ライフサイエンスコーパス: snRNA

1 snRNA quality control may also be relevant in spinal mus

2 NA (different subunits) and 5250 miRNA, 3747 snRNA, gene sequences from 9282 complete genome chromoso

3 n (snRNP), which contains, additionally, 7SK snRNA, methyl phosphate-capping enzyme (MePCE), and La-r

4 ID alone in cells dissociates HEXIM1 and 7SK snRNA from P-TEFb, but it is not sufficient to activate

5 CTIP2 inhibits large sets of P-TEFb- and 7SK snRNA-sensitive genes.

6 H4R3me(2(s)), which is directly read by 7SK snRNA, and decapping/demethylation of 7SK snRNA, ensurin

7 Depletion of 7SK snRNA or Larp7 disrupts LEC integrity, inhibits RNAPII r

8 SK snRNA, and decapping/demethylation of 7SK snRNA, ensuring the dismissal of the 7SK snRNA/HEXIM inh

9 n inactive P-TEFb complex containing the 7SK snRNA and HEXIM1.

10 The 7SK snRNA specifically associates with a fraction of RNAPII

11 y with HEXIM1 and, via the loop 2 of the 7SK snRNA, with P-TEFb.

12 7SK snRNA, ensuring the dismissal of the 7SK snRNA/HEXIM inhibitory complex.

13 In the latter, HEXIM1 binds to 7SK snRNA and recruits as well as inactivates P-TEFb in the

14 orylated HEXIM1 protein neither binds to 7SK snRNA nor inhibits P-TEFb.

15 We demonstrate that two abundant snRNAs, WsnRNA-46 and WsnRNA-49, are expressed in Wolbac

16 east, the U2 small nuclear ribonucleic acid (snRNA) component of the spliceosome is targeted for addi

17 riptional modification of U56 and U93 alters snRNA conformational dynamics by distinct mechanisms and

18 hat form a stable complex that recognizes an snRNA gene promoter element called the PSEA.

19 RNA species, including tRNA, rRNA, mRNA and snRNA.

20 oding RNAs such as tRNAs, snoRNAs, rRNAs and snRNAs preferentially produce small 5' and 3' end fragme

21 ence for small RNA genes (tRNAs, snoRNAs and snRNAs) suggesting a putative role for RNA in its recrui

22 a further requirement for a factor known as snRNA-activating protein complex (SNAPc).

23 RNAs), and alters the occupancy of Pol II at snRNA loci.

24 sites of most mRNA genes but are present at snRNA genes and the highly transcribed heat shock genes

25 In addition, DSP1 binds snRNA loci and interacts with Pol-II in a DNA/RNA-depend

26 least four additional proteins, to catalyze snRNA 3' end maturation in Arabidopsis.

27 tion of almost any integrator subunit causes snRNA misprocessing, very little is known about the role

28 Here, we identified and characterized snRNAs from the endosymbiotic bacteria, Wolbachia, which

29 We then compared snRNA-seq of myoblasts before and after differentiation.

30 actor complex to promote cleavage and couple snRNA 3'-end processing with termination.

31 Thus, coilin couples snRNA and snoRNA biogenesis, making CBs the cellular hub

32 o increases the levels of assembly-defective snRNAs and suppresses some splicing defects seen in SMN-

33 To determine how assembly-defective snRNAs are degraded, we first demonstrate that yeast U1

34 antling of the Prp3-binding site on U4/U6 di-snRNA but leaves the Prp31- and Snu13-binding sites on U

35 In solution, the U4/U6 di-snRNA forms a 3-helix junction with a planar Y-shaped st

36 The U4/U6 di-snRNA is conserved in eukaryotes and is part of the U4/U

37 sing factor 31 (Prp31), and Prp3 to U4/U6 di-snRNA leads to a stepwise decrease of Brr2-mediated U4/U

38 i-snRNAs and inhibits Brr2-mediated U4/U6 di-snRNA unwinding in vitro.

39 yses that Prp3 contains a bipartite U4/U6 di-snRNA-binding region comprising an expanded ferredoxin-l

40 can load onto an internal region of U4/U6 di-snRNA.

41 f a 92-nt 3-helix junction from the U4/U6 di-snRNA.

42 operatively with Snu13 and Prp31 on U4/U6 di-snRNAs and inhibits Brr2-mediated U4/U6 di-snRNA unwindi

43 strongly inhibited by mutations in U4/U6 di-snRNAs that diminish the ability of U6 snRNA to adopt an

44 ntial for the 3' end formation of Drosophila snRNA.

45 n of these interaction domains alone elicits snRNA misprocessing through a dominant-negative titratio

46 s ptRNA-subclasses that exist in eukaryotes: snRNA, snoRNA, RNase P, RNase MRP, Y RNA or telomerase R

47 It consists of five snRNAs and more than 200 proteins.

48 CESSING 1 (DSP1) is an essential protein for snRNA 3' end maturation in Arabidopsis.

49 integrator subunit 12 (IntS12) required for snRNA 3' end formation.

50 ric interaction is functionally required for snRNA 3' end formation.

51 be both necessary and nearly sufficient for snRNA biogenesis in cells depleted of endogenous IntS12

52 de evidence for the production of functional snRNAs by Wolbachia that play roles in cross-kingdom com

53 metal cofactors of the spliceosome alter how snRNAs respond to these modifications.

54 ction as transcription terminators for human snRNA genes with little, if any, role in snRNA 3'-end pr

55 1 and U2 genes as models, we show that human snRNA genes are more similar to mRNA genes than yeast sn

56 Thus, human snRNA genes may use chromatin structure as an additional

57 Production of snR-DPGs required the Pol II snRNA promoter (PIIsnR), and CPL4RNAi plants showed incr

58 s a previously unknown function of CPSF73 in snRNA maturation.

59 , reflecting a strong and specific defect in snRNA 3'-end formation.

60 Here, we show that DEFECTIVE in snRNA PROCESSING 1 (DSP1) is an essential protein for sn

61 of Ser7 to alanine cause similar defects in snRNA gene expression.

62 r7, which is a hallmark of RNAPII engaged in snRNA synthesis.

63 nteraction is crucial for the role of INT in snRNA 3'-end processing.

64 chment for long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in snRNA-seq.

65 man snRNA genes with little, if any, role in snRNA 3'-end processing.

66 A turnover at short transcription units like snRNA-, replication-dependent histone-, promoter upstrea

67 identified the presence of expressed U1-like snRNAs in multiple species, including humans.

68 monstrated that a new class of human U1-like snRNAs, the variant (v)U1 snRNAs (vU1s), also participat

69 Many snRNA and scRNA genes are related via their compact and

70 ified, and we assessed RNA binding to modern snRNA sequences.

71 we first demonstrate that yeast U1 Sm-mutant snRNAs are degraded either by Rrp6- or by Dcp2-dependent

72 pecific sn/snoRNA genes, and reduces nascent snRNA and snoRNA synthesis.

73 operate to protect and chaperone the nascent snRNA during its journey to the spliceosome.The mechanis

74 lyze the endonucleolytic cleavage of nascent snRNAs near their 3' ends.

75 s, indicating that coilin binding to nascent snRNAs is a site-specific CB nucleator.

76 for introns and various RNA classes (ncRNA, snRNA, snoRNA) and less variability after degradation.

77 single cells (scRNA-seq) and single nuclei (snRNA-seq) and found them comparable, with a distinct en

78 Robust detection of snRNA transcripts correlated with coilin ChIP-seq peaks

79 rocessing of snRNAs, increases the levels of snRNA primary transcripts (pre-snRNAs), and alters the o

80 se results identify a conserved mechanism of snRNA quality control, and also suggest a general paradi

81 that LEC functions in at least two phases of snRNA transcription: an initiation step requiring the IC

82 r a key factor involved in the processing of snRNA 3' ends.

83 upstream of the transcription start site of snRNA genes.

84 ecreases the occupancy of LEC at a subset of snRNA genes and results in a reduction in their transcri

85 ole in the recruitment of LEC to a subset of snRNA genes through direct interaction of EAF and the N-

86 ongation during transcription of a subset of snRNA genes.

87 a hypomorphic phenotype, as only a subset of snRNA transcripts are quantitatively altered in snapc4(s

88 d pre-rRNA and for processing the 3' tail of snRNA U4.

89 esults indicate that during transcription of snRNA genes, Ser7 phosphorylation facilitates recruitmen

90 The spliceosome, an assembly of snRNAs and proteins, catalyzes the removal of introns fr

91 erely reduced, can lead to reduced levels of snRNAs and splicing defects.

92 However, levels of snRNAs did not follow the expression of splicing protein

93 ding to snRNAs are known to reduce levels of snRNAs, suggesting an unknown quality control system for

94 The biogenesis of the majority of snRNAs involves 3' end endonucleolytic cleavage of the n

95 plex was sufficient for 3'-end maturation of snRNAs.

96 al defects, impairs the 3' end processing of snRNAs, increases the levels of snRNA primary transcript

97 pts correlated with coilin ChIP-seq peaks on snRNA genes, indicating that coilin binding to nascent s

98 t of the snRNP code to which Gemin5 binds on snRNAs.

99 ssembly factor for loading the Sm complex on snRNAs and, when severely reduced, can lead to reduced l

100 faithful delivery of seven Sm proteins onto snRNA and the formation of the common core of snRNPs.

101 utations did not affect pre-mRNA splicing or snRNA levels.

102 complex with the Sm site or m(7)G cap of pre-snRNA, which reveal that the WD40 domain of Gemin5 recog

103 vels of TOE1 accumulated 3'-end-extended pre-snRNAs, and the immunoisolated TOE1 complex was sufficie

104 nd sufficient for binding the Sm site of pre-snRNAs by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and mut

105 recognizes the Sm site and m(7)G cap of pre-snRNAs via two distinct binding sites by respective base

106 for the assembly of the ring complex on pre-snRNAs at the conserved Sm site [A(U)4-6G].

107 complex, is responsible for recognizing pre-snRNAs.

108 complex delivers pre-small nuclear RNAs (pre-snRNAs) to the heptameric Sm ring for the assembly of th

109 These pre-snRNAs contained 3' genome-encoded tails often followed

110 the levels of snRNA primary transcripts (pre-snRNAs), and alters the occupancy of Pol II at snRNA loc

111 5 in escorting the truncated forms of U1 pre-snRNAs for proper disposal.

112 ent CPSF73-I-containing complexes to process snRNAs and pre-mRNAs.

113 finger domain, is not required for reporter snRNA 3' end cleavage.

114 The small nuclear RNA (snRNA) activating protein complex (SNAPc) is essential f

115 e loci, which produce the small nuclear RNA (snRNA) component of the respective snRNP.

116 The small nuclear RNA (snRNA) components of the spliceosome undergo many confor

117 The small nuclear RNA (snRNA) genes have been widely used as a model system for

118 ption of Pol II-dependent small nuclear RNA (snRNA) genes.

119 ture of low-abundance U12 small nuclear RNA (snRNA) in Arabidopsis thaliana and provide in vivo evide

120 in complex that regulates small nuclear RNA (snRNA) transcription.

121 lytic cleavage of primary small nuclear RNA (snRNA) transcripts within the nucleus.

122 Mg(2+) site in the U2/U6 small nuclear RNA (snRNA) triplex, and the 5'-phosphate of the intron nucle

123 etween coilin and rRNA, U small nuclear RNA (snRNA), and human telomerase RNA, which is altered upon

124 3' end of spliceosomal U6 small nuclear RNA (snRNA), directly catalyzing terminal 2', 3' cyclic phosp

125 mal complex comprising U5 small nuclear RNA (snRNA), extensively base-paired U4/U6 snRNAs and more th

126 RNP), composed of the 7SK small nuclear RNA (snRNA), MePCE, and Larp7, regulates the mRNA elongation

127 stemloops in U1 and/or U2 small nuclear RNA (snRNA).

128 e for the U6 spliceosomal small nuclear RNA (snRNA).

129 atalytic metal site in U6 small nuclear RNA (snRNA).

130 on a functional U2 snRNP (small nuclear RNA [snRNA] plus associated proteins), as H2A.Z shows extensi

131 [MO] and an engineered U7 small nuclear RNA [snRNA]) to correct this splicing defect.

132 xpression of modified U1 small nuclear RNAs (snRNA) complementary to the splice donor sites strongly

133 ly downstream from viral small nuclear RNAs (snRNA).

134 In prokaryotes, small noncoding RNAs (snRNAs) of 50-500 nt are produced that are important in

135 tion of 3'-extensions of small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) and biogenesis of novel transcripts from protein

136 sembles from five U-rich small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) and over 200 proteins in a highly dynamic fashio

137 Uridine-rich small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) are the basal components of the spliceosome and

138 NAPII for transcription, small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) display a further requirement for a factor known

139 hat TOE1 associated with small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) incompletely processed spliceosomal.

140 ntified in the U4 and U6 small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) suggest U4/U6 stem I as a Brr2p substrate during

141 rsors to specific tRNAs, small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), and small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are all enri

142 usly proposed the use of small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), especially U7snRNA to shuttle the antisense seq

143 compartments enriched in small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs)-and promotes efficient spliceosomal snRNP assemb

144 sed of both proteins and small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs).

145 oteins plus U4/U6 and U5 small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs).

146 As such as small nuclear and nucleolar RNAs (snRNAs and snoRNAs).

147 whole-cell and single-nuclei RNA-sequencing (snRNA-seq) methods, here we show that snRNA-seq faithful

148 otein-coding genes downstream of the snRNAs (snRNA-downstream protein-coding genes [snR-DPGs]).

149 ranscription of RNAPII-specific spliceosomal snRNA and small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) genes.

150 In summary, snRNA-seq of activated neurons enables the examination o

151 Our study demonstrates that snRNA-seq provides reliable transcriptome quantification

152 Our results further indicate that snRNA-seq has unique advantage in capturing nucleus-enri

153 ncing (snRNA-seq) methods, here we show that snRNA-seq faithfully recapitulates transcriptional patte

154 udy identifies a complex responsible for the snRNA 3' end maturation in plants and uncovers a previou

155 We show here that Gemin5, the snRNA-binding protein of the SMN complex, binds directly

156 In the wild type, salt stress induced the snRNA-to-snR-DPG switch, which was associated with alter

157 plants showed increased read-through of the snRNA 3'-end processing signal, leading to continuation

158 tinuation of transcription downstream of the snRNA gene.

159 ell Integrator complex, which recognizes the snRNA 3' end processing signal (3' box), generates the 5

160 ive binding of all protein components to the snRNA duplex during di-snRNP assembly by electrophoretic

161 l for transcription of genes that encode the snRNAs.

162 from protein-coding genes downstream of the snRNAs (snRNA-downstream protein-coding genes [snR-DPGs]

163 y of self-splicing group II intron RNAs, the snRNAs were proposed to catalyse splicing.

164 ar splicing speckles and associates with the snRNAs that are involved in splice site recognition.

165 Surprisingly, in contrast to snRNA 3' end processing, HVS pre-miRNA 3' end processing

166 se of a neurodegenerative syndrome linked to snRNA maturation and uncover a key factor involved in th

167 Defects in Sm protein complex binding to snRNAs are known to reduce levels of snRNAs, suggesting

168 red for the expression of Pol II-transcribed snRNA genes.

169 plants, suggesting that the transcriptional snRNA-to-snR-DPG switch may be a ubiquitous mechanism to

170 erns similar to canonical ncRNAs (e.g. tRNA, snRNA, miRNA, etc) on approximately 70% of human long nc

171 nctional RNA molecules including rRNA, tRNA, snRNA and ribozymes.

172 endent on the dosage of mutant and wild-type snRNA genes.

173 ites and modest delays at some histone and U snRNA genes, suggesting that the torpedo mechanism is no

174 omplex, to processing bodies, thus forming U snRNA bodies (U bodies).

175 oilin interaction with specific regions of U snRNA gene loci.

176 , and Listeria interfere with spliceosomal U snRNA maturation in the cytosol.

177 to the decline in the cytosolic levels of U snRNAs and of the SMN complex proteins SMN and DDX20 tha

178 ial infection resulted in the rerouting of U snRNAs and their cytoplasmic escort, the survival motor

179 Mechanistically, targeting of U snRNAs to U bodies was regulated by translation initiati

180 than an overall reduction in Uridyl-rich (U)-snRNAs, may contribute to the specific neuromuscular dis

181 Although uridine-rich small nuclear RNAs (U-snRNAs) are essential for pre-mRNA splicing, little is k

182 Strikingly, we have been unable to find a U1 snRNA candidate or any predicted U1-associated proteins,

183 ila melanogaster SNAP190 interacts with a U1 snRNA gene proximal sequence element.

184 esigned several U1 snRNA vectors to adapt U1 snRNA binding sequences of the mutated DDC gene.

185 Therefore, mutation-adapted U1 snRNA gene therapy can be a promising method to treat ge

186 the potential for binding of hnRNP A1 and U1 snRNA and the effect of hnRNP L on splicing.

187 In addition, disruption of the Prp8 and U1 snRNA interaction reduces tri-snRNP level in the spliceo

188 e U1 snRNP core particle (Sm proteins and U1 snRNA), but not the mature U1 snRNP-specific proteins (U

189 contacts between the 5' splice site-bound U1 snRNA and neighboring exonic sequences that, in turn, in

190 ins to a lesser extent than the canonical U1 snRNA.

191 find that URB binds human and Drosophila U1 snRNA SLII and U2 snRNA SLIV with higher affinity than d

192 gether, these data suggest that the human U1 snRNA variants analyzed here are unable to efficiently b

193 s the 3' introns, compensatory changes in U1 snRNA rescue trans-splicing of TSA mutants, demonstratin

194 We describe novel mutations in U1 snRNA that bypass the essentiality of the DEAD-box prote

195 We found that only the modified U1 snRNA (IVS-AAA) that completely matched both the introni

196 omplex (CBC) to the 5' end of the nascent U1 snRNA, which ultimately influences the utilization of U1

197 e saw reciprocal changes in the levels of U1 snRNA and U1 snRNP proteins.

198 rpholino that base-pairs to the 5' end of U1 snRNA blocks splicing in the coupled system and complete

199 Expression of U1A in excess of U1 snRNA causes inhibition of SMN polyadenylation and decre

200 tion of U5, U6 snRNAs and accumulation of U1 snRNA in the B(act) complex.

201 duplex between pre-mRNA and the 5'-end of U1 snRNA.

202 removal, although MBNL1 has no effect on U1 snRNA recruitment.

203 In this study, we designed several U1 snRNA vectors to adapt U1 snRNA binding sequences of the

204 ticles (snRNPs) that are comprised of the U1 snRNA and 10 core components, including U1A, U1-70K, U1C

205 e found that this interaction between the U1 snRNA and SF3A1 occurs within prespliceosomal complexes

206 The U1 snRNA is highly conserved across a wide range of taxa; h

207 the AU dincucleotide at the 5'-end of the U1 snRNA is highly conserved, despite the absence of an app

208 Thus, SL4 of the U1 snRNA is important for splicing, and its interaction wit

209 eraction between stem-loop 4 (SL4) of the U1 snRNA, which recognizes the 5' splice site, and a compon

210 , we present a mutational analysis of the U1 snRNA, which shows that although enlarging the 5' leader

211 site of a pre-mRNA and the 5' end of the U1 snRNA.

212 Imperfect copies of these U1 snRNA genes, also located on chromosome 1 (1q12-21), wer

213 However, many of these "variant" (v)U1 snRNA genes produce fully processed transcripts.

214 ed predominantly through basepairing with U1 snRNA whilst U1-C fine-tunes relative affinities of mism

215 (snRNP) through strong base-pairing with U1 snRNA.

216 mal assembly through its interaction with U1 snRNA.

217 U1 snRNAs associate with 5' splice sites in the form of rib

218 We show that Cr1-activating engineered U1 snRNAs (eU1s) have the unique ability to reprogram pre-m

219 Compensatory modified U1 snRNAs, complementary to mutated donor splice sites, wer

220 one case, we also evaluated exon-specific U1 snRNAs that, by targeting nonconserved intronic sequence

221 s of human U1-like snRNAs, the variant (v)U1 snRNAs (vU1s), also participate in pre-mRNA processing e

222 This is the first indication that variant U1 snRNAs have a biological function in vivo.

223 d1 and Tgs1 or in the presence of variant U1 snRNAs.

224 terminal RNA recognition motif of p65, a U12 snRNA binding protein, also binds to the distal 3' stem-

225 s of proteins on 25S rRNA, 5.8S rRNA and U12 snRNA structure, illustrating the critical importance of

226 ian U12 snRNAs, the loop of the SLIIb in U12 snRNA is variable among plant species, and DMS/SHAPE-LMP

227 p65 protein-binding apical stem-loop of U12 snRNA can be replaced by this U6atac distal 3' stem-loop

228 ecular helix I region between U6atac and U12 snRNAs, several other regions within these RNA molecules

229 Interestingly, in contrast to mammalian U12 snRNAs, the loop of the SLIIb in U12 snRNA is variable a

230 ds human and Drosophila U1 snRNA SLII and U2 snRNA SLIV with higher affinity than do modern homologs,

231 cumulation of the 3' pre-processed U1 and U2 snRNA.

232 the context of TER1 suggests that the BS-U2 snRNA interaction is disrupted after the first step and

233 icates that Prp5 has reduced affinity for U2 snRNA that lacks Psi42 and Psi44 and that Prp5 ATPase ac

234 er, our results indicate that the Psis in U2 snRNA contribute to pre-mRNA splicing by directly alteri

235 me formation was blocked by a mutation in U2 snRNA.

236 a major binding site for stem-loop IIa of U2 snRNA.

237 intaining interactions with the keto-rich U2 snRNA.

238 iometric association of U2 snRNPs and the U2 snRNA is base-paired to the pre-mRNA.

239 Nase activity within the CU region of the U2 snRNA primary transcript in vitro, and that coilin knock

240 eration by regulating the function of the U2 snRNA spliceosomal complex.

241 Yeast U2 snRNA contains three conserved Psis (Psi35, Psi42, and P

242 U1 and U2 snRNAs undergo a processing event of the primary transcr

243 vealed novel Prp8-binding sites on U1 and U2 snRNAs.

244 k-turns from ribosomes, riboswitches and U4 snRNA, finding a strong conservation of properties for a

245 d predispose them to ion-induced folding, U4 snRNA are strongly biased to an inability to such foldin

246 The single-stranded region of U4 snRNA between its 3' stem-loop and the U4/U6 snRNA stem

247 ves the Prp31- and Snu13-binding sites on U4 snRNA unaffected.

248 nu13-U4/U6 RNP into an intact Prp31-Snu13-U4 snRNA particle, free Prp3, and free U6 snRNA.

249 ffold during the entire assembly, but the U4 snRNA 5' stem-loop adopts alternative orientations each

250 anslocates only a limited distance on the U4 snRNA strand and does not actively release RNA-bound pro

251 ation via ATP-driven translocation on the U4 snRNA strand.

252 interact with the exon binding loop 1 of U5 snRNA.

253 he amino-terminal domain of Prp8 position U5 snRNA to insert its loop I, which aligns the exons for s

254 mutations in PRP16, PRP8, SNU114 and the U5 snRNA that affect this process interact genetically with

255 l and linker domains, and base-pairs with U5 snRNA loop 1.

256 ruitment, packaging of both pre-tRNAs and U6 snRNA requires the nuclear export receptor Exportin-5.

257 lic phosphates at the ends of 5S rRNA and U6 snRNA.

258 e observations suggest that the conserved U6 snRNA methyltransferase evolved an additional function i

259 of the same gRNA expressed from different U6 snRNA promoters, with the previously untested U6:3 promo

260 then completed by the partially displaced U6 snRNA adopting an alternative conformation, which leads

261 13-U4 snRNA particle, free Prp3, and free U6 snRNA.

262 t, in turn, inhibit stable association of U6 snRNA and subsequent catalysis.

263 es downstream.We show that the 3' ends of U6 snRNA in PN patient lymphoblasts are elongated and unexp

264 ta implicate aberrant oligoadenylation of U6 snRNA in the pathogenesis of the leukemia predisposition

265 U6 di-snRNAs that diminish the ability of U6 snRNA to adopt an alternative conformation but leave the

266 e fold, which recognizes a 3'-overhang of U6 snRNA, and a preceding peptide, which binds U4/U6 stem I

267 The invariant ACAGAGA sequence of U6 snRNA, which base-pairs with the 5'-splice site during c

268 tional 3'-end processing by USB1 protects U6 snRNA from targeting and destruction by the nuclear exos

269 the tri-snRNP and comparison with a Prp24-U6 snRNA recycling complex suggests how Prp3 may be involve

270 can activate the spliceosome by stripping U6 snRNA of all precatalytic binding partners, while minimi

271 However, we unexpectedly find that U6 snRNA gene promoters are occupied primarily by TBP in ce

272 he pairing of the 5' splice site with the U6 snRNA ACAGAGA region.

273 n nucleotides +3 to +6 base-pair with the U6 snRNA ACAGAGA sequence.

274 from budding yeast, here we show that the U6 snRNA catalyses both of the two splicing reactions by po

275 While the U6 snRNA catalytic core remains firmly held in the active s

276 yeasts rely on hyperstabilization of the U6 snRNA-5' splice site interaction to impede the 2nd step

277 identifies specific phosphates in the U2-U6 snRNA complex that position two catalytic metals.

278 t one function of Cwc2 is to stabilize U2-U6 snRNA helix I during splicing.

279 ju2 and Cwc25 as well as destabilizing U2-U6 snRNA helix I.

280 e ability of Delta247-Brr2 to bind the U4/U6 snRNA duplex at high pH and increases Delta247-Brr2's RN

281 ependent ATPase required to unwind the U4/U6 snRNA duplex during spliceosome assembly.

282 snRNA between its 3' stem-loop and the U4/U6 snRNA stem I is loaded into the Brr2 helicase active sit

283 ss known direct Prp8-binding sites on U5, U6 snRNA and intron-containing pre-mRNAs identified using s

284 n Prp16 stabilizes Cwc2 interactions with U6 snRNA and destabilizes Cwc2 interactions with pre-mRNA,

285 Prp8 directly cross-links with U2, U5 and U6 snRNAs and pre-mRNA in purified activated spliceosomes,

286 The U4 and U6 snRNAs are incorporated into the spliceosome as a base-p

287 The U2, U4, U5, and U6 snRNAs contain expected conserved sequences and have the

288 Base-pairing of U4 and U6 snRNAs during di-snRNP assembly requires large-scale rem

289 P contains extensively base paired U4 and U6 snRNAs, Snu13, Prp31, Prp3 and Prp4, seven Sm and seven

290 r RNA (snRNA), extensively base-paired U4/U6 snRNAs and more than 30 proteins, including the key comp

291 n, leading to a dramatic reduction of U5, U6 snRNAs and accumulation of U1 snRNA in the B(act) comple

292 ggered by unwinding of the U4 and U6 (U4/U6) snRNAs.

293 rated that the 3' stem-loop region of U6atac snRNA contains a U12-dependent spliceosome-specific targ

294 pressed, it is unclear whether these variant snRNAs have the capacity to form snRNPs and participate

295 ique ribonucleoproteins (RNPs), and many vU1 snRNA genes are differentially expressed in human embryo

296 ides to block the activity of a specific vU1 snRNA in HeLa cells, we have identified global transcrip

297 Our results indicate that this vU1 snRNA regulates expression of a subset of target genes a

298 Furthermore, some vU1 snRNAs are packaged into unique ribonucleoproteins (RNPs

299 omal activation through its interaction with snRNAs and possibly other spliceosomal proteins, reveali

300 es are more similar to mRNA genes than yeast snRNA genes with respect to termination.