ライフサイエンスコーパス: small GTPase

1 ncluding VAV3, a known activator of the RAC1 small GTPase.

2 otein (GAP) for ARL3 (Arf-like protein 3), a small GTPase.

3 regulatory principles and functions of this small GTPase.

4 of Rab7, a late endosome/lysosome-associated small GTPase.

5 icantly increased the activation of the RhoA small GTPase.

6 the expression of 131 genes including Ral, a small GTPase.

7 actile ring that is controlled by Rho-family small GTPases.

8 binds to SmgGDS in a manner similar to other small GTPases.

9 Rem2 is a member of the RGK subfamily of RAS small GTPases.

10 ytoskeleton via a differential activation of small GTPases.

11 M-Ras are members of the Ras superfamily of small GTPases.

12 ssential roles in regulating the activity of small GTPases.

13 cludes many signaling proteins, such as most small GTPases.

14 mics of actin filaments and the stability of small GTPases.

15 ctin, activity of focal adhesion kinase, and small GTPases.

16 Golgi and that this process is regulated by small GTPases.

17 merization, and interactions with a suite of small GTPases.

18 and enters the cytosol where it glucosylates small GTPases.

19 ly of proteins involved in the activation of small GTPases.

20 identifying lead inhibitors for a variety of small GTPase-activating GEF reactions.

21 er, the signaling events linking JAKs to rho small GTPase activation by chemokines is still incomplet

22 e in cell-cell adhesion and/or Rho family of small GTPase activation can cause a group of cells to br

23 eptors that exchange GDP for GTP, similar to small GTPase activation mechanisms.

24 tion significantly reduces HSC migration and small GTPase activation, and induces apoptotic signaling

25 LF2 manipulation, permeability measurements, small GTPase activity, luciferase assays, chromatin immu

26 The ADP-ribosylation factor-like 4C (Arl4C) small GTPase acts as a molecular switch to regulate morp

27 y/sorting endosomes back to the surface in a small GTPase ADP ribosylation factor-6 (Arf6)-dependent

28 ing revealed a specific interaction with the small GTPase ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF5) in its activ

29 ut not LC3b specifically associated with the small GTPase ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (Arf1) to mediate

30 show that NMDARs control the activity of the small GTPase ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (Arf6) by consecu

31 Pharmacologic or genetic blockade of the small GTPase ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (arf6) that regul

32 s article, we report the crucial role of the small GTPase ADP-ribosylation factor-like 8b (Arl8b) in

33 The small GTPase, ADP-ribosylation factor-like 3 (ARL3), has

34 directional synaptic expression of the Rap1b small GTPase and an associated local synaptic protein tr

35 syndecan endosomal budding, upstream of ARF6 small GTPase and its effector phospholipase D2, directly

36 udies indicate that SmgGDS binds cytoplasmic small GTPases and promotes their trafficking to the plas

37 Their tight regulation by small GTPases and protein phosphorylation make interroga

38 present the largest subfamily of Ras-related small GTPases and regulate membrane trafficking.

39 ontrolled by effector molecules that include small GTPases and their interacting proteins.

40 Lipidated small GTPases and their regulators need to bind to membr

41 tal signaling networks, and a broad range of small GTPases and their regulators.

42 eta and the membrane localization of several small GTPases and this was potentiated by zoledronic aci

43 kinases, which act as effectors for several small GTPases, and has been specifically identified to f

44 n of RhoGEF2, an activator of the Rho family small GTPases, and JAK/STAT is activated ectopically in

45 plex required for transport (ESCRT) [10-12], small GTPases, and ubiquitinated proteins.

46 RAS and Rho small GTPases are key molecular switches that control ce

47 lution nanoscopy, we explore the role of the small GTPase ARF1 in mediating transport steps at the Go

48 of a COPI coated vesicle is initiated by the small GTPase Arf1 that recruits the coatomer complex to

49 zed exocytosis, we provide evidence that the small GTPase ARF4 is required for Presenilin basal body

50 Here we show that the small GTPase ARF6 acts as a proximal node of oncogenic G

51 how that this signaling cascade includes the small GTPase Arf6 and S6 kinase (S6k).

52 in recycling between both sites requires the small GTPase Arf6 but neither caveolin1 (Cav1) nor Cavin

53 y, we showed that the ubiquitously expressed small GTPase Arf6 is required for normal ethanol-induced

54 stream of the insulin receptor (InR) and the small GTPase Arf6, is a key mediator of ethanol-induced

55 Interestingly, a known ACAP2 target, the small GTPase Arf6, supported histamine-evoked WPB exocyt

56 rt that EspG interacts specifically with the small GTPases ARF6 and Rab35 during infection.

57 C9ORF72 modulates the activity of the small GTPases Arf6 and Rac1, resulting in enhanced activ

58 The conserved ARF-like small GTPase ARL-8 is localized to SVPs and directly act

59 at the trans-Golgi and was regulated by the small GTPases Arl1 and Arl8, suggesting a role in trans-

60 tissues and showed that it tightly binds the small GTPase ARL2 but appears to be inactive.

61 d Kif17 as novel interaction partners of the small GTPase Arl3 and its regulatory GTPase activating p

62 e lysosome dispersal through coupling to the small GTPase Arl8 and the kinesins KIF1B and KIF5B.

63 membrane, where it functions to recruit the small GTPase Arl8.

64 Ciliopathy small GTPase ARLs are proposed as prominent ciliary swit

65 of L. pneumophila ubiquitinate multiple Rab small GTPases associated with the endoplasmic reticulum.

66 DiRas1 acts similarly to a dominant-negative small GTPase, binding to SmgGDS and inhibiting SmgGDS bi

67 More than 350 mutations on small GTPase BRaf are associated with various tumors, an

68 ine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for ARF small GTPases, causes a robust migration response.

69 ucer of Cdc42 dependent actin assembly), the small GTPase CDC-42 (Cell division control protein 42),

70 ents demonstrated that protein kinase C, the small GTPase Cdc42 and palladin were necessary for the e

71 The Rho family small GTPase Cdc42 has been implicated in a wide range o

72 The small GTPase Cdc42 is a key regulator of polarity, but l

73 Finally, we show that the small GTPase CDC42 is regulated by KLF4 in a WNT5A depen

74 e show that inhibiting the expression of the small GTPase Cdc42 or preventing its activation with a d

75 Moreover, the small GTPase CDC42 regulates bidirectional Golgi transpo

76 elopmental stages and its activation engages small GTPase Cdc42 to promote neuronal growth, dendritic

77 The ability of the small GTPase Cdc42 to regulate diverse cellular processe

78 -immunoprecipitates and colocalizes with the small GTPase Cdc42, and Rab14 knockdown results in incre

79 YAP positively regulated the activity of the small GTPase CDC42, deletion of which caused severe defe

80 etwork and one of its master regulators, the small GTPase Cdc42, during Junin virus (JUNV) entry, we

81 ins required for ciliogenesis, including the small GTPases Cdc42 and Arl13b and the exocyst complex c

82 Here, we show that the small GTPases Cdc42 and RhoA act as a regulatory circuit

83 n of a signalling complex that activates the small GTPase, cdc42, and the actin polymerization cataly

84 yeast cell polarization localization of the small GTPase, cell division control protein 42 homologue

85 coded by several paralog families, including small GTPases, coiled-bundle proteins, and proteins with

86 The Ras family of small GTPases constitutes a central node in the transmis

87 ated in human cancers, rendering the encoded small GTPase constitutively active and oncogenic.

88 Rab small GTPases control membrane trafficking through effec

89 t-triggered activation of RhoA and CDC42 Rho small GTPases (controlling integrin activation and chemo

90 nine-nucleotide exchange factor for Rho-like small GTPases critical to maintain excitatory synapse, i

91 racts with ADP ribosylation factor (ARF)6, a small GTPase crucial for membrane trafficking.

92 ion of ZEB1-associated genes involved in the small GTPase-dependent actin polymerization pathway.

93 The small GTPase DiRas1 has tumor-suppressive activities, un

94 , it is important to know which specific GEF-small GTPase dyad functions in a given cellular process.

95 on factor-like GTPase 13B (Arl13b) encodes a small GTPase essential for cilia biogenesis in multiple

96 plexes that regulate the activity of RagB, a small GTPase essential for mTORC1 activation.

97 Members of the ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) small GTPase family regulate membrane trafficking and cy

98 Rab1 is the founding member of the Rab small GTPase family, which is known to mediate dynamic m

99 rs of the Rho-like GTPases from Plants (ROP) small GTPase family.

100 nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) of the Rac small GTPase, for its potential involvement in PF.

101 Ras, a small GTPase found primarily on the inner leaflet of the

102 Ras-like small GTPases function as molecular switches and regulat

103 Here, we discover a novel small GTPase functional module, which contains ARL-3, AR

104 The Rab family of small GTPases functions in multiple aspects of cellular

105 Here we report somatic mutations in the small GTPase gene RIT1 in approximately 2% of lung adeno

106 The small GTPase Gtr1, a component of the TORC1-activating E

107 s other amino acids, activates TORC1 via the small GTPases Gtr1 and Gtr2, orthologs of the mammalian

108 nd amino acid signals activate TORC1 via the small GTPases, Gtr1/2.

109 a trigger of downstream signaling to engage small GTPase (guanosine triphosphatase) activation and A

110 The Rho family of small GTPases has been shown to be required in endotheli

111 Surprisingly, the small GTPase IFT27, a member of the IFT-B complex, turns

112 ARF6 (ADP-ribosylation factor 6) is a small GTPase implicated in exocytosis, but its downstrea

113 Here we identify Rab7A, a small GTPase important for endocytic trafficking, as a n

114 The data reveal an unexpected role for this small GTPase in reducing the size of the readily releasa

115 Ras1 is a small GTPase in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisi

116 ggesting that C9ORF72 acts as a modulator of small GTPases in a pathway that regulates axonal actin d

117 ulates targeted exocytosis as an effector of small GTPases in polarized cell growth.

118 At the molecular level, small GTPases in signaling pathways can regulate active

119 C42 activators, confirming a role of the two small GTPases in the pathogenesis.

120 Thus, the Rab family of small GTPases includes critical host factors assisting V

121 mgGDS and inhibiting SmgGDS binding to other small GTPases, including K-Ras4B, RhoA, and Rap1A.

122 e how phosphorylation in the PBR of multiple small GTPases, including K-Ras4B, RhoA, Rap1A, and Rap1B

123 ajor class of proteins that are affected are small GTPases, including Rac1 and RhoA.

124 virions, eHEV entry requires Rab5 and Rab7, small GTPases involved in endosomal trafficking, and blo

125 NOS1AP/nNOS interaction regulates small GTPases, iron transport, p38MAPK-linked excitotoxi

126 Activation of these small GTPases is catalyzed by a special class of enzymes

127 numerous GEFs and also a host of Ras family small GTPases, it is important to know which specific GE

128 Does small GTPase K-Ras4A have a single state or two states,

129 ADP ribosylation factor 6 (Arf6) is a small GTPase known to participate in constitutive traffi

130 )K) by promoting the interaction between the small GTPase Kras and the PI(3)K catalytic subunit p110d

131 Mutations that activate the small GTPase KRAS are found in 20% to 30% of NSCLCs.

132 The small GTPase KRAS is frequently mutated in human cancer

133 Ras family small GTPases localize at the plasma membrane, where the

134 monstrate that mHtt associates with Rab3a, a small GTPase localized on membranes of dense-core vesicl

135 le information on the new functional role of small GTPase, NOG1, in guard cell signaling and early pl

136 Here we report the newly identified small GTPase, Nucleolar GTP-binding protein 1 (NOG1), fu

137 putative GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for small GTPases of the Rab family and has been shown to co

138 Small GTPases of the Rab family not only regulate target

139 activating protein that negatively regulates small GTPases of the Ras family.

140 The small GTPases of the Rho family (RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42)

141 lymphoid system, Rac 1 and in general other small GTPases of the Rho family participate in the signa

142 n guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPases of the Rho family, preferentially Rac 1, m

143 Small GTPases of the ROP/RAC family act as negative regu

144 Emc10 signaled through small GTPases, p21-activated kinase, and the p38 mitogen

145 The demonstration that a small GTPase participates in the regulation of the CPC r

146 ting protein (MgcRacGAP), a component of the small GTPase pathway essential for CENP-A maintenance.

147 Small GTPases play a critical role in membrane traffic.

148 RhoA of the Rho family small GTPases plays an important role in actin cytoskele

149 The small GTPase protein RAC1 participates in innate immunit

150 The small GTPase protein Sar1 is known to be involved in bot

151 otide exchange factor that activates RHOA, a small GTPase protein that is a key component of tight ju

152 TSC complex and interaction with its target small GTPase protein, Rheb.

153 ed by an active rat sarcoma (Ras), which are small GTPase proteins.

154 In contrast, the signaling of the small GTPase R-Ras inhibits excessive angiogenic growth

155 The small GTPase Rab11 and its effectors control trafficking

156 o associate with decreased expression of the small GTPase Rab11 and the Rab7 effector RILP.

157 tures of PI4Kbeta (PI4KIIIbeta) bound to the small GTPase Rab11a without and with the Rab11 effector

158 ions disrupt the binding of rhodopsin to the small GTPase rab11a.

159 ic ablation of a recycling endosome resident small GTPase, Rab11a, a gene adjacent to a Crohn's disea

160 Golgi carrier formation PI4KB and AP-1A, the small GTPase Rab11B, the surface tyrosine phosphatase re

161 unoprecipitation show that the TGN/endosomal small GTPase Rab14 and PKCiota interact directly.

162 onal culture of MDCK cells, we find that the small GTPase Rab14 is required for apical membrane speci

163 (homotypic fusion and protein sorting); the small GTPases Rab2, Rab7, and its effector, PLEKHM1; and

164 Here we show that another small GTPase, Rab2, is also required for autophagosome a

165 specific oncogenic phenotypes.The Ras-family small GTPase RAB25 can exert both pro- and anti-oncogeni

166 cent evidence has established a role for the small GTPase RAB25, as well as related effector proteins

167 ll as E-cadherin, claudin 4 (Cldn4), and the small GTPase Rab25.

168 le inhibitors of the interaction between the small GTPase Rab27a and its effector JFC1, two central r

169 pigment cell-specific factors, including the small GTPase, Rab32/38 and demonstrated its requirement

170 egradative pathway are the activation of the small GTPase Rab35 and the subsequent recruitment of the

171 guanine nucleotide exchange factors) for the small GTPase Rab35.

172 Here, we investigated whether the small GTPases Rab4 and Rab5 involved in short-loop recyc

173 endocytic vesicles notably regulated by the small GTPase Rab5 and its effectors.

174 activates its own downstream effectors, the small GTPase RAB5 and the tyrosine kinase Abelson tyrosi

175 tive morphometric analyses, we show that the small GTPase Rab5 controls the SG size and cargo composi

176 ADP-ribosylation of the small GTPase Rab5 has previously been shown to block flu

177 Small GTPase Rab5 is known to promote early endosomal fu

178 The small GTPase Rab5 promotes recruitment of the Ccz1-Mon1

179 Here we show that the small GTPase Rab5, a known regulator of endocytosis, is

180 nteractions with beta-arrestins (Arrbs), the small GTPase Rab5, importin-beta (Kpnb1), and transporti

181 o the Golgi apparatus and interacts with the small GTPase RAB6.

182 f COH1 with the Golgi complex depends on the small GTPase RAB6.

183 omplex that is recruited to endosomes by the small GTPase Rab7 and sorting nexin 3.

184 cellular LD catabolism while implicating the small GTPase Rab7 as a key regulatory component of this

185 revealed that NUMB and NUMBL interacted with small GTPase Rab7 to transition ERBB2 from early to late

186 inherent dependency of melanoma cells on the small GTPase RAB7, identified within a lysosomal gene cl

187 rmed membrane-like structures containing the small GTPase Rab8 in cultured cells.

188 The roles of protein kinase C and the small GTPase, Rab9, in alpha1B-AR vesicular traffic were

189 The small GTPase Rac is required for neutrophil recruitment

190 at specifically controls the activity of the small GTPase Rac, a key regulator of cell adhesion, prol

191 in remodeling and cell migration through the small GTPase Rac.

192 xchange factors to promote activation of the small GTPase Rac.

193 a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPases Rac and Cdc42 and has been shown to mediat

194 Signaling downstream of the small GTPase Rac1 also regulates FA and actin dynamics,

195 expression, leading to the activation of the small GTPase Rac1 and engendering the mesenchymal-mode m

196 a guanine nucleotide-exchange factor for the small GTPase Rac1 and is a critical regulator of dendrit

197 which leads to activation of the Rho family small GTPase Rac1 and Rac1-induced axonal regeneration.

198 is study, we found that mutant p53 activates small GTPase Rac1 as a critical mechanism for mutant p53

199 1 integrin-dependent local activation of the small GTPase RAC1 at the plasma membrane to control the

200 The small GTPase Rac1 has been implicated in the formation a

201 mus, and Dishevelled act in concert with the small GTPase Rac1 to activate the actin assembly functio

202 ed activation of the cytoskeleton-associated small GTPase Rac1 was independent of H2O2.

203 ion, as well as signaling via ERK1/2 and the small GTPase Rac1); however, CXCL14 bound to CXCR4 with

204 in polymerization by directly activating the small GTPase Rac1.

205 ctin cytoskeleton by local activation of the small GTPase Rac1.

206 tspots at paralogous residues of Ras-related small GTPases RAC1 and RRAS2.

207 ed that interfering with the function of the small GTPases Rac1 or RhoA, known to be regulated by PKG

208 uanine nucleotide exchange factor Lfc or the small GTPases RagA and Rab3D.

209 GEF activity, in vitro and in cells, for the small GTPase RalA.

210 The small GTPase Ran coordinates retrograde axonal transport

211 ntified as a protein that interacts with the small GTPase Ran involved in transport of macromolecules

212 We thus wondered whether the small GTPase Ran is a target for RanBP2-dependent sumoyl

213 and accompanied by reduced expression of the small GTPase Ran, which is a master regulator of nuclear

214 Here, we report the identification of the small GTPase Rap1 as a conserved binding partner of the

215 The small GTPase RAP1 is critical for platelet activation an

216 Membrane-anchored mammalian small GTPase Rap1 is known to bind talin-F0 domain but t

217 Two isoforms of the small GTPase Rap1, Rap1A and Rap1B, participate in cell

218 ase A (PKA) and inhibiting activation of the small GTPase Rap1.

219 ucleotide exchange factor that activates the small GTPase RAP1.

220 d CXCL1 through inhibiting activation of the small GTPase Rap1.

221 ut signaling to integrins is mediated by the small GTPase Rap1.

222 ated by cAMP promotes exchange of GTP in the small GTPase Rap1.

223 identify signaling molecules, including the small GTPases Rap1a and Rap1b, downstream of integrin re

224 The small GTPase Rap1b is generally viewed as a positive reg

225 Aberrant activation of the small GTPase Ras by oncogenic mutation or constitutively

226 ion has been linked to the activation of the small GTPase Ras homolog family member A (RhoA) by the G

227 The lipid-anchored small GTPase Ras is an important signaling node in mamma

228 ed Ras isoforms question the completeness of small GTPase Ras isoform statistics in different cancer

229 The activation of Raf kinases by the small GTPase Ras requires two major sets of phosphorylat

230 ut signaling to integrins is mediated by the small GTPase Ras-proximate-1 (Rap1).

231 KLF2 is a novel activator of small GTPase Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1

232 ion by elucidating a role for the ubiquitous small GTPase Ras-related protein in brain 5 (Rab5) in ne

233 8-oxoG base and consequent activation of the small GTPase RAS.

234 R-ketorolac is a selective inhibitor of the small GTPases Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1

235 TPase and the Ragulator complex and with the small GTPases Ras-related GTP-binding protein A (RagA) a

236 Rab family small GTPases regulate membrane trafficking by spatiotem

237 The Ras family small GTPases regulate multiple cellular processes, incl

238 Small GTPases regulate the establishment and maintenance

239 ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6) small GTPase regulates membrane trafficking and cytoskel

240 Gc reduced the activity of the pro-migratory small GTPase regulator Rac1.

241 It is not clear how protein prenylation of small GTPases relates to GTP hydrolysis activity and dow

242 iggered by intra-axonal synthesis of TC10, a small GTPase required for exocyst function.

243 mTORC1 is activated by the small GTPase RHEB (Ras homologue enriched in brain) and

244 an activator-inhibitor network, in which the small GTPase Rho amplifies its activity by recruiting it

245 p110alpha signaling through small GTPase Rho and actin cytoskeleton controls the rep

246 kinases, PANGLOSS2 (PAN2) and PAN1, and the small GTPase RHO GTPASE OF PLANTS (ROP) promote mother c

247 recurrent mutations of the gene encoding the small GTPase RhoA and suggest that RhoA activity may hav

248 dulates the activity and localization of the small GTPase RhoA at sites of cell-cell contact.

249 etic biology approach, here we show that the small GTPase RhoA mediates histamine-induced vascular le

250 (ROCK1 and ROCK2) function downstream of the small GTPase RhoA to drive actomyosin cytoskeletal remod

251 ontrol of the actin cytoskeleton through the small GTPase RhoA.

252 signaling, which is further modulated by the small GTPase RhoA.

253 ain slices, is mediated by activation of the small GTPase RhoA.

254 te focal adhesion assembly by activating the small GTPase RhoA.

255 d with the activation of the actin regulator small GTPase, RhoA.

256 n this study, we tested how mechanosensitive small GTPases, RhoA and Rac1, coordinate atrioventricula

257 g its ability to activate the antimetastatic small GTPase RhoB.

258 Here, we report that the small GTPase ROP2, if activated by the phytohormone auxi

259 While small GTPase ROPs are recognized as fundamental signalin

260 Current small GTPase sensors rely on specific effector domains t

261 involved in immune escape, extravasation and small GTPase signal transduction.

262 alian cell culture and reversible control of small GTPase signaling.

263 odulate the signaling between RABs and other small GTPases, some of which have a crucial role in the

264 like the oncogenic properties more common to small GTPases such as K-Ras and RhoA.

265 Small GTPases, such as Rab7 and Arl8b, recruit their dow

266 Cellular movement is controlled by small GTPases, such as RhoA.

267 identify a novel regulatory mechanism of the small GTPases TC21 and R-Ras that controls their oncogen

268 Arf-like protein 13b (ARL13b) is a small GTPase that functions as a guanosine nucleotide ex

269 Overexpression of GSP1, the small GTPase that powers karyopherin-mediated transport,

270 HRES-1/Rab4 is a small GTPase that regulates endocytic recycling.

271 Ras is a small GTPase that regulates numerous processes in the ce

272 on as a guanine exchange factor for Rab26, a small GTPase that specifically directs synaptic vesicles

273 ted in brain 7 (Rab7), an endosome-localized small GTPase that was upregulated in activated human and

274 Ras proteins are small GTPases that act as signal transducers between cel

275 H-Ras, K-Ras, and N-Ras are small GTPases that are important in the control of cell

276 ed by expressing DiRas1 or DiRas2, which are small GTPases that bind SmgGDS and act as tumor suppress

277 Rab11 and Rab25 are closely related small GTPases that bind to common effectors termed the R

278 RAB39B is a member of the RAB family of small GTPases that controls intracellular vesicular traf

279 The Rag family proteins are Ras-like small GTPases that have a critical role in amino-acid-st

280 ole in the post-translational prenylation of small GTPases that perform a plethora of cellular functi

281 K-Ras4B belongs to a family of small GTPases that regulates cell growth, differentiatio

282 In addition to the canonical small GTPases, the large GTPase dynamin has been implica

283 Signaling via Rho-family small GTPases, their upstream guanine nucleotide exchang

284 tion also led to mislocalization of Rab8a, a small GTPase thought to be essential for ciliary vesicle

285 LPA stimulates pathways regulated by small GTPases through binding to G-protein-coupled LPA r

286 ations, can reliably dissect the response of small GTPases to site-specific modifications.

287 o SmgGDS and inhibiting the binding of other small GTPases to SmgGDS.

288 actin cytoskeleton regulation by controlling small GTPase translation in neutrophils at wound sites.

289 GTP)-bound active form of the endosomal Rab5 small GTPase via direct interaction with the viral repli

290 e actin cytoskeleton through the activity of small GTPases was identified as a key mechanism in effac

291 letal regulation, and that expression of the small GTPases was markedly increased in miR-142(-/-) neu

292 R-Ras is a member of the Ras superfamily of small GTPases, which are regulators of various cellular

293 well studied proteins in the superfamily of small GTPases, which has representatives in a wide range

294 tion of several members of the Rab family of small GTPases, which regulate membrane trafficking.

295 mediated activation of downstream Ras family small GTPases, which ultimately lead to ERK, JNK, and p3

296 K-Ras4B is a membrane-bound small GTPase with a prominent role in cancer development

297 We demonstrate that ARL-3 is a unique small GTPase with unusual high intrinsic GDP release but

298 d identity) glucosyltransferases that target small GTPases within the host(3,4).

299 d identity) glucosyltransferases that target small GTPases within the host.

300 We also identify the small GTPase Ypt1 as a recruiter for Gea1 and Gea2.