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1 e resident-intruder model for social stress (social defeat).
2 d immobility in the forced swim test, as did social defeat.
3 ojections mimicked the behavioral effects of social defeat.
4 th addiction and depression models including social defeat.
5 d decreased neurogenesis are consequences of social defeat.
6 conomic status) and mice subject to repeated social defeat.
7 red for restoration of normal behavior after social defeat.
8 ls, none of these molecules were affected by social defeat.
9 precipitating the depressive phenotype after social defeat.
10  that were susceptible, but not resilient to social defeat.
11 scimol on aggression were dependent on prior social defeat.
12 ith a novel intruder 24 hours after an acute social defeat.
13  or not a hamster has previously experienced social defeat.
14 gs of miniature EPSCs (mEPSCs) in mice after social defeat.
15 an increase in the frequency of mEPSCs after social defeat.
16  TLR4) and macrophages (CD14 and CD86) after social defeat.
17 e to reverse behavioral pathology induced by social defeat.
18 al warm temperature also was evaluated after social defeat.
19 nhances the activation of orexin cells after social defeat.
20 t make some mice resistant to the effects of social defeat.
21 changes in cholecystokinin (CCK-8) following social defeat.
22 NST to modulate agonistic behavior following social defeat.
23 n male and female California mice exposed to social defeat.
24  no effect was observed on other symptoms of social defeat.
25 d signaling molecules in response to chronic social defeat, 2) brain reward function during social de
26 o subthreshold stress (i.e., single cycle of social defeat) 24 days after RSD, and immune and behavio
27 DRN GABA and 5-HT neurons in mice exposed to social defeat, a model that induces long-lasting avoidan
28 ses in IkappaB kinase (IKK) in the NAc after social defeat, a molecular pathway that has been shown t
29                                     Repeated social defeat also increased the presence of deramified
30                                     Repeated social defeat also significantly increased the number of
31  about how a behavioral interaction, such as social defeat, alters the development of adaptive immuni
32                            Here we show that social defeat, although not producing depression by itse
33 on during the circadian peak, adrenalectomy, social defeat and acute injections of alcohol on these c
34  social avoidance in mice exposed to chronic social defeat and concurrently prevented the electrophys
35                        Importantly, for both social defeat and environmental enrichment, how glucocor
36 day), and 3) forced swim test behavior after social defeat and fluoxetine treatment.
37 cial defeat, 2) brain reward function during social defeat and long-term treatment with the antidepre
38                   These effects emerge after social defeat and require Oxtr specifically coupled to t
39  in neurogenesis drive changes in mood after social defeat and that glucocorticoids secreted during e
40 te) granulocytes in mice subject to repeated social defeat, and these effects were blocked by pharmac
41           In contrast, MS180 rats exposed to social defeat as adults had increased slc6a4 mRNA expres
42 ults highlight more robust CCK modulation by social defeat as compared with 3 other neuropeptide syst
43 substitution to study social affiliation and social defeat behaviors.
44 ce that are repeatedly subjected to bouts of social defeat by a larger and aggressive CD-1 mouse resu
45 at an inbred population of mice subjected to social defeat can be separated into susceptible and unsu
46                                              Social defeat caused a weakening of functional connectiv
47 ignificant increase in cold preference after social defeat compared to the baseline.
48 ffected with MDD and rats exposed to chronic social defeat (CSD) stress, which is used to model depre
49 missive behavior and exhibited resilience to social defeat, demonstrated by a lack of subsequent soci
50 cial disruption (SDR) that involves repeated social defeat during intermale aggression results in inc
51                    Our results revealed that social defeat engaged DRN GABA neurons and drove GABAerg
52 mygdala (BLA) of animals that are exposed to social defeat enhances subsequent defeat-induced changes
53 ol group, and active coping behaviors during social defeat episodes were associated with subsequent r
54  to chronic unpredictable stress and chronic social defeat exhibit low leptin levels in plasma.
55 caine seeking in stressed animals long after social defeat exposure.
56 Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to repeated social defeat for 5 days while controls were placed in a
57 hibited an increase in BDNF levels following social defeat, HR individuals did not.
58                             According to the social defeat hypothesis, the long-term experience of ex
59                              Protection from social defeat in G-allele carriers was associated with a
60                                        Acute social defeat in mice activates the hypothalamic-pituita
61 ere we investigated behavioral adaptation to social defeat in mice and uncovered a critical contribut
62                   Here we show that repeated social defeat in mice increased c-Fos staining in brain
63 ents compared behavioral effects of repeated social defeat in mice with forebrain GR deletion and in
64                                 Subthreshold social defeat in RSD-sensitized mice increased periphera
65 R), a social stressor that involves repeated social defeat in subordinate mice.
66                                 Furthermore, social defeat increased anxiety-like behavior and caused
67                           Single or repeated social defeat increased both brain and plasma concentrat
68                               Last, repeated social defeat increased c-Fos activation in IL-1 recepto
69 nalysis of microglia indicated that repeated social defeat increased levels of interleukin (IL)-1beta
70                                              Social defeat increased slc6a4 mRNA expression, but only
71                       Moreover, subthreshold social defeat increased social avoidance in RSD-sensitiz
72        These findings indicate that repeated social defeat-induced anxiety-like behavior and enhanced
73  (mPFC) neuronal activity is associated with social defeat-induced depression- and anxiety-like behav
74                                     Repeated social defeat-induced macrophage recruitment to the brai
75 bition of Rac1 activity in the NAc increases social defeat-induced social avoidance and anhedonia in
76 e gyrus of the hippocampus of LR rats led to social defeat-induced social avoidance, whereas its acti
77                                              Social defeat induces long-lasting increases in OT produ
78       The combined data suggest that chronic social defeat induces molecular changes that reduce myel
79                                              Social defeat is a powerful experience that often leads
80  activation of IKK signaling pathways during social defeat is both necessary and sufficient to induce
81                      Conditioned defeat is a social defeat model in Syrian hamsters in which individu
82                              A robust female social defeat model is a critical first step in the iden
83                                       In the social defeat model of chronic stress, calorie restricti
84 Ac), a key brain reward region, in the mouse social defeat model of depression.
85 ute to spatial memory deficits in the rodent social defeat model that can be reversed by anti-inflamm
86                                       In the social defeat model, we observed further that many of th
87              The ES mice were exposed to the social defeat of a PS mouse by a larger, more aggressive
88 e examined acute and long-lasting effects of social defeat on OT neurons in male and female Californi
89 with or without subsequent exposure to adult social defeat on slc6a4 mRNA expression in the dorsal ra
90 ogically relevant stressor, namely threat of social defeat, on dopamine concentrations in nucleus acc
91 ts robust antidepressant-like effects in the social defeat paradigm and other behavioral assays.
92               We report a new version of the social defeat paradigm that works in female mice.
93 tine's antidepressant effects in the chronic social defeat paradigm, whereas inhibition of CaMKII act
94 decreased resilience to repeated stress in a social defeat paradigm.
95  and MS-275, in the tail suspension test and social defeat paradigm.
96  C57BL/6 mice by subjecting them to a 10-day social defeat paradigm.
97 ne neurons of mice undergoing a subthreshold social-defeat paradigm rapidly induced a susceptible phe
98 expression, reveals clear differences in the social defeat phenotype induced by Fosb gene manipulatio
99  the pVTA and CRF-R2 in the aVTA during each social defeat prevented escalated cocaine self-administr
100 demonstrates that the experience of repeated social defeat prior to a primary viral infection signifi
101 c stress, mice were subjected to the chronic social defeat procedure.
102   In Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus), social defeat produces a subsequent increase in submissi
103          Our results suggest that adolescent social defeat produces both deficits in anxiety response
104                    We tested whether chronic social defeat produces structural alterations in the mPF
105                                              Social defeat profoundly and persistently decreased brai
106                            At the end of the social defeat protocol, body weights, food and water int
107               In the ventral tegmental area, social defeat, regardless of susceptibility or resilienc
108                                      Despite social defeats, resilient mice with normal sociability s
109            In Syrian hamsters, even a single social defeat results in conditioned defeat, which inclu
110           Previous work showed that repeated social defeat (RSD) in mice promoted stress-sensitizatio
111             Our previous work using repeated social defeat (RSD) in mice showed that recruitment of p
112                                     Repeated social defeat (RSD) is a murine stressor that primes per
113                                     Repeated social defeat (RSD) is a murine stressor that recapitula
114                       In a model of repeated social defeat (RSD), elevated IL-1beta expression in the
115                              Using a chronic social defeat (SD) stress model, learned helplessness (L
116 ehavioral analysis confirmed that the 14-day social defeat sessions resulted in induction of depressi
117 ed for thermal preference after 5 successive social defeat sessions.
118                 Mice adrenalectomized before social defeat showed enhanced behavioral resiliency and
119 e socially avoidant by the stress of chronic social defeats showed depressed neural activity in the l
120 inistration of cocaine immediately following social defeat significantly reduced the number of Fos-LI
121 rate that adult mice which underwent chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) displayed elevated anxiety-l
122        Exposure of Ghsr-null mice to chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) elicits more severe depressi
123                                      Chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) is a well-established rodent
124 nt-like activity of vmPFC DBS in the chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) model of depression (n = 8-1
125                                      Chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) produces persistent behavior
126  monitored in mice after exposure to chronic social defeat stress (CSDS), a model of prolonged psycho
127 educed in NAc of mice susceptible to chronic social defeat stress (CSDS), a paradigm that produces be
128      Here we examined the effects of chronic social defeat stress (CSDS), an ethological form of stre
129 an subjects and in mice subjected to chronic social defeat stress (CSDS).
130 osome transgenic mice that underwent chronic social defeat stress (CSDS).
131 ts to NAc regulate susceptibility to chronic social defeat stress (CSDS).
132 was microinjected into the VTA 20 min before social defeat stress (or handling) on days 1, 4, 7, and
133                                     Repeated social defeat stress (R-SDS) reduces the expression of D
134 ter exposure to either subthreshold repeated social defeat stress (RSDS) or a purely emotional stress
135      Numerous studies have employed repeated social defeat stress (RSDS) to study the neurobiological
136                                       Single social defeat stress (S-SDS) induces D1 receptor-mediate
137 ubmissive behavioral traits developed during social defeat stress (SD).
138                                        Using social defeat stress (SDS) in mice, here we identified a
139 iciency leads to increased susceptibility to social defeat stress (SDS), a model of psychosocial stre
140 ed enhanced susceptibility to a subthreshold social defeat stress (SSDS) as observed by reduced socia
141                              We suggest that social defeat stress alters ERK1/2, IL-6, GLO1, GSR1, CA
142                 We hypothesized that chronic social defeat stress alters synaptic strength or connect
143 a2 subunit knockdown decreased resilience to social defeat stress and c-fos immunoreactivity in the B
144 tal period increases susceptibility to adult social defeat stress and causes long-lasting transcripti
145 oth the decrease in Rac1 transcription after social defeat stress and depression-related behavior, su
146 r, we find that female mice undergo repeated social defeat stress and develop social avoidance, decre
147                                         Both social defeat stress and environmental enrichment stimul
148 VL function renders mice more susceptible to social defeat stress and promotes depression-like behavi
149 e-induced behaviors, indicating that chronic social defeat stress and repeated cocaine exposure regul
150 e exposed mice to chronic cocaine or chronic social defeat stress and used two-photon laser scanning
151            C57BL/6 mice underwent 10 days of social defeat stress and were subsequently tested for so
152 nd those susceptible or resilient to chronic social defeat stress at multiple time points.
153 rring transcriptional phenomena that control social defeat stress behavior.
154                                     Episodic social defeat stress consists of four brief confrontatio
155                    Here we show that chronic social defeat stress decreases messenger RNA and protein
156       Our results suggest that experience of social defeat stress during adolescent development can c
157 tudy, the authors investigated the impact of social defeat stress during mid-adolescence on adult mal
158 ult male rats previously exposed to repeated social defeat stress during mid-adolescence.
159                                 Intermittent social defeat stress escalates later cocaine self-admini
160                    Mice subjected to chronic social defeat stress exhibited similar reductions in lev
161 tidepressant action, we administered chronic social defeat stress followed by chronic imipramine (a t
162  D2-MSNs after CSDS or before a subthreshold social defeat stress in D1-Cre or D2-Cre bacterial artif
163 resent study, we investigated the effects of social defeat stress in male rats on the operant escape
164                   Here we show that repeated social defeat stress in mice activated threat appraisal
165           We have recently validated chronic social defeat stress in mice as a model in which a depre
166                         We find that chronic social defeat stress in mice causes a transient decrease
167                                      Chronic social defeat stress in mice produces a susceptible phen
168                         We show that chronic social defeat stress in mice produces progressive altera
169                  Here, we show that repeated social defeat stress in rats causes persistent enhanceme
170                                      Chronic social defeat stress increased hyperpolarization-activat
171                        Additionally, chronic social defeat stress induces a prolonged reduction in th
172 h wild-type mice; and 5) exposure to chronic social defeat stress induces blood glucocorticoids and a
173                                 Intermittent social defeat stress induces both locomotor and dopamine
174                                              Social defeat stress induces persistent cross-sensitizat
175                                      Chronic social defeat stress induces the formation of stubby exc
176 rainstem structures after a brief episode of social defeat stress is related to behavioral sensitizat
177  this study we show that a single episode of social defeat stress is sufficient to specifically induc
178                                         In a social defeat stress model of depression, depressed (sus
179                               In the chronic social defeat stress model of depression, we report that
180                              Using a chronic social defeat stress model, we explored whether the susc
181                                      Chronic social defeat stress of mice increases IkappaK activity
182 1, 14, 17, and 20, animals were subjected to social defeat stress or a nonstressful control condition
183 at DeltaFosB is induced in NAc after chronic social defeat stress or after chronic antidepressant tre
184  a separate group of rats underwent a single social defeat stress or control handling and were challe
185 ue-Dawley rats underwent a single episode of social defeat stress or control handling, followed by am
186     Lymphocytes from mice undergoing chronic social defeat stress or from unstressed control mice wer
187 d cocaine administration prior to subchronic social defeat stress potentiated depressive-like behavio
188  and in the tail suspension test and chronic social defeat stress procedure in C57BL/6 male mice.
189                                              Social defeat stress produced social avoidance (a model
190                                      Chronic social defeat stress regulates the expression of Fosb in
191  enhanced alcohol consumption in response to social defeat stress relative to their wild-type litterm
192                                     Repeated social defeat stress resulted in repeated episodes of dr
193 active Rac1 in the NAc of mice after chronic social defeat stress reverses depression-related behavio
194 entate gyrus neurogenesis is increased after social defeat stress selectively in mice that display pe
195 velop depressive-like symptoms after chronic social defeat stress show distinct changes in the activi
196            Here, we show that chronic (10 d) social defeat stress significantly increased the in vivo
197 rd-associated region, in response to chronic social defeat stress was both necessary and sufficient f
198                    Mice subjected to chronic social defeat stress were stratified into resilient and
199        We investigated the effect of chronic social defeat stress, a mouse model of depression, on bl
200 efrontal cortex (mPFC) of mice after chronic social defeat stress, a mouse model of depression.
201                            Moreover, chronic social defeat stress, a rodent model of depression, pers
202 sant, ketamine, in mice subjected to chronic social defeat stress, a validated depression model, and
203                                Using chronic social defeat stress, an animal model of mood and anxiet
204                        We found that chronic social defeat stress, an animal model recapitulating som
205 induced relapse to cocaine use in rats using social defeat stress, an ethologically valid psychosocia
206   In the present study, we show that chronic social defeat stress, an ethologically validated model o
207                           We applied chronic social defeat stress, an ethologically validated mouse m
208 and synaptic results were obtained following social defeat stress, and intracerebroventricular inject
209 gia (NIH), novelty-suppressed feeding (NSF), social defeat stress, and learned helplessness.
210 electively in susceptible mice after chronic social defeat stress, and overexpression of DeltaFosB in
211 vivo, ACY-738 promoted resilience to chronic social defeat stress, and serotonin-selective viral over
212                   In a murine model of acute social defeat stress, Asb1 gene expression was significa
213                                After chronic social defeat stress, chronic administration of imiprami
214  downregulated in NAc of mice susceptible to social defeat stress, effects not seen in resilient mice
215 (P70), reactivity to aversive stimuli (i.e., social defeat stress, forced swimming, and elevated plus
216                            Mice resilient to social defeat stress, however, exhibit stable normal fir
217 rimental approaches for studying depression, social defeat stress, in particular, has been shown to h
218 the induction of depressive-like symptoms by social defeat stress, low-novelty-seeking rats [low resp
219                                After chronic social defeat stress, resilient animals displayed an upr
220 yed increased susceptibility to subthreshold social defeat stress, suggesting that neuronal VGF, expr
221 ctrophysiological adaptations in response to social defeat stress, which are normalized by antidepres
222 course of cross-sensitization after a single social defeat stress, which normally produces transient
223  males as one commonly used paradigm-chronic social defeat stress-has proven challenging to implement
224 K signaling results in a reversal of chronic social defeat stress-induced social avoidance behavior.
225 eptor containing MSNs of mice susceptible to social defeat stress.
226  behavioral abnormalities seen after chronic social defeat stress.
227 ty to stress using a murine model of chronic social defeat stress.
228 thin the ventral tegmental area (VTA) during social defeat stress.
229  substrate 1 (Rac1) expression after chronic social defeat stress.
230 ke inhibitor antidepressant, fluoxetine; and social defeat stress.
231 spine morphology in mice undergoing an acute social defeat stress.
232 depressive-like behaviors induced by chronic social defeat stress.
233 ve mutant of GSK3beta promoted resilience to social defeat stress.
234 regulation of this pathway in the NAc due to social defeat stress.
235 oral susceptibility vs resilience to chronic social defeat stress.
236 ey behavioral abnormality induced by chronic social defeat stress.
237 ens (NAc) by chronic cocaine use and chronic social defeat stress.
238  patients and in mice chronically exposed to social defeat stress.
239 reverse translated in a mouse model of acute social defeat stress.
240 (40 mg/kg, i.p.) immediately or 1 week after social defeat stress.
241 Fosb gene in NAc regulates susceptibility to social defeat stress.
242 d in the NAc of resilient mice after chronic social defeat stress.
243 rons prevents social avoidance after chronic social defeat stress.
244 ours of cocaine withdrawal and after chronic social defeat stress.
245 lf-administration, and resilience to chronic social defeat stress.
246 uding in vivo recordings in mice and chronic social defeat stress.
247  mice and mice that are resilient to chronic social defeat stress.
248 phe nucleus of vulnerable mice after chronic social defeat stress.
249 uces social avoidance following subthreshold social defeat stress.
250 l mediator of depression-related outcomes to social defeat stress.
251  increases after mice are exposed to chronic social defeat stress.
252  of these neurons mediates susceptibility to social-defeat stress in freely behaving mice.
253 in levels in plasma are reduced in a chronic social-defeat stress model of depression, which correlat
254 e reward signals, is upregulated by repeated social-defeat stress, a highly validated mouse model of
255 tal cortex (mPFC), induced susceptibility to social-defeat stress.
256 ent mice that had been subjected to repeated social-defeat stress.
257                            Immediately after social defeat, stress-exposed mice (irrespective of whet
258 n this model, hamsters that have experienced social defeat subsequently display only submissive-defen
259 class III histone deacetylase, after chronic social defeat suggest a role for this enzyme in mediatin
260 as MDL 11,939 blocks 5-HT2A receptors during social defeat to disrupt the development of the conditio
261 , or 2.0 mg/kg) was injected either prior to social defeat training or prior to conditioned defeat te
262 , or 3.0 mg/kg) was injected either prior to social defeat training or prior to conditioned defeat te
263 h SHI reported experiencing more feelings of social defeat (U=109, z=-2.09, P=.04) and loneliness (U=
264                  Brains harvested 6 hr after social defeat were dissected into 12 regions (olfactory
265 on in all regions studied in mice 24 h after social defeat when compared to control (naive) mice (P<0
266 antagonist directly into the VTA before each social defeat would prevent the development of later (1)

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