ライフサイエンスコーパス: stator

1 units (rotor) and the single-copy a subunit (stator).

2 rent role in generating stability within the stator.

3 the flagellar C ring, export apparatus, and stator.

4 parts nearer the edge that interact with the stator.

5 biphenylene rotator and a natural abundance stator.

6 proton-induced conformational change in the stator.

7 ethoxy-substituted trityl groups acting as a stator.

8 coil state, mimicking the open state of the stator.

9 of the capsid protein and that pRNA was the stator.

10 of the ring, the b subunits functioning as a stator.

11 he part of the rotor that interacts with the stator.

12 omponents of the rotor and components of the stator.

13 conduction and that are believed to form the stator.

14 teractions might occur between the rotor and stator.

15 orm a distinct complex that functions as the stator.

16 tuted iodobenzenes that take the role of the stator.

17 zes, and the effects of key mutations in the stator.

18 rray of copper electrodes that comprises the stator.

19 anchored to the cell wall and constitute the stator.

20 unstable interactions between the rotor and stator.

21 henylsilyl-protected (TBDPS) triphenylmethyl stators.

22 etermined by the chemical transitions of the stators.

23 of the motor is independent of the number of stators.

24 speed is independent of the number of active stators.

25 s bearings and quadrupole microelectrodes as stators.

26 lection in favor of the nonfunctional, "bad" stators.

27 s in an altitudinal orientation via tripodal stators.

28 A bundle of four helices belongs to the stator a-subunit and is in contact with c(11).

29 omposed of the rotor c10gammaepsilon and the stator ab2alpha3beta3delta.

30 We propose that force-enhanced stator adhesion allows the cell to adapt to a heterogene

31 changes about a proline "hinge" residue in a stator alpha-helix are directly responsible for generati

32 nto the molecular dirotor provides a central stator and a fixed phenylene ring relative to which the

33 fixed, membrane-embedded, torque-generating stator and a typically bidirectional, spinning rotor tha

34 flagellum, revealing features of the rotor, stator and export apparatus.

35 ia coli, the MotA and MotB proteins form the stator and function in proton translocation, whereas the

36 MotB, function as a complex that acts as the stator and generates the torque that drives rotation.

37 protein of the rotor that interacts with the stator and is directly involved in rotation of the motor

38 d rotor, and hence little is known about the stator and its interactions.

39 omeric c-ring can move with respect to the b-stator and provide further support for a rotary catalyti

40 approximately 3.5-nm-resolution model of the stator and rotor structures was obtained.

41 insight into the in situ arrangement of the stator and rotor structures.

42 evidence that FliL is localized between the stator and rotor.

43 nt site of interaction between the rotor and stator and suggest a hypothesis for electrostatic intera

44 e structurally related domains of the delta' stator and the delta wrench.

45 agellar rotation, the Na(+) -dependent PomAB stator and the H(+) -driven MotAB stator, the latter pos

46 nt zinc(II) porphyrins: one representing the stator and the other the rotator with DABCO as an interc

47 maintain the interaction between the curved stator and the relatively symmetrical rotor/C-ring assem

48 e molecular rotors was devised from a set of stators and rotators to gain simple access to a large nu

49 , but are significantly reduced in the head, stators and stalk.

50 amma-subunits (motor) flanked by the delta' (stator) and the delta (wrench) subunits.

51 he interface between transmembrane proteins (stators) and a rotor.

52 microscopy confirms the presence of the F(o) stator, and a height profile reveals that it protrudes l

53 We propose a model in which flagellar stators are disengaged and sequestered from the flagella

54 m speed of the motor increases as additional stators are recruited.

55 The number and exchange rates of the mutant stator around the rotor were not significantly different

56 The Cys loop appears to act as a stator around which the alpha-helical transmembrane doma

57 The stator assembly, revealed for the first time, possessed

58 ent for multiple stators (Mot proteins) or a stator-associated protein (FliL), secretion of essential

59 The rate constant for stator binding to a putative single binding site on the

60 To do this, we measured stator-binding to the rotor in mutants in which motors r

61 s with a paralyzed strain indicated that the stator-binding was measurably weaker when motors were un

62 In these motors, stator-binding was unchanged.

63 the b(2)delta subunit complex comprises the stator, bound to subunit a in F(0) and to alpha(3)beta(3

64 the b(2)delta subunit complex comprises the stator, bound to subunit a in F(0) and to the alpha(3)be

65 the b(2)delta subunit complex comprises the stator, bound to subunit a in F(o) and to the alpha(3)be

66 al interactions of the b subunits within the stator by use of monoclonal antibodies and nearest neigh

67 that when c-di-GMP level is high, the MotAB stator can displace MotCD from the motor, thereby affect

68 Although either stator can independently drive swimming through liquid,

69 he studies revealed that a QPY foldamer as a stator can reversibly control the intermeshed and demesh

70 reduced, and overexpression of some of these stators caused reduced growth rates, implying that mutan

71 arried a mutation believed to increase rotor-stator clearance.

72 Each stator complex contains two separate ion-binding sites,

73 The 308 residue MotB protein anchors the stator complex of the Escherichia coli flagellar motor t

74 ns down a transmembrane gradient through the stator complex provides the energy for torque generation

75 warming motility requires a functional MotAB stator complex.

76 The stator-complex in the bacterial flagellar motor is respo

77 ly, demonstrating that they are required for stator-complex incorporation.

78 s unambiguously locate the torque-generating stator complexes and show that diverse high-torque motor

79 ures to scaffold incorporation of additional stator complexes at wider radii from the axial driveshaf

80 ght to involve conformational changes in the stator complexes driven by proton association/dissociati

81 units exchanged between motors and a pool of stator complexes in the membrane, and the exchange rate

82 Torque is created by ion-dependent stator complexes which surround the rotor in a ring.

83 Each motor contains a number of stator complexes, comprising 4MotA 2MotB or 4PomA 2PomB,

84 P. aeruginosa encodes two stator complexes, MotAB and MotCD, that participate in t

85 driven motors, similar to bacterial flagella stator complexes, run along an endless looped helical tr

86 by ion translocation through membrane-bound stator complexes.

87 eins are thought to comprise elements of the stator component of the flagellar motor of Escherichia c

88 nucleotides in modulating flexibility of the stator components and uncover mechanistic detail that un

89 ring in the F(0) part, rotates relative to a stator composed of alpha(3)beta(3)deltaab(2) during ATP

90 vidence that P. aeruginosa has two flagellar stators, conserved in all pseudomonads as well as some o

91 y to construct a central phenylene core with stators consisting of two layers of triarylmethyl groups

92 his mechanism requires a strong and integral stator, consisting of the catalytic alpha3beta3-domain,

93 omain of catalytic beta subunit at the rotor/stator contact region generates mutant F(1)s, termed F(1

94 This report demonstrates that the delta' stator contributes a catalytic arginine for hydrolysis o

95 Thus, the delta' stator contributes to the motor function of the gamma tr

96 llar switch complex, which also contains the stator-coupling protein FliG and the target of CheY-P, F

97 ong helices inside the central cavity of the stator cylinder plus a globular portion outside the cyli

98 Charged and polar residues of the a-subunit stator define two aqueous channels, each spanning one ha

99 neral assumption that the stepping rate of a stator depends on the torque exerted by the stator on th

100 transient PMF disruption leads to reversible stator diffusion away from the flagellar motor, showing

101 This result arises from our assumption that stators disengage from the motor for a significant porti

102 continued motor integrity, and calculated a stator dissociation rate of 0.038 s(-1).

103 inhibits free V1 by bridging the rotary and stator domains.

104 it has a flexible region that can serve as a stator during both ATP synthesis and ATP hydrolysis.

105 that B. subtilis requires only the MotA/MotB stator during swarming motility and that the residues re

106 f GFP-MotB, consistent with approximately 11 stators each containing two MotB molecules.

107 Stator elements consisting of MotA4MotB2 complexes are a

108 within a densely packed frame of reference, stator, embedded within relatively rigid membranes.

109 -type stators, suggesting that the number of stators engaged is not the cause of increased swimming e

110 te with one open active site adjacent to the stator filament normally linked to the H subunit.

111 Structural elements associated with the stator followed the curvature of the cytoplasmic membran

112 Our motor is composed of a tripodal stator for vertical positioning, a five-arm rotor for co

113 motility and that the residues required for stator force generation are highly conserved from the Pr

114 fluorescence imaging of YFP-MotB (part of a stator force-generating unit) confirmed that the respons

115 A molecular rotor built with a stator formed by two rigid 9beta-mestranol units having

116 cloned, overexpressed and characterized the stator-forming subunits E and H of the A-ATPase from the

117 ed to form a rigid cyclotriveratrylene (CTV) stator framework, which was then closed with an amine.

118 We further find that mutants that abolish stator function also result in an overproduction of the

119 The stator function in ATP synthase was studied by a combine

120 To study the stator function in ATP synthase, a fluorimetric assay ha

121 d conformational change and other aspects of stator function.

122 ibility of bridging metal ion involvement in stator function.

123 ion by deletion or mutation of the flagellar stator gene, motB, results in an increase in both degU t

124 Sites of interaction between the rotor and stator have not been identified.

125 The location and distances of the stator helices impose spatial restrictions on the bacter

126 e peripheral stalk of ATP synthase acts as a stator holding the alpha(3)beta(3) catalytic subcomplex

127 in Myxococcus xanthus is powered by flagella stator homologs that move in helical trajectories using

128 rfaces, and it encodes two sets of flagellar stator homologs.

129 llenge, we used a rigid and shape-persistent stator in a dendritic structure that reaches ca. 3.6 nm

130 The stator in F(1)F(0)-ATP synthase resists strain generated

131 The stator in F(1)F(0)-ATP synthase resists strain generated

132 The stator in F(1)F(o)-ATP synthase resists strain generated

133 it H accomplishes this by bridging rotor and stator in free V1, cysteine-mediated cross-linking studi

134 der of 0.04 s(-1): the dwell time of a given stator in the motor is only approximately 0.5 min.

135 We conclude that to function as a stator in the Tol-Pal complex dimeric TolR must undergo

136 69) is important in anchoring the peripheral stator in V1V0.

137 ors simultaneously use H(+) and Na(+) driven stators in a configuration governed by MotAB incorporati

138 s results showed that subunit H (part of the stator) inhibits ATP hydrolysis by free V1.

139 ines regions important for contacts with the stator-interacting protein FliG and for either countercl

140 e affixed FliG(C) domains that reorients the stator interaction sites by about 90 degrees .

141 ndicate an inherent flexibility in the rotor-stator interaction.

142 e and emphasizes the importance of Mg(2+) in stator interactions.

143 ught that proton transport occurs at a rotor/stator interface between the oligomeric ring of c subuni

144 n mechanism for energy transfer at the rotor-stator interface regardless of the driving force powerin

145 terminal inhibitory domain at the same rotor/stator interface where the mitochondrial IF1 or the bact

146 er conditions requiring a strengthened rotor-stator interface.

147 for electrostatic interactions at the rotor-stator interface.

148 omain alter the proton interactions with the stator ion channel in a way that both increases torque o

149 The new data show that the stator is "overengineered" to resist rotor torque during

150 Either stator is sufficient for swimming, but both are necessar

151 ce of the speed at low load on the number of stators is explained by a force-dependent stepping mecha

152 This dominance might be caused by rotor-stator jamming, because it was weaker when FliG carried

153 ve to the stationary part of the enzyme (the stator), leading to proton translocation through the int

154 beetle species, Callosobruchus maculatus and Stator limbatus.

155 hat the delta subunit forms a portion of the stator linking F1 to F0.

156 The stator may also apply lateral force to help keep the sta

157 conditions tested, suggesting that these two stators may have different roles in these two types of m

158 a wrench opens the beta ring, and the delta' stator modulates the delta-beta interaction.

159 subdivided by their requirement for multiple stators (Mot proteins) or a stator-associated protein (F

160 fit well with recent experiments on a single-stator motor.

161 to the F0 part, and appear to constitute the stator necessary for holding the alpha3beta3 hexamer as

162 d reduced growth rates, implying that mutant stators not engaged with the rotor allow some proton lea

163 bunits of the F(1) part rotate relative to a stator of alpha(3)beta(3) and delta subunits during cata

164 The stator of the bacterial flagellar motor is formed from t

165 and MotB are membrane proteins that form the stator of the bacterial flagellar motor.

166 The stator of the flagellar motor is formed from the membran

167 The stator of the flagellar motor is formed from the membran

168 taches to the cell wall via MotB to form the stator of the flagellar motor.

169 MotA and MotB are believed to form the stator of the flagellar motor.

170 n-conducting membrane proteins that form the stator of the motor.

171 oton conduction and are believed to form the stator of the motor.

172 e proteins of Escherichia coli that form the stator of the proton-fueled flagellar rotary motor.

173 eral stalks that are parts of the mechanical stator of the V-ATPase are clearly resolved as unsupport

174 tructure of most of the peripheral stalk, or stator, of the F-ATPase from bovine mitochondria, determ

175 stator depends on the torque exerted by the stator on the rotor.

176 gle flagellum with one rotor and two sets of stators, only one of which can provide torque for swarmi

177 sal body contact site in the vicinity of the stator-P-collar junction.

178 ing on the conformational flexibility of the stator part (the carbonyl residue) and the nitrogen inve

179 ific environments by scaffolding alternative stator placement and number.

180 ated to MotB, the peptidoglycan (PG)-binding stator protein from the flagellum, suggesting it might s

181 al studies of the rotor protein FliG and the stator protein MotA showed that both proteins contain ch

182 C-terminal domain, which interacts with the stator protein MotA to generate torque.

183 nt for function, and which interact with the stator protein MotA, cluster along a prominent ridge on

184 , a homolog of the Escherichia coli flagella stator protein MotA.

185 udes charged residues that interact with the stator protein MotA.

186 tions in both the rotor protein FliG and the stator protein MotA.

187 liL protein was enhanced in conjunction with stator proteins MotAB.

188 Torque is generated by the interaction of stator proteins, MotA and MotB, with a rotor protein Fli

189 Using GFP-tagged MotB stator proteins, we found that transient PMF disruption

190 t a/c-ring interface: Three helices from the stator region are in contact with three c(11) helices.

191 doglucan-binding region of MotB misalign the stator relative to the rotor.

192 imental observations, the positively charged stator residue (R227) must assume different positions in

193 he b subunit directly to F(1) contributes to stator resistance and emphasizes the importance of Mg(2+

194 utants illuminate how finely balanced is the stator resistance function.

195 rotor 7c with the largest and most symmetric stator resulting from six peripheral silyl groups showed

196 ncreases in rotation rate upon PMF return as stators returned to the motor.

197 flux through the peptidoglycan (PG)-tethered stator ring MotA/B.

198 el provided accurate fits to measurements of stator-rotor binding over a wide range of loads.

199 titatively explained by the asymmetry in the stator-rotor interaction potentials, i.e., a quasilinear

200 otility by either disengaging or jamming the stator-rotor interaction.

201 Evidently, the switch senses stator-rotor interactions as well as the CheY-P concentr

202 gulatory role for a reversible beta/epsilon (stator/rotor) interaction that blocks rotation and inhib

203 The stator's integrity is ensured by robust attachment of bo

204 vels of c-di-GMP inhibit swarming by skewing stator selection in favor of the nonfunctional, "bad" st

205 Current models predict that the stator should be relatively rigid and engaged in contact

206 -dependent stepping, an unrealistically weak stator spring is required.

207 In Escherichia coli, the stator stalk consists of two (identical) b subunits and

208 vious work has shown that V(1) peripheral or stator stalk subunits E and G are critical for binding o

209 The "stator stalk" of F1Fo-ATP synthase is essential for rota

210 are believed to be part of the peripheral or stator stalk(s) responsible for physically and functiona

211 t via a central rotor stalk and a peripheral stator stalk.

212 subunit of F-ATPases and may be part of the "stator" stalk connecting the peripheral V(1) and membran

213 Three peripheral stator stalks connect these domains to a horizontal coll

214 e of the maximum speed, our model shows that stator-stepping is a thermally activated process with an

215 Understanding the stator structure and its interactions with the rest of t

216 hat occurs upon formation of a leash with Fo stator subunit a.

217 TP synthase concerns the dimeric coiled-coil stator subunit b of bacterial synthases.

218 subunit c) and with an F(1) component of the stator (subunit beta).

219 in contact with two of the three peripheral stators (subunit EG heterodimers): one via C(head) and o

220 linking between the b subunits and the other stator subunits (b-alpha, b-beta, b-delta, and b-a) were

221 ch is composed of Atp6p, Atp8p, at least two stator subunits, and the Atp10p chaperone while the seco

222 on the axle as it rotates within the ring of stator subunits.

223 e not significantly different from wild-type stators, suggesting that the number of stators engaged i

224 outer water phase was prepared using a rotor stator system.

225 homonas, and other organisms that encode two stator systems.

226 flagellar motor (BFM) is driven by multiple stators tethered to the cell wall.

227 m that is independent of the strength of the stator tethering spring.

228 ight regulate a conformational change in the stator that acts as the powerstroke to drive rotation of

229 stalk has been proposed to be either a rigid stator that binds F(1) or an elastic structural element

230 Within the motor, MotB is a component of the stator that couples ion flow to torque generation and an

231 MotB to induce conformational changes in the stator that drive movement of the rotor.

232 The enzyme's peripheral stalk serves as the stator that holds the F(1) sector and its catalytic site

233 r the proper function of the flagellar motor stators that channel ions into the cell to drive flagell

234 The search for voluminous stators that may accommodate large rotator units and spe

235 head-prohead RNA-ATPase complex acting as a stator, the DNA acting as a spindle, and the connector a

236 dent PomAB stator and the H(+) -driven MotAB stator, the latter possibly acquired by lateral gene tra

237 Thus, it appears that stators themselves act as dynamic mechanosensors.

238 ements of the catalytic binding sites on the stator to allow synthesis and release of ATP.

239 and h-subunits, an elbow or joint allows the stator to bend to accommodate lateral movements during t

240 of FliG (FliG(C)), which interacts with the stator to generate the torque for flagellar rotation.

241 ing (C-ring) of the motor interacts with the stator to generate torque in clockwise and counterclockw

242 directly with the Mot protein complex of the stator to generate torque, and it is a crucial player in

243 dge (trans-2) that spans from one end of the stator to other, with the intention of exploring its fun

244 on flow to torque generation and anchors the stator to the cell wall.

245 wn to be important in both engagement of the stator to the rotor and the selection of the type of sta

246 Here, we have explored the stator unit dynamics in the MR-1 flagellar system by usi

247 , indicate that the lifetime of an assembled stator unit increases when a higher force is applied to

248 o the rotor and the selection of the type of stator unit.

249 results, we propose that the binding of each stator-unit is enhanced by the force it develops.

250 that the amount of torque generated by each stator-unit modulates its association with the rotor.

251 Both types of stator units exchanged between motors and a pool of stat

252 We observed a total of between 7 and 11 stator units in each flagellar motor.

253 the kinetics of arrival and departure of the stator units in individual motors via analysis of high-r

254 ella oneidensis MR-1 possesses two different stator units to drive flagellar rotation, the Na(+) -dep

255 The stator units which form a peptioglycan anchored ring aro

256 Torque is generated by interaction of stator units, anchored to the peptidoglycan cell wall, w

257 The torque is provided by stator units, ion motive force-powered ion channels know

258 w that the motion is smoothed by having more stator units.

259 idensis MR-1 expresses two distinct types of stator units: the Na(+)-dependent PomA4 B2 and the H(+)-

260 ions in viscous loads, recruiting additional stator-units as the load increases.

261 ity of the two-component CTV-trismethylamine stator was investigated by (1)H variable-temperature (VT

262 umber of active torque-generating complexes (stators) was shown to vary across applied loads.

263 t electrostatic forces serve to position the stator, whereas steric forces comprise the actual "power

264 ce or overlap of signals from the deuterated stator, which is insensitive to the {(1)H}-(13)C cross-p

265 putationally modeled as a (t)Bu3P-Pt-P(t)Bu3 stator with a spinning H-Pt-H rotator.