and virus entry.
197 berate activation of H2 R, or its downstream signaling molecules, may represent a novel therapeutic t
199 effects in quorum sensing (QS) as the common signaling molecule N-acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) at co
203 of phytochromes and cryptochromes and common signaling molecules of these photoreceptors, such as SPA
204 P binding without affecting binding to other signaling molecules or the strength of PI3K or Ras signa
206 ndritic branch, the local concentration of a signaling molecule, or the relative strengths of synapti
208 f TAK1-mediated, SMAD-independent downstream signaling molecules: p-MKK4 and p-JNK was observed.
209 he functional and clinical significance of a signaling molecule, Pak1, in sun-induced premalignant sk
210 og of the anti-inflammatory fatty acid amide signaling molecule palmitoylethanolamide, in mice subjec
211 involved in the generation of the key lipid signaling molecule phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosph
212 cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) and CagA-signaling molecules (phospho-Src homology-2 domain-conta
213 found that the key positive and negative BCR signaling molecules, phosphorylated Brutons tyrosine kin
216 in 4 (NRG4), an epidermal growth factor-like signaling molecule, plays an important role in cell-to-c
218 approach was used to predict metabolites and signaling molecules potentially affected by the in vivo
219 c diguanylate (c-di-GMP) is a near universal signaling molecule produced by diguanylate cyclases that
221 opens up new routes for the presentation of signaling molecules, providing control over development,
223 and we propose that Kif13b kinesin acts as a signaling molecule regulating peripheral nervous system
224 ant for hematopoietic differentiation and/or signaling molecules regulating cell proliferation and ce
226 e and storage are increasingly considered as signaling molecules regulating various physiological eff
232 compounds are recruited by white cells as a signaling molecule(s) to up-regulate stress and scavengi
237 ly reported that cDCs lacking the type I IFN signaling molecule STAT2 are impaired in cross-presentin
238 chromatin modifiers blocks growth-promoting signaling molecules such as RAD51AP1 and SPC25, which pl
239 for driving the observed retrograde flow of signaling molecules such as the TCR, Lck, ZAP70, LAT, an
241 by the secretion by fibroblast of diffusible signaling molecules, such as prostaglandin E2 The capabi
242 xpress a diverse repertoire of receptors and signaling molecules, suggesting that RGCs may respond to
243 ined the deacetylation status of the key PRR signaling molecule TBK1 and enhanced its kinase activity
244 ted the expression of several MMPs, TGF-beta signaling molecules, Tenascin-C, and VEGF-A, while pro-f
245 Cyclic di-AMP has emerged as an important signaling molecule that controls a myriad of functions,
246 d after both AE and NMES, with IGF-1 being a signaling molecule that correlated with MCT performance
247 Extracellular phosphate (Pi) can act as a signaling molecule that directly alters gene expression
248 cid (PA), likely emerged in seed plants as a signaling molecule that fine-tunes plant physiology, env
249 inobutyric acid (GABA) is a widely conserved signaling molecule that in animals has been adapted as a
251 hingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a pleiotropic signaling molecule that interacts with its five G-protei
253 of T cells (LAT) is a transmembrane adaptor signaling molecule that is part of the TCR complex and e
255 sphate (c-di-GMP) is a dynamic intracellular signaling molecule that plays a central role in the biof
256 latory protein and an extracellular cytokine signaling molecule that promotes airway inflammation as
257 gene (delta-like homolog 1) is an endocrine signaling molecule that reaches a high concentration in
259 ntify Qsp1, a secreted peptide, as a central signaling molecule that regulates virulence in the funga
260 lar protein modifier and as an extracellular signaling molecule that stimulates IFN-gamma secretion.
261 hylococcal phage encoded dUTPases (Duts) are signaling molecules that act analogously to eukaryotic G
262 t years, bile acids have emerged as relevant signaling molecules that act at both hepatic and extrahe
263 that facilitate lipid absorption but also as signaling molecules that activate the nuclear receptor f
264 In addition, novel transcription factors and signaling molecules that can develop as new possible the
265 phoinositide lipids (PPIs) are low-abundance signaling molecules that control signal transduction pat
268 n-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are two signaling molecules that have important regulatory roles
269 rotein required for activation of downstream signaling molecules that include those in the mitogen-ac
270 Quite unexpectedly, the lysosomes release signaling molecules that induce extracellular matrix rem
271 or tyrosine kinases (RTK) are important cell signaling molecules that influence many cellular process
273 sis that these compounds may have evolved as signaling molecules that mediate cell-cell interactions.
275 in eukaryotic organisms and may function as signaling molecules that mediate trafficking of other re
278 es-associated protein (YAP) as a prosurvival signaling molecule, the in vitro silencing of which incr
279 dular assembly to build a great diversity of signaling molecules, the ascarosides, which function as
280 Although cells have evolved to use ROS as signaling molecules, their chemically reactive nature al
281 By activating an intracellular cascade of signaling molecules, these G-protein-coupled neuromodula
282 ke intracellular Ca(2+) in NG2 cells a prime signaling molecule to transform neurotransmitter release
283 nine deiminase (ArcA) of S. cristatus as the signaling molecule to which P. gingivalis responds by re
284 rom stem cell metabolism has been emerged as signaling molecules to regulate stem cell behaviors such
285 vision control protein 42 (Cdc42), which are signaling molecules up-regulated during breast cancer pr
290 paracrine) and contact-mediated (juxtacrine) signaling molecules were evaluated for two conditionally
292 ly coupled to metabolism, and dissecting the signaling molecules which link these processes is an imp
294 The field comprises a large family of lipid signaling molecules whose importance is only now being f
296 It has been suggested that extracellular signaling molecules with different diffusion coefficient
297 ere is an urgent need to identify and target signaling molecules with higher expression/activity in p
298 Plasma lysophospholipids have emerged as signaling molecules with important effects on inflammati
299 ates, lipids also have the ability to act as signaling molecules with potent effects on systemic meta
300 e., the analyte) into an amplified amount of signaling molecules without any washing steps or thermoc
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