ライフサイエンスコーパス: spherical equivalent

1 cylinder, and in 28 subjects (68.3%) for the spherical equivalent.

2 it of agreement, -3.01 D to +1.13 D) for the spherical equivalent.

3 th complete data on age, sex, education, and spherical equivalent.

4 years) with myopia between -1.25 and -4.50 D spherical equivalent.

5 It was unrelated to education and baseline spherical equivalent.

6 lines, and 59% vs 43% were within +/-0.13 D spherical equivalent.

7 cal equivalent +/- 1.0 diopter (D) of target spherical equivalent.

8 had a significantly lower refractive error (spherical equivalent 0.078 vs. 0.99 diopters, P<0.0001),

9 Emmetropia (spherical equivalent -0.5 to 0 diopter) was achieved in

10 80 cm, -0.05 logMAR +/- 0.14; postoperative spherical equivalent, 0.26 D +/- 0.47; cylinder -0.34 D

11 0.08; binocular UIVA, -0.05 logMAR +/- 0.12; spherical equivalent, 0.34 D +/- 0.50; cylinder -0.39 D

12 ercentage of cases achieving a postoperative spherical equivalent +/- 1.0 diopter (D) of target spher

13 Ninety-three young persons with myopia (mean spherical equivalent, -3.0 +/- 1.8 D; age 16.8 +/- 2.1 y

14 Ten patients (mean age, 63 years; mean spherical equivalent, +4.7 D) had a median preoperative

15 (defined as -6.0 diopter [D] or worse, mean spherical equivalent -8.66 +/- 2.00 D) and 88 controls w

16 fraction (OR, 1.17 per 1-diopter increase in spherical equivalent; 95% CI, 1.11-1.24).

17 genome-wide linkage analyses of refraction (spherical equivalent adjusted for age, education, and nu

18 her intraocular pressure, and more hyperopic spherical equivalent (all P < .001).

19 In total, 15404 individuals with data on spherical equivalent and 9074 individuals with data on a

20 ctors, measure severity, and correlate it to spherical equivalent and central visual acuity (VA).

21 etropia was calculated in clinical notation (spherical equivalent and cylinder) and in two forms of v

22 Manifest refraction spherical equivalent and cylindrical power improvement w

23 rmula with respect to the error in predicted spherical equivalent and evaluated the effect of applyin

24 Spherical equivalent and keratometry readings showed a s

25 hildren, with significant differences in the spherical equivalent and maximum and minimum keratometry

26 pairment is associated with axial length and spherical equivalent and may be unavoidable at the most

27 sitively associated with spherical power and spherical equivalent and negatively associated with axia

28 Mean spherical equivalent and postgestational age at the last

29 ction 1 month after surgery was converted to spherical equivalent and prediction error (predicted ref

30 Manifest refraction spherical equivalent and spherical and cylindrical power

31 ildren with myopia between -1.25 and -4.50 D spherical equivalent and without eye or systemic conditi

32 fraction error greater than -2 diopters (D) (spherical equivalent) and typical myopic optic disc morp

33 Refractive error (spherical equivalent) and visual acuity scores were obta

34 hs postoperatively for measurement of BSCVA, spherical equivalent, and IOP.

35 In univariate analyses, axial length, spherical equivalent, and mean deviation were correlated

36 aluate the association between axial length, spherical equivalent, and the risk of visual impairment

37 ctor dioptric distance is more accurate than spherical equivalent anisometropia or cylindrical anisom

38 in regards to postoperative manifest sphere, spherical equivalent, astigmatism, safety indices nor oc

39 Postoperative spherical equivalent averaged 0.78 diopters (0.49-1.07)

40 rformed at both loci using refractive error (spherical equivalent), axial length, corneal curvature,

41 Spherical equivalent became more positive in the younges

42 Spherical equivalent became more positive in the younges

43 sed body mass index (beta, -0.15; P = .001), spherical equivalent (beta, 0.70; P < .001), and higher

44 ected visual acuity between 20/20 and 20/25, spherical equivalent between +/-3 diopters, and no syste

45 etween -2.00 and -9.62 D) and 20 emmetropes (spherical equivalent between -0.50 and +0.50 D) with ast

46 Thirty-one myopes (spherical equivalent between -2.00 and -9.62 D) and 20 e

47 Despite large differences in spherical equivalent between manifest refraction and aut

48 tinoscopy refractive findings for sphere and spherical equivalents, but underestimated hyperopia or o

49 Secondary outcomes were spherical equivalent, contrast sensitivity, corneal aber

50 ranged in age from 22.9 to 64.5 years, with spherical equivalent corrections ranging from +0.5 to -6

51 refractive error (the difference between the spherical equivalent cycloplegic autorefraction 30 degre

52 refractive error (the difference between the spherical equivalent cycloplegic autorefraction 30 degre

53 Myopia (< -0.5 diopter [D] spherical equivalent) declined with age, whereas hyperop

54 The mean (SD) spherical equivalent differed between PlusOptix A09 and

55 ce visual acuity (UDVA), manifest refraction spherical equivalent, endothelial cell count, and advers

56 The postoperative spherical equivalent fell within +/-0.50 D, +/-1.00 D, a

57 Mean spherical equivalent for the amblyopic eyes was +3.57 di

58 -cylindrical correction) or RMS based on the spherical equivalent for the eye with lower refractive e

59 Mean spherical equivalent for zone I ROP eyes treated with IV

60 nt decrease in both keratometry readings and spherical equivalent (from -4.0 to -1.56 diopters) was a

61 of 120 eyes of 83 patients with high myopia (spherical equivalent >/=-6 diopters or axial length >/=2

62 uter segment, gestational age at birth, sex, spherical equivalent, history of laser treatment, and de

63 Significant changes in spherical equivalent in adults occur over a 10-year peri

64 Mean spherical equivalent in amblyopic eyes was -10.79 +/- 3.

65 Spherical equivalent in the more extreme eye was used to

66 The intraclass correlation coefficient for spherical equivalents indicated good agreement between c

67 Refraction, as measured by spherical equivalent, is the need for an external lens t

68 e converted into power vector components: M (spherical equivalent), J(0) (positive J(0) indicates WTR

69 Prevalence of myopic refractive error (spherical equivalent less than -0.50 diopters) and area

70 Myopia/hyperopia were defined as spherical equivalent < -0.5 diopters (D)/> +0.5 D, and t

71 Myopia and hyperopia were defined as a spherical equivalent <-0.5 diopters and >+0.5 diopters,

72 were defined as 1. Myopia onset (cycloplegic spherical equivalent </= -0.5 diopter in non-myopic chil

73 Myopia was defined as a mean spherical equivalent </=-0.75 diopters.

74 The mean spherical equivalent measured by cycloplegic autorefract

75 phere and cylinder on subjective refraction, spherical equivalent, minimum simulated keratometry valu

76 The final manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE) achieved then was compared w

77 square error (MSE), and manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE) results of surgeons with >50

78 Manifest refractive spherical equivalent (MRSE) was within +/-0.50 D of the

79 A), keratometry (K), and manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE) were evaluated pre- and post

80 ed visual acuity (UCVA), manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE), and Scheimpflug imaging fro

81 visual acuity (UDVA, CDVA), mean refractive spherical equivalent (MRSE), keratometry, endothelial ce

82 rative and postoperative manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE), preoperative and postoperat

83 e pre- and postoperative manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE), uncorrected (UDVA) and best

84 as linearly related to preoperative manifest spherical equivalent (MSE) for myopic PRK and LASIK (P<0

85 to enrich the families for myopia; the mean spherical equivalent (MSE) refractive error (SD) was -1.

86 l risk markers for RE, measured here as mean spherical equivalent (MSE).

87 +/- 4.4 years), eight emmetropes (EMMs; mean spherical equivalent [MSE] refractive error +/- SD: 0.05

88 The effects on refraction (mean spherical equivalent [MSE]) and vitreous chamber depth (

89 The gender- and age-specific prevalence of spherical equivalent myopia in phakic eyes was calculate

90 The sibling risk increases with the level of spherical equivalent myopia in the proband.

91 n and refractive errors, linkage analysis of spherical equivalent, myopia, and hyperopia in the Beave

92 he hypermetropia study, patients with a mean spherical equivalent of < +3.00 D and significant anisom

93 ractions in the monovision arm showed a mean spherical equivalent of +0.075 D in the distance eye and

94 - 0.11 logMAR and a mean manifest refraction spherical equivalent of -0.06 +/- 0.56 D were found.

95 afety index was 1.25 (0.57), with a manifest spherical equivalent of -0.5 D at 1-year postoperatively

96 Myopia was defined as a mean spherical equivalent of -0.75 diopters or less.

97 Myopia was defined as a spherical equivalent of -1.0 diopters (D) or less, hyper

98 asured at baseline, with myopia defined as a spherical equivalent of -1.00 D or less, emmetropia as -

99 be respected in patients with a preoperative spherical equivalent of -20 D.

100 Affected individuals had a mean dioptric spherical equivalent of -22.00 sphere.

101 cells/mm(2) in patients with a preoperative spherical equivalent of -25 diopters (D).

102 diopters; 796 persons had high myopia (ie, a spherical equivalent of -6 diopters or less).

103 and 39% (4.9) for those aged 75 years with a spherical equivalent of -6 diopters or less.

104 Refractive status was derived from the spherical equivalent of autorefraction.

105 Moreover, the spherical equivalent of children with INS demonstrated l

106 en 20 and 40 years, who had at least -0.50 D spherical equivalent of myopia in both eyes, three or mo

107 orefraction data were collected to calculate spherical equivalent of refraction in diopters (D) and f

108 ting for other factors, the 5-year change in spherical equivalent of those 45, 55, 65, and 75 years o

109 measurements and refractive error values (in spherical equivalent) of the cases were obtained, the pe

110 ectively (P < .001), while a 1-U increase in spherical equivalent or estimated glomerular filtration

111 Changes in spherical equivalent over a 5-year period were small.

112 dard group showed significant improvement in spherical equivalent (P < .05), K-readings (P < .05), Q

113 n cycloplegic retinoscopy for the sphere and spherical equivalent (P < 0.0001 for both) but was in go

114 A significantly more myopic spherical equivalent (P < 0.001), worse VA (P < 0.001),

115 e (P = 0.032), axial length (P < 0.001), and spherical equivalent (P < 0.001).

116 Vitreous length predicted postoperative spherical equivalent (P = .03).

117 7), vertical cup-to-disc ratio (P = .51), or spherical equivalent (P = .08).

118 al cell density (P = .053) and the change in spherical equivalent (P = .145) did not differ significa

119 4, P < .0005), but not with age (P = .59) or spherical equivalent (P = .16).

120 tance factor (P = 0.04) and more myopic mean spherical equivalent (P = 0.02).

121 The change in spherical equivalent peripheral refractive error at 30 d

122 lly different, but highly correlated for the spherical equivalent power (r = 0.92), the cylinder powe

123 The range of differences in spherical equivalent power was large (-8.6 to 4.9).

124 thus producing massive blur while having no spherical equivalent power.

125 Spherical equivalent ranged from -25 to +14 diopters; 79

126 The number of myopic parents (mean spherical equivalent refraction </=-0.75 D) was directly

127 imum angle of resolution [logMAR]), manifest spherical equivalent refraction (D), central corneal thi

128 Mean age was 10.7+/-3.1 years, average spherical equivalent refraction (SE) was -0.02+/-1.77(-4

129 including age, gender, duration of symptoms, spherical equivalent refraction (SE), internal limiting

130 lur (AAPUB) and push-up to blur (AAMLB), and spherical equivalent refraction (SEQ).

131 Myopes had spherical equivalent refraction (SER) of the less ametro

132 eal thickness (CT), lens thickness (LT), and spherical equivalent refraction (SER).

133 The manifest spherical equivalent refraction changed on average by +0

134 RPR was calculated by subtracting the foveal spherical equivalent refraction from that obtained at ea

135 Myopia was defined as a spherical equivalent refraction of </=-0.50 diopters (D)

136 Myopia was defined as spherical equivalent refraction of -0.50 D with unaided

137 the patients was 51 +/- 3 years with a mean spherical equivalent refraction of -1.08 +/- 2.62 diopte

138 an increasing myopia with a mean decrease in spherical equivalent refraction of 0.24 diopters per yea

139 group) was defined as the difference in mean spherical equivalent refraction of both eyes obtained by

140 Mean spherical equivalent refraction showed a significant dec

141 Mean (SD) preoperative spherical equivalent refraction was -19.36 (6.7) diopter

142 Mean preoperative spherical equivalent refraction was -7.25+/-1.84 diopter

143 Mean spherical equivalent refraction was reduced (P < 0.0001)

144 Mean spherical equivalent refraction was used as a quantitati

145 ntitative trait association analyses of mean spherical equivalent refraction were performed on 30 mar

146 y with and without correction, age, sex, and spherical equivalent refraction were recorded at the tim

147 sion, hypercholesterolemia, body mass index, spherical equivalent refraction, and C:D ratio, narrower

148 he effect of proband covariates of age, sex, spherical equivalent refraction, index birth order, and

149 perative change in HOA and preoperative mean spherical equivalent refraction, mean astigmatism, and p

150 Secondary outcome measures included spherical equivalent refraction, visual fields, electror

151 rs (D) and hyperopia as >/=+2.00 D right eye spherical equivalent refraction.

152 n keratometry, keratometric astigmatism, and spherical equivalent refraction.

153 Average spherical equivalent refractions were -0.13 +/- 0.46 dio

154 The mean preoperative spherical equivalent refractions were -7.48 +/- 5.00 dio

155 Mean (SD) spherical equivalent refractions were as follows: zone I

156 Spherical equivalent refractive data from the right eye

157 traocular surgery, 53.2% were myopic, with a spherical equivalent refractive error > -1 D, 23.4% had

158 ation (P < 0.001), and magnitude of absolute spherical equivalent refractive error (P<0.001).

159 years compared to preoperative values, mean spherical equivalent refractive error (SEQ) increased by

160 The mean preoperative spherical equivalent refractive error (SEQ) was -5.13 D

161 Change in spherical equivalent refractive error (SER) and ocular c

162 eased by 9.8% for each additional diopter of spherical equivalent refractive error (SER) toward myopi

163 orefractor was used to determine cycloplegic spherical equivalent refractive error (SPHEQ).

164 cts, ages 7 to 53 (median 16) years and mean spherical equivalent refractive error -0.68 D (range, -3

165 tion of Myopia Evaluation Trial (COMET; mean spherical equivalent refractive error -2.35 D with no mo

166 ed their association in multivariate models: spherical equivalent refractive error at baseline, paren

167 bjects between 18 and 50 years of age with a spherical equivalent refractive error between +0.50 and

168 0 (exophoria) to 5 (constant exotropia) and spherical equivalent refractive error between -6.00 diop

169 Both the mean and SD for spherical equivalent refractive error decreased between

170 10-year examination, there was a decrease in spherical equivalent refractive error from hyperopia to

171 Fifty-six consecutive patients with spherical equivalent refractive error of at least 6 diop

172 lyopia, there is a decrease in amblyopic eye spherical equivalent refractive error to less hyperopia

173 Spherical equivalent refractive error was -2.82 +/- 1.65

174 The mean spherical equivalent refractive error was 3.12 1.87 diop

175 egression models evaluated whether change in spherical equivalent refractive error was associated wit

176 The spherical equivalent refractive error was measured by cy

177 Spherical equivalent refractive error was the single bes

178 category, after adjusting for age, baseline spherical equivalent refractive error, and type of ambly

179 d vitreous chamber depths, axial length, and spherical equivalent refractive error, was investigated.

180 e of pubertal development, axial length, and spherical equivalent refractive error.

181 ost influential factor in emmetropization of spherical equivalent refractive error.

182 ral and superior-inferior asymmetries in the spherical equivalent refractive errors.

183 Spherical equivalent refractive outcomes and their distr

184 , endothelial cell density (ECD), refractive spherical equivalent, refractive cylinder, and topograph

185 alculated as the difference between the mean spherical equivalent responses obtained at the two dista

186 re (sbeta = -0.085; P < .001), a more myopic spherical equivalent (sbeta = 0.152; P < .001), and pres

187 0 patients in the presbyopic age group (mean spherical equivalent SE +2.38 D +/- 0.71 D and mean age

188 1.5 years; P = .023), to have higher myopic spherical equivalent (SE) at baseline (-3.6 +/- 1.3 D vs

189 four myopic children aged 6 to 11 years with spherical equivalent (SE) cycloplegic autorefraction bet

190 y-five children (age range, 6-11 years) with spherical equivalent (SE) cycloplegic autorefraction bet

191 The mean spherical equivalent (SE) in the right eyes was +0.60 di

192 as a 0.25-diopter (D) or more difference in spherical equivalent (SE) or in cylinder power and 2 app

193 uity (BSCVA) with astigmatism (cylinder) and spherical equivalent (SE) over 5 years of follow-up.

194 In each case, the difference between actual spherical equivalent (SE) refraction and that predicted

195 Spherical equivalent (SE) refraction was assessed using

196 AL stabilized at month 3 while ACD and spherical equivalent (SE) stabilized at week 1.

197 ve surgery, the eye with the larger absolute spherical equivalent (SE) value for each participant was

198 ngth (AL) was 23.33 +/- 0.89 mm; the average spherical equivalent (SE) value was -0.27 +/- 0.99 diopt

199 The spherical equivalent (SE) was determined by noncyclopleg

200 e emmetropia was considered if the resulting spherical equivalent (SE) was within +/-1.00 D.

201 Distributions and mean spherical equivalent (SE) were calculated for main affec

202 Fourteen eyes (26.9%) had spherical equivalent (SE) within +/-0.5 D of emmetropia

203 pia status was defined using sphere (SPH) or spherical equivalent (SE), and analyses assessed the ass

204 l pneumatonometry (IOPs), axial length (AL), spherical equivalent (SE), and central corneal thickness

205 32 and 36 months, and changes in cycloplegic spherical equivalent (SE), axial length (AL), visual acu

206 in corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), spherical equivalent (SE), flat keratometry, steep kerat

207 th groups were matched for age, preoperative spherical equivalent (SE), mean keratometry, and percent

208 Refractive error, expressed as spherical equivalent (SE), was coded as a continuous tra

209 regression approach and correlated NBSL with spherical equivalent (SE).

210 Myopia and high myopia were defined as spherical equivalents (SE) of less than -0.5 diopter (D)

211 ho underwent cycloplegia, 58% had hyperopia (spherical equivalent [SE] >/=+0.50 diopter [D]), mean of

212 Myopic eyes (spherical equivalent [SE] <-0.5 diopter [D]) were less l

213 Analyses were based on spherical equivalent (SEQ), anisometropia, astigmatism,

214 The baseline mean spherical equivalent similarly did not differ significan

215 On average, manifest refraction gave a spherical equivalent that was 1.04 D more plus than auto

216 In addition, for every 1 D increase in spherical equivalent, there was a 30% increase of having

217 automatic refractor, continuous measures of spherical equivalent, total astigmatism, and corneal ast

218 The spherical equivalent value with non-cycloplegic PlusOpti

219 fects explained 16% (95% CI, 15%-18%) of the spherical equivalent variance, respectively.

220 temporal approach according to the change in spherical equivalent, visual acuity, and endothelial cel

221 (SIA), changes in corneal aberrations and in spherical equivalent, visual acuity, endothelial cell de

222 Overall change in spherical equivalent was +0.43 diopters (D; range, -1.17

223 Mean spherical equivalent was -0.04 +/- 0.321 D 3 months post

224 Postoperative mean spherical equivalent was -0.17 +/- 0.34 diopter.

225 Mean preoperative spherical equivalent was -0.2 +/- 2.5 Diopter (D) (-4.0D

226 Refractive spherical equivalent was -0.3 +/- 2.8 D (n = 27) preoper

227 to 20/25, and the mean attempted enhancement spherical equivalent was -0.50+/-0.86 D.

228 Spherical equivalent was -1.82 +/- 2.7 diopters (D) and

229 Mean postoperative spherical equivalent was -3.4 +/- 1.2 diopters.

230 The mean spherical equivalent was -8.93 +/- 5.69 diopters.

231 The mean refractive error in spherical equivalent was -9.03 +/- 5.11 diopters (D) and

232 Mean spherical equivalent was 0.05 +/- 0.32 D 3 months postop

233 and 2, respectively, and mean postoperative spherical equivalent was 0.44 +/- 1.8 D and -1.8 +/- 4.2

234 Mean spherical equivalent was 0.65 diopter (D) and 0.51 D, an

235 Mean preoperative spherical equivalent was 1.54 +/- 2.59 diopters (D) and

236 Spherical equivalent was associated with age (towards hy

237 studies showed that each diopter increase in spherical equivalent was associated with increased odds

238 er-seeing eye; the corrected acuity with the spherical equivalent was not more than 1 line less than

239 The change between final and baseline mean spherical equivalents were -0.05 D, 0 D, -1.05 D for the

240 In the multifocal arm, the mean distance spherical equivalents were -0.279 D and -0.174 D in the

241 Mean (+/-SE) 3-year increases in myopia (spherical equivalent) were -1.28 +/- 0.06 D in the PAL g

242 ]; WFO: mean, 0.52 [95% CI, 0.35-0.69]), and spherical equivalents (WFG: mean, -4.45 [95% CI, -4.99 t

243 irment rose with increasing axial length and spherical equivalent, with a cumulative incidence (SE) o

244 and with variance in the manifest refraction spherical equivalent within +/-0.5 diopter (D) for a min