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3 l identity to the 5' and 3'UTRs of the polyQ spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) genes ATXN1, ATXN2, ATXN3,
8 MNAT overexpression can also protect against spinocerebellar ataxia 1 (SCA1)-induced neurodegeneratio
14 s gene have been linked to the human disease spinocerebellar ataxia 13, associated with cerebellar an
15 have recently been linked to human disease, spinocerebellar ataxia 13, with cerebellar and extracere
18 ly implicated HSP27 as a genetic modifier of spinocerebellar ataxia 17 (SCA17), a neurological diseas
22 ons are associated with a different disease, spinocerebellar ataxia 2, these findings help explain ho
29 es, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, spinocerebellar ataxia and Huntington's disease, is that
31 MARCKS, and the established role of PKCs in spinocerebellar ataxia and in shaping the actin cytoskel
33 analysis of the canine orthologues of human spinocerebellar ataxia associated genes, we identified a
34 he Inventory of Non-Ataxia Signs (INAS), the Spinocerebellar Ataxia Functional Index (SCAFI), phonemi
35 AS), the performance-based coordination test Spinocerebellar Ataxia Functional Index (SCAFI), the neu
36 r a physiological mechanism underlying human spinocerebellar ataxia induced by Fhf4 mutation and sugg
38 with affected dogs presenting with symmetric spinocerebellar ataxia particularly evident in the pelvi
40 ily presenting with cognitive impairment and spinocerebellar ataxia suggest links between FGF14 and n
42 yglutamine expansion diseases, which include spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) and Huntington dise
44 whose glutamine-repeat expanded form causes spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) in humans and exert
62 nt studies with a conditional mouse model of spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) suggest that neuron
63 key molecule modulating disease toxicity in spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1), a disease caused b
64 ell-based and Drosophila genetic screens, to spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1), a disease caused b
65 protein of unknown function associated with spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1), a neurodegenerativ
67 a mouse model of the polyglutamine disorder spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1), we tested the hypo
68 eliminates NER, into the TNR mouse model for spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1), which carries an e
72 (CIC) has been implicated in pathogenesis of spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 and cancer in mammals; how
77 Ataxin-1 is a human protein responsible for spinocerebellar ataxia type 1, a hereditary disease asso
79 xpanded ATAXIN-1, the protein that underlies spinocerebellar ataxia type 1, forms toxic oligomers and
80 n the early stages of a mouse model of human spinocerebellar ataxia type 1, SCA1, where mice exhibit
81 ion of CAG repeats in ATAXIN1 (ATXN1) causes Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1, the functions of ATXN1 an
82 as been indicated to be the disease gene for spinocerebellar ataxia type 1, which is also a neurodege
88 RNA, expanded r(AUUCU) repeats, that causes spinocerebellar ataxia type 10 (SCA10) in patient-derive
92 nt truncating mutations in human TTBK2 cause spinocerebellar ataxia type 11 (SCA11); these mutant pro
94 Bbeta regulatory subunit gene is mutated in spinocerebellar ataxia type 12, and one of its splice va
95 fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome, spinocerebellar ataxia type 12, tremors caused by autoso
97 n the Kv3.3 voltage-gated K(+) channel cause spinocerebellar ataxia type 13 (SCA13), a human autosoma
101 ase mutated in the neurodegenerative disease spinocerebellar ataxia type 14 (SCA14), as a novel amylo
103 omain to >42 glutamines typically results in spinocerebellar ataxia type 17 (SCA17), a neurodegenerat
104 region, and expansion of this tract leads to spinocerebellar ataxia type 17 (SCA17), one of nine domi
105 f nine neurodegenerative disorders including spinocerebellar ataxia type 17 that is caused by a polyg
112 epeats of the ataxin-2 (ATXN2) protein cause spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2), a rare neurodegene
113 NA-targeted therapies in two mouse models of spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2), an autosomal domin
116 give rise to the neurodegenerative disorders spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 and Parkinson's disease.
117 A clinician should consider the diagnosis of spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 when encountering a patien
118 , a polyglutamine (polyQ) protein mutated in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2, is a potent modifier of T
122 YN(R212W) mouse is the first animal model of spinocerebellar ataxia type 23 and our work indicates th
125 re detail, we generated a mouse carrying the spinocerebellar ataxia type 23 mutation R212W in PDYN.
126 norphin A is likely a mutational hotspot for spinocerebellar ataxia type 23 mutations, and in vitro d
127 reproduced many of the clinical features of spinocerebellar ataxia type 23, with gait deficits start
130 tions in the AFG3L2 gene have been linked to spinocerebellar ataxia type 28 and spastic ataxia-neurop
131 rotease--previously associated with dominant spinocerebellar ataxia type 28 disease--in a patient wit
132 d by other (CAG)n-containing genes: ATXN7 in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2; ATXN2, ATN1 and HTT in sp
133 = 12, age range 21-55 years, seven female), spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (n = 10, age range 34-67 y
134 ogenic ataxin-3 protein of the human disease spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) and the yeast prion
136 difiers of polyQ degeneration induced by the spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) protein ataxin-3, w
140 itinase ataxin-3 causes neurodegeneration in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 (SCA3), one of nine inheri
141 ataxias, including the polyglutamine disease spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3), remains poorly und
148 ed that pathology in Friedreich's ataxia and spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 is not restricted to the c
150 el for the CAG/polyglutamine (polyQ) disease spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 recapitulates key features
155 show that ataxin-3, the protein involved in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3, also known as Machado-Jos
156 uitinating enzyme, is the disease protein in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3, one of many neurodegenera
168 glutamine tract in ataxin-3 (AT3) results in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3/Machado-Joseph disease, on
169 ed UGGAA (UGGAAexp) repeats, responsible for spinocerebellar ataxia type 31 (SCA31) in Drosophila, ca
171 bellar ataxia type 2; ATXN2, ATN1 and HTT in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3; ATXN1 and ATXN3 in spinoc
173 t beta-III spectrin (SPTBN2) mutations cause spinocerebellar ataxia type 5 (SCA5) in an 11-generation
179 s in betaIII spectrin link strongly to human spinocerebellar ataxia type 5 (SCA5), correlating with a
181 gene encoding beta-III spectrin give rise to spinocerebellar ataxia type 5, a neurodegenerative disea
182 associated with neurodegenerative syndromes, spinocerebellar ataxia Type 5, and spectrin-associated a
183 hy of the cerebellar nuclei in patients with spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 (n = 12, age range 41-76 y
186 d at the pre-clinical and clinical stages of spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 (SCA6), an inherited neuro
187 amine tract which, when expanded (Q33) as in spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 (SCA6), is toxic to cells.
188 d into a polyglutamine tract associated with spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 (SCA6), whereas MPc splice
191 imaging signal was significantly reduced in spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 and Friedreich's ataxia co
192 , reductions were significant when comparing spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 and Friedreich's ataxia to
193 ei have long been thought to be preserved in spinocerebellar ataxia type 6, histology shows marked at
195 me of the cerebellum was markedly reduced in spinocerebellar ataxia type 6, preserved in Friedreich's
197 cerebellar ataxia type 3; ATXN1 and ATXN3 in spinocerebellar ataxia type 6; and ATXN3 and TBP in spin
208 to date of maternally transmitted infantile spinocerebellar ataxia type 7 (SCA7), in which a tract o
209 or CAG/CTG repeat instability in the case of spinocerebellar ataxia type 7 (SCA7), one of the most un
214 y, we show that RAN translation across human spinocerebellar ataxia type 8 (SCA8) and myotonic dystro
216 usly reported that a (CTG)n expansion causes spinocerebellar ataxia type 8 (SCA8), a slowly progressi
217 ng fragile X tremor ataxia syndrome (FXTAS), spinocerebellar ataxia type 8 (SCA8), SCA10, SCA12, and
218 ataxia syndrome, myotonic dystrophy type 1, spinocerebellar ataxia type 8, and the nine polyglutamin
219 polyglutamine protein whose expansion causes spinocerebellar ataxia type-1 (SCA1) and triggers the fo
221 domain of ataxin-1, the protein involved in spinocerebellar ataxia type-1, is the region responsible
222 expanded polyglutamine (polyQ) repeat causes spinocerebellar ataxia type-3 (SCA3), also called Machad
224 cted individuals with identified expansions (spinocerebellar ataxia types 1, 2, 3, 6 and 7), recruite
227 rom lymphoblastoid cells derived either from spinocerebellar ataxia with axonal neuropathy (SCAN1) pa
228 syl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (TDP1) can cause spinocerebellar ataxia with axonal neuropathy (SCAN1), a
230 contributes to the neurodegenerative disease spinocerebellar ataxia with axonal neuropathy (SCAN1).
231 ataxia with oculomotor apraxia 1 (AOA1) and spinocerebellar ataxia with axonal neuropathy 1 (SCAN1).
236 gical diseases: ataxia oculomotor apraxia 1, spinocerebellar ataxia with neuronal neuropathy 1 and mi
237 of gkt causes the neurodegenerative disease spinocerebellar ataxia with neuropathy (SCAN1), making i
238 vant to understanding diseases (for example, spinocerebellar ataxia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis an
239 human neurodegenerative diseases, including spinocerebellar ataxia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, a
240 herited sideroblastic anemia associated with spinocerebellar ataxia, and is due to mutations in the m
241 eurological diseases, including Alzheimer's, spinocerebellar ataxia, and several motor neuron disease
242 a critical role for opioid neuropeptides in spinocerebellar ataxia, and suggests that restoring the
243 eting mutations in human TTBK2 are linked to spinocerebellar ataxia, suggesting cilia protect from ne
246 sorders, including Alpers syndrome, juvenile spinocerebellar ataxia-epilepsy syndrome, and progressiv
250 n amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; ataxin-2 in spinocerebellar ataxia; and SMN (survival of motor neuro
259 thological feature of the autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) is cerebellar degeneratio
260 uding Huntington's disease (HD) and multiple spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs), are among the commonest
263 to the pathogenesis of dominantly inherited spinocerebellar ataxias and the current therapeutic stra
266 e data on the progression of the most common spinocerebellar ataxias based on a follow-up period that
267 the hereditary ataxias, autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxias comprise a diverse group of neur
268 nit FGF14 'b' isoform, a locus for inherited spinocerebellar ataxias, controls resurgent current and
269 uding HDL1-3, SCA17, familial prion disease, spinocerebellar ataxias, dentatorubral-pallidoluysian at
270 approaches for Huntington's disease and the spinocerebellar ataxias, including the use of antisense
272 recruited through the European Consortium on Spinocerebellar Ataxias, to determine whether age at ons
273 XRCC1 with proteins causally linked to human spinocerebellar ataxias-aprataxin and tyrosyl-DNA phosph
277 -term disease progression of the most common spinocerebellar ataxias: SCA1, SCA2, SCA3, and SCA6.
278 Machado-Joseph disease (MJD), also known as spinocerebellar ataxin-3, affects neurons of the brain a
279 aled nonprogressive white matter lesions and spinocerebellar atrophy similar to typical adult polyglu
280 Clinically, patients suffer from progressive spinocerebellar degeneration, diabetes and a fatal cardi
282 bserved CART expression in loose clusters of spinocerebellar mossy fibers in the mouse AZ/PZ, whereas
283 s considered to be a prime factor in several spinocerebellar neurodegenerative diseases; however, the
284 s of excitatory input to four populations of spinocerebellar neurons in the thoraco-lumbar spinal cor
285 ogical results indicate that Clarke's column spinocerebellar neurons nucleate local spinal corollary
287 cile these properties with any of the direct spinocerebellar pathways or spinoreticulocerebellar path
288 ryos, and that these axons contribute to the spinocerebellar projection in transgenic reporter mice.
289 oncomitant abnormalities in the execution of spinocerebellar reflexes, which were significantly slowe
291 and in the dorsal horn (dhDSCT) and ventral spinocerebellar tract (VSCT) neurons including spinal bo
292 ircuitry and physiology of identified dorsal spinocerebellar tract neurons in mouse spinal cord revea
293 ns in the thoraco-lumbar spinal cord: dorsal spinocerebellar tract neurons located in Clarke's column
295 e formation of the lateral funiculus and the spinocerebellar tract, and simultaneously perturbing Rob
298 ing nerves, atrophy of the spinothalamic and spinocerebellar tracts and posterior column-medial lemni
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