ライフサイエンスコーパス: slack

1 e sodium-activated potassium (K(Na)) channel Slack.

2 found in certain neurons that do not express Slack.

3 ave described previously the distribution of Slack, a Na+-activated K+ channel subunit.

4 When expressed in CHO cells, Slack-A channels activate rapidly upon depolarization an

5 Neuronal expression of Slack-A channels and of the previously described Slack i

6 hannels with alternate amino-termini such as Slack-A channels are present at these locations.

7 Two of these, termed Slack-A channels, contain an amino-terminus domain close

8 e approximately 6-fold longer than those for Slack-A channels.

9 Slack-A mRNAs were enriched in the brainstem and olfacto

10 in which outward currents are dominated by a Slack-A-like conductance adapt very rapidly to repeated

11 Our findings suggest that Slack activity provides a link between patterns of neuro

12 ductive behaviors, to examine the effects of Slack and FMRP on excitability.

13 prevention, however, Chilton and Fertig and Slack and Martin were certainly among the early caries c

14 ystem may result from an interaction between Slack and Slo channel subunits.

15 uring diastole, when the mitral leaflets are slack and unstressed, the leaflets appear markedly thick

16 with unitary properties similar to those of Slack and/or Slick channels, which are gated by [Na+]i a

17 Sarcomere shortening to lengths below slack (approximately 1.85 microns) also results in strai

18 Two genes encoding these channels, Slick and Slack, are expressed throughout the brain.

19 This cytoplasmic N-terminal domain of Slack-B also facilitates the localization of heteromeric

20 In contrast, Slack-B channels activate slowly over hundreds of millis

21 In contrast, Slack-B currents promote rhythmic firing during maintain

22 cytochemical studies indicate that Slick and Slack-B subunits are coexpressed in many central neurons

23 eviously described Slack isoform, now called Slack-B, are driven by independent promoters.

24 formation requires the N-terminal domain of Slack-B, one of the alternative splice variants of the S

25 ctivity is present at locations that have no Slack-B-specific staining, including olfactory bulb glom

26 eating a competitive peptide blocker of AP-2-Slack binding, we demonstrated that this interaction is

27 a dileucine motif housed in the cytoplasmic Slack C terminus that binds AP-2.

28 NAD+ also potentiated recombinant Slack channel activity.

29 Sequence analysis indicated that the Slack channel contains a putative nicotinamide adenine d

30 or clathrin recruitment to the DRG membrane, Slack channel endocytosis, and DRG neuronal hyperexcitab

31 Slack channel expression at the DRG membrane is necessar

32 The highest Slack channel expression was detected in the olfactory b

33 ings uncover AP-2 and clathrin as players in Slack channel regulation.

34 The Slack channel showed primarily a diffuse immunostaining

35 eterologous expression studies suggests that Slack channel subunits can also combine with the Slo sub

36 ng inflammation is the result of PKA-induced Slack channel trafficking.

37 alters the single-channel properties of the Slack channel.

38 ne of the alternative splice variants of the Slack channel.

39 The sodium-activated potassium (Slack) channel was the first ion channel shown to direct

40 t this PKA-induced retrograde trafficking of Slack channels also occurs in intact spinal cord slices

41 16C modulated the single-channel activity of Slack channels and increased its sodium sensitivity.

42 In neurons, Slick and Slack channels are involved in the generation of slow af

43 Our studies indicate that, in BC neurons, Slack channels are required for prolonged changes in neu

44 we examined the modulation of native KNa and Slack channels by NAD+.

45 but arises from the internal trafficking of Slack channels from DRG membranes.

46 of the inflammatory milieu, PKA internalizes Slack channels from the DRG membrane, reduces IKNa, and

47 on and subcellular localization of Slick and Slack channels in the mouse brain have not yet been esta

48 the expression and distribution of Slick and Slack channels in these species.

49 inside-out patches containing native Aplysia Slack channels increased channel opening and, in current

50 rs, our findings suggest that suppression of Slack channels may be an early step in the progression o

51 Slack channels rectify outwardly with a unitary conducta

52 fferent transcripts for Slack, which produce Slack channels that differ in their predicted cytoplasmi

53 tes of hippocampal neurones, suggesting that Slack channels with alternate amino-termini such as Slac

54 f native neuronal AP-2 adaptor proteins with Slack channels, facilitated by a dileucine motif housed

55 y exposure to a pharmacological activator of Slack channels, significantly enhance the accuracy of ti

56 We now find that Slack currents are rapidly suppressed by oligomers of mu

57 The subcellular and regional distribution of Slack differs from that previously reported for the Slo

58 Two known genes, Slick and Slack, encode K(Na) channels.

59 Suppression of Slack expression did not alter the ability of BC neurons

60 RG from TMEM16C knockout rats had diminished Slack expression, broadened action potentials and increa

61 In their 1983 paper in JEEM, Smith and Slack extended these classical experiments in newts to t

62 rvable, trust and enable reinvention, create slack for change, and lead by example.

63 ified antibody against the N-terminal of rat Slack, for biochemical and immunohistochemical studies.

64 ta suggest that alternative promoters of the Slack gene differentially modulate the properties of neu

65 The Slack gene encodes a voltage-dependent K(+) channel that

66 ne class of K(Na) channels is encoded by the Slack gene.

67 ognizes all amino-termini isoforms of Slack, Slack immunoreactivity is present at locations that have

68 Most prominent Slack immunoreactivity occurs in the brainstem, in parti

69 The only cortical region in which Slack immunoreactivity was detected was the frontal cort

70 Strong Slack immunoreactivity was present in the olfactory bulb

71 FMRP and Slack immunoreactivity were colocalized at the periphery

72 ated K+ channel is Slick, which differs from Slack in its rapid activation and its sensitivity to int

73 Given the significant role of Slack in nociceptive neuronal excitability, the AP-2 cla

74 The localization of Slack in rat brain slices was then determined using the

75 Previous studies identified Slack in sensory neurons, but its contribution to acute

76 Nonetheless, the function of Slack in the brain remains to be identified.

77 est that Slick may function independently of Slack in these regions.

78 The antibody recognized Slack in transiently transfected CHO cells both by immun

79 However, when Slack is co-expressed with Slo, channels with pharmacolo

80 2, these heads will detach from actin before slack is taken up into a backwardly displaced high stiff

81 ium-activated potassium (KNa) channel Kcnt1 (Slack) is abundantly expressed in nociceptor (pain-sensi

82 k-A channels and of the previously described Slack isoform, now called Slack-B, are driven by indepen

83 shown the sodium-activated potassium channel SLACK (KCNT1) can contribute to neuronal excitability, t

84 Mutations that alter levels of Slack (KCNT1) Na(+)-activated K(+) current produce devas

85 istry, we found ubiquitous expression of the Slack KNa channel subunit in small-, medium-, and large-

86 TMEM16C knockout rats, as well as rats with Slack knockdown by intrathecal injection of short interf

87 Global ablation of Slack led to increased hypersensitivity in models of neu

88 in the absence of added phosphate, plots of slack length versus duration of unloaded shortening were

89 Colonic elongation (140% of its empty slack length) applied oral to the recording site abolish

90 titin domains by approximately 15% of their slack length, and is therefore likely to be an important

91 n titin in conjunction with shortening below slack length.

92 ac myocytes quickly relengthen back to their slack length.

93 that tends to bring sarcomeres back to their slack length.

94 e found evidence that in sarcomeres that are slack (length, approximately 1.85 microns) the elastic t

95 tening velocities (declining with increasing slack lengths).

96 or the Slo channel subunit and suggests that Slack may also have an autonomous role in regulating the

97 mbrane channel expression leading to reduced Slack-mediated IKNa expression underlies DRG neuronal se

98 l leaflets is due to anterior malposition of slack mitral leaflet portions into the LVOT.

99 generated global and sensory neuron-specific Slack mutant mice and analyzed their behavior in various

100 s indicate that FMRP interacts directly with Slack Na(+)-activated K(+) channels (K(Na)), producing a

101 ) channels in neurons.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Slack Na(+)-activated K(+) channels (KCNT1, KNa1.1) regu

102 Notably, the Slack opener loxapine ameliorated persisting neuropathic

103 hannel conductances that do not match either Slack or Slo are formed.

104 a(2+)and other divalent cations, while SLO2 (Slack or SLO2.2 from rat) is activated by Na(+) Curiousl

105 s of this current matched that of the native Slack potassium current, which was identified using an s

106 ect on the rate of force redevelopment after slack/restretch.

107 ilizing substitutions strongly decreased the slack sarcomere length (SL) at submaximal activating [Ca

108 After a complete extraction, the slack sarcomere length was reduced to approximately 1.7

109 relengthen until they reached their original slack sarcomere length.

110 In slack sarcomeres (approximately 2.0 micron) the tandem I

111 When slack sarcomeres of bovine atrium were stretched, the PE

112 In conclusion, Slack selectively controls the sensory input in neuropat

113 iors were also exaggerated after ablation of Slack selectively in sensory neurons.

114 The Slack (sequence like a calcium-activated K channel) and

115 hat recognizes all amino-termini isoforms of Slack, Slack immunoreactivity is present at locations th

116 As has also been shown for Slack, Slick is expressed in the olfactory bulb, red nuc

117 The Slack/Slo channels have intermediate conductances of abo

118 Slick (Slo2.1) and Slack (Slo2.2) are two novel members of the mammalian Sl

119 Slack (Slo2.2) is a sodium-activated potassium channel t

120 potassium channels Slick (Slo2.1, KCNT2) and Slack (Slo2.2, KCNT1) are high-conductance potassium cha

121 previously shown the abundant expression of Slack sodium-activated potassium (K(Na)) channels in noc

122 und that FMRP binds to the C terminus of the Slack sodium-activated potassium channel to activate the

123 Furthermore, we found that knocking down the Slack subunit by RNA interference causes a loss of firin

124 We have now found that Slick and Slack subunits coassemble to form heteromeric channels t

125 Although it is not yet known if Slick and Slack subunits heteromultimerize, the existence of two g

126 Slack test measurements at 15 degrees C yielded unloaded

127 itional experiments showed that the slope of slack test plots produced by systematically increasing t

128 V(o) was measured with the slack-test method.

129 mically skinned fibres was determined by the slack-test method.

130 n the presence of 5 mM added MgADP, biphasic slack-test plots were apparent even during maximal Ca2+

131 in the presence of added phosphate, biphasic slack-test plots were no longer apparent.

132 Slack-test recordings of single, skinned human masseter

133 ded shortening velocity as determined by the slack-test technique.

134 he rate of force redevelopment following (1) slack tests in which force recovery followed a period of

135 n (EFS)-induced force, (iii) pCa-force, (iv) slack-tests and (v) passive length-tension curves.

136 dues with a high level of disorder providing slack that allows the dramatic shift, and the two confor

137 ave isolated a potassium channel gene called Slack that is abundantly expressed in the nervous system

138 a) is encoded by the rSlo2 gene (also called Slack), the mammalian ortholog of slo-2 in C. elegans.

139 associated with risk of fracture, including slack/tortuosity measures, pulse generator and superior

140 Maximal diastolic width of the slack, unloaded anterior leaflet was significantly great

141 bath solution, or by knocking down levels of Slack using siRNA.

142 As for Slack, we find that Slick is widely distributed in the b

143 e to at least five different transcripts for Slack, which produce Slack channels that differ in their