ライフサイエンスコーパス: specialization

1 , functional network integrity and J-protein specialization.

2 s of gene expression to infer new functional specialization.

3 ress genomic changes associated with dietary specialization.

4 isotype dictates the hallmarks of CEM cilia specialization.

5 rganelles, and many features lack structural specialization.

6 evational ranges, likely reflecting climatic specialization.

7 which can promote adaptation and functional specialization.

8 ure arises through a blend of redundancy and specialization.

9 in alternative hosts may contribute to virus specialization.

10 st likely candidate genes for this pathotype specialization.

11 erned by evolutionary novelty and functional specialization.

12 plays a major role in determining functional specialization.

13 o reveals high levels of microbial substrate specialization.

14 cific differences in physiology and foraging specialization.

15 truct using the notion of evolved functional specialization.

16 t, suggesting an evolutionary path for motor specialization.

17 barrier (BTB) and at the apical ectoplasmic specialization.

18 tion of key residues, have led to functional specialization.

19 This can lead to ecological specialization.

20 roduction of a food surplus and occupational specialization.

21 ration, each exhibiting different degrees of specialization.

22 ed their collaboration networks and research specializations.

23 uggests regions of the cortex have different specializations.

24 f Australian passerines with diverse trophic specializations.

25 opment and evolution of human nervous system specializations.

26 tion and that underlie our unique behavioral specializations.

27 thus the formation of postsynaptic membrane specializations.

28 es exhibit prevalent signatures of metabolic specialization?

29 e these species to resist diversification or specialization?

30 ixed and in some arthropods, include further specialization--a tripartite system with a soldier caste

31 using on the hippocampus, its subfields, and specialization along its longitudinal axis, along with i

32 scranial magnetic stimulation revealed clear specialization along the rostrocaudal axis such that the

33 that generate waves, whether central circuit specializations also exist to control their propagation

34 Metabolic specialization among major brain cell types is central t

35 Heterogeneity and functional specialization among skin-resident macrophages are incom

36 ibril assembly, and that there is functional specialization among TpnC isoforms in Drosophila.

37 we describe how intrinsic and circuit-level specializations among thalamocortical loops may determin

38 entification of traits that underpin habitat specialization and associated functional traits that inf

39 The case emphasizes the importance of specialization and communication in science and is broad

40 h other because of their different levels of specialization and complementarity within long-term stab

41 inimization, and the emergence of functional specialization and complex dynamics.

42 ory and skill-intensive foraging niche favor specialization and create interdependence [12, 13], thus

43 lity that there may be unexpected functional specialization and even adaptive capabilities among NK c

44 ed much attention, but their true functional specialization and evolutionary origins remain obscure.

45 Specialization and generalization are dynamic - not fixe

46 The balance between specialization and generalization at different scales is

47 esults reveal unique intra-tissue macrophage specialization and identify neuro-immune communication b

48 results provide evidence of both functional specialization and integration within AI and mACC, and s

49 by demonstrating the coexistence of sensory specialization and MD functionality, especially in visua

50 With increasing specialization and multicellularity, C3 evolved a secret

51 align the coevolution of the species towards specialization and mutually beneficial cooperation.

52 epeat synthesis derive from both active site specialization and new motif elaborations in protein and

53 s challenge widely accepted models of tissue specialization and significantly advance efforts to repl

54 for the study of early stages of ecological specialization and speciation.

55 ring a complex task show a moderate level of specialization and structure that is not replicated by a

56 ely to respectively reflect their functional specialization and their greater capacity for altering n

57 picture of the advanced stage of plant cell specialization and to reveal novel participants potentia

58 phatic vessel responses are shaped by tissue specialization and uncover a role for continuous DLL4 si

59 ing the anatomical underpinnings of cortical specialization and, potentially, selective vulnerability

60 lin-1 (Cav-1) is a key organizer of membrane specializations and a scaffold protein that regulates si

61 -3 also controls the assembly of presynaptic specializations and ensures the coordinated expression o

62 e key insights into the evolution of hearing specializations and feeding strategies in early whales.

63 is driven by the interplay of morphological specializations and neuromuscular control mechanisms [1-

64 e borders and was required for the identity, specializations and segregation of border cells.

65 f neurotransmitter receptors in postsynaptic specializations and suggest that they do not play a majo

66 differentiated selves - identifiability and specialization - and to identify conditions under which

67 nalizes early, often in the absence of other specialization, and (3) how shifting social conditions a

68 adaptability of this RBP, enabling neuronal specialization, and potentially responding to disease-re

69 t that visual experience contributes to VWFA specialization, and that different neural implementation

70 is barrier (BTB), and the apical ectoplasmic specialization (apical ES; a testis-specific, actin-rich

71 Factors that govern tissue macrophage specialization are emerging.

72 l characterization, the factors driving Treg specialization are largely unknown.

73 cific anatomical distribution and phenotypic specialization are linked to protective efficacy of memo

74 The mechanisms that underlie this specialization are not well understood.

75 that conservation, neofunctionalization, and specialization are three main evolutionary processes for

76 y, virulence, fungicide resistance, and host specialization, as genome sequences or large numbers of

77 bes can divide tasks to reap the benefits of specialization, as in human economies.

78 y cilium and this balance requires molecular specialization at an early stage of the secretory pathwa

79 These findings suggest a neural specialization at birth characterized by the lateralizat

80 lowers, thus favouring trait convergence and specialization at community level.

81 Recent findings indicate a high level of specialization at the level of microcircuits and cell po

82 regenerated BCs succeed in forming synaptic specializations at their axon terminals, but in excess o

83 c-Maf appears to function primarily in Treg specialization, because IL-10 production, expression of

84 ugh niche expansion is dependent on foraging specialization being consistent over space and time.

85 ributable to competition rather than edaphic specialization, but that soil heterogeneity may play a k

86 rsity in microhabitat occupation and trophic specializations, but information on how vision relates t

87 romotes the initial organization of synaptic specializations, but subsequent synaptic stabilization r

88 species and brain region-specific astrocyte specializations, but the extent of astrocyte diversity a

89 We discuss how host specialization can enable aphids to co-opt both the phyt

90 Animals with dietary specializations can be used to link climate to specific

91 ntra-species variation, compensating for the specialization capacity of pathogens.

92 erience (early vs late career), and surgical specialization-categorized as general surgery (GS), surg

93 s part of the tubulin code, controls ciliary specialization, ciliary motor-based transport, and cilia

94 stages than BGLC1 We propose that functional specialization could explain the separate localization o

95 ls over their differentiation and functional specialization, critically limiting understanding of cor

96 ges exhibit a high degree of gene-expression specialization dependent on their proximity to the gut l

97 ditions, and time, which suggests functional specialization despite following the same general design

98 hing, thus promoting the process of resource specialization during the incipient stages of sympatric

99 nt levels of aggregation, is a key driver of specialization dynamics.

100 e been proposed to serve distinct functional specializations, e.g. processing of color, form and moti

101 Over the short term, specialization ensures conspecific pollen transfer, wher

102 n failure) and misarrangement of ectoplasmic specialization (ES) in testes, thus impairing spermiogen

103 des male fertility by disrupting ectoplasmic specialization (ES; a testis-specific, actin-rich anchor

104 ut the possible role of SRM, or whether such specializations exhibit limitations for sound source seg

105 ression and fulfill the demands for cellular specialization, expansion, and maintenance.

106 ivorous, omnivorous, and herbivorous dietary specializations, focusing on Felidae (domestic cat, tige

107 functions of short and long-term patterns of specialization for bumblebee colonies.

108 c virus saturation limits in cells and virus specialization for different cell types.

109 , in a mechanically coupled auditory system, specialization for directional hearing does not contribu

110 hroughout these scaffolds provide functional specialization for each enzyme's cognate reaction.

111 pithecus oswaldi lineage preceded the dental specialization for grazing but occurred after they were

112 otypic characterization suggests a conserved specialization for growth on cellulose.

113 The dentition shows only modest specialization for herbivory, consistent with its basal

114 al differences are accompanied by functional specialization for learning and decision-making.

115 In children, this left hemispheric cortical specialization for letter strings is typically detected

116 de (Hydnophytinae), with different levels of specialization for mutualistic ant symbionts, to study t

117 any hypothesis that incorporates hemispheric specialization for processing different aspects of visua

118 cortex in the gyrus (ACCg) shows a degree of specialization for processing others' versus one's own r

119 Here we show that the specialization for relative disparity is highly immature

120 Recent studies have revealed a specialization for sensing 3D motion in area MT, the cor

121 ound in separate individuals, allows greater specialization for sex-specific functions and can be adv

122 Its neuronal population revealed a specialization for shape processing, even for abstract g

123 , our study demonstrates that thymus medulla specialization for thymic tolerance segregates from medu

124 Because it is unclear how this specialization for upright (compared to inverted) face p

125 ave evolved unique anatomical and behavioral specializations for approaching and subduing their prey,

126 Postcranial specializations for arboreality in the earliest primates

127 ivation of TGF-beta demonstrate evolutionary specializations for force application through the TGF-be

128 nct clones within a mixed population display specialization, for example, dominating the primary tumo

129 e terminal, synaptic cleft, and postsynaptic specialization form a transcellular unit to enable effic

130 This finding extends evidence of LOC specialization from early childhood into infancy and ear

131 g context-dependent patterning and stem-cell-specialization genes.

132 ng Neotropical cichlids such that pharyngeal specialization has increased access to otherwise poorly

133 cells to exhibit microbe-specific functional specialization has not been thoroughly investigated.

134 rs might increase capture success because of specialization in a lateralized attack, but at the cost

135 n patients treated by providers with greater specialization in arrhythmias (60.0%, 62.4%, and 67.0% f

136 Pollen specialization in bees occurs not for efficient pollinat

137 plified body plan characterized by a loss of specialization in both abdominal and thoracic appendages

138 iology, a fledgling discipline that combines specialization in cardiovascular diseases with knowledge

139 h metabolites contribute most to this tissue specialization in contrast to those metabolites exhibiti

140 Ciliary specialization in form and function is observed througho

141 , but little is known about their functional specialization in humans.

142 d at high densities-assumes a degree of host specialization in interactions between plants and natura

143 l expression, leading to increased levels of specialization in larger gene families.

144 nt study suggest modality-dependent membrane specialization in M-cell dendrites suited for processing

145 PRC1 are not detectably required, suggesting specialization in mechanical function.

146 tion to distinct modality-dependent membrane specialization in neighbouring dendrites of the Mauthner

147 Here, we explore tissue-level metabolic specialization in Nicotiana attenuata, an ecological mod

148 chondria can modulate subcellular functional specialization in photoreceptors.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT

149 ctive enzymes (CAZymes) that reflect extreme specialization in starch utilization.

150 development has a major effect on functional specialization in the human cortex.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMEN

151 LNP1 and ArPPLNP2 but our data also indicate specialization in the roles of neuropeptides derived fro

152 gest that pH is an important driver of niche specialization in these organisms.

153 ts contrast with the proposition that social specializations in early ontogeny should be restricted t

154 Thus, the specializations in gerbils and their absence in mice sug

155 nomics insight into the evolution of dietary specializations in mammals.

156 ) than in other (sub)orders, possibly due to specializations in muscle fiber composition and musculos

157 pite a detailed understanding of the circuit specializations in retina that generate waves, whether c

158 Consistent with their functional specializations in sexual reproduction and gene expressi

159 Synaptic vesicles fuse at morphological specializations in the presynaptic terminal termed activ

160 sects exhibit a wide diversity of anatomical specializations in their adult and immature stages assoc

161 iptional networks that govern secretory cell specialization, including instructing cells to develop a

162 bits otherwise characteristically chimaeroid specializations, including the otic labyrinth arrangemen

163 nd inferior colliculi, but potential somatic specializations indicate that the somatosensory system i

164 There was no specialization; instead, in biparental families, direct

165 ding their stability, homing, and functional specialization; integrating these basic science discover

166 ensity and competition schedules, as well as specialization into one sport.

167 ose with advanced sociality, is reproductive specialization into worker and queen castes.

168 This specialization is associated with distinct regulation of

169 This functional specialization is attributed to its typical organized to

170 Hominin dietary specialization is crucial to understanding the evolution

171 asics suggests that occipito-temporal cortex specialization is driven largely by inherited connectivi

172 , and that a fundamental factor driving this specialization is its preferential intrinsic functional

173 Yet, the role of microbial substrate specialization is largely unexplored since substrate uti

174 Current evidence for HPM specialization is mostly indirect, derived from correlat

175 Cellular specialization is particularly prominent in mammalian ne

176 Ecological specialization likely operated synergistically with mode

177 it, our findings indicate that physiological specialization may be favored under shorter-term climati

178 Our results show that early diet specialization may be reinforced by the elevated costs o

179 potamus retina supports the notion that this specialization may enhance visual sampling in the poster

180 rate as well as the effects that early prey specialization may have on the ability to process other

181 n improvements associated with lifetime task specialization, members of colonies can specialize on a

182 They name specialization, moral responsibility, and efficiency as

183 iated roles that improve performance through specialization, moral responsibility, and efficiency.

184 ive isolation is coupled with extensive gene specialization, natural selection, and elevated genetic

185 zation sensitive midband ommatidia show some specializations not found in the lamina serving the uppe

186 the African elephant brain indicate that the specializations observed in the extant elephant brain ar

187 Hordeum murinum, on which distinct parasitic specialization occurs.

188 e duplication event permitted the functional specialization of a transcription factor through changes

189 These results reveal intratissue specialization of anti-inflammatory T cells shaped by di

190 ide insights into the cellular and molecular specialization of axoglial signalling, how pharmacologic

191 Functional specialization of cells is among the most fundamental pr

192 The evolution of multicellularity enabled specialization of cells, but required novel signalling m

193 vation domain, and highlights the functional specialization of channel domains.

194 Such high specialization of class II CPRs in planta highlights the

195 Functional specialization of community participants, often originat

196 rovide compelling evidence of an operational specialization of CPR isoforms in Catharanthus roseus (M

197 The origin and functional specialization of dermal macrophages in cutaneous infect

198 and point to both functional commonality and specialization of different BF cell types.

199 chanistically distinct phases, which involve specialization of distinct Polycomb components to delive

200 to investigate the molecular and functional specialization of DPANs within the trigeminal nociceptiv

201 to perform a centered local search is not a specialization of Drosophila but rather represents an an

202 einforced by physiological and morphological specialization of each sex to different microhabitats.

203 ech-in-noise perception suggests hemispheric specialization of endogenous oscillatory activity may su

204 of PTMs and the tubulin code in the ciliary specialization of EV-releasing neurons using genetics, f

205 acteristic of multicellular organisms is the specialization of functional cell types through the proc

206 f glycan transport in defining the metabolic specialization of gut bacteria.

207 grained memory detail, supporting functional specialization of hippocampal-cortical networks.

208 ereas the factors controlling the functional specialization of human macrophages are less known.

209 enterocytes may contribute to the functional specialization of intestinal subregions.

210 d and valued) rather than social regulation (specialization of labor).

211 callosum development has on the hemispheric specialization of language is poorly understood.

212 water's surface [5,6], and we posit that the specialization of lateralized feeding strategies may enh

213 We conclude that the functional specialization of Loqs-PD in Drosophila is a recently de

214 Thus, WAPL-1 promotes functional specialization of meiotic cohesin: WAPL-1-sensitive COH-

215 ghts into the evolution and species-specific specialization of mitochondrial translation.

216 patterning, rostral-caudal boundary setting, specialization of myotome subdivisions or the specific R

217 We found a progressive functional specialization of neural responses along these areas, wi

218 ndings provide insights into region-specific specialization of neurovascular communication, with spec

219 unication enabled and evolved as a result of specialization of organs.

220 In contrast, biotic specialization of plants is not related to climatic nich

221 hat the design template for the evolutionary specialization of platelets shares remarkable similariti

222 Understanding the relative specialization of regions within the MD cortex is crucia

223 formal start of the professionalization and specialization of surgery in the United States.

224 llowing us to scrutinize the development and specialization of teleost CD4(+) leukocytes in vivo.

225 A linear classifier based on the specialization of the caudate nucleus distinguished pati

226 ularly important as it shapes the functional specialization of the face-processing cortex during deve

227 nd-capping elements present in Tmods and the specialization of the highly conserved ABS2 for recruitm

228 The results demonstrate functional specialization of the left dHb-IPN pathway in attenuatin

229 We find surprisingly adult-like functional specialization of the LOC by 6 months of age: infants ex

230 This specialization of the lymphatic system is associated wit

231 and that tyrosyl residues are the structural specialization of the molecule for the unique function o

232 the other major DDR-PARP, and highlights the specialization of the multi-domain architectures of DDR-

233 our results confirmed a sometimes overlooked specialization of the posterior caudate nucleus for exec

234 privation relates to the original functional specialization of the reorganized brain regions.

235 Pharyngognathy, a specialization of the second pair of jaws in the pharynx

236 of the cyclitol ethers reflects evolutionary specialization of these enzymes toward glycosides rather

237 tic retrieval, which mirrored the functional specialization of these regions during perception.

238 Functional specialization of tissues is underscored by six of 10 co

239 in an animal model, indicating that the host specialization of typhoid toxin has optimized its target

240 hick and pale stripes, suggesting functional specialization of V1-to-V2 CO streams.

241 Our results suggest that the duplication and specialization of vertebrate Endothelin signaling coinci

242 erve a key role in the increasing functional specialization of visual areas.

243 These data reveal previously overlooked specializations of amygdala PV-INs and indicate specific

244 ers make excitatory inputs onto postsynaptic specializations of CA3 pyramidal neurons termed thorny e

245 ting an unbiased insight into the functional specializations of DC subsets.

246 ical traits allows a better knowledge of the specializations of extinct mammals that evolved under st

247 In leon mutants, postsynaptic specializations of neuromuscular junctions are dramatica

248 emodeling process uses complex, actin-based, specializations of the plasma membrane termed invadopodi

249 In this study, we use the diet specialization often seen in polymorphic Arctic charr (S

250 a shift in resource use, from near complete specialization on native herbivores in wildlands to grea

251 Recurrent specialization on similar host plants offers a unique op

252 elative of D. yakuba whose intensely studied specialization on toxic noni fruits has always been cons

253 We found no evidence for reduced specialization or compensation with age.

254 We show that, despite increasing specialization over the last 30 years, fishing a set of

255 Once again, there was evidence of regional specialization: patients with lOFC lesions were unimpair

256 These observations suggest that anatomical specialization permits neural circuits to represent rele

257 could represent a common mimicry class with specialization possible along multiple axes such as frui

258 Second, these specializations predisposed individuals to pursue differ

259 ognized examples already exhibit many of the specializations present in modern forms.

260 Labor specialization promotes trade, while supply and demand a

261 eins occludin/ZO-1 and basal ES (ectoplasmic specialization) proteins N-cadherin/beta-catenin at stag

262 This need for specialization seems to conflict with the generalized na

263 We observed two mechanisms for functional specialization: structural stabilization of each loop co

264 ss of organization, professionalization, and specialization that began for various disciplines in Ame

265 ss of organization, professionalization, and specialization that began for various disciplines in Ame

266 d species abundance data, revealed substrate specialization that explained the successional pattern o

267 ence that at 6 months the LOC has functional specialization that is highly similar to adults.

268 he proximal tubule (PT) have unique membrane specializations that are required to maintain the high-c

269 in the low pN range and appear to be the key specializations that enable cell adhesion through integr

270 ogeneous, comprising subsets with functional specializations that play distinct roles in immunity as

271 Morphological specialization therefore constitutes an alternative path

272 othesis that the callosum aids in functional specialization throughout neural development and that th

273 ortance for humans too recently for neuronal specialization to be established by evolution.

274 nt potentiation (VDP), which appears to be a specialization to dampen the hyperexitability of neurons

275 ernatively, coexistence can be maintained by specialization to exploit spatial heterogeneity in the e

276 , which triggered extinction and progressive specialization toward a burrowing existence.

277 ng and sensory epithelial cells shape apical specializations using protocadherin-based adhesion.

278 impact for formulating hypotheses regarding specialization versus generalization in pollination mutu

279 Exclusivity of specialization was found for no other function anywhere

280 ck feathers, which reflected trophic (level) specialization, was nevertheless an effective and less t

281 To explore their specializations, we trained macaque monkeys on two tasks

282 r synthesis of signals that induce cell-type specialization were acquired by lateral gene transfer.

283 en the medical revolution and the process of specialization were just beginning.

284 rminal Schwann cells (tSCs) and postsynaptic specialization were visualized and analysed using confoc

285 herefore, c-Maf is a novel regulator of Treg specialization, which may integrate disparate signals to

286 Specific genomes show markers of this specialization, which often reflect a balance between ge

287 racheal membranes constitute a morphological specialization, which, through interaction with bronchia

288 p hunting: this would allow individual-level specialization, while still allowing for group-level unp

289 Furthermore, we found evidence of diet specialization with all fish maintaining a standard meta

290 is thought to be strongly linked to resource specialization with alternative resource use acting as a

291 t reconciles classical concepts of localized specialization with an appreciation for properties that

292 o evidence for this hemispheric and regional specialization with direct measures of brain activity.

293 looser federation of widely varying academic specializations with cognate knowledge of disease and ep

294 is (Arabidopsis thaliana) in CESA functional specialization, with roles for both subfunctionalization

295 , other studies argue for a lesser degree of specialization within PFC.

296 provide a precise functional map of regional specialization within the human striatum, both in terms

297 connectivity contributes to category-related specialization within the human ventral visual system.

298 ology, raising questions about evolution and specialization within this genus.

299 The cellular and molecular specialization within thymic stromal cells that enables

300 We find sublayer-specific arbor specializations within the inner plexiform layer (IPL) t