ライフサイエンスコーパス: slime

1 move within an encasement of polysaccharide 'slime'.

2 ce lithoautotrophic microbial ecosystems, or SLiMEs).

3 gella, longer cell length, and encasement of slime.

4 bly accompanied by a continuous secretion of slime.

5 ents are caused directly by the secretion of slime.

6 and physiology of the cells that produce the slime.

7 h predators by producing liters of defensive slime.

8 IV pili or by pushing with the secretion of slime.

9 eat unit polysaccharide that constitutes the slime.

10 the overall ecological trophic structure of SLiMEs.

11 The model assumes that the hydration of slime, a cationic polyelectrolyte, is the force-generati

12 We review biomechanical aspects of the slime, along with recent efforts to produce biomimetic s

13 f Myxococcus xanthus: (i) polar secretion of slime and (ii) an unknown motor that uses cell surface a

14 re modification) secreted copious amounts of slime and showed a precocious swarming phenotype.

15 lular DNA (exDNA) is a component of root cap slime and that exDNA degradation during inoculation by a

16 Leptospirillum ferrooxidans is abundant in slimes and as a planktonic organism in environments with

17 inant prokaryote in the environment studied (slimes and sediments) and constituted up to 85% of the m

18 thomonadins and extracellular polysaccharide slime, and a pigB-encoding plasmid restored both traits

19 e comet core is held together by a matrix of slime; and (4) the comets etch trails in the agar as the

20 The attractive elements of prey slime are small, water-soluble compounds detected by spe

21 t SAL inhibited production of teichoic acid, slime-associated proteins, and type 1 antigen by as much

22 the results revealed that in this bacterium, slime associates preferentially with the outermost compo

23 fornia, T. ferrooxidans occurs in peripheral slime-based communities (at pH over 1.3 and temperature

24 t important one with regard to searching for SLiMEs both on and off our planet.

25 sider the biofilm matrix not as an undefined slime, but as an assembly of polymers with a defined com

26 lity may be associated with the extrusion of slime, but evidence has been lacking, and how force migh

27 Bacterial capsule and slime can be inhibited by bismuth compounds, especially

28 A filament of slime can be seen attached to the end of a cell, but it

29 appears to involve a mucilaginous matrix or "slime" composed of proteins, polysaccharides, and detach

30 d when no cell death occurs yielded root cap slime containing (32)P-labeled exDNA.

31 luorescent-staining experiments, we observed slime deposition by gliding Myxococcus xanthus cells at

32 ing diatoms and apicomplexa, suggesting that slime deposition is a general means for gliding organism

33 s tend to follow trails laid by other cells, slime-driven OM material exchange may be an important st

34 ation-driven swelling of the polyelectrolyte slime ejected from these nozzles as the force production

35 were discovered in cyanobacteria from which slime emanated at the same rate at which the bacteria mo

36 All these mutant cells had filaments of slime emerging from both ends, indicating that bipolar s

37 This strongly implicates slime extrusion as a propulsion mechanism for gliding.

38 bservations of slime trails demonstrate that slime extrusion from such nozzles can account for most o

39 al hormogonium has 10-100 thousand 9-nm-wide slime extrusion nozzles.

40 his force is comparable to that predicted by slime extrusion, and the bending modulus is 30-fold smal

41 Slime exudate is composed mainly of secretory products f

42 sites of slime secretion, that the secreted slime fibrils are elongated at about the same rate as th

43 ure that squirts a polysaccharide-containing slime from the pole of the cell (5).

44 sion, that the LPS core could play a role in slime generation, and that multiple two-component system

45 The slime is produced when slime gland exudate is released into the predator's mout

46 composition of the slime, morphology of the slime gland, and physiology of the cells that produce th

47 (10 muM) of the metals zinc and nickel, but slime had no effect on organic nutrient (the amino acid

48 y be driven by the secretion and swelling of slime; however, experiments to confirm or refute this mo

49 Pond slime is a problem in garden pools, algal blooms can pro

50 us to consider a model in which the external slime is itself both the signal and the milieu for swarm

51 The slime is produced when slime gland exudate is released i

52 lectron microscopical observations show that slime is secreted in ribbons from the ends of cells.

53 The rapid squirt of a proteinaceous slime jet endows velvet worms (Onychophora) with a uniqu

54 in the retention of these components in the slime layer prior to assembly into a biofilm.

55 polysaccharides that coat the organisms in a slime layer.

56 g body of evidence supports the existence of SLiME-like communities: if they exist, the implications

57 re thin layers of bacteria embedded within a slime matrix that live on surfaces.

58 gs, and end with a discussion of how hagfish slime may have evolved.

59 are different from the waves observed during slime mold aggregation that depend on diffusible morphog

60 ns are also present in zebrafish, nematodes, slime mold and plants.

61 ad are closely related to pks genes from the slime mold Dictyostelium and eubacteria.

62 consistent with the behavior of the cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discodeum, which switches from

63 cular system, the slug stage of the cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum (Dd).

64 the rep B and rep D genes from the cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum .

65 The cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum has long been recogn

66 The cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum is a widely used mod

67 The cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum is an attractive sys

68 In the development of the cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum there is a stage in

69 Our findings identified the slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum's CISD proteins as t

70 sely related to the annexin homologue of the slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum, suggesting a phylog

71 he multicellular development of the cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum.

72 ified in a eukaryotic microbe (protist), the slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum.

73 tical for proper development in the cellular slime mold Dictyostelium.

74 tion relationships of dynein in the cellular slime mold Dictyostelium.

75 s in this region to nematode talin, cellular slime mold filopodin, and an Sla2 homolog from nematode.

76 We show that the brainless slime mold Physarum polycephalum constructs a form of sp

77 The slime mold Physarum polycephalum grows as a random netwo

78 endonuclease, a homing endonuclease from the slime mold Physarum polycephalum, is a small enzyme (2 x

79 ase, an intron-encoded endonuclease from the slime mold Physarum polycephalum, is a small enzyme (2 x

80 Nuclei in G2 phase of the slime mold Physarum polycephalum, when transplanted, by

81 apply the method to the mitochondrion of the slime mold Physarum polycephalum.

82 is encoded by a group I intron found in the slime mold Physarum polycephalum.

83 In the cellular slime mold Polysphondylium spherical masses of cells are

84 ansition from one symmetry to another in the slime mold Polysphondylium, we developed a genetic scree

85 ns include the metazoan talins, the cellular slime mold talin homologues TalA and TalB, fungal Sla2p,

86 Dictyostelium discoideum, a social slime mold that forms fruiting bodies with spores, depen

87 periments confirm peristalsis is used by the slime mold to drive internal cytoplasmic flows.

88 mplest phospholipids, is found in cells from slime mold to humans and has a largely unknown function.

89 ity commonly used in robotics--requiring the slime mold to reach a chemoattractive goal behind a U-sh

90 This mechanism allows the slime mold to solve the U-shaped trap problem--a classic

91 dentified in organisms ranging from cellular slime mold to vertebrates, including plants, fungi, nema

92 equency concentric pacemaker activity by the slime mold's scroll-wave tip.

93 ority of eukaryotes (fungi, plants, animals, slime mold, and euglena) synthesize Asn-linked glycans (

94 The cellular slime mold, Dictyostelium discoideum is a non-metazoan o

95 Because the cellular slime mold, Dictyostelium discoideum, is a genetically t

96 tantly related nematode species and from the slime mold, Dictyostelium discoideum.

97 New evidence from a primitive slime mold, however, suggests that alpha- and beta-caten

98 Dictyostelium discoideum, a social slime mold, is one of a few eukaryotes known to possess

99 in D. discoideum with 5'-editing in another slime mold, Polysphondylium pallidum, suggests organism-

100 Dictyostelium discoideum, the social slime mold, possesses a PPK activity (DdPPK1) with seque

101 In yeast and slime mold, some retrotransposons are associated with tR

102 In particular, the slime-mold Dictyostelium, the protozoan Trichomonas vagi

103 on of sugar beet plants by the endoparasitic slime-mold vector Polymyxa betae.

104 udding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), two slime molds (Dictyostelium discoideum and Physarum polyc

105 , trypanosomes, Giardia, ciliates, alga, and slime molds [3-8].

106 lants, chlorophyte green algae, demosponges, slime molds and brown algae.

107 orly understood feature of organisms such as slime molds and fungi.

108 gesting a phylogenetic link between cellular slime molds and true fungi.

109 xin sequences present in animals, fungi, and slime molds began prior to the divergence of these taxa.

110 Plasmodial slime molds grow as networks and use flexible, undiffere

111 Cellular slime molds of the genus Polysphondylium periodically re

112 We suggest that in all cellular slime molds the existence of loners could resolve the ap

113 arily conserved in eukaryotic organisms from slime molds to humans, JAK-STAT signaling appears to be

114 e found in a wide variety of organisms, from slime molds to humans.

115 hting immune cells in organisms ranging from slime molds to mammals.

116 mans was shown to interact with macrophages, slime molds, and amoebae in a similar manner, suggesting

117 matid and apicomplexan parasites, algae, and slime molds, and have also been found in the bacterium A

118 und in eukaryotic organisms including fungi, slime molds, and plants.

119 ental responses in bacteria, Archaea, fungi, slime molds, and plants.

120 bees, multiple queen-founding ants, cellular slime molds, and social bacteria).

121 ribed also in non-metazoan organisms such as slime molds, fungi and plants.

122 Cellular slime molds, including the well-studied Dictyostelium di

123 matid and apicomplexan parasites, algae, and slime molds.

124 ous media or plasmodial shuttle streaming in slime molds.

125 aryotes including animals, plants, fungi and slime molds.

126 present in orthologs of animals or cellular slime molds.

127 w what is known about the composition of the slime, morphology of the slime gland, and physiology of

128 ave shown that the foraging behaviour of the slime mould can be applied in archaeological research to

129 Slime mould can therefore not be considered as a thermis

130 o discover physical means of programming the slime mould computers we explore conductivity of the pro

131 substrate: transport routes imitated by the slime mould did not reflect patterns of elevations.

132 urations of attractants and behaviour of the slime mould is tuned by a range of repellents, the organ

133 hematical model of the foraging behaviour of slime mould P. polycephalum to solve the network design

134 Slime mould Physarum polycephalum is a single cell visib

135 box homing endonuclease was I-PpoI from the slime mould Physarum polycephalum.

136 Let the slime mould span two electrodes with a single protoplasm

137 l configuration of sources of nutrients, the slime mould spans the sources with networks of its proto

138 To demonstrate this we encourage the slime mould to span a grid of electrodes and apply AC st

139 bio-chemical oscillators responsible for the slime mould's distributed sensing, concurrent informatio

140 man-made highways, networks developed by the slime mould, and a cellular automata model inspired by s

141 ays, railways) and natural networks (leaves, slime mould, insect wings) and show that there are funda

142 d, and a cellular automata model inspired by slime mould, we demonstrate the flexibility and efficien

143 The flow is imitated by the model of the slime mould.

144 a plasmodial, vegetative stage of acellular slime mould.

145 le, we construct a mathematical model of the slime nozzle to see if it can generate a force sufficien

146 The defensive slime of hagfishes contains thousands of intermediate fi

147 Myxococcus leaves a trail of slime on agar as it moves.

148 Slime on the epidermal surface was shown to significantl

149 ts, also produced by gene knockout, secreted slime only from one pole, but they swarmed at a lower ra

150 wly away from the parent colony by extruding slime out of nozzles.

151 ack MpRSL1 function do not develop rhizoids, slime papillae, mucilage papillae, or gemmae.

152 PP1 was immunolocalized in slime plugs and P-protein bodies in sieve elements of th

153 n which cells attach to surfaces and secrete slime (polymeric substances), are central to microbial l

154 water supply treatment as a disinfectant and slime preventive and has an advantage over chlorine in t

155 To test whether the slime propulsion hypothesis is physically reasonable, we

156 ve multiprotein complex, including the fibro-slime protein previously found to be important in bindin

157 The external slime provides the milieu for motility and likely harbor

158 iated proteins creates pressure waves in the slime, pushing cells forward.

159 uce the mucous and fibrous components of the slime, respectively.

160 ate in a manner that mimics the formation of slime-secreting epidermal and peripheral root-cap cells.

161 propel the gliding of its rod-shaped cells: slime-secreting jets at the rear and retractile pili at

162 to turn, which is facilitated by the push of slime secretion at the rear of each cell and by the flex

163 Our results strongly suggest that slime secretion is not only a prerequisite for this pecu

164 Evidence is presented that slime secretion is vital for cell survival and that the

165 We next used Wet-SEEC to image slime secretion, a poorly defined property of many proka

166 cluding chaperone-feeding machines, jets for slime secretion, and type IV pili.

167 t the pore complexes are the actual sites of slime secretion, that the secreted slime fibrils are elo

168 pe IV pili at their leading pole and pushing slime secretory nozzles at their lagging pole.

169 ynthesize an extracellular matrix called the slime sheath.

170 mately 0.5 and approximately 40 degrees C in slime streamers and attached to pyrite surfaces at a sul

171 These extracellular slime substances could also have cytoprotective properti

172 We postulate that extracellular slime substances produced by bacteria that are buried in

173 We demonstrate that SLiMEs support taxonomically and metabolically diverse m

174 ng with recent efforts to produce biomimetic slime thread analogs, and end with a discussion of how h

175 cond, gliding is powered by the extrusion of slime through pores surrounding each cell septum.

176 ition of nitric oxide synthase also disrupts slime trail following, suggesting a role for nitric oxid

177 ole for nitric oxide in neural processing of slime trail stimuli.

178 amine-containing polysaccharides on cell and slime-trail surfaces may trigger pilus retraction, resul

179 These experiments demonstrate that slime-trail tracking in Euglandina is a robust, easily m

180 that mechanical cell alignment combined with slime-trail-following is sufficient to explain the disti

181 ilus retraction, resulting in S-motility and slime-trailing behaviors.

182 Our calculations and our observations of slime trails demonstrate that slime extrusion from such

183 rge amounts of OM materials were released in slime trails deposited by gliding cells.

184 Euglandina follow slime trails more than 80% of the time, following trails

185 erved ability of cells to deposit and follow slime trails, we show that effective trail-following lea

186 nd snail, tracks prey and mates by following slime trails.

187 rface lithoautotrophic microbial ecosystems (SLiMEs) under oligotrophic conditions are typically supp

188 obacteria depends on the steady secretion of slime using specific pores, as well as the interaction o

189 higher metal exposure concentration (1 mM), slime was no longer protective, indicating saturation of

190 fic pores, as well as the interaction of the slime with the filament surface and the underlying subst