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1 d accumulation of activated microglia in the spongiform areas of the brain accompanied by an increase
2 nsfer ratios may be an in vivo surrogate for spongiform change and has potential utility as a therape
3 in mice with early prion infection reversed spongiform change and prevented clinical symptoms and ne
4 sons that are not clear, the distribution of spongiform change and PrPSc deposition varies among prio
5 d increased interstitial space, vacuolation, spongiform change, and capillaries bent at amylin accumu
6 nation revealed neuronal loss, scant foci of spongiform change, and diffuse multicentric amyloid plaq
8 deposition is accompanied by neuronal loss, spongiform change, astrogliosis, and conspicuous microgl
9 PrP(Sc), in the absence of neuronal loss or spongiform change, in the central nervous system corresp
12 h long incubation periods and characteristic spongiform changes associated with neuronal loss in the
15 f pathological states in fatal transmissible spongiform conditions such as Creutzfeld-Jacob Disease a
16 We recently showed that hamster PrP induces spongiform degeneration and accumulates into highly aggr
17 of sick transgenic mice exhibited widespread spongiform degeneration and contained abnormal prion pro
18 l features that define prion strains include spongiform degeneration and deposition patterns of PrP(S
19 We show now that rabbit PrP does not induce spongiform degeneration and does not convert into scrapi
20 al inactivation of Fig4 in neurons developed spongiform degeneration and the full spectrum of neurolo
21 ish the contributions of neurons and glia to spongiform degeneration in the Fig4 null mouse, we expre
22 ull mutation of Fig4 in the mouse results in spongiform degeneration of brain and peripheral ganglia,
23 to the signaling lipid PI(3,5)P(2) result in spongiform degeneration of mouse brain and are associate
24 ne that results in tremor, hypopigmentation, spongiform degeneration of the brain, and juvenile letha
29 inoculation of tissue from the case with no spongiform degeneration resulted in almost complete abse
30 llular and neurological phenotypes including spongiform degeneration, gliosis and juvenile lethality.
31 n the cerebellum affected by prions includes spongiform degeneration, neuronal loss, and gliosis.
32 ed the hallmarks of prion disease, including spongiform degeneration, pronounced astrogliosis, and de
39 sease phenotype compared to the induction of spongiform encephalomyelitis with a longer latency, as s
41 The risk of transmission of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) between different spec
43 ectious agent of the mammalian transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) has long been consider
44 t current diagnostic tests for transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) rely on the presence o
47 pecies were not susceptible to transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) and therefore represe
53 zheimer's, Parkinson's and the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) are characterized by
54 ions responsible for mammalian transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) are due primarily to
57 ess studied, pregnancy-related transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) have been implicated
65 s about the possible spread of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) via blood products.
67 lassical scrapie is one of the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), a group of fatal inf
68 on diseases, also known as the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), are a group of fatal
70 ions, the infectious agents of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), have defied full cha
73 The agents responsible for transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), or prion diseases, c
74 iginally formulated to explain transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), the prion hypothesis
78 about the iatrogenic spread of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs)/prion diseases throug
79 several patients with various transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (variant and sporadic Creutz
83 nd systemic amyloidoses and prion-associated spongiform encephalopathies are acquired or inherited pr
91 overy that devastating brain diseases called spongiform encephalopathies are transmissible to new hos
92 specimens for the diagnosis of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies has been described in sheep,
97 equired for the infectivity of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies is central to the debate abo
98 t blood in naturally occurring transmissible spongiform encephalopathies is not infectious has implod
99 the protein-only hypothesis of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies is the link between inherite
100 ation and neurotoxicity during transmissible spongiform encephalopathies is undisputed, the physiolog
101 prevalent manifestation of the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies or prion diseases affecting
105 ges in the prion protein cause transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, also referred to as prion d
107 Prion diseases, also known as transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, are fatal neurodegenerative
108 onic wasting disease and other transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, are misfolded proteins that
109 ectious agents responsible for transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, consist mainly of the misfo
110 ons, the etiological agents in transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, exhibit remarkable resistan
111 nto the causative agent of the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, has previously been shown t
112 diagnosis and understanding of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, including transmission mech
113 ntified as causative agents of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, increasing evidence now sug
115 e of its abnormal conformer in transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, normal PrP(C) may be implic
117 g approaches to the therapy of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, or prion diseases, is beset
121 ission of the prion disorders (transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, TSEs) are mediated by a mod
122 degenerative diseases known as transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, which affect humans, deer,
123 ectious agents responsible for transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, which appear to be composed
137 Two atypical BSE strains, bovine amyloidotic spongiform encephalopathy (BASE, also named BSE-L) and B
138 transmission efficiencies of vCJD and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and an assessment of the
140 rodegenerative disorders that include bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and scrapie in animals a
141 l and neuropathological properties of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and variant Creutzfeldt-
142 , endemic sheep scrapie, and epidemic bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) are caused by a related
145 -Jakob disease, following on from the bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) epidemic, led to concern
146 n transmission was reported after the bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) epidemic, when >200 case
147 dily distinguished experimental sheep bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) from classical scrapie.
148 n protein PrP(C), such as PrP(BSE) in bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in cattle and PrP(CJD) i
149 wasting disease (CWD) in cervids and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in cattle are prion dise
154 Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) prions are two of the pr
155 ter the extensive dietary exposure to bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) prions in the UK, has le
157 on protein (BoPrP) serially propagate bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) prions without posing a
158 little about human susceptibility to bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) prions, the causal agent
159 c mouse line, Tg(CerPrP)1536(+/-), to bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) prions, which have the a
164 ob disease (vCJD), experimental ovine bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), and natural sheep scrap
167 hat sheep and goats consumed the same bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE)-contaminated meat and bo
172 iciency syndrome (AIDS), hepatitis C, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE)/variant Creutzfeldt-Jako
173 e for neurodegenerative diseases like bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE; "mad cow" disease) and C
174 eases of cattle include the classical bovine spongiform encephalopathy (C-BSE) and the atypical H-typ
177 have been shown to be susceptible to feline spongiform encephalopathy (FSE), almost certainly caused
178 sceptible to the prion causing L-type bovine spongiform encephalopathy (L-BSE), although RQ171 sheep
179 affected by C-BSE and atypical L-type bovine spongiform encephalopathy (L-type BSE or L-BSE) with the
181 g disease (CWD) is an emerging transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (prion disease) of North Ameri
182 ep scrapie is the prototypical transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (prion disease), which has a f
183 chronic waste disease (PrP(CWD)), and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (PrP(BSE)) in lab-scale compos
184 ible to humans, as has been shown for bovine spongiform encephalopathy (the prion disease of cattle),
185 form encephalopathy (BSE) is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) (or prion disease) that
187 Following oral exposure, some transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) agents accumulate first
188 n of tissue culture cells with transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) agents as a result of th
190 of many peripherally acquired transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) agents is less efficient
191 presented here, using the same transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) animal model, our aim wa
193 protease-resistant PrP without transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) clinical signs or notabl
197 infectious agents (prions) of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) diseases including chron
198 l infectious agents that cause transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) diseases, or prion disea
201 sly undetected sporadic bovine transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) have long been considere
204 nic wasting disease (CWD) is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) of cervids now detected
206 the iatrogenic transmission of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) or prion disease has bec
208 eared to be dependent upon the transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) strain, allowing discrim
210 discriminatory testing of all transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE)-positive small ruminant
211 are infected with prions from cattle (bovine spongiform encephalopathy [BSE]), both PrP variants occu
213 e (CWD) is a universally fatal transmissible spongiform encephalopathy affecting cervids, and natural
217 roinvasion in many prion diseases, in bovine spongiform encephalopathy and atypical cases of sheep sc
218 al host systems, including strains of bovine spongiform encephalopathy and chronic wasting disease.
219 nfluence the susceptibility to transmissible spongiform encephalopathy and determine the characterist
220 T treatment also inhibits the development of spongiform encephalopathy and gliosis in the central ner
222 ecific, and early diagnosis of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy and to further understand the
223 wild-type mice and was also found in bovine spongiform encephalopathy cattle brain, indicating that
225 n to replicate many aspects of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy disease to investigate the cel
230 n, we show that prions causing transmissible spongiform encephalopathy in wild-type hamsters can be g
231 als in feedstuffs in order to prevent Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy infection and diffusion, howev
232 significant removal of rodent transmissible spongiform encephalopathy infections by filtration of re
235 ronic wasting disease (CWD), a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy of cervids, was first document
236 ronic wasting disease (CWD), a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy of cervids, was first document
237 ronic wasting disease (CWD), a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy of deer, elk, and moose, is th
242 ion strain resulting from exposure to bovine spongiform encephalopathy prions to which the Fore were
246 Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a fatal spongiform encephalopathy that is efficiently transmitte
247 imental challenge and the outbreak of bovine spongiform encephalopathy that occurred in the late 1980
248 l as the interspecies transmission of bovine spongiform encephalopathy to humans in the form of varia
249 ronic wasting disease of cervids, and bovine spongiform encephalopathy) all seem to be laterally tran
251 raperitoneal, or oral); all groups developed spongiform encephalopathy, although the oral route requi
252 g PrP-101L with neurological disease, severe spongiform encephalopathy, and formation of proteinase K
253 were fed brain of (eleven) cows with bovine spongiform encephalopathy, and some were euthanized befo
254 Some animal prion diseases, such as bovine spongiform encephalopathy, can infect humans; however, h
255 21 overlap with QTLs associated with Bovine spongiform encephalopathy, clinical mastitis or somatic
256 risks posed by prion zoonoses such as bovine spongiform encephalopathy, has focused much attention on
258 an form of a prion disease of cattle, bovine spongiform encephalopathy-have been reported from 12 cou
259 ritical goal of discriminating transmissible spongiform encephalopathy-infected from healthy uninfect
260 stant core identical to that found in bovine spongiform encephalopathy-specific scrapie-associated pr
278 ibility and phenotype of human transmissible spongiform encyphalopathies, but the molecular mechanism
280 on of the Nrf2 gene in mice caused vacuolar (spongiform) leukoencephalopathy with widespread astrogli
281 s) are capable of inducing fatal progressive spongiform motor neuron disease in mice that is largely
282 murine leukemia virus (MLV) can cause acute spongiform neurodegeneration analogous to that induced b
283 ll defined even though a loss of neurons and spongiform neurodegeneration has been reported to accomp
284 sE and Moloney MLV-ts1 cause noninflammatory spongiform neurodegeneration in mice, manifested clinica
285 ons of FIG4 result in juvenile lethality and spongiform neurodegeneration in the mouse, and are respo
286 hese results suggest that retrovirus-induced spongiform neurodegeneration represents a protein-foldin
287 MLVs) can induce progressive noninflammatory spongiform neurodegeneration similar to that caused by p
288 y ataxia and paralysis and the appearance of spongiform neurodegeneration throughout the brain stem a
289 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mahogunin causes spongiform neurodegeneration, a recessively transmitted
291 nfection and before any marked appearance of spongiform neurodegeneration, we detected vessel leakage
295 oup of ecotropic murine retroviruses cause a spongiform neurodegenerative disease manifested by tremo
296 strong support for the hypothesis that this spongiform neurodegenerative disease represents a virus-
297 , no malignancies were detected in cystic or spongiform nodules (both, n = 11, 2.8%; 95% CI: 1.4%, 5.
300 spartic acid, elevates brain NAA and causes "spongiform" vacuolation of superficial brain white matte
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