ライフサイエンスコーパス: start codon

1 is compatible with scanning mRNA for the AUG start codon.

2 the initiation at a downstream, in-frame AUG start codon.

3 3'-untranslated regions, but also around the start codon.

4 ntial TIS sites in addition to the annotated start codon.

5 mbrane-bound fluorescent protein lacking its start codon.

6 d of ribosome movement immediately after the start codon.

7 spanning -574 to -90 bp upstream of the METE start codon.

8 n complex (PIC) to mRNAs and scanning to the start codon.

9 osomal subunit to select an appropriate mRNA start codon.

10 1-10 nucleotides immediately upstream of the start codon.

11 full-length LOS2 transcripts using a second start codon.

12 (LBD) motif within 1 kb upstream of the ATG start codon.

13 ensus sequence enhanced Vhs cutting near the start codon.

14 uppressing eIF2-dependent recognition of the start codon.

15 is initiated at an upstream ACG near-cognate start codon.

16 bp (P1) and 63 bp (P2) upstream of the rpoS start codon.

17 r reside 89 to 255 bp upstream from the lsrR start codon.

18 of the mRNA until it has encountered the AUG start codon.

19 sequently scans along the mRNA to locate the start codon.

20 djacent coding regions to sequester the psaB start codon.

21 egion, located immediately downstream of the start codon.

22 y binding to a region that overlaps the YenI start codon.

23 the region upstream of the CpeC translation start codon.

24 y translational initiation at an alternative start codon.

25 s with reduced fidelity to recognize the AUG start codon.

26 polyserine proteins in the absence of an ATG start codon.

27 ated within the 572 nt upstream from the AUG start codon.

28 sembly, to place itself precisely on the AUG start codon.

29 ormed preinitiation complexes at the correct start codon.

30 t 94 nucleotides upstream of the translation start codon.

31 no untranslated nucleotides prior to the 5'-start codon.

32 ssion of a GFP reporter containing a non-AUG start codon.

33 protein synthesis is selection of the proper start codon.

34 324/-317 (T2) and -566 (T3) bp from the gadE start codon.

35 collagen mRNAs, encompassing the translation start codon.

36 y altering the ribosome-binding sequence and start codon.

37 at 320 bp upstream of the ATG translational start codon.

38 nded 120 bp nucleotides upstream of the Rgs4 start codon.

39 ymmetry were identified upstream of the troA start codon.

40 the 199-nucleotide sequence surrounding the start codon.

41 at -267 and -244 nucleotides relative to the start codon.

42 ain, which initiates at an internal in-frame start codon.

43 protein to a DNA region upstream of the stdA start codon.

44 ncluding a Kozak-sequence-like motif for AUG start codon.

45 iator tRNA scans mRNA to find an appropriate start codon.

46 l translation initiated at the canonical AUG start codon.

47 ying uORFs or starting downstream of the ATG START codon.

48 IF4A-dependent mechanism that utilizes a CUG start codon.

49 mRNA harboring an AUG or near-cognate (AUC) start codon.

50 ic proteins without use of a canonical, AUG, start codon.

51 which occludes the ribosome binding site and start codon.

52 1-F2 plasmids lacking the well-conserved ATG start codon.

53 mation and promote utilization of suboptimal start codons.

54 mRNA variants encompass four possible first start codons.

55 dentified 11 proteins with mutated/alternate start codons.

56 tRNA) to initiate translation at cryptic CUG start codons.

57 sites, some of which serve as the exclusive start codons.

58 of spastin (M1 and M87) translated from two start codons.

59 ptimal viral mRNA translation from canonical start codons.

60 hat thousands of uORFs initiate with non-AUG start codons.

61 eral isoforms from alternative translational start codons.

62 itch that is strongly selected against among start codons.

63 ity and destabilized PIN at UUG, but not AUG start codons.

64 o a predicted SL 120 bp upstream of the dnaK start codon (3'-SL).

65 r mitochondrial localization and alternative start codons, 31 out of 51 bacterial genes tested (61%)

66 stop codons introduced upstream of the US1.5 start codon (3xstop).

67 r translation was eliminated by mutating the start codon, a shift was not observed.

68 Mutating alternative internal start codons abrogated the CTL-mediated inhibition of vi

69 epeat that is placed between a translational start codon and a membrane-bound fluorescent protein lac

70 egions of the large T antigen ORF provided a start codon and C-terminal hydrophobic motif necessary f

71 f 130 nucleotides directly upstream from the start codon and contains tandem repeats of the sequence,

72 e repeat expansions in the absence of an AUG start codon and contributes to neurodegenerative disorde

73 in, we show that La binds close to the CCND1 start codon and demonstrate that La's RNA chaperone acti

74 250 nucleotides, including a number near the start codon and in the 5' untranslated region.

75 poor translation initiation at the annotated start codon and increased initiation at downstream AUGs.

76 A is established by the placement of the AUG start codon and initiator tRNA in the ribosomal peptidyl

77 ding to a 35-bp DNA operator upstream of the start codon and is de-repressed by the presence of eryth

78 just 28 bp upstream of the main translation start codon and show that it is functional in vitro.

79 chrome C oxidase I (CoI) has a novel (T/C)CG start codon and that perfectly conserved regions upstrea

80 The normal strong preferences for an AUG start codon and the canonical sequence context to favor

81 lated region (5'UTR) contains seven upstream start codons and six upstream open reading frames (uORFs

82 ancy--many of these differences lie close to start codons and upstream ORFs.

83 thin the preS1 region, the deletion of preS2 start codon, and a stop signal at codon 182 within the S

84 s whose TSS were downstream of the annotated start codon, and additional analysis of evolutionary con

85 nd of mRNAs, facilitates scanning to the AUG start codon, and is crucial for eukaryotic translation o

86 tructured region immediately upstream of the start codon, and shows that these features are strongly

87 und to be 221 base pairs upstream of the ATG start codon, and site-directed mutagenesis of the upstre

88 ding the messenger RNA (mRNA), selecting the start codon, and synthesizing the polypeptide.

89 , we altered the lacI ribosome-binding site, start codon, and/or codon content to construct RDAS stra

90 oved 255 (7.5%) proteins, changed 123 (3.6%) start codons, and added 127 (3.7%) proteins that had bee

91 increased translation; sequences around the start codon are sufficient for the induction of translat

92 High initiation rates are only possible if start codons are liberated sufficiently fast, thus accou

93 footprint mapping have revealed that non-AUG start codons are used at an astonishing frequency.

94 ted -82.4, -67.7 and +22.6 kb from the FOXE1 start codon, are all active in the oral epithelium or br

95 We verified the second of two possible start codons as the functional start codon in ATXN2.

96 translation without the need for a canonical start codon, as small peptide products predicted by 3'UT

97 Hac1 from an mRNA containing an upstream AUG start codon at the beginning of the base-paired region.

98 increase translation from the non-canonical start codon AUC.

99 otein 5 mRNA) that were not initiated at the start codon AUG.

100 The canonical start codon (AUG) and a few near-cognates (GUG, UUG) are

101 Residues spanning the gag start codon (AUG) form a hairpin in the monomeric leader

102 s to oligoribonucleotides containing the gag start codon (AUG), disrupting a pre-existing stem loop a

103 e P gene was mutated by replacing all of the start codons (AUG) for tPs with AUA.

104 , slow codons lead to slow liberation of the start codon by initiating ribosomes, thereby interfering

105 nitiation factors, locates the messenger RNA start codon by scanning from the 5' cap.

106 n of translation involves recognition of the start codon by the initiator tRNA in the 30S subunit.

107 also produced, showing that the alternative start codon can be used in other bacterial species.

108 est that structural destabilization near the start codon caused by the T allele could be related to t

109 recruitment to the messenger RNA (mRNA) and start codon choice and plays a major role in the control

110 sis reveals the dominant contribution of the start codon context at positions -3 to -1, mRNA secondar

111 lation of human USP18 is initiated by a rare start codon (CUG).

112 C sites in the vicinity of the translational start codon, depletion in coding sequences, and mixed pa

113 s 30S subunits normally, but is defective in start-codon discrimination, inhibition of initiation on

114 tion initiation at several levels, including start-codon discrimination, mRNA translation, and initia

115 lpha phosphorylation-dependent alteration in start codon fidelity.

116 with steadily increasing distances from the start codon, followed by characterization of their mRNA

117 Initiation on non-optimal start codons--following structured 5'-UTRs, in bad AUG c

118 the 40S ribosomal subunit and positions the start codon for initiation.

119 cy to expose the Shine-Dalgarno sequence and start codon for the AT protein, leading to increased AT

120 start codons were found, in which GTG is the start codon for the ATPase 6 subunit gene (ATP), ATC for

121 Selection of the AUG start codon for translation in eukaryotes is governed by

122 the existence of two functional translation start codons for pilA and identifies two isoforms (short

123 r-cognates (GUG, UUG) are considered as the 'start codons' for translation initiation in Escherichia

124 the unique 5' element and those near the gag start codon (gag(AUG)) that is conserved among evolution

125 rly 200 nucleotides just upstream of the gag start codon has minimal effects.

126 natural H5N1 IAV containing a mutated PB1-F2 start codon (i.e., lacking ATG) was 1,000-fold more viru

127 minates the dependence of subunit joining on start codon identity.

128 Accurate recognition of the start codon in an mRNA by the eukaryotic translation pre

129 two possible start codons as the functional start codon in ATXN2.

130 n-like element located 25 bp upstream of the start codon in cv Carazinho that was absent from cv Egre

131 located approximately 2 kb upstream from the start codon in cv Egret.

132 tRNAi(Met) scans the mRNA leader for an AUG start codon in favorable context.

133 ought to initiate translation, is the actual start codon in mouse TGR.

134 s the reinitiation of translation at a third start codon in SPAST, resulting in synthesis of a novel

135 ORFs (uORFs) are mRNA elements defined by a start codon in the 5' UTR that is out-of-frame with the

136 iotic response elements located close to the start codon in the ADM gene.

137 al start site (TSS) at 62 bp upstream of the start codon in the CTRP5.

138 tions in the region just upstream of the ATG start codon in the LAP varities, which might be the reas

139 S subunit driven by base pairing between the start codon in the mRNA and the anticodon in tRNA(i).

140 ered when the scanning PIC encounters an AUG start codon in the mRNA.

141 able the selection of initiator tRNA and the start codon in the P site of the 30S ribosomal subunit.

142 rA, that pair to the same site near the rpoS start codon in the presence of the Hfq protein.

143 Reconstruction of the evolution of start codons in 36 groups of closely related bacterial a

144 ading frames that initiate with near-cognate start codons in many transcripts.

145 ndicated that the hierarchy of initiation at start codons in N. crassa (AUG >> CUG > GUG > ACG > AUA

146 ause of the presence of overlapping stop and start codons in the intergenic region between drrA and d

147 and diminish initiation at near-cognate UUG start codons in yeast mutants in which UUG selection is

148 ween the ribosome binding site (RBS) and the start codon (in Escherichia coli), or by binding to the

149 osition 37 in nearly all tRNAs that decode A-starting codons, including the eukaryotic initiator tRNA

150 nstituted in vitro with mRNA harboring a UUG start codon, indicating destabilization of the closed PI

151 TC binding to PICs reconstituted with a UUG start codon, indicating inappropriate rearrangement to t

152 inding by eIF4G and eIF2beta and assists the start codon-induced release of eIF1, the major antagonis

153 Interestingly, two functional start codons initiate fis mRNA translation and both are

154 The preferential use of the 5'-start codon is also seen on mitochondrial 28 S small sub

155 An AUG start codon is an important determinant of ribosome bind

156 translation of NAT1/EIF4G2/DAP5, whose sole start codon is GUG.

157 evised the rec27 open reading frame: the new start codon is in the previously annotated first intron.

158 whether the amino acid corresponding to the start codon is incorporated at the TIS or methionine is

159 with strong secondary structures around the start codon is more dependent on the SD-aSD interaction

160 e the N-terminal methionine derived from the start codon is not cleaved when Glu is in the second pos

161 rter constructs encoding mRNAs where the AUG start codon is preceded by untranslated leaders of vario

162 Caenorhabditis elegans to study how the AUG start codon is selected.

163 Selection on start codons is most pronounced in evolutionarily conser

164 However, purifying selection on start codons is significantly weaker than the selection

165 few nucleotides from 5'-end of mRNA and CUG start codon--is the most affected.

166 activity in 5'-leaders upstream of annotated start codons, leading to differential translation in gli

167 ic annotation revealed two possible CYP144A1 start codons, leading to expression of (i) a "full-lengt

168 Translation from the upstream start codon leads to increased downstream agn43 expressi

169 with P1, and translation from these upstream start codons led to the production of larger isoforms of

170 Translation initiation from non-canonical start codons may contribute to the synthesis of peptides

171 eIF3 and recognition of the HCV genomic RNA start codon, molecular interactions that likely extend t

172 earson correlation: -0.49, P=1.83 x 10(-12) (start codon morpholino) and -0.46, P=4.05 x 10(-9) (spli

173 hift, and splice-site mutations as well as a start codon mutation in the family that originally defin

174 demonstrated that the tiger and cat share a start codon mutation that truncated most of the tetherin

175 They had a homozygous start-codon mutation in the peptidyl-prolyl isomerase B

176 ed independently in mice with a Dyx1c1 c.T2A start-codon mutation recovered from an N-ethyl-N-nitroso

177 Start codon mutations in the accessory vpu gene from mac

178 Deletion of, or start codon mutations in, the ORFs for the peptides in t

179 s (i.e., preS1 and/or preS2 deletions, preS2 start codon mutations, C-terminally truncated and/or "a"

180 The pseudoknot domain positions the AUG start codon near the mRNA channel and is tRNA-like, sugg

181 tiation involves factor-driven assembly at a start codon of a messenger RNA of an elongation-competen

182 a TOC1 transposon 113 bp upstream of the ATG start codon of a putative omega-3 desaturase (CrFAD7; lo

183 ces transcription, or alternatively that the start codon of A. actinomycetemcomitans lsrA has been in

184 ding Oh43, which has a point mutation in the start codon of Bx13 and lacks both DIM2BOA-Glc and HDM2B

185 5'CANGGANG3') encompassing the translational start codon of cfcR was confirmed.

186 encompassed within 70 bp upstream of the ATG start codon of dbpBA, was identified and found to be nec

187 We first identified the start codon of DifA experimentally; this identification

188 is alternatively translated from the second start codon of ENO1 transcripts, is preferentially local

189 l to efficiently initiate translation at the start codon of GRN.

190 A point mutation in the translational start codon of Mecp2 exon 1, transmitted through the ger

191 r RNA (Met-tRNA(i)(Met)) positioned over the start codon of messenger RNA in the P site.

192 he GRM3 gene, 2 bases before the translation start codon of one of the receptor isoforms, in 23 of 22

193 ion in infected cells was abolished when the start codon of P58 was eliminated.

194 rted repeat located upstream (206 bp) of the start codon of PG0106 that is capable of forming a large

195 We appended an epitope tag after the start codon of the A19L open reading frame without compr

196 op I, while the SD3 sequence, as well as the start codon of the gene, are proved to be within an unfo

197 bound to the peptidyl site and paired to the start codon of the mRNA.

198 Mutation of the start codon of two C-terminal ORFs in an infectious clon

199 Importantly, replacing the near-cognate start codons of both nAuORFs with non-cognate triplets h

200 rich sequence elements up- and downstream of start codons of target genes were necessary but not suff

201 iation at GCN4 and impair recognition of the start codons of uORF1 or uORF4 located after uORF1.

202 28 (h28) and allow PICs to scan through the start codons of upstream ORFs that normally repress GCN4

203 We uncovered upstream sequences that include start codons of zebrafish and Xenopus Tgs and experiment

204 d to induce double-strand DNA break near the starting codon of each gene that either disrupted the st

205 a segment (-196 to -162 relative to the ATG start codon) of the AAO3 promoter.

206 Recognition of the AUG start codon on mRNAs during translation initiation in eu

207 urred only in cis and did not require an AUG start codon or initiation of coat protein synthesis.

208 codon of each gene that either disrupted the start codon or introduced a frameshift mutation in the e

209 ere found as far as 550 bp upstream from the start codon, or 1 kb into the coding sequence.

210 Systemic mapping of start-codon positions and precise measurement of the cor

211 icted ribosome-binding sites and translation start codons, potentially producing two PilA preprotein

212 ugh the 5'-UTR and keep it from reaching the start-codon, preventing 60S association.

213 cP-1 plasmids is translated from alternative start codons producing two forms, IncC1 (364 aa) and Inc

214 otide (nt) -pairings, one sequesters the gag start codon promoting dimerization while the other seque

215 ell et al1 demonstrate that mutations in the start codon (protein synthesis is initiated at the codon

216 verifications include confirmation of a CTG start codon, pseudogene restoration and quality assuranc

217 Translation from non-canonical start codons ranged from 0.007 to 3% relative to transla

218 ranslation almost always initiates at an AUG start codon, recent advancements in ribosome footprint m

219 of eIF1 to the PIC decrease the fidelity of start codon recognition (Sui(-) phenotype) by allowing i

220 a indicate that eIF1 plays multiple roles in start codon recognition and suggest that prior to AUG re

221 These analyses on start codon recognition give a more detailed insight int

222 F1 functions in ensuring the fidelity of AUG start codon recognition in a multicellular organism.

223 how these initiation factors are involved in start codon recognition in multicellular organisms, we i

224 , play key roles in ensuring the fidelity of start codon recognition in yeast cells.

225 S subunit and thereby affect the fidelity of start codon recognition independent of Met-tRNA(i)(Met)

226 A molecular model is emerging in which start codon recognition is linked to dynamic reorganizat

227 ransition from a preinitiation complex after start codon recognition to the final 80S initiation comp

228 on of eIF1 from the PIC, a critical event in start codon recognition, and is dependent on the scannin

229 ence that mRNA unwinding by eIF4A stimulates start codon recognition, but also suggest that the eIF4A

230 of eIF1A, which we previously implicated in start codon recognition, moves closer to the N-terminal

231 conformation of the PIC that exists prior to start codon recognition.

232 e (for G31:C39 and A54) that is critical for start codon recognition.

233 inhibit eIF5B-dependent steps downstream of start codon recognition.

234 henotypes indicating defects in scanning and start codon recognition.

235 tion factor (eIF) 1 is a central mediator of start codon recognition.

236 ed' conformation of ribosomal complexes upon start codon recognition.

237 x and is likely ejected from the P-site upon start codon recognition.

238 ing 40S ribosome complexes onto mRNA and AUG start codon recognition.

239 l-tRNA (fMet-tRNA(fMet)) into the P site for start codon recognition.

240 nclose tRNAi, thus elucidating key events in start codon recognition.

241 nitiation factors for efficient and accurate start codon recognition.

242 The selection of a proper AUG start codon requires the base-pairing interactions betwe

243 fact that the mammalian spastin gene has two start codons, resulting in a 616 amino acid protein call

244 rus (RABV) P gene mRNA encodes five in-frame start codons, resulting in expression of full-length P p

245 ation of mgtL translation by mutation of its start codon results in transcription of the mgtA-coding

246 R protein families to anchor the translation start codon, searched an EST database with the 3' end of

247 achment to 40S ribosomal subunits, scanning, start codon selection and subunit joining.

248 The stringency of start codon selection impacts the efficiency of initiati

249 -boxes, and eIF5-CTD restore the accuracy of start codon selection impaired by an eIF2beta mutation i

250 eferred context to examine the stringency of start codon selection in the model filamentous fungus Ne

251 Start codon selection is a key step in translation initi

252 It is thus becoming increasingly clear that start codon selection is regulated by many trans-acting

253 e features, but their importance in accurate start codon selection was unknown.

254 her support the critical role of eIF2beta in start codon selection, and two functional domains within

255 Despite this, overall accuracy of start codon selection, based on rates of formation of el

256 sis, here we studied the role of 25S rRNA in start codon selection.

257 e the ribosome for initiation in response to start codon selection.

258 bridges B3 and B7b alters the stringency of start codon selection.

259 ated activities of the initiation factors in start codon selection.

260 tion sites and implicate both IF1 and IF3 in start codon selection.

261 P-site mutations increase the stringency of start codon selection.

262 mple of an initiation factor contributing to start codon selection.

263 anning, yet bypasses normal requirements for start codon selection.

264 initiator tRNA to ribosomes and facilitates start codon selection.

265 t have opposite effects on the stringency of start codon selection: the CTT increases, whereas the NT

266 ation maps not only delineated variations of start-codon selection but also highlighted a dynamic ran

267 Structures in the 5'-UTR and 3' of the start codon synergistically inhibit mRNA recruitment in

268 t of Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and Start codon targeted (SCoT) markers in genetic diversity

269 ling can occur considerably further from the start codon than would be expected based on previous stu

270 However, CUG serves as an inefficient start codon that allows downstream initiation, thus gene

271 data support a novel RNA structure near the start codon that impacts translation initiation, structu

272 Thus, AUG is the optimal start codon that is actively maintained by purifying sel

273 diately upstream from both the lsrA and lsrR start codons that closely resemble the consensus recogni

274 TgBCP1 has three potential in frame start codons that produce 51, 33 or 25 kDa proteins.

275 n between a sequence element upstream of the start codon (the Shine-Dalgarno sequence [SD]) and a com

276 ation may disrupt the 40S IC stalling on the start codon, thereby altering the stringency of initiati

277 constructs that have base changes at the AUG start codon, these mutants are found to allow expression

278 Mutation of the start codon to a sub-optimal form (GUG or UUG) tends to

279 ows that CUG codon is used as an inefficient start codon to generate protein isoforms in mouse.

280 equence, we find that close proximity of the start codon to the 5' terminus and the leader sequence a

281 ximately 40% of transcripts contain upstream start codons (uAUGs) but there is little evidence that t

282 s, we show that m(1)A is enriched around the start codon upstream of the first splice site: it prefer

283 also show that insertion of an in-frame AUG start codon upstream of the interaction site releases th

284 restored RNA2 accumulation by acquiring new start codons upstream of the original one.

285 not the +2 frame, occurring at near-cognate start codons upstream of the repeat.

286 -deprived, the frequency of ribosomes at the start codon was reduced, consistent with a global declin

287 y completed by adenylation, and atypical TTT start codons was predicted for both D. v. virgifera and

288 ng either the Shine-Dalgarno sequence or the start codon, we find that EF-P dependence correlates dir

289 o using multiple uORFs in series and non-AUG start codons, we were able to generate particularly low

290 Three rare start codons were found, in which GTG is the start codon

291 umulate 13 to 14 nucleotides upstream of the start codon where initiating ribosomes have been stalled

292 e 5' end of the mRNA and scans to locate the start codon, whereupon it closes to arrest scanning.

293 ranscriptionally by inactivating an upstream start codon, which in turn enables optimal viral mRNA tr

294 utilization of an alternative translational start codon, which would produce a mutant MCPH1 protein

295 a promoter and the 5' exon with a functional start codon while the bulk of the protein-coding sequenc

296 r targeting peptides with a potential second start codon whose use would eliminate the targeting pept

297 replacing its non-AUG initiation codon (AUA) start codon with the non-cognate triplet AAA, whereas tr

298 slation preferentially initiates at the 13th start codon within the leader sequence independently of

299 etween nucleotides 76 and 125 containing two start codons within one uORF that is required and suffic

300 Despite the presence of 12 AUG start codons within the TriMV 5' UTR, translation initia