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1 social interaction, repetitive behavior, and spatial learning.
2 on and hippocampal-dependent associative and spatial learning.
3 ocampal inputs have not been measured during spatial learning.
4 tuations that utilize habit-like associative spatial learning.
5 tioned taste aversion, fear conditioning and spatial learning.
6  show that CPT1C deficiency strongly impairs spatial learning.
7 aturation of dendritic spines and for proper spatial learning.
8 tinal axon guidance, synaptic functions, and spatial learning.
9 ficits in fear-conditioned learning, but not spatial learning.
10 f unlearned fear, sensorimotor function, and spatial learning.
11 mmediate memory, classical conditioning, and spatial learning.
12 ation on neuronal excitability in the EC and spatial learning.
13 ny obvious changes in social behaviors or in spatial learning.
14 naptic pathway is sufficient for incremental spatial learning.
15 cell proliferation and a marked decrement in spatial learning.
16  learning but enhanced hippocampus-dependent spatial learning.
17 rally characterized in hippocampal-dependent spatial learning.
18 n widely implicated in hippocampus-dependent spatial learning.
19 ts in hippocampal long-term potentiation and spatial learning.
20  effect of cytokines on hippocampus-mediated spatial learning.
21  the functioning of pathways associated with spatial learning.
22  not appear to relate directly to changes in spatial learning.
23  preparation and to determine the effects on spatial learning.
24 bute to social behavior by supporting social-spatial learning.
25 P.PS mice, and this correlated with improved spatial learning.
26 smission were associated with impairments in spatial learning.
27 ntral striatal circuitry during reward-based spatial learning.
28 yperactivity, reduced anxiety, and deficient spatial learning.
29 ds but not to expected rewards earned during spatial learning.
30 nctional assessment of the brain systems for spatial learning, a form of episodic memory.
31                   Long-term consolidation of spatial learning, a function of temporoammonic-CA1 synap
32 ions of testosterone and corticosterone, but spatial learning abilities and exploratory behaviors wer
33 nces in brain structure, the tortoise showed spatial learning abilities comparable to those observed
34            We designed a T-maze to study the spatial learning abilities of crayfish (Orconectes rusti
35 sks are well-validated paradigms for testing spatial learning abilities, manual categorization of per
36 ed impaired social interactions but enhanced spatial learning abilities.
37  reduced long-term potentiation and impaired spatial learning ability in adults.
38 C consistent with the hypothesis that during spatial learning an experience-dependent memory trace is
39 lpha-OH-THP reversed the deficits in LTP and spatial learning, an effect prevented by the inactive me
40 nvestigated effects on exploratory behavior, spatial learning and anxiety in mice of both sexes.
41 ons, we analyzed the effect of enrichment on spatial learning and anxiety-like behavior while blockin
42 ioral abnormalities, including problems with spatial learning and attention.
43  mice were impaired in hippocampal-dependent spatial learning and contextual fear conditioning tasks.
44   Behaviorally, Rap2V12 mice showed impaired spatial learning and defective extinction of contextual
45 2, show hippocampal-dependent impairments in spatial learning and deficits in hippocampal long-term p
46 of 2 delivery routes of 17 beta-estradiol on spatial learning and dendritic spine densities in young
47  lesions of the dorsal hippocampus disrupted spatial learning and enhanced cued learning.
48 e influence of medial PFC (mPFC) activity on spatial learning and hippocampal coding in a plus maze t
49 In rodent models, estradiol tends to enhance spatial learning and impair response or cued learning, b
50 GS14-KO mice exhibited marked enhancement in spatial learning and in object recognition memory compar
51 inal countered losartan's capacity to rescue spatial learning and memory and blocked losartan's benef
52 -dependent behaviors in adulthood, including spatial learning and memory and fear conditioning.
53 eurons in the dentate gyrus are critical for spatial learning and memory and other hippocampal functi
54                   These results suggest that spatial learning and memory are energized by the release
55 at mice lacking CD3zeta exhibited defects in spatial learning and memory as examined by the Barnes ma
56 ss that confers long-lasting preservation of spatial learning and memory before and after the cerebra
57 tenuated neuronal degeneration, and improved spatial learning and memory compared with the vehicle-tr
58 ppocampus efficiently reverses Abeta-induced spatial learning and memory deficits by restoring a spec
59 neural stem cell transplantation rescues the spatial learning and memory deficits in aged 3xTg-AD mic
60                                      We find spatial learning and memory deficits in FE65-KO and FE65
61 eta-CD administration significantly improved spatial learning and memory deficits in Tg19959 mice, di
62 erm potentiation (LTP) and aged mice display spatial learning and memory deficits that are absent fro
63 eterozygous for the alpha3 isoform displayed spatial learning and memory deficits unrelated to differ
64 edicated food containing Pip18 for 4 months, spatial learning and memory deficits were not rescued, p
65 d soluble brain Abeta, leading to aggravated spatial learning and memory deficits, thus emphasizing t
66  including hyperactivity, disinhibition, and spatial learning and memory deficits.
67 ed depressive- and anxiety-like behavior and spatial learning and memory dysfunction.
68 n of the Morris water maze (a common test of spatial learning and memory for rodents) that is designe
69 ons, and higher cognitive functions, such as spatial learning and memory formation.
70 deposition and neuroinflammation and rescued spatial learning and memory function in APPPS1 mice.
71 KO mice also showed enhanced recognition and spatial learning and memory functions.
72  on anxiety-like behavior but did not affect spatial learning and memory functions.
73 2 deficiency prevented hippocampus-dependent spatial learning and memory impairments induced by crani
74 ession, and impaired synaptic plasticity and spatial learning and memory in 3-mo-old mice.
75 els of BDNF and NT-3 in the CNS and improved spatial learning and memory in a mouse model of AD.
76 e cells, and caused selective alterations in spatial learning and memory in adult mice.
77 min A, on the neuropathology and deficits of spatial learning and memory in amyloid precursor protein
78 oral administration of low-dose MPD improves spatial learning and memory in both male and female prea
79 as a contributing factor underlying impaired spatial learning and memory in children and adults with
80 e are associated with pronounced deficits in spatial learning and memory in context-dependent fear co
81          The CCR5 knockout (KO) also rescues spatial learning and memory in gp120-transgenic mice.
82 AR) subunits in the hippocampus and enhanced spatial learning and memory in hAPP mice.
83 mal short-term synaptic plasticity, LTP, and spatial learning and memory in mice.
84 the most frequently used behavioral assay of spatial learning and memory in rodents - translates to h
85  the most commonly used techniques to assess spatial learning and memory in rodents.
86 both working memory in prefrontal cortex and spatial learning and memory in the hippocampus.
87 ranulin-deficient mice demonstrated impaired spatial learning and memory in the Morris water maze.
88 d the short- and long-term effects of WBI on spatial learning and memory retention and determined whe
89 that the diabetic rats with an impairment of spatial learning and memory showed the occurrence of RTN
90        In the object recognition task (a non-spatial learning and memory task), progesterone treatmen
91     However, in the object placement task (a spatial learning and memory task), progesterone treatmen
92 een with novel object recognition as well as spatial learning and memory tests.
93 ave severe deficits in hippocampus-dependent spatial learning and memory that are accompanied by enha
94  improves performance on behavioral tasks of spatial learning and memory that are impaired by isoflur
95  NL1 knock-out (KO) mice display deficits in spatial learning and memory that correlate with impaired
96       The beneficial effect of naltrexone on spatial learning and memory under normal conditions appe
97                                              Spatial learning and memory was enhanced in 12 month "mi
98                                              Spatial learning and memory were assessed using Morris w
99                                              Spatial learning and memory were assessed using the part
100 cognition, deficits in hippocampal-dependent spatial learning and memory were exaggerated in E4 mice.
101 cocorticoid negative feedback inhibition and spatial learning and memory were impaired.
102                                              Spatial learning and memory were measured using the Morr
103 luated anxiety, locomotor behavior, startle, spatial learning and memory with mice at 2, 4, 6 and 8 m
104 hyperhomocysteinemia, significantly impaired spatial learning and memory, and caused a significant ra
105              APP(E693Q) mice were tested for spatial learning and memory, and only 12-month-old APP(E
106 ver, LPC-DHA treatment markedly improved the spatial learning and memory, as measured by Morris water
107 ment prevented anesthesia-induced deficit in spatial learning and memory, as measured by Morris water
108 lly, we found an exacerbation of deficits in spatial learning and memory, as well as in working and a
109 urites in Tg-RTN3 mice causes impairments in spatial learning and memory, as well as synaptic plastic
110 open-field exploratory activity yet impaired spatial learning and memory, endophenotypes similar to t
111 at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of age to evaluate spatial learning and memory, followed by histologic asse
112 c modulator (NAM), rescued their deficits in spatial learning and memory, hippocampal synaptic plasti
113               These mice exhibit deficits in spatial learning and memory, reduced associative cued me
114 genetic ablation of LSD1n led to deficits in spatial learning and memory, revealing the functional im
115 extinction and reversal of Morris water maze spatial learning and memory, suggesting that adult neuro
116 ice were associated with extreme deficits in spatial learning and memory, suggesting that TRIM9-direc
117 rea CA1 of hippocampus, a region involved in spatial learning and memory, tau pathology is associated
118      Awake and sleep SWRs both contribute to spatial learning and memory, thought to be mediated by t
119 motor and anxiety-like compulsive behaviors, spatial learning and memory, visual recognition and shor
120 valuate the importance of the hippocampus in spatial learning and memory, we tested amnesic participa
121 ippocampus, as well as hippocampus-dependent spatial learning and memory.
122 a CA1, and deficits in hippocampus-dependent spatial learning and memory.
123              The hippocampus is critical for spatial learning and memory.
124  oxidative stress that also exhibit impaired spatial learning and memory.
125 eparation, a form of dentate gyrus-dependent spatial learning and memory.
126 ie the effect of HCN1 deletion to facilitate spatial learning and memory.
127 nd impaired contextual fear conditioning and spatial learning and memory.
128 nduced brain damage and striking deficits in spatial learning and memory.
129 intact PrP(C) expression exhibit deficits in spatial learning and memory.
130 transgenes, show no detectable impairment of spatial learning and memory.
131 e, suggesting that Smad4 is not required for spatial learning and memory.
132  trimers and Abeta*56 or improve deficits in spatial learning and memory.
133 campal CA1 area and on hippocampus-dependent spatial learning and memory.
134 n synaptogenesis, neurotrophic activity, and spatial learning and memory.
135 wn, it is often considered to be involved in spatial learning and memory.
136 ls in hippocampal area CA1 are essential for spatial learning and memory.
137 at an obligatory geometric module constrains spatial learning and memory.
138 ects were associated with severe deficits in spatial learning and memory.
139 es their dendrite morphogenesis, and impairs spatial learning and memory.
140 ce rescues contextual fear memory as well as spatial learning and memory.
141 in LTP that were associated with deficits in spatial learning and memory.
142 nts in both contextual fear conditioning and spatial learning and memory.
143 ensive understanding of variability in human spatial learning and navigation.
144 r results validate our topological model for spatial learning and open new avenues for connecting dat
145  in the adult hippocampus play a key role in spatial learning and pattern separation.
146 ival after acute infection) display impaired spatial learning and persistence of phagocytic microglia
147 ippocampus in particular contributes to both spatial learning and recognition memory, but the extent
148 MSCs or scaffolds seeded with hMSCs improved spatial learning and sensorimotor function, enhanced ang
149 verity scores were performed to evaluate the spatial learning and sensorimotor functions, respectivel
150            These data implicate responses to spatial learning and stress, in addition to stochastic p
151 nels act as an inhibitory constraint of both spatial learning and synaptic integration and long-term
152 us is critical for a range of functions from spatial learning and synaptic plasticity to the deficits
153 gest a common age-related impairment in both spatial learning and the recollective component of nonsp
154 f the ROCK inhibitor hydroxyfasudil improves spatial learning and working memory in the rodent model.
155 be (MTL), a brain region that is crucial for spatial learning (and episodic memory) with concomitant
156 vioral responses that engage motor activity, spatial learning, and emotional processing.
157 anatomical substrates for spatial versus non-spatial learning, and establish Drosophila as a powerful
158 rp-wave ripple (SWR) events is important for spatial learning, and hippocampal SWR activity often rep
159 he cholinergic and AT(4) receptor systems in spatial learning, and indicate for the first time a func
160 naptic transmission, long-term potentiation, spatial learning, and memory in TG mice.
161 llele exhibit deficits in neurotransmission, spatial learning, and memory.
162 included impairments of synaptic plasticity, spatial learning, and memory.
163 in deficits in complex route-based learning, spatial learning, and reference memory.
164 al tests, without affecting performance in a spatial learning- and memory-dependent task.
165 ex, cell loss in the dentate gyrus, impaired spatial learning, angiogenesis and cell proliferation.
166 ern that was sufficient to clearly segregate spatial learning animals from control.
167 ors modulated by the lateral septum, such as spatial learning, anxiety, and reward-seeking.
168 nal DA levels and signaling as well as mouse spatial learning are controlled in an Nf1 gene dose-depe
169 lies GABA(B) receptor-mediated inhibition of spatial learning as assessed by Morris water maze.
170 anied with deficits in hippocampus-dependent spatial learning as determined by the Morris water maze
171                                We have taken spatial learning as our starting point, computationally
172 al involvement of this white-matter tract in spatial learning, as implied by animal studies.
173 how impaired Pavlovian fear conditioning and spatial learning, as well as a deficiency in histone pho
174 s are required for successful acquisition of spatial learning, as well as reversal learning, but are
175      Behaviorally, CRS significantly impeded spatial learning but enhanced non-spatial cue learning o
176  deficient mice have baseline impairments in spatial learning but not retention.
177 turation in hippocampal neurons and impaired spatial learning, but the role of CPT1C in AMPAR physiol
178 129X1/SvJ, FVB/NJ, or DBA/1J showed improved spatial learning, but TTA expression caused subtle diffe
179 through which to view conditions that impair spatial learning by altering place cell firing rates or
180 GABA(B) receptors exert a tight control over spatial learning by modulating neuronal excitability in
181 unproven but long-held conjecture holds that spatial learning can occur incidentally rather than by r
182 r learning, and better hippocampus-dependent spatial learning compared with their wild-type littermat
183 neurogenesis show normal object recognition, spatial learning, contextual fear conditioning and extin
184 at early and progressive obesity potentiated spatial learning deficits as well as hippocampal tau pat
185  rats with n-3 fatty acid deficiency display spatial learning deficits in the Barnes circular maze.
186 ation of neurofibromin-dependent pathways to spatial learning deficits in the En2 mouse model of ASD.
187 (2)O anesthesia at 18-months-old, leading to spatial learning deficits in these animals.
188 male mice compared to females, while similar spatial learning deficits were present in both genders.
189 sed to ethanol were overactive and exhibited spatial learning deficits, effects that were attenuated
190 ired NMDA-dependent long-term depression and spatial learning deficits.
191 educed seizure and excitotoxicity and normal spatial learning exhibited in TRPC5 KO mice suggest that
192     The Morris water maze (MWM) is a test of spatial learning for rodents that relies on distal cues
193 ious studies on the postnatal development of spatial learning have most likely assessed the ontogeny
194 seizures and restored behavioral deficits in spatial learning, hyperactivity and the aggressive respo
195 ce exhibit deficits in hippocampus-dependent spatial learning, impaired motor coordination, altered r
196 ith anesthesia at 18-months-old demonstrated spatial learning impairment corresponding to acute and l
197 R-mediated basal synaptic transmission and a spatial learning impairment.
198 uction of TBI rescued pattern separation and spatial learning impairments 1 mo later.
199    These findings extend previous reports of spatial learning impairments after fornix transection in
200 ed rats that demonstrated anesthesia-induced spatial learning impairments.
201                                    One-trial spatial learning in a delayed matching to place water ma
202              On PID 21, rats were tested for spatial learning in a Morris Water Maze.
203  avoidance and spatial memory and accelerate spatial learning in a number of memory paradigms.
204  conditioning in zebrafish and attention and spatial learning in a pulse gymnotiform fish.
205 39) impaired object recognition learning and spatial learning in a water maze task, demonstrating the
206                     We provide evidence that spatial learning in CD is characterized by disturbances
207     Importantly, exogenous d-serine improves spatial learning in epileptic animals.
208 ng; however, the hippocampal neural basis of spatial learning in humans remains unclear.
209 t the diabetes medication metformin enhances spatial learning in mice by activating the atypical PKC/
210  explored the effects of theta precession on spatial learning in our virtual ensembles.
211 cedures modeled on those used to demonstrate spatial learning in rats.
212 ly, there were marked changes in anxiety and spatial learning in SFD/TFD groups.
213  the same time, the ghrelin agonist improved spatial learning in the mice, raised their activity leve
214                     Carf KO mice show normal spatial learning in the Morris water maze and normal con
215                                              Spatial learning in the Morris water maze was profoundly
216  to monitor neuronal activation triggered by spatial learning in the Morris water maze.
217 or, reduced locomotor activity, and impaired spatial learning in the Morris water maze.
218 ymptomatic stage show significantly improved spatial learning in the radial arm water maze test.
219 endritic plasticity of adult-born neurons as spatial learning in the water maze sculpts the dendritic
220 cognition were uncorrelated with deficits in spatial learning in the water maze, a task that requires
221 ns have differential effects on the rates of spatial learning in these 2 strains.
222  and striatal areas involved in reward-based spatial learning in unmedicated adults with obsessive-co
223 sed to investigate the mechanisms underlying spatial learning in vertebrates and has yielded much inf
224 ocampal characteristics were examined; i.e., spatial learning, in vitro synaptic plasticity, in vivo
225                                              Spatial learning is assessed across repeated trials and
226                   Our findings suggest human spatial learning is dependent on hippocampal and parahip
227                                              Spatial learning is one of the most widely studied cogni
228 h humans and rats suggests that just 2 hr of spatial learning is sufficient to change brain structure
229 ssion-like behavior or hippocampal-dependent spatial learning, it leads to an amplified and prolonged
230 e of complex behaviors, including social and spatial learning; lesion studies show that these abiliti
231 wed reduced exploratory behaviors and subtle spatial learning memory impairments were observed.
232 strated that periodic E2 treatments improved spatial learning, memory and ischemic neuronal survival
233 xpressed in areas of the brain important for spatial learning, memory, and attention.
234 ell-deficient mice have profound deficits in spatial learning, memory, and neurogenesis.
235 nt of hippocampal long-term potentiation and spatial learning-memory defects in Kcna1-null mutants, a
236 lo-HSCT recipients with GVHD had deficits in spatial learning/memory and demonstrated increased anxio
237              In this study, we examined both spatial learning/memory and hippocampal long-term potent
238                                     Impaired spatial learning/memory and markedly reduced LTP were fo
239 mk2a-expressing neurons (Ctcf CKO mice) have spatial learning/memory deficits, impaired fine motor sk
240        In contrast, only male Nf1 GEM showed spatial learning/memory deficits, increased Ras activity
241 re viable and exhibited profound deficits in spatial learning/memory, impaired motor coordination, an
242 chondrial and neuronal function and improves spatial learning/memory.
243 ) activity, and accelerated deterioration of spatial learning/memory.
244 l outcome (lowered mNSS and foot faults) and spatial learning (MWM test).
245  impairments in both CA1 hippocampal LTP and spatial learning observed on the morning of proestrus ar
246                          When applied during spatial learning of new goal locations, dopaminergic pho
247             mPFC inactivation did not impair spatial learning or retrieval per se, but impaired the a
248 e for and against a geometric module for rat spatial learning, outlines the influence of geometry on
249 s (p<0.001) and an associated improvement in spatial learning (p<0.001) compared to the control group
250        We used water-maze (WM) training as a spatial learning paradigm to test our hypothesis.
251    Concurrently, fat-1 mice exhibit a better spatial learning performance in the Morris water maze co
252                        HJ6.3 mildly improved spatial learning performance in the water maze, restored
253 ll as dramatically improved sensorimotor and spatial learning performance without an obvious gender p
254 ampal neurogenesis in rodents contributes to spatial learning performance, and in monkeys we found th
255                                       During spatial learning, place-related firing patterns in the C
256 provides a useful working description of the spatial learning process.
257  Moreover, increased levels of IL-4 improved spatial learning, promoted phosphorylation of N-methyl-D
258 lecular programs of relevance, we designed a spatial learning protocol to engage a pattern separation
259                                 In a test of spatial learning, PRRSV piglets took longer to acquire t
260 ociations highlights how distinct classes of spatial learning rely on different systems, even though
261                                              Spatial learning requires the hippocampus, and the repla
262 , i.p.) on the morning of proestrus improved spatial learning scores 150-300%.
263 e propose that the role of ASIC1a in LTP and spatial learning should be reassessed.
264  from WNV-NS5-E218A-recovered mice with poor spatial learning show increased expression of genes that
265                               Impairments in spatial learning strategies in long-term reference (wate
266 dies in rodents have highlighted its role in spatial learning, supported by the discovery of place ce
267 that in the absence of zif268, training in a spatial learning task during this critical period fails
268                     The subjects completed a spatial learning task during which they learned destinat
269               Human subjects performed a 2 h spatial learning task, and rats underwent training for 1
270 oups performed similarly on the reward-based spatial learning task, we identified disturbances in bra
271 typically considered a hippocampus-dependent spatial learning task.
272  subjects were tested on a Morris water maze spatial learning task.
273 y RSC inactivation disrupts performance in a spatial learning task.
274 ent mice displayed enhanced performance in a spatial learning task; however, their long-term memory r
275 he adult mouse brain improved performance in spatial learning tasks and enhanced hippocampal long-ter
276   These deficits included impairments in two spatial learning tasks and in contextual discrimination.
277 h these lesions were impaired on a series of spatial learning tasks, namely delayed-matching-to-place
278 gicus) movement characteristics on analogous spatial learning tasks.
279  in several hippocampus-dependent contextual/spatial learning tasks.
280 type (WT) and En2(-/-) mice before and after spatial learning testing.
281  version of the Morris Water Maze, a test of spatial learning that, in mice, is also associated with
282  LXRs exhibit altered motor coordination and spatial learning, thinner myelin sheaths, and reduced my
283 s are also reconfigured during goal-oriented spatial learning through modification of inputs from pyr
284                                              Spatial learning thus engages circuit modifications in t
285 ual experience and the use of technology for spatial learning to better understand the nature of the
286 revious findings of stress impairing LTP and spatial learning to CRS modifying physical properties of
287 ble way to gain insight into how animals use spatial learning to guide their movement decisions.
288 ace is crucial to understand how animals use spatial learning to navigate across space because memory
289 rain activation associated with reward-based spatial learning versus a control condition in which rew
290                                              Spatial learning was assessed at 2weeks and 3months post
291 ng performance, and in monkeys we found that spatial learning was enhanced in conditions that increas
292 tual fear conditioning, as both cue fear and spatial learning were intact in these mice.
293                    Sensorimotor function and spatial learning were measured.
294                            LTP induction and spatial learning were robust, however, when assessed on
295 the cue-response task facilitated subsequent spatial learning, whereas experience with spatial naviga
296 ry synaptic function and deficits in LTP and spatial learning, which can be reversed by a mitogen-act
297 any one of these systems results in impaired spatial learning, while activating the nicotinic recepto
298 ter Maze is a widely used task in studies of spatial learning with rodents.
299 al connectivity, SynCAM 1 expression affects spatial learning, with knock-out mice learning better.
300  delay rather than a permanent deficiency in spatial learning without affecting the retention of long

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